人教版高一英语必修2 名词性从句1

名词性从句
从句是相对于主句而言的，即它是从属于某一个主句，而不能单独作一个句 子。在英语
中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从
句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、
目的、原因 、让步、地点、方式等）。
名词性从句
一 定义：名词性从句指的是在整个句子中起名词作 用的从句。这种从句可以做主语、宾
语、表语、同位语等，所以这类从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语 从句和同位语从句。
例如：
What they are doing seems very important. （主语从句）
他们在做的事似乎很重要。
My hope is that he will be the best student in the class. （表语从句）
我的愿望是他能够成为班上最好的学生。
Nobody knows who he is. （宾语从句）
大家都不知道他是谁。
I don't like the idea that money is everything. （同位语从句）
我不喜欢金钱就是一切这一观点。
二 如何区分各种名词性从句：
先找主句的谓语，然后分析。
1谓语之前的从句叫主语从句；
2谓语之后的从句按 动词不同分为两种从句。如果谓语是及物动词或相当于及物动词
的短语动词，则其后的从句为宾语从句；
3若谓语是系动词，则其后的从句为表语从句。
4在主句中某个名词后面的从句则为同位语从句。（但名词后也可能是定语从句，注意
分析）
找出各句中的从句并指出是何种从句。
1. I don't know if I can do it.
2. What he is doing seems very difficult.
3. The important thing is how we can improve our studies.
4. Mr Li always thinks of how he can do more for the people.
5. The news that she was pretending to be sick was whispered from one to another.
6. That's what you are going to do first.
7. It'll be decided at the class meeting who is to be the monitor of our class.
8. When the sports meet is to be held is still under discussion.
9. I was surprised at what he said.
10. He gave me the news that some Americans will visit our school tomorrow.

三 名词性从句的分类
【宾语从句】：在复合句中作动词或介词宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。


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1. 引导宾语从句的词有连词that, whether, if；连接代词who, whose, which, what以及
其强调形式 whoever, whichever, whatever（现暂不做讲解）；连接副词 when, where, why,
how等。
例如：
I think (that) women can reach very high achievements in many fields of science.
I wonder whetherif Lin Qiaozhi remembered how many babies she had delivered.
Do you know whowhom John Adams was speaking to?
He asked whose spacesuit it was.
Pat attention to what the doctor said, will you?
He can’t tell which gesture means “good luck”.
Please tell me when Jody Williams won the Nobel Peace Prize.
Do you know where the Greens live?
I have no interest in how rich he is.
Do you know why he crossed his arms?

2. 宾语从句主要用于下面五种结构：
1). 由that引导的宾语从句(that 引导宾语从句时，特别是在口语中可省略)
The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.
that引导的宾语从句多用于say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know,
suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream,
suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等后。
当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，
常把否定转移至主句表示。例如：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that. (= I
think it is not right for him ….)
that不能省略的情况：
(1) 当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句 时，第一个that可省，但后面的that
不可省。
如：
He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell
you.
(2) 当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。如：
Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his
black silk cap.
(3) 当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。如：
I can’t tell him that his mother died.
2. 由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这
种结构的动词 常常是：see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine,
suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise等。
I can’t decide which book I should buy.
3. 由whether (if) 引导的宾语从句

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I wonder whether (if) they will come to our party.
由whether(if)引导的宾语从句，实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。意思是“是否”。宾语从
句要用陈述句语序。一般说来，在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用，但介词后面的
宾语从句只用whether来引导。如：
We were talking about whether he will come or not.
4. 宾语从句后带有宾补时，需用it作形式宾语，而把宾语从句放在句后，这时that不省
略。
例如：He thought it wrong that they left the child alone at home.
5. 形容词后面的宾语从句
I’m afraid (that) I can’t come.
I’m glad (that) you have succeeded.
5. 宾语从句注意点
1). 要用陈述语序, 但当宾语从句是
? what’s the matter, what’s the trouble, what’s wrong 时，语序不变;
He didn’t tell me what was the matter.
?当疑问词在宾语从句中做主语或做定语修饰主语时，语序不变。
He asked who could answer the question.
He asked which picture was the best.
2). 宾语从句的时态要和主句主语保持一致，但若从句表示的是客观规律、事实真理时，
要用一般现在时。
The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.
We knew that light travels faster than sound.
3). 在do you think, do you suppose, do you expect, do you believe, do you imagine, do you
suggest 之后接一个表示疑问的宾语从句时，常把疑问词提到句首，其他结构按陈述语序
放在后面。如：
What present do you suggest I should buy for my grandfather?
4). 一些动词后宾语从句用虚拟语气（以后再讲）
【表语从句】: 在复合句中作表语的从句叫做表语从句。引导表语从句的词有连词that，
whether，as i f；连接代词who，what，which；连接副词when，where，how，why以及其
它连词as if，as though，because等。
例如：
Her wish is that she could lose weight soon.
The question is whether it is worth reading.
It looked as if it was going to snow.
That is what he is worried about.
The problem was who could do the work.
The problem is how he can get food and clothing.
That’s why they were late.
His trouble is where he can find a new job.

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含有表语从句的复合句中的主语通常是fact，t ruth，explanation，problem，opinion，view
等。
如：The fact is that fish can't go without water.
事实是鱼离开水不能存活。
*表语从句中的that一般不能省略;引导表语从句时，不能用if
The reason why…is that….是固定句式
The reason why he was late is that he didn’t catch the bus.
This is why he was late.
四．如何恰当使用合适的连接词
这类题通常依据“缺什么补什么”的原则确定正确的连词
认真分析句子成分，看从句中缺 什么成分，当通过句子成分确定不了答案时，再根据
语境和语义，选用恰当的连词。如果从句中缺少主语 ，指人用 who，指物则用what; 如
缺时间状语用when;地点状语用where;原因状语 用why;方式状语用how;定语用what或
which或whose;如果从句什么也不缺,用t hat，whether ,if .例如：
1.I don’t know ____ will be our English teacher next term.( 缺___语，指人用____.)
2.I know ____ should be done and what shouldn’t be done. ( 缺___语，指物用____.)
3.I’m sure____ he will come tomorrow. ( 不缺成分，用____.)
4.I don’t know ____ topic I should choose. ( 缺___语，用____.)
5. He told us ______ they were doing last night.( 缺___语，用____.)
如何使用连接词
1. 从属连词that, whether if.
that在名词性从句中不做成分，只起连接句子的作用，没有词义。
whether和 if 在名词性从句中不做成分，只起连接句子的作用，有词义“是否”。
2. 连接代词what, who, whose, which
what 指物，在句中通常做主语、宾语、表语或定语
who 指人，在句中通常做主语
whose 谁的 在句中通常做定语
which那一个 在句中通常做定语
what 和which
what在名词性 从句中不仅起连接作用，而且作句子成分，通常作主、宾、表、定等句子
成分。what=the thing(s) that. what 除具体明确的……的内容之外，还表……的时间、的地
点、的人、的速度等，较为抽象。如
other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ____ I thought was a
dangerous speed.
A. as B. which C. whom D. what
Ping is no longer ____ he was ten years ago.
A. that B. if C. whom D. what
y, we arrived at ____ we thought once was called New American.
A. that B. what C. which D. who
4. I believe _____ you’ve done your best and _____ things will improve very soon.

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A. whether; that B. 不填; that C. that; which D. if; that
which 指特定事物中的哪一个（些），具有 一定的范围。一般在从句中充当定语，后
接名词，在一定的语境中，它所修饰的名词可以省略，
There are so many things on the shelf that I really don’t know what I should choose.
There are so many books on the shelf that I really don’t know which one I should choose.
3. 连接副词 when, where, why
这三个词在从句中做状语，分别指时间、地点和时间，做题时注意找成分，已有 的就不
用再选，再通过语意判断。
Exercises:
I. 用合适的连接词填空
1. ---Can you tell me _____ the man is ?
--- He is my brother.
2. He told me ______ he was going the next week.
3. The doctor asks ____ medicine you have taken.
4. This is _____ they solved the problems in the city.
5. What frightened us most was _____ two lights suddenly appeared out of the darkness.
6. My mother asked ____ the matter was with me.
7. The reason I didn't come to the meeting was ____ I got ill
8. I doubt ______ he will attend our lecture.
9. I don’t doubt ______ he will come tomorrow.
10. This is _____ he came here by train.
11. It’s _____ he was careless.
III. 改错
1. The problem is if it is true.
2. That’s that I want.
3. The reason for his absence was because he was ill.
4. The question is that we can find enough food.
5. He said he would come the next week and he wanted us to meet him..
6. The book is still when you put it.
7. I can’t tell you I like this bet or not.
8. He told the brothers that he already went to the embassy.
9. My question is how did Henry land in Britain.
10. Why did Henry say that he can’t have simple pleasure for a while?
11. The brothers’ doubt is that Henry can stay out of jail.
12. I wonder about how Henry will get food and clothing.
13. Henry’s question is what kind of bet are the brothers made.
14. It seems as if everyone in London become interested in Henry.
15. I feel that good that we help each other in our country.
III. 翻译句子
1.这是我们所想要的东西。

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2. 我认为你是对的。

3. 我想知道他是否能帮助我。

4. 天气不是昨天那样了。

5. 问题是我们怎么能完成任务。

6. 能告诉我你把车放到哪里了吗？

7. 看起来好像他已知道了真相。

8. 事故的原因是因为他的粗心。

9. 我肯定地球围绕太阳转。

10．我发现我们努力学习英语是非常重要的。

IV. 选择题
1. — I flew to New York for the talk show on TV last week.
— Is that ______you had a few days off?
A. why B. when C. what D. where
2. I ask her _____ come with me.
A. if she will B. if will she
C. whether will she D. will she
3. It was a matter of _______ would take the position.
A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever
4. Can you tell me ________?
A. who is that gentleman is B. that gentleman is who
C. who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman
5. Can you tell me ________ the railway station?
A. how I can get to B. what can I get to
C. where I can got to D. where can I get to
6. Can you make sure _______ the gold ring?
A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put
C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put
7. Do you know ________ ?
A. what is his name B. how is his name
C. what his name is D. how his name is

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8. Go and get your coat. It's________ you left it.
A. there B. where C. there where D. where there
9. I wonder how much ________.
A. does the watch cost B. did the watch cost
C. the watch costed D. the watch costs
10. It was _____ he said _____ disappointed me.
A. what；that B. that；that
C. what；what D. that；what
11.
A. from what city does she come from B. from what city she come
C. what city does she come from D. what city she comes from
12. Henry killed the dog. I'll ask him why ________.
A. did he do that B. he did that
C. he did D. he has done so
13. Have you seen Henry lately? My boss wants to know ________.
A. how he is getting along B. how is he getting along
C. what he is getting along D. what is he getting along
14. I am sure ________ he said is true.
A. that B. about that C. of that D. that what
15. You can’t imagine ________ when they received these nice Christmas presents.
A. how they were excited B. how excited they were
C. how excited were they D. they were how excited
16. Why the explosion occurred was ________ the laboratory attendant had been careless.
A. for B. because C. since D. that
17. We gave him ________ help we could.
A. which B. what C. that D. this
18. Excuse me would you please tell me ________?
A. when the sports meet is taken place B. when is the sports meet going to be held
C. when is the sports meet to begin D. when the sports meet is to take place
19. This book will show you ________ can be used in other contexts.
A. how you have observed B. how what you have observed
C. that you have observed D. how that you have observed
20. Where do you think ________?
A. has he gone B. has he been C. he's gone D. was he
21．See the flags on top of the building? That was _______ we did this morning.（2006年全
国I高考题）
A. when B. which C. where D. What
22. —Could you do me a favor?
—It depends on _______ it is. （2006年北京高考题）
A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever

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23. These shoes look very good. I wonder _______. （2006年上海春季高考题）
A. how much cost they are B. how much do they cost
C. how much they cost D. how much are they cost
24. Mary wrote an article on _______ the team had failed to win the game. （2005年全国I高
考题）
A. why B. what C. who D. that
25. Mum is coming. What present _______ for your birthday? （2005年福建省高考题）
A. you expect she has got B. you expect has she got
C. do you expect she has got D. do you expect has she got
27.. The way he did it was different ________ we were used to. （2005年江西省高考题）
A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which
28. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _______ it was 20 years ago,
_______ it was so poorly equipped. （2005年安徽省高考题）
A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that
30. 1. We haven’t settled the question of _______ it is necessary for him to study abroad.（2006
年江苏省高考题）
A. if B. where C. whether D. that
remind me _______ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off.（2006年
全国I高考题）
A. where B. when C. how D. what
32. I just wonder that makes him so excited. （2006年山东省高考题）
A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is
33. Nobody believed his reason for being absent form the class was _______ he had to meet his
uncle at the airport. （2006年重庆高考题）
A. why B. that C. where D. because
34. The shopkeeper did not want to sell for _______ he thought was not enough. （2005年山
东省高考题）
A. where B. how C. what D. which
35. He noticed that the straight part of the dance was different in the afternoon from _______ it
had been in the morning. （2006年宜昌市模拟题）
A. that B. where C. what D. which
36. When you are reading, make a note of _______ you think is of great importance.
（2006年东北八校联考题）
A. which B. that C. what D. when
37.. —Can we get everything ready by the weekend?
—It all depends on _______ we can get Mr. Green’s cooperation.
（2006年如东中学模拟题）
A. that B. what C. whether D. if



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