老师您好in3在线试听-励志的英语句子
语法复习之名词性从句
名词性从句相当于名词,可分别作主句的主语、表
语、宾语和同位语。因此,名词性从
句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
(一)引导名词性从句的连接词
1、连接代词:who, whose, whom,
what, which。有词义,在从句中担任成分,如主语、
表语、宾语、或定语等。
2、连接副词:when, where, why, how。有词义,在从句中担任成分,作状语。
3、连接词:that, whether, if, as if。that
无词义,在从句中不担任成分,有时可
省略;if (whether), as
if虽有词义,但在从句中不担任成分。
注意
:连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是
疑问句,因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代
词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分,连接词whether
和if(是否),as if(好象)在从句
中不充当句子成分,只起连接作用。根据句义,如果连接代
词与连接副词,whether、if 和
as
if都用不上时,才用that作连接词(that本身无任何含义)。
(二)主语从句
1、主语从句在复合句作主语。
e.g. Who will go is not
important.
2、用it作形式主语,主语从句放在句末。
e.g. It
doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or
not.
3、that引导主语从句时,不能省略。
e.g. That he
suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.
(三)表语从句
1、表语从句在复合句中作表语,位于系动词之后。
e.g.
The question was who could go there.
2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。
e.g. My idea is (that)
we can get more comrades to help in the work.
(四)宾语从句
1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。
e.g. I
hope (that) everything is all right.
2、介词之后的宾语从句,不可用which或if连接,要分别用what或 whether。
e.g. I’m interested in whether you’ve finished the
work..
I’m interested in what you’ve
said.
3、whether与if都可以引导宾语从句,常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。
①宾语从句是否定句时,只用if,不用whether。
e.g. I wonder
if it doesn’t rain.
②用if 会引起误解,就要用whether。
e.g. Please let me know whether you want to
go.(此句如果把whether改成if,
容易当成条件句理解)
③宾语从句中的whether 与or not直接连用,就不能换成if;不直接连用,可换。
e.g. I don’t know whether or not the report is
true.
I don’t know whether if the report is
true or not.
④介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether 可与不定
式连用。whether也可引导
主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句,还可引导让步状语从句,以上均不
能换成if。但引导
条件从句时,只能用if,而不能用whether。
e.g. It
depends on whether we have enough time.
1
They don’t know whether to go
there.
Please come to see me if you have
time.
(五)同位语从句
同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语,一般位于该名词(如:news, fact, idea,
suggestion, promise等)之后,说明该名词的具体内容。
eg. I
have no idea when he will be back.
The fact
that he had not said anything surprised everybody.
We know the truth that the sun is the
center of the solar system
一,判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句,并指出是什么从句:
1. China is no
longer what it used to be._______________
2.
The truth that the earth turn around the sun is
known to all._____________
3. It was snowing
when he arrived at the station._________________
4. How he persuaded the manager to change the
plan is interesting to us all.__________
5.
The news that they had won the game soon spread
over the whole school._______
6. The news that
you told me yesterday was really
disappointing._____________
7. That is where
Lu Xun used to live.__________________
8. He
spoke as if he understood what he was talking
about._________________
9. Do you remember the
teacher who taught us English at middle
school?______________
10. I wonder why she
refused my invitation.____________________
二,单句改错:
1, We must stick to that we have
agreed on.
2, Everything depends on if we
will gain their support. .
3, They have made
that a rule that they will have a walk after
meals.
4, What hit me that I had missed this
precious opportunity.
5, Water is to fish as
air is to human beings.
6, He is no longer
that he used to be.
7, It is well known is
that Taiwan belongs to China.
8, I hate when
people talk with their mouths full of food.
9,
It remained to be seen that the old couple would
enjoy this journey.
10, The fact which she
declined our invitation made us disappointed.
三,用名词性从句将下列每组简单句合并为一个复合句
1.When did you
enter the room?The police want to know it.
___
__________________________________________________
______________________
2
2.This is my decision. All of us are to
start at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning.
_________
__________________________________________________
________________
3.Shall we go picnicking
tomorrow? It depends on the weather.
_________
__________________________________________________
_______________
4.Our women volleyball team
had won the championship. The news encouraged us
all greatly.
_____________________________
_____________________________________________
all got the news. Two students of our school had
been admitted to Beijing
University.
_____
__________________________________________________
____________________
四.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)。
1.________career women want to return to the
job market after giving birth to the
second
child appears to be rather difficult nowadays in
China.
2.What I’m hoping to accomplish is
________ my generation and younger start
to
reconsider and understand _________ jazz is not
black and write anymore.
3.The reason why the
U.S – Mexico Border Wall is to be built is
________the
American government attempt to
keep refugees and illegal immigrants out.
4.________ surprised the family most was
________ the girl played basketball
very well.
5.______ team wins on Saturday will go through
to the national championships.
6.It never
occurred to me________ she could complete the task
in such a short
time.
7.Grandma pointed to
the hospital and said, “That's ________ I was
born.”
8. China’s Ministry of Education has
given official announcement _______
China’s
first intelligent (AI) textbook series designed
for primary and secondary
school students is
expected to be introduced into hundreds of
campuses in 2019.
9.Determination is a kind
of basic quality and this is ________ it takes to
do jobs well.
10.The reason ________I am
now depressed is ________I don't have a clear
appreciation of the past.
11.“Every
time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is
_______ my mother
used to tell me.
12.I
don't doubt ________ he has the ability to deal
with the situation, but
________ the problem
can be solved quickly depends on his attitude.
13.—The relation between the actor and his
girlfriend has been worsening.
—I know. It
has got to ________ they have to get separated.
14.—Is there any possibility ________ you
could pick me up at the airport?
—No
problem.
15.It remains to be seen
the newly formed committee’s policy can be
3
put into practice.
16.Only the white collars themselves know ________
others see as a good life
is actually a
boring life.
17. —I wonder Mary has kept her
figure after all these years.
—By working out
every day.
18.Several years later,word came
__________ Napoleon himself was coming to
inspect soldiers.
19.She is warm?hearted,
so it is no wonder ________ she always helps those
who
are in trouble.
20.Facebook is a place
where you can share ________is going on in your
life
with friends.
21.Cooperative
learning allows us to have more chances to
acquire____________
is beneficial to
ourselves.
22.She is ________ is known as
a nosy person—she is always dying to know what’s
going on in others’ lives.
23.Even
today we still have no solid evidence___________
there are living
creatures in outer space or
not.
24.____________she expects most is
to set an example to younger people and
inspire all the children in her village to
study.
25.An advantage of using the solar
energy is ________ it won’t create any
pollution.
26.Exactly__________ the
potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain,
but
it was probably around 1565.
27.Many experts hold the view ________teachers’
development is ___________
the key to better
education lies.
28.If you go into a school or
university everywhere, the chances are _______
you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits
with the familiar logo.
29.After a day’s
exhausting climb we finally arrived at____________
we had
been told was the “Golden Garden”.
30. We choose this hotel because the price for a
night here is down to $$20,
half of _______ it
used to charge.
31.The decision is
announced by the headmaster _________we will hold
the evening
party next week.
32.Now all
of our concentration is on _____________it is that
the global
environment will return to normal.
We are looking forward to the time.
33.I
won’t change my belief _______ success comes to
those who act.
34.— What a mess! You are
always so lazy!
— I'm not to blame,
mum. I am _________ you have made me.
五.用名词性从句翻译下列句子。
1.众所周知,中国政府已不遗余力地保护人们免受假冒食品的毒害。
______ is
known to all is ______ the Chinese government has
_______ no effort to
protect people from
_______ food.
2.现代科学已经给出充分的证据表明吸烟会导致许多疾病。
Modern _______ has given clear evidence ______
smoking can _____ _____ many _______.
3.
对小发明感兴趣的任何人都可以参加这次竞赛.
__________is interested
in making small _________can join in this________.
4
4.我现在最需要的是你的安慰和鼓励。
_____
__________________________________________________
________________________
5.据估计,超过30%的学生对上网上瘾。
______________________________________________
_________________________________
6.
运动会这个星期或是下星期开都没有关系。(make no difference)
______
__________________________________________________
______________________
7.
最让我们感动的是他做了他能够做的事来帮助那些残疾人。
___________________
__________________________________________________
__
____________________________________________
___________________________
8.他再也不是以前的那个人了。 ________________________________________________
______________________________
9.他保持健康的原因是他喜欢定期做运动和吃有机食品。
_______________
__________________________________________________
______
________________________________________
_______________________________
10.如果你能给我一些关于怎样提高英语口语的建议,我将不胜感激
11.专家们在这次国际会议上提出了一个问题, 那就是该采取什么措施来解决全球变暖。
______________________________________________
_________________________
12.凡是想参加这次英语演讲比赛的人必须在这个星期六之前交自己的申请表。
__________________________________________________
_____________________
13.他们现在面对的最大困难是他们缺乏资金和设备
。
_____________________________________________
__________________________
____________________
__________________________________________________
_
14. 水对于鱼来说就相当于空气对于人。
__________________
__________________________________________________
___
15.就我来看,勇气就是我们要实现梦想所需要的东西。
___________
__________________________________________________
__________
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名词性从句的常用句型
1.A is to B what C is to D
A对B而言正像C对D而言
A book is to the mind what food
is to the body.
书籍对于心灵而言正如食物对于身体一样。
2.What
impressessurprisesshocks ... sb. most is that
...最令某人印象深刻
吃惊震惊的是……
In addition, what may
interest you most is that I am really nervous and
upset
when taking the
exam.另外,可能最使你感兴趣的是,考试时我真的既紧张又烦躁。
3.It
is+importantnecessarystrange ... that
...重要的必要的奇怪的是……
However, it is important that
we never lose the enthusiasm to keep on trying.
然而,重要的是,我们从来没有丧失过继续努力的热情。
4.I wonder
whetherif ... 我想知道是否……
I am wondering if you
could tell me more about this
activity.我想知道你是否
能告诉我有关活动的更多的信息。
5.The
chances are (that) ... 很可能……
If you go into a
school or university everywhere, the chances are
(that) you
will see students in Li Ning
tracksuits with the familiar logo.
如果你走进任何一个地方
的中学或大学校园,都有可能看到穿着印有李宁那个熟悉标志
运动服的学生们。
6.ThatThisIt is whybecause ... 那这就是为什么因为……
I read about your reform of the school English
newspaper, and that’s why I’
m writing to voice
my opinion.
我获悉了你对英语校报的改革方案,那就是为什么我写信发表观点的原因。
7.The reason why ... is that ... ……的原因是……
The reason why he wasn’t admitted into a key
university was that his grades
were too low.
他没有被重点大学录取的原因是他的分数太低了。
8.Sb. holds the
beliefview that ... 某人(坚定地)持有某种观点……
Most
people hold the belief that education can change
one’s fate.
多数人坚定地持有这样的观点,教育能改变人的命运。
9.No
one can deny the fact that ... 谁也不可否认的事实是……
No one can deny the fact that the environment
is getting polluted more and more
seriously.
谁也不可否认的事实是,环境污染越来越严重了。
10.It iswas no
surprisewonder that ... ……不足为怪
She is
warm?hearted, so it is no surprisewonder that she
always helps those
who are in trouble.
她是一个热心肠的人,因此她经常帮助那些处于困境的人们就不足为怪了。
11.An
advantage of ... is that ...……的优点是……
An
advantage of using the solar energy is that it
won’t createproduce any
pollution.
使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。
6
高考阅读复杂从句赏析:
study
found that theobromine,found in cocoa,was nearly a
third more
effective in stopping coughs than
codeine,which was considered the best cough
medicine at present.
The Imperial College
London researchers who published their results
online said
that the discovery could lead to
more effective cough treatment,“while coughing
is not necessarily harmful(有害的) it can have a
major effect on the quality of
life and” this
discovery could be a huge step forward in treating
this problem”,
said Professor Peter Barnes.
(NMET2016全国卷 D篇)
简析:第一个句子中有一个宾语从句,宾语从句中有一过去分词短语found in
cocoa作定
语,还有一个非限制性定语从句;第二个句子中有一个定语从句,宾语从句。
译文:目前,可卡因是最佳的止咳药物,可是他们的研究发现在可可粉中包含的可可碱,其
疗效又比可卡
因几乎高三分之一。
在因特网上公布了他们的研究成果的伦敦皇家大学的研究员们说道:这种发现
可能有助
于找到更有效的治咳方式。彼得·巴恩斯教授说道:“这种发现可能在治咳史上向前迈了一大步”。
of the energy that comes from the
Sun never reaches the Earth’s surface.
It is
either reflected or absorbed by the gases in the
upper atmosphere .Of the
energy that reaches
the lower atmosphere,30% is reflected by clouds or
the Earth’
s surface. The remaining 70% warms
the surface of the planet.(NMET 2017 江苏卷B
篇)
简析:句子中含有两个定语从句,这是解题的关键。 either
...or连结的是并列结构。
译文:来自太阳的大部分能量都不会到达地球的表面,这种能量或
者被上层大气中的气
体反射或吸收。在到达低层大气的能量中,有30%的能量被云层或地球的表面所反
射,剩下
的70%使地球的表面温暖。
brain differences
also explain the fact that more men take up jobs
that
require good spatial skills,while more
women speech skills. It may all go back
to our
ancestors(祖先),among whom women needed speech
skills to take care of their
babies and men
needed spatial skills to hunt,according to one
research.(NMET 2015
陕西卷E篇)
简析:第一句中包含一个tha
t引导的同位语从句,在其中又有一个that引导的定语从
句,还有一介词 +
关系代词(among whom)引导的定语从句。注意more
women之后省去了与
前半句中相同的take up jobs that require
...。
译文:大脑这些差异也解释了这样的事实:更多的男性从事空间技能的工作,而更多的<
br>女性则从事需要语言技能的工作。这种现象也可以追溯到我们的祖先时代,据一项研究表明,
在他
们当中,女性做的是照看孩子这样的需要语言技能的工作,男性做的是像狩猎这样的需
要空间技能的工作
。
researchers said that among the
problems with some earlier studies is
that
they often failed to take into account those
people most at risk for skin cancer
—people
with fair skin and freckles(雀斑),for example—are
more likely to use
sunscreen. As a result,it
may appear that sunscreen users get cancer more
often.(NMET 2018福建卷E篇)
简析:第一句的主体结构为:The
research said that ...is that they failed to
...,
其中第一个that引导一个宾语从句,宾语从句中又含有一个倒装结构,其中主语为that
they often ...的一个主语从句,表语为among the problems
with ...。破折号间内容为
7
插入语。
译
文:研究员们说,早期研究带来的问题之一是他们没有考虑到那些最有可能患皮肤癌
人,比如皮肤白皙和
有雀斑的人。可是皮肤白皙的和有雀斑的人最有可能使用防晒剂,结果
是好像防晒剂的使用者患皮肤癌更
常见。
and Bell,who have just completed an
art gallery for the city,feel
that the
experience from decoration of their
building,focusing on the inside rather
than
the outside,has influenced their work. It has also
given these architects
a chance to show how
they can make more out of less.(NMET 2017湖南卷B篇)
简析:该句中有一个who引导的定语从句,两个宾语从句(分别由that及how引导),v-ing式作定语。第一句的主体结构为:Yocum and Bell feel that the
experience has
influenced their work。
译文
:刚刚为这座城市建成艺术画廊的约克姆和贝尔,确切感受到装饰他们自己的房子
中获得的经验,也就是
说,把装饰的注意力放在房子的里面而不是外面对他们的工作产生了
影响。同时这使这两位建筑师有了一
次机会去展示他们是如何以较少的钱做更多的事。
6. The majority
of students believe that part-time job will
provide them with
more opportunities to
develop their interpersonal skills, which may put
them in
a favorable position in the future job
markets.
(NMET2014全国卷 C篇)
简析:该句中有一个that宾语从句,which引导的定语从句
译文:大部分学生相信
业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力,而这对他们
未来找工作是非常有好处的。
7. From what has been discussed above, we may
safely draw the conclusion that
advantages of
bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will
still play
essential roles in modern society.
(NMET 2017北京卷C篇)
简析:该句中有一个what宾语从句,that引导的同位语从句
译文:通过以上讨论,
我们可以得出结论:自行车的优点远大于缺点,并且在现代社
会它仍将发挥重要作用。
8. Although people’s lives have been dramatically
changed over the last decades,
it must be
admitted that, shortage of funds is still the one
of the biggest questions
that students
nowadays have to face because that tuition fees
and prices of books
are soaring by the day.
(NMET 2015山东卷C篇)
简析:该句中有一个that主语从句,that引导的定语从句
译文:近几十年,尽管人们
的生活有了惊人的改变,但必须承认,由于学费和书费日益
飞涨,资金短缺仍然是学生们面临的最大问题
之一。
9. Many sociologists point out that
rural emigrants are putting pressure on
population control and social order; that they
are threatening to take already
scarce city
jobs; and that they have worsened traffic and
public health problems.
(NMET2016全国卷 C篇)
简析:该句中有三个that引导宾语从句
译文:许多社会学家指出民工正给
人口控制和社会治安带来压力。他们正在威胁着本已
萧条的工作市场,他们恶化了交通和公共卫生状况。
8
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