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高中英语一轮复习语法第22讲:《名词性从句》

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2020-10-22 03:41
tags:高中英语名词性从句

考研政治考试时间-voyage是什么意思中文

2020年10月22日发(作者:程潇)


名词性从句

名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句和 补语从句。在高中阶段,我
们将着重学习前四种。本章从主语从句开始讲解,以它的各种连接词为学习主 线,之后讲述
表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。宾语从句中,宾语从句与陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑
问句的转换是重点。
典型例句: is certain that he will come.他一定会来。(主语从句)
idea is that we’ll all go expect Lily.我的想法是除了莉莉之外我们大家都去。
(表语从句)
asked me whetherif she lived here.他问我她是否住在这儿。(宾语从句)
4.I’ve no idea where he has gone.我不知道他到哪里去了。(同位语从句)

1.主语从句
< br>在主从复合句中,作主语的是一个从句,这个从句就称为主语从句。主句从句可以由连词、
连接代 词或连接副词引导,且不能省略。另外,主句的动词大多用be动词或其他系动词。
常用来引导主语从句的词
连词 that,whether
连接代词 what,whatever,who,whoever等
连接副词 when,where,how,why等
1.由连词引导的主语从句
连词that,wh ether引导主语从句,在从句中不作任何成分,不能省略。由它们引导的主语
从句,多用it作形式 主语。


①That she was beautiful was plain to everyone.大家都能看出她很漂亮。
主语从句
②It was plain to everyone that she was beautiful.
形式主语 真正主语(主语从句)
说明:①中that是连词,引导主语从句she was beautiful。that在主句从句 中不作任何成分,
也没有词义,that不能省略。由that引导的主语从句可改写为由it作形式主 语的句子②。
①Whether he’ll come (or not) hasn’t been decided.他是否会来,还没定下来。
主语从句 谓语
②It hasn’t been decided whether he’ll come or not.
形式主语 真正主语(主语从句)
③(误)It hasn’t been decided if he’ll come.
(误)If he’ll come hasn’t been decided.
说明:①中whether引导主语从句,w hether在从句中不作任何成分,但有含义,意为“是
否”,whether不能省略。此句中,因 为主句的时态为现在时态,所以主语从句的时态不受主
句的限制。由whether引导的主语从句常可 改写为②,即一个由it作形式主语的句子。
whether引导主语从句时,不能用if代替,所以③中的两个句子都是错误的。
That women had not had the same opportunities as men in many fields is obvious.
主语从句
显然,过去在许多领域中,妇女没有和男人享有同样的机遇。
Whether she can get that job is still unclear.她是否能得到那份工作尚不清楚。
主语从句

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That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact.
(从句)现在进行时的被动语态 (主句)一般现在时
=It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
形式主语 真正主语(主语从句)
英语正在作为一种国际语言被接受,这是一个事实。
It is my fault that this has happened.发生这事得怪我。
形式主语 真正主语(主语从句)
2.由连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句
连接代词who,whi ch和what,连接副词when,where,how和why以及复合连接代词whatever,
whoever等,复合连接副词whenever,wherever等都可引导主语从句,它们分别在从句 中担
任主语、宾语和状语,不能省略。注意,翻译时,不能把它们译为疑问句。
Who will take charge of the task has not been decided.
重要:who是连接代词,引导主语从句,在从句中作主语,不能省略。翻译时不能把它译为
疑 问句。
=It has not been decided who will take charge of the task.谁来负责这项任务还没有决定。
Which (answer) is right isn’t known to us.
=It isn’t known to us which (answer) is right.哪一个答案是对的我们还不知道。
When we’ll start is not clear.=It is not clear when we’ll start.我们何时出发还不清楚。
Where we’ll spend our holiday hasn’t been decided.我们要去哪里度假还没决定。
How a book will sell depends much on the reviewer.一本书的 销售在很大程度上取决于书评作
者。(重要:how是连接副词,在主语从句中作状语,不能省略。)
Why he went to London is a mystery.

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=It is mysterious why he went to London.他为什么去伦敦是个谜。
比较:由连接代词和连接副词引导的主语从句和疑问句不同, 主语从句的语序是正常语序(陈
述语序)。
疑问句:Why(疑问副词)didn’t he come here?他为什么不来这儿?
主语从句:Why(连接副词)he didn’t come here is not known to us.
我们不知道为什么他没来这儿。 < br>what引导的主语从句有时相当于“先行词+that引导的定语从句”,表示一样东西或一件事情。< br>who,whom,which,what可以和ever构成合成词,和what一样引导从句,eve r起强调作
用。由它们引导的主语从句不能用形式主语it替代,它们在句子中作成分,不能省略,语序
为陈述语序。
What he said(主语从句)was perfectly true.
what=the thing that,在从句中作宾语,不能省略,为陈述语序,不能用疑问句语序“What did
he say?”。
=The thing that he said was perfectly true.(the thing+that引导的定语从句)
他讲的都是事实。
Whoever leaves the office should tell me.
whoever在从句中作主语,不能省略。
=Anyone who leaves the office should tell me.无论是谁离开办公室都应该告诉我。
Whichever you want is yours.
你要哪一个,哪一个就是你的。
whichever在从句中作宾语,不能省略,注意语序。
Whatever I have is yours.

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我所有的一切都是你的。
whatever在从句中作宾语,不能省略,注意语序。
引导主语从句的连接代词
无论是谁(主)
无论是谁(宾)
无论是谁的
无论是哪个
无论是什么

2.表语从句

在主从复合句中,作表语的是一个 从句,这个从句就称为表语从句。表语从句可以由连词、
连接代词和连接副词引导,并且不能省略。
常用来引导表语从句的词
连词 that,weather
whoever
whomever
whosever
whichever
whatever
=anyone who
=anyone whom
=anyone whose
=anything that
=anything that
=no matter who
=no matter whom
=no matter whose
=no matter which
=no matter what
连接代词 what,whatever,who,whoever,which,whichever等
连接副词 when,where,how,why等
My opinion is that the villager really didn’t understand the policeman.
我认为那位村民确实没有理解警察的意思。
that在表语从句中不作成分,没有词义,不可省略,但在口语中有时可省略。
That’s what we should do.这是我们的本分。

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what在表语从句中作宾语,不能省略,从句中的语序为陈述语序。
The question is how the tiger got out of the cage.问题是老虎是怎么从笼子里出去的。
how在表语从句中作状语,不能省略,从句中的语序为陈述语序。
That is why they decided to hold a meeting.这就是他们为什么决定要开会的原因。
This is where I met Mary for the first time.这就是我第一次遇见玛丽的地方。
3.宾语从句
在主从复合句中,作宾语的是一 个从句,这个从句就称为宾语从句。宾语从句与主语从句
和表语从句一样,使用连词、连接代词和连接副 词等引导。
常用来引导宾语从句的词
连词 that,whether
连接代词 what,whatever,who,whoever,which,whichever等
连接副词 when,where,how,why等
1.宾语从句的种类
宾语从句在句子中可以用作动词的宾语或介词的宾语。
1.动词宾语从句
I was told (that) I had to cut out alcohol.我被告知必须戒酒。
I don’t know whetherif the banks are open.我不知道银行是否营业。
Joe wanted to know who bought him the gift.乔想弄清楚是谁给他买的这个礼物。
Mary asked where she could find the biggest park in the city.玛丽问这座城市最大的公园在哪儿。
2.介词宾语从句
只在expect,in和but等少数介词后引导从句作介词的宾语。

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We know nothing expect that Joe is from America.
除了知道乔是来自美国之外,我们什么都不知道。
He differed from other people in that he always looked further ahead in his work.
他和别人不同的是他在工作中比别人都看得远些。
I could say nothing but that I was sorry.我非常抱歉。(我除了说抱歉之外,没什么可说的。)
B.由连接代词或连接副词引导的从句作介词的宾语。
My teacher was satisfied with what I did.我的老师对我所做的一切感到满意。
What we should take with us depend on where we’ll stay.
我们需要随身带什么东西,取决于我们将在什么地方停留。
C.不及物动词后跟介词宾语从句。
某些不及物动词后边如果跟宾语从句,常省去介词。
I don’t care whether he is the headmaster or not.(省略介词)
我不在乎他是不是校长。
重要:如果不及物动词后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式等作宾语,则介词不能省略。
I don’t care about him.我不在乎他。
I insist that you should learn a second language.(省略介词)
=I insist on your learning a second language.(不能省略介词)
我坚持让你学第二语言。
D.某些形容词后跟介词宾语从句。
在表示知觉、感情等 的形容词如sure,afraid,glad,certain等之后,如果跟宾语从句,则省
去介词 。

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I’m afraid that I’ll be late.(省略介词)
恐怕我要迟到了。
重要:如果形容词后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式等作宾语,则不能省略介词。
I’m afraid of being late.我害怕迟到。
I’m sure that we’ll win the match.(省略介词)
我确信我们会赢得这场比赛。
I am sure that he’ll win.(省略介词)
=I am sure of his winning.(不能省略介词)
我肯定他会赢。
He is glad that you passed the exam.(省略介词)
=He is glad of your passing the exam.(不能省略介词)
他为你能通过考试而高兴。
2.宾语从句的转换
1.陈述句与宾语从句的转换
陈述句转换成宾语从句的步骤:
步骤①:用连词that引导宾语从句。(that在从句中不担当成分,本身没有词义,可以省略)
步骤②:从句语序不变,仍是陈述语序。
步骤③:从句时态与主句时态保持一致。
步骤④:可用it代替that引导的宾语从句作形式宾语。
陈述句:He is listening to music in the room.他正在屋子里听音乐。
宾语从句:Joe said that he was listening to music in the room.乔说他正在屋子里听音乐。

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说明:主句的时态是一般过去时,从句的时态为过去进行时。
陈述句:Mary always studies hare.玛丽总是努力学习。
宾语从句:All of us know that Mary always studies hard.
我们所有的人都知道玛丽总是努力学习。
说明:主句如果是一般现在时,从句的时态不变。
We think it quite right that all the people ought to obey the laws.
形式宾语 真正的宾语
所有人都应遵守法律,我们认为这是非常正确的。
They took it for granted that the Greens had gone to Australia.
他们想当然地认为格林夫妇去澳大利亚了。
He made it clear to all the people that he objected to the plan.
他让所有人都明白,他反对这项计划。
I think it necessary that he does it again.我想他有必要再做一次。
2.一般疑问句与宾语从句的转换
一般疑问句转换成宾语从句的步骤:
步骤①:用 whether或if引导宾语从句。(它们在从句中不作任何成分,当“是否”讲,不
可省略)
步骤②:从句语序要变为陈述语序。
步骤③:从句时态要与主句时态保持一致。
一般疑问句:Does she work in the office?她在这个办公室工作吗?
宾语从句:He asked me whetherif she worked in the office.

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说明:主句的时态是过去式asked,宾语从句的时态也要改为过去时。
=He asked me whetherif she worked in this office or not.他问我她是否在这个办公室工作。
一般疑问句:Will the movie star come?这个影星会来吗?
宾语从句:I don’t know whetherif the movie star will come.
说明:主句时态是一般现在时,宾语从句的时态不变。
=I don’t know whetherif the movie star will come or not.我不知道这位影星是否会来。
一般疑问句:Did he study English 20 years ago?他20年前学英语吗?
宾语从句:My mother asked him whether he had studied English 20 years before.
说明:主句时态是一般过去时,宾语从句的时态由一般过去时变为过去完成时。
我母亲问他,他20年前是否学英语。
3.特殊疑问句与宾语从句的转换
特殊疑问句转换成宾语从句的步骤:
步骤①:保留原来的疑问词(这些疑问词形式不变,但它 们的语法功能变了,换作连接代词
或连接副词,它们在宾语从句中作成分,不可以省略)。
步骤②:从句语序要变为陈述语序。
步骤③:从句时态要与主句时态保持一致。
特殊疑问句:What does Joe do?乔是做什么的?
宾语从句:I wonder what Joe does.我想知道乔是做什么的。
说明:what由原来特殊疑 问句中的疑问代词变为连接代词,它把主句和宾语从句连接起来,
同时,他在宾语从句中作动词does 的宾语,不能省略。语序要变为陈述语序。因为主句的
时态是一般现在时,所以从句的时态保持不变。

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特殊疑问句:Why did he come home so late yesterday?他昨天为什么回家那么晚?
宾语从句:She asked me why he had come home so late the day before.她问我,他前一天为什
么回家那么晚。
说明:why由特殊疑问句中的疑问副 词变为连接副词,它引导了宾语从句,同时在宾语从句
中作状语,不能省略。语序要变为陈述语序。因为 主句的时态是一般过去时态,所以从句的
时态也由一般过去时变为过去完成时。
特殊疑问句:When would be allowed to go home?格林先生什么时候被允许回家?
宾语从句:Joe asked when would be allowed to go home.
乔问什么时候可以允许格林先生回家。
特殊疑问句:What can they do to help us?他们能做什么来帮助我们?
宾语从句:We want to know what they can do to help us.
我们想知道他们能做些什么来帮助我们。
特殊疑问句:How did he come?他怎么来的?
宾语从句:Do you remember how he came?你还记得他怎么来的吗?
3.使用宾语从句需注意的事项
1.宾语从句的时态
宾语从句和其他名词性从句不同,时态会受到主句的限制,尤其是主句为一般过去时时。
A.当主句是现在时态时
当主句是现在时态(一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时)时,宾 语从句的时态可根据实
际情况而定(可以是任意时态)。
Joe says he has read the book that day.乔说他那天看了这本书了。
Mary says Susan went to Shanghai the day before.玛丽说苏珊前一天去了上海。

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B.当主句是过去时态时
当主句是过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时)时, 宾语从句的时态要变为相应的过去时态
(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时和过去完成时)。
I believed what she told me.我相信她和我说的话。
told me that he had gone there by train.怀特先生告诉我他是坐火车去那儿的。
2.主句是I don’t think...的宾语从句
主句是I don’t think...的主从复合句的意思是“我认 为……不……”。它在英语中已成为固定
句型,即否定的形式在主句,而否定的信息焦点却在从句。
类似的句型还有:I don’t imagine...,I don’t believe...,I don’t suppose...等。
I don’t think you are right.我认为你不对。
重要:主句的主语必须是第一人称I或we时,才能用 这样的句型(否定形式在主句,而否
定的信息焦点却在从句)。
I don’t think he’ll go,will he?我认为他不会走,不是吗?
I don’t think you can do that,can you?我认为你不会干那件事,不是吗?
I don’t think he is lazy,is he?我认为他不懒,不是吗?
注意:注意该固定句型中反意疑问句的用法。
3.连词that的省略
that引 导宾语从句时可以省略,但在连接词and或but所连接的两个作宾语的that从句中,
第一个宾语 从句中的that可以省略,第二个不能省略。
He said (that) he has worked for nearly ten years and that he wanted to go home.
他说他已在这儿工作近10年了,并说他想回家了。
The little girl told me (that) she didn’t like toy trains,and that she liked barbie dolls very much.

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这个小女孩告诉我,她不喜欢玩具火车,并且告诉我她非常喜欢芭比娃娃。
4.当主句谓语为doubt和be not sure时
句型:I doubt whetherif...(我怀疑……是否……)
I don’t doubt that...(我毫不怀疑……)
I doubt whether he can swim.我怀疑他是否会游泳。
I don’t doubt that he can swim.我毫不怀疑他会游泳。
Do you doubt that he can swim?你怀疑他会游泳吗?
说明:当谓语含有询问或怀疑之意,如doubt(怀疑),not sure(不确定)时,应用whetherif
引导的宾语从句。而do not doubtbelieve和疑问句中的doubt,则用that引导宾语从句。
句型:I’m not sure+whetherif...(我不确定……是否……)
I’m sure+that...(我相信……)
I’m not sure whetherif the news is true.我不能肯定这消息是否确切。
I’m not sure whetherif he can swim.我不确定他是否会游泳。
I’m sure that he can do it well.我相信他会把这件事做好的。
5.宾语从句中的虚拟语气
insist表示“坚持”和suggest表示“建议”时,它们后面可跟使用虚拟语气的宾语从句。
【请参照(虚拟语气)进行学习】
4.同位语从句
在主从复合句中,作同位语的是 一个从句,则这个句子就称为同位语从句。同位语从句由
连词that和whether、关系代词wh o和what或关系副词why和how等引导。连词that在
同位语从句中不担任任何成分,也没有 词义,但是不能省略。从意思上来讲,同位语从句
所表达的意思,就是与之同位的名词所表达的意思。

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与从句同位的名词通常是表示事实等的抽象名词
answer回答
fact事实
news消息
reply回答
belief信念
hope希望
order命令
thought想法
doubt怀疑
idea想法
question问题
rumour谣言
注意:具体名词,如pen,book等之后不能跟同位语从句。
The idea that we invited him yesterday is quite good.
昨天我们邀请了他,这个主意真是太好了。
The question whether we’ll go to see the film next Monday hasn’t been settled.
说明:whether引导同位语从句,有词义,不作成分,不能省略,也不能用if来代替。
下周一我们是否去看那部电影还未决定。
His question why the sky is blue is difficult to answer.
他问为什么天是蓝的,这令人很难回答。
The rumour that there’ll be an earthquake soon spread all over the area.(同位语从句)
说明:that引导的从句是抽象名词rumour的同位语从句,tha t无词义,不作成分,也不能省
略。
将要发生地震的谣言很快就在这一地区传开了。
The rumour is that there’ll be an earthquake.(表语从句)
谣言是将要发生地震了。
比较:试比较下面两个句子的正误。
(正)The idea (that) he told me yesterday is good.(定语从句)

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(误)The idea is that he told me yesterday.昨天他告诉我的那个主意太好了。
5.使用名词性从句需注意的事项
1.连词that的用法总结
that可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句中 。在这些从句中that只起连接作
用,在从句中不担任成分,本身没有词义。
that引导 主语从句和宾语从句时,往往用形式主语it或形式宾语it来替代,而把从句移到后
面。
重要:that在引导宾语从句时可以省略,引导其他从句时一律不能省略。
2.连接代词和连接副词的用法总结
连接代词(who,whom,whose,which ,what)除了起连接作用外,还在从句担任主语、
宾语、表语等成分。
连接副词(when,where,how,why)除了起连接作用外,还可在从句中作状语。 连接代词、连接副词在名词性从句中保留其疑问意义,同时在引导名词性从句时,前面没有
先行词( 这是与定语从句需区别的一点)。
重要:所有连接代词和连接副词在名词性从句中都不能省略。
3.名词性从句的语序和时态
所有的名词性从句中的语序都是陈述语序。
主语从句 、表语从句、同位语从句中的时态不受主句的限制,但宾语从句的时态要受主句的
限制(只限于在主句是 过去时态时)。
注意:需要特别注意insist,suggest后宾语从句的两种形式。
4.名词性从句中的虚拟语气
当主句中主语的中心名词、谓语、表语或宾语是表示命令、要求、建议、希望、必要等含义

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的词时,从句的谓语要用虚拟语气,即“(should)+动词原形”。
例外:wish后的宾语从句中虚拟语气构成例外。
It is right that one (should) speak well of the absent.不在背后诋毁人是对的。(主语从句)
It is very important that we (should) ask advice of other people.(主语从句)
重要的是我们应该征求他人的意见。
The order is that the work (should) be finished as soon as possible.(表语从句)
命令是要尽快完成这项工作。
I demand that John (should) go there at once.我要约翰马上去那儿。(宾语从句)
He advised that we (should) go home right now.他建议我们立刻回家。(宾语从句)
Joe made the suggestion that the meeting (should) be put off to the next week.(同位语从句)
乔提议会议推迟到下一周。
5.引导名词性从句的whether和if
r可以用于所有的名词性从句中,而if只用于宾语从句之中。两者都不能省略。
Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather.(主语从句)
足球比赛是否举行将视天气而定。
The question is whether you can do it yourself.(表语从句)
问题是你是否能亲自做这件事。
I’ll see whetherif she’s at home.(宾语从句)
我来看看她在不在家。
The question whether he should come himself or send another one hasn’t been decided.(同位语从
句)他亲自来还是派别人来这个问题还没定下来。

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B.在引导宾语从句(动词宾语从句)时,whether和if都可以和or not连用,但whether后可
直接跟or not,而if不能。
I don’t know whetherif I can come or not.
=I don't know whether or not I can come.
我不知道我是否能来。
He asked me whetherif she was coming.
=He asked me whetherif she was coming or not.
=He asked me whether or not she was coming.
他问我,她来还是不来。
比较:whether后可以接动词不定式,而if则不可以接。
Please tell us whether to go or stay here.请告诉我们是离开还是呆在这儿,
C.介词的宾语从句只能用whether引导。
We worried about whether he was in good health (or not).
我们担心他的身体是否健康。
It all depends on whether the weather is fine.
一切都取决于天气如何。
D.如果宾语从句是否定结构,则只能用if,而不能用whether。
I don’t care if he doesn’t show up.他来不来我都不在乎。
Dinner was almost over when Dan, still looking hungry,grinned and asked Dave if he wasn’t going
to have some bread.
晚饭快吃完时,丹看上去还没吃饱,于是他笑着问戴夫还要不要吃些面包。

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Common Mistakes(注意!失分陷阱!)
陷阱例题①
__________ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.【浙江高考】
one
r
句意提示:无论谁想呆在旅馆里都得自己付钱。
陷阱追击:本题考查由whoever引导的主语从句,在此句中whoever相当于anyone who,容
易误选A和D。
正确解析:whoever意为“无论是谁”,在本题中引导的是 一个主语从句,既起连接作用,
又在句子中作成分,因此正确答案为C。
陷阱例题②
__________ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.
【福建高考】


句意提示:众所周知,2008年奥运会将在北京举办。
陷阱追击:本题考察由which引导的从句作主语,即整个句子的主语是what is known to us all,
what在主语从句中作主语。本题容易误选A项和C项。it可以用作形式主语 放在句首,代
替主语从句,若用在本题中应去掉第二个is。as可以作为关系词。引导定语从句,用在 本题
中应为:As is known to us all,the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.
正确解析:通过句子分析结构可知本题中第二个is是系动词,其前是主语从句,其后是表

1 8


语从句。主语从句中缺少主语,因此需要选一个既能引导主 语从句的,同时又能在主语从句
中作成分的词。只有what符合题意,因此正确答案为B。
陷阱例题③
Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from __________
their parents speak at home.【浙江高考】


句意提示:一些孩子想学习一门不同于父母在家中所讲的语言来挑战自我。
陷阱追击:tha t和what都可以引导名词性从句,但that不在从句中作成分,而what既可以
起引导作用,又 在从句中作成分。此题容易误选B。
正确解析:通过分析句子结构可知本题考查介词宾语从句,fro m后面是一个宾语从句,宾
语从句中缺少一个引导宾语从句的引导词,同时这个词在宾语从句中作spe ak的宾语,因此
正确答案为A。that只起连接作用,不在从句中作成分;which意为“哪一个 ”,不符合题意;
one只能作代词,不能引导从句,因此排除B、C、D三项。

Final Check(实力测验)
1.选择填空
1.I don’t think the question of __________ they are old or young is important.
r

2.__________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the light.
person

1 9


r
want to know __________ do to help us.
can they they can
they can can they
photographs will show you __________.
does our village look like
does our village look like
you make sure __________ the gold ring?
Alice has put
Alice had put
and get your ’s __________ you left it.

where
one can be sure __________ in a million years.
man will look like
will look like what
asked __________ for the violin.
I pay how much
much did I pay
9.A:Do you remember __________ he came?
B:Yes,I came by car.

2 0

our village looks like
our village looks like
had Alice put
has Alice put

there
will man look like
look will man like
B.I paid how much
much I paid












can’t imagine __________ when they received these Christmas presents.
they were excited excited they were
excited were they were how excited
road is covered with snow.I can’t understand __________ they insist on going by
motorbike.
r

the flags on top of the building?That was __________ we did this morning.


remind me __________ he said he was going.I may be in time to see him off.


14.__________ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
one
r
15.__________ matters most in learning English is enough practice.



2 1


16.__________ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.

r
shoes look very good.I wonder __________.
much cost they are much do they lost
much they cost much are they cost
18.A:It’s thirty years since we last meet.
B:But I still remember the story,believe it or not,__________ we got lost on a rainy night.


s are to machines __________ hearts are to animals.


left word with my secretary __________ he would call again in the afternoon.


2.改错
you know that what time the train leaves?
______________________________________ _________________________________________
cousin said me that she was going to the East.
_________________________________________________ ______________________________

2 2


asked me when did I arrive.
______ __________________________________________________ _______________________
old army man told me that he had joined the army in 1948.
_________ __________________________________________________ ____________________
5.I doubt that he can speak French.
________________________________ _______________________________________________
nurse asked us for not to wake the patient. < br>_______________________________________________ ________________________________
assistant asked me if had I finished reading the article. ________________________________________________ _______________________________
football coach told we had played badly.
______________ __________________________________________________ _______________
want to make it clear to the public they do an important job.
_____________ __________________________________________________ ________________
10.I don’t understand what did you say.
_________________________________ ______________________________________________
r is he wrong or not doesn’t matter.
_____ __________________________________________________ ________________________
12.I admire that they won the match.
_______________________________ ________________________________________________
it that it will rain in the evening likely?

2 3


_____________________ __________________________________________________ ________
you tell me where is the railway station?
_____________________________________ __________________________________________
ts do not study hard is not a good thing.
_______ __________________________________________________ ______________________
the sports meet will be held depends on the weather.
______________ __________________________________________________ _______________
news came which our football team won.
____________________________________ ___________________________________________
did they hold the important meeting is unknown to us all.
______________________________________ _________________________________________
he failed in the examination occurred to him.
___ __________________________________________________ __________________________
20.I expect he won’t be back before Friday.
_________________ __________________________________________________ ____________



KEYS:
1.1-5 BCCBA 6-10 BADAB 11-15 ADBDA 16-20 BCBCB
2.1.删去that

2 4


me→said to me
did I arrive→when I arrived
had joined→he joined
→ifwhether
us for not to→asked us not to
had I→if I had
→said
do an important job→that they do an important job
did you say→what you said
r he is wrong or not doesn’t matter.→It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.
won the match→their winning the match
13.把likely移至that前
14.将is移至句尾
15.在句首加That,并将Students改为students
→Whether
→that
did they hold→Where they held
occurred to him that he failed in the examination.
20.I don’t expect (that) he will back before Friday.
解说:4.宾语从句的时态要与主句相呼应,这个句子中谈了两件事,即“告诉”和“ 参军”。
“参军”发生在“告诉”之前,用过去完成时似乎也有道理;但请注意时间词in 1948,据

2 5


此断定宾语从句的谓语动词只能用过去时。
一词作“怀疑”解,其后可接宾语 从句。当主句为肯定句时,宾语从句用whether
或if(是否)来引导;当主句为否定句或疑问句 时,宾语从句用that来引导。


2 6

屈光度-走读生什么意思


跌倒-trial是什么意思中文翻译


mistake的用法-放量滞涨是什么意思


密特朗-mess是什么意思


思无邪是什么意思-中考历史


下车是什么意思-据开头的成语


地点副词-随怎么写


扰-大专考研怎么考



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