名词性从句的复习总结归纳

名词性从句
Noun Clause
I 本章要点
1. 宾语从句
2. 主语从句
3. 表语从句
4. 同位语从句
II 名词性从句语法点分述
一、宾语从句
1. 引导宾语从句的连接词
a. that引导 (that可以省略)
? I know (that) most matter has three states（状态）.


?Attention?
宾语从句中that不可省略的情况
宾语从句that常可省略，但在以下情况下不能省略
1) 当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，可以省略第一个that，其他不能省
略。
? I believe (that) you have done your best and that things will get better.

2) 当it作形式宾语时
当宾语从句后跟有宾语补足语时，通常在宾语从句处使用形式宾语it，将真正的宾语从
句移至句末。
结构公式：主语+considerfindmakeregardthink+ it+宾补+ that +句子 to do sth
? She made it clear to her parents that she would learn to deal with various problems.


★小试身手★
1) 特朗普说得很清楚他想当总统。(make… clear)

2) 我们理所当然的认为父母应该爱我们一辈子。(take… for granted)

3) consider, we, it, should, that, with, importance, all, of, great, we, theory, combine, practice
（连词成句）


b. whether if引导
1) 在whether …… or not 的固定搭配中，不能用if。
? I don’t know whether he will study abroad or not.
2) 在介词后，只能用whether 和特殊疑问词，不能用if。
? His father is concerned about whether he will be kicked out of school.

?Attention?

if或whether引导的宾语从句时 ，虽具有疑问意义，但从句语序应用陈述句语序。在考
试中如果确定句子意思表示“是否”，则一定选择 用whether。


★小试身手★
1) I wonder ________ there’s any need to spend so much money on the party.
2) Some people believe ________ a monkey person is sociable.
3) She is worried about ________ she can get promoted.
4) Teacher told the students________ the sun________ (have) eight planets.

2. 连接代词以及连接副词引导
结构公式：
a. 连接代词：whowhom whosewhichwhat +陈述语序的句子
? I don’t know who [whom] you are talking about.
b. 连接副词：wherewhywhenhowhow many
等一切特殊疑问词+陈述语序的句子
? I don’t know why you are late.
★小试身手★
1) 只有小孩子知道自己在找什么。

2) Professor Nelson wanted to know ______.


A. when would the conference begin
B. When the conference would begin

C. when will the conference begin
D. when the conference will begin
3) I’m not sure ______.


A. what is the assignment of tomorrow
B. what the assignment for tomorrow is
C. what will the assignment for tomorrow be
D. what will be the assignment of tomorrow
3. 宾语从句连词总结
连词 说明 例句
I have serious reason to
believe that the planet is
the asteroid（小行星）
known as B-612.

1. 宾语从句用连词that, that没
that
有意义仅起连接作用。that 可
以省略。
who, whom, what,
which
2. 连接代词who, whom, what,
I gave up what might have
which，在宾语从句中做主要成
分。
3. 连接副词 how, when, where
在宾语从句中作次要成分。
if或whether在宾语从句中只
been a magnificent career
as a painter.
how, when, where
I don’t know where he is.
if或whether
起连接作用，不起语法作用，
当作“是否”讲。从句中有 or
not 结构时，要用 whether。
I do not know if (whether)
he will come.

4. 宾语从句的语序
宾语从句除个别情况外，全部使用陈述句语序。

1. I don't know what's the matter.
2. I don't know what's wrong.
3. I don't know what's on today.
4. I don't know which is the way to the cinema.
★小试身手★
1) Do you know__A___?
A. when the sports meeting will begin
C. when the sports meeting begin


B. when the sports meeting begins
D. when will begin the sports meeting
2) Will this sheep have to have a great deal of grass?
Do you think … (连接成宾语从句)


5. 宾语从句的时态
主句
现在时或将来时
宾语从句
时态一般不受主句的时态影响
a. 从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与
主句谓语动词动作同时发生；
b. 从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句
谓语动作之前；
c. 从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生
在主句谓语动作之后
过去时
★小试身手★

1) I don’t know if we each have a destiny, or if we’re all just floating around accidentally, like
on a breeze.

2) The scientist told the student that the sun ____________ round. (be)
3) I believe that the friendship between us _______ forever. (last)
4) I knew that our team _____________ (win) the competition.
5) Kate knows what John _____ now.


6. 宾语从句否定转移
主句主语人称 否定前移 例句
I don’t think the weather will be
better tomorrow, will it?
第一人称
Yes
I don’t believe he can finish the
task in an hour, can he?
She thought that film was not
interesting, didn’t she?
第二，第三人称
No
You think you can't get up early,
don’t you?
问主句
问从句
反义疑问句
A. does B. will do C. has done D. is doing
★小试身手★
1) We have to finish the work now.（反义疑问？______________）
2) You never told us why you were late for the meeting.（反义疑问？_____________）
3) Nacy, sweep the classroom, ______？
A. don’t you B. do you

C. will you D. doesn’t she
4) --He didn’t go to the lecture this morning, did he?
-- ______. Tough he was not feeling very well.
A. No, he didn’t
C. No, he did

7. 宾语从句和动词不定式转换类似
? I don’t know what I should do.=I don’t know what to do.
what to do with; how to deal with固定词组用法。
? I don’t know what I should do with this messy situation.
= I don’t know what to do with this messy situation.

★小试身手★
宾语从句和不定式转换练习：
1) I believe that he is an honest man.

(保持原句意思)










B. Yes, he did
D. Yes, he didn’t
I believe _____ to _____ an honest man.
(保持原句意思) 2) He expected to be forgiven.
He expected that he _____ _____ forgiven.
(保持原句意思) 3) He isn’t in the office now, I think.
I _____ _____ he _____ in the office.
4) He will pass the exam. We think it possible.
We think _____ _____ he will pass the exam.
(合并为一句)

二、主语从句
主语从句可以直接放在句首；也可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。

1. 主语从句的引导词
主语从句通常由连词that和whether、连接代词或连接副词引导。

a. that引导
? That a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife is a truth
universally acknowledged.(用it改写)


?Attention?
that引导的主语从句出现在句首时，that不可省略。

b. whether引导
? Whether chewing gum helps prevent tooth decay is unknown to me. (用it改写)


?Attention?
用whether 引导主语从句，而不用if。

c.
?
连接代词引导
所有值得做的事情都值得做好。

?Attention?
连接代词引导，不能用it改写
? Whoever leaves last turns off the light.


d. 连接副词引导
? doesn’t matter.
? was a mystery.

?Attention?
谓语动词一律用第三人称单数

e. what引导 (相当于中文的“的字结构”)，主谓一致问题“看后”
? What we have is knowledge, but what we need are chances.

★小试身手★
1) 沙漠之所以美丽，是因为在它的某个角落隐藏着一口井。


2. 主语从句与形式主语it
常见的用it作形式主语的复合结构：
结构 具体情况 中文

It is a pityshame that...
It is a surprise that…
It is a fact that…
1. It is + n.
It is common knowledge that …
可惜的是……
令人吃惊的是…
事实是…
…是常识
肯定…
adj. +that
It’s certain that…

It is possiblelikely that...
It is obviousclear that…
It is true that…
It is necessary important natural... that…
It happened that...
It occurred to me that…
It appearsseems that…
It turned out that…
很可能……
很明显…
的确…
碰巧……
我突然想起…
似乎，好像…
原来…
据说……
众所周知……
据报道……
据相信…；人们相信…
建议……
2. It +不及
物动词
+that

It is said that...
3. It + be +
过去分词
+从句
It is known to all that...
It is reported that...
It is believed that...
It is suggested that + (should)do...

★小试身手★
1) 纸是中国首先造出来的，这是事实。

2) 人类不可能受机器人的控制。

3) 我们以前似乎在哪儿见过。

4) 据报道，到目前为止，已经有91个孩子在洪水中失去了生命。


?Attention?
1) 主语从句中that位于句首时不可省略；但是如果主语从句放在后面，that可以省略。
? 水能够被用来发电是事实。


2) 主语从句放在前面只能用whether，而不能用if；但是如果主语从句放在后面 ，whether
和if都可以使用。
? 他是否能安然无恙的回来还是个问题。

三、表语从句
1. 表语从句的连接词
a. That连接表语从句，既没有含义也不在从句中担任成分。
? 人生值得欣慰（solace）之处便是，每一天都有结束的时候。今天亦不例外。


b. 从属连词whether, as, as if though 引导的表语从句，有含义，但在从句中不充当任何
成分。

? It seems as if the balloon is filled with helium（氦气）.


c.
?
because, why引导的表语从句，通常置于be动词之后的表语从句。
That is why global climate is becoming warmer and warmer.


d. 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever。连接副词
where, when, how, why 这些连词都既有含义也充当一定的句子成分。
? The most distant way in the world is not when I stand in front of you, you are not sure I love
you. It is when my love is bewildering（痴迷的） the soul, but I can’t speak it out.



e. 表语从句只用whether不用if表示“是否”。
? 问题是许多国家是否能够维护国家主权（state sovereignty）。


f.
?
当主语是reason时，表语从句的连接词用that。
我妈妈伤心的原因是丢了一个包，这个包里装了很多重要的文件。

四．同位语从句
1. 同位语从句的连接词

引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that，whether，连接代词和连接副词等。

a. that引导同位语从句

主句中有些词义比较抽象的名词, 如belief, doubt, evidence, idea, fact, hope, possibility,
thought等，可以用that引出的从句做同位语，叫做同位语从句 ，that不可以省略。That
从句的内容即为这个名词的内容，that在从句中不充当成分。


b. whether 可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句

2. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别
a. 意义的不同:
? We are glad at the news that he will come.
（ news的内容就是that he will come，故that引导的是同位语从句。 ）
? We are glad at the news that he told us.
（ that从句是限制the news的内容的，即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是


b. 引导词的功能上的不同：
that引导同位语从句时，它不充当句子成分，而引导定语从句时，它作为 关系代词，要
么充当定语从句的主语，要么充当定语从句的宾语。
? Today there is evidence that the resources of the sea are as seriously threatened as those of
the land.

? There is no doubt that Premier Wen Jiabao is an excellent leader.

他的news，故that从句为定语从句。 ）

五、名词性从句的注意事项
1. 语序问题
2. 连接词的选用问题
a. that, whether, if, as if都不作句子的任何成分。
因此，它们所引导的句子结构必须完整。that 一般用于确定的语气中，引导宾语从句时，
口语中的that可省略，而其他情况中的that一般不可省；而whether, if一般用于不确定
的语句中。如：
? That he learnt English before is certain.
他学过英语是肯定的。
? I don’t know whether if he will learn English.
我不知道他是否会学英语。
? He looks as if he knows English.
看起来他好像知道英语。

★小试身手★
1) It seems a perpetual（永恒的）rule that flops（失败）are produced elatedly（兴高采烈的）
and masterpieces painstakingly（辛苦的）.
2) This is where all dreams begin.
3) What we should care about is not where it’s headed but what we see and how we feel. I love
you not for who you are, but for who I am with you.
4) The news got around that the general manager would marry his secretary in the
still remains a mystery what he will assign for the class.

5) Happiness doesn’t depend on who you are or what you have; it depends solely on what you
think.
6) Please remember what you do now will decide your future directly.
7) What we anticipate seldom occurs; what we least expect generally happens.
8) You will never know what you will be.

III Review
一、选择题 (中考题型) ：
1. Do you think ______ an American film tomorrow?


A. is there











B. there's going to be
D. there's going to have C. will there be
2. What do you think ______ these young people so excited?
A. making B. to make C. makes D. that makes
3. --Where do you think ______ he ______ the computer?


--Sorry, I have no idea.
A. bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. does; buy
4. I was told ______ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computer.
A. that how B. how that C. when that D. that when
5. I want to know ______.


A. what is his name
C. that his name is










B. what's his name
D. what his name is
6. -- We never know ______ the old man is.

-- That say he is a teacher.
A. what B. who C. which D. where
7. Would you please tell me ______ next, Mr Wang?


A. what should we do
C. what we should do








B. we should do what
D. should we do what
8. They were all pleased with ______ them.


A. what you said
C. what you spoke










B. what did you say to
D. what you had told
9. Do you know ______ during the coming summer holiday?


A. what will Tom do
C. what Tom will do










B. what did Tom do
D. what Tom did
10. -- I don't know ______. Could you show me the way?



-- Certainly.
A. where the post office is



B. where is the post office
D. how can I get to the post office C. where I can get to the post office
11. I don't remember where ______ in the city when he was young.


A. did he work









B. he worked
D. he has worked C. he had worked
12. They asked me ______ during the May Day holidays.


A. where had I gone
C. where had I been










B. where I had been
D. where I had gone

13. Can you tell me ______? I'm his old friend.


A. where does Jim live
C. where Jim has gone








B. when will Jim come back
D. how is Jim
14. -I'm waiting for the mail. Do you know ______ it will arrive?


-Usually it comes by 4:00.
A. how B. when C. where D. what
15. - Do you know ______?



- Next year.
A. when he came here
C. when he will come








B. when did he come here
D. when will he come here
16. -- Do you know ______?



--They moved here soon after their son was born.
A. when would the Green move here
C. the Greens would moved here


B. when the Greens moved here
D. when the Greens would move here
17. Could you tell me ______?


A. when will Tom come back
C. when Tom will come back






B. when does Tom come back
D. when Tom comes back
18. -- I really want to know ______ Li Lei is.


-- It is said that he is much better these days.
A. what B. how C. where D. who
19. -- Do you know ______?

-- Yes, I do. She came here on foot.
A. where Kate came from
C. when Kate comes here








B. how Kate came here
D. why Kate didn't come here
20. Could you tell me ______ the bike without any help this morning?



二、按要求改写句子，每空限填一词。
1. The girl wondered where she would meet her friends the next morning. (改为简单句)
The girl wondered__________ __________meet her friends the next morning.
2. John asked, “Can you look after my pet dog while I’m away?” (合成宾语从句)
John asked __________I __________look after his pet dog while he was away.
3. English isn’t difficult to learn. I think so. (合并为一句)
I _____ think that English _____ difficult to learn.
A. how does he mend
C. how he mended










B. how he mends
D. how did he mend
4. She knows that I’ve sold this house. (改为反义疑问句)
She knows that I’ve sold this house, _____ _____？
5. I think she will succeed. (改为反义疑问句)
I think she will succeed, _____ _____?
6. Granny doesn’t believe that I did anything wrong that morning. (改为反义疑问句)
Granny doesn’t believe that I did anything wrong that morning, _____ _____?
7. I don’t suppose it will rain. (改为反义疑问句)

I don’t suppose it will rain, _____ _____?
8. I believe that he is an honest man. (保持原句意思)
I believe _____ to _____ an honest man.
9. We believe that the story is true. (保持原句意思)
The story _____ _____ to be true.
10. He expected to be forgiven. (保持原句意思)


三、翻译下列句子
1. 运动会这个星期或是下星期开都没有关系

2. 我们现在做的以前从来没有做过。

3. 你能告诉我这本字典是属于谁的吗？

4. 我为什么迟到的原因是我在半路上遇到塞车了。

5. 你们的任务是在六点钟以前想尽一切办法找些吃的回来,否则，今晚我们就得挨饿。

6. 你想象不到他们在收到这份精美的礼物时有多么激动。


He expected that he _____ _____ forgiven.