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[考题1]The photographs will show you______. <
br>解题思路:根据引导词在从句中作介词like的宾语,所以不能用副词how,排
除C、D,而
A项用了疑问句的语序,故选B项。
答案:B
易错警示:在陈述句中,简单疑问句作宾语从句时,用陈述语序。
[考题2]He
asked______ for a violin.
A. did I pay
how much B. I paid how much
C. how much did
I pay D. how much I paid
答案:D
(二)用it代替主语从句或宾语从句
为了使句子保持平衡,常用先行词it来代替主语从
句或宾语从句,而把主语从
句或宾语从句放在后面,尤其是连词that引导的主语从句常用于此种句式
中,
但what, whatever, whoever,
whichever引导的主语从句一般不后置。
[考题3]I hate______ when
people talk with their mouths full.
A. it
B. that C. these D. them
解题思路:此题考查了it作先行
词代替宾语从句,而把宾语从句放在句末,其
他人称代词或指示代词都不能代替从句。
答案:A
易错警示:考生如果不仔细,很容易错选B。
(三)关联词的区分
名词性从句中关联词的选择是非常重要的,所以在高考中更多的是考查关联词的
选择
问题,而在关联词的选择中,主要侧重以下几个方面的检测。
1.
whether和if的区别以及whether, if和that的区别。
Whether和if
在引导宾语从句时一般可以通用,但在引导主语从句、表语从句、
同位语从句、介词后面的宾语从句时只
能用whether, 不能用if; whether, if
引导的名词转化而来的,含有疑问意义
,而that引导的从句是由陈述句转化而
来的,不含有疑问意义。
[考题4]What
the doctors really doubt is______ my mother will
recover
from the serous disease soon.
A. when B. how C. whether D. why
解题思路:这
是一个表语从句。根据doubt一词可知,所怀疑的应是是否能治好
病,所以要填whether.
这句话的意思是“医生真的怀疑我妈妈是是否能很快从
重病中恢复过来”。
答案:C
易错警示:易错选B,注意文中表达的是“是否”之意,而非“怎样”。
2.
that从句与wh-从句的区别:
That
连词在从句中不作成分,不含有疑问意义,而wh-连词在从句中作成
分,且含有疑问意义。
[考题5]______ we can’t get seems better
than_____ we have.
A. What; what B.
What; that C. That; that D. That; what
解
题思路:此题考查了两个名词性从句,因为从句中都缺宾语,所以都应选what
不选,that,
that在引导名词性从句时不作成分。
答案:A
易错警示:这里把what和that的区别显示得很清楚,考生应牢记。
[考题6]--Do you remember______ he came?
--Yes, I do. He came by car.
A.
how B. when C. that D. if
解题思路:根据答语He
came by car. 可知,问句应是提问方式,所以选择A
项how.
答案:A
易错警示:当问及方式、方法、怎样的,应用how.
3. what, which,
who, when, where, how等引导的名词性从句与whatever,
whichever, whoever, whenever, wherever,
however等引导的名词性从句的区
别:
后者引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义,相当
于名词后加一个定语从句而前者
引导的名词性从句都含有疑问意义。Who whom,
whoever whomever
的选择,
要看关联词在从句中是作主语还是作宾语而定,如果在从句中作主语只能选用
who
whoever, 作宾语时用whom whomever.
[考题7]It is
generally considered unwise to give a child______
he or
she wants.
A. however B.
whatever C. whichever D. whenever
解题思路:根据句意可以看出后面的从句应是一个宾语从句,而从句中wants 缺
少宾语,
排除A和D,whichever表示“无论哪一个,无论哪些”,应表示一定
范围内的人或物,此处没
有涉及事物的范围,所以应选B项whatever,表示“无
论什么”。
答案:B
易错警示:however无论如何。
[考题8]_____ leaves the
room lat ought to turn off the lights.
A.
Anyone B The person C. Whoever D Who
解题
思路:此题不含有疑问意义,所以用whoever引导主语从句,强调“无论
谁”。Whoever在
从句中作主语。
答案:C
易错警示:如选B,则应将leaves改为leaving.
4. who, what, which, how, when, where
之间的词义区别以及whoever,
whatever, whichever,
however, whenever, wherever等之间的词义区别。
这主要从两个方面来区分:一是分析句子结构,看其在从句中作什么成分;二是
理清其在句中的含义。
[考题9]A computer can only do_______ your have
instructed it to do.
A. how B. after
C. what D. when
解题思路:根据语境,此处应选一个宾语从句作do的宾语,因为宾语从句中to
do
后面缺少宾语,所以应选C项what. 这句话的意思是“计算机只能做你指示
它做的事情”。
答案:C
易错警示:只有what和whatever才有这样的双重身份,能作引导词同时
也作宾
语从句中的宾语部分。
[考题10]I read about it in
some book or other, does it matter______
it
was?
A. where B. what C. how
D. which
解题思路:这是一个主语从句。主语从句中缺少表语。从上句的意思分析,应是哪本书以要填which,
这句话的意思是“我在某书中读到过有关这方面的内容,
是哪一本书重要吗?”
答案:D
易错警示:易错选B. matter 是不及物动词,不能直接接what.
[考题11]--I drove to Zhuhai for the air show
last week.
--Is that______ you had a few
days off?
A. why B. when C.
what D. where
解题思路:根据上句提供的语,下句应该问“那就是你为什么离开几天的原因
吗?”所以选A.
why引导的表语从句。
答案:A
易错警示:have a day off请一天假。
[考题12] I still remember______ this used to be
a quiet place.
A. when B. how C.
where D. what
解题思路:本题考查宾语从句。根据从句中缺少的句子成分是状语,排除D项
what, 而B
、C句意不通,所以应选A项when.本句的意思是“我仍然记得这里
在什么时候是个宁静的地方”。
答案:A
易错警示:used to be过去常常是。
[考题13]Go
and get your coat. It’s______ you left it.
A. where B. there C. there where D. where
there
解题思路:本题考查了where引导表语从句的用法。
答案:A
易
错警示:考生容易误选C,把where看成关系副词引导定语从句。但是there
是副词,不能有定
语从句修饰。
5. whatever, whichever, whoever,
whenever, wherever, however等与no
matter what,
no matter which, no matter who, no matter when, no
matter
where, no how的区别。
前者既可以引导名词性从句,也可以引导让步状语从句,而no
matter加疑
问词只能引导让步状语从句。
[考题14]Sarah hopes to
become a friend of______ shares her interests.
A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D.
no matter who
解题思路:no matter
加疑问词只能引导状语从句,不能引导词性从句,排除
D,
而此处关联词在引导的从句中作主语,所以不选B,应该选C项whoever.
答案:C
易错警示:whomever只能在人句中作宾语。
[考题15]_____ much
advice I gave him, he did exactly what he wanted
to do.
A. How B. Whatever C.
However D. No matter
解题思路:这是一个让步状语从句。这句话的意思是
:“无论我给他多少劝告,
他却完全按他所想的去做”。不能填how,因为how只能引导名词性从句
,不能
引导让步状语从句,此处however相当于no matter how引导让步状语从句。
答案:C
易错警示:advice是不可数名词,考生在做此题时要留心。
另外,在名词生从句的复习过程中,我们还须特别注意以下问题:
1. 主语从句
whatever, whoever, whichever引导的主语从句的区别。
whatever相当于anything that,
是what的强调形式,表示“无论什么”。
例如:
Whatever she
does is ridiculous.
whoever 相当于anyone who,
是who的强调形式,表示“无论谁;任何??????
的人”。例如:
Whoever
walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a
cold.
whichever“无论哪个;无论哪些”既指人,也指物;可以单独使用,可以修
饰名词,也可以后跟of短语。例如:
Whichever of us
fulfils his task first will lend a hand to others.
Whichever book you borrow doesn’t matter to
us.
2. 表语从句
Reason后面的表语从句只能用that引导,不
能用why引导,但reason
后面的定语从句可以用why或者that引导。例如:
The reason why we didn’t trust him is that he has
often lied.
3. 同位语从句
(1)能跟同位语从句的名词
idea, fact, news, hope,
belief, thought, doubt等名词后面,可
以跟that或者连接代词、连接副词
引导的同位语从句。同位语从句只是对前面
的名词进一步的解释,说明前面的名词的具体含义。例如:
We are surprised at the fact that the
children did it on their
own.
They
expressed the hope that we would go and visit
Germany again.
(2)同位语从句和定语从句的区别:
that 作为关系代词,可以引导定语从句,充当句子成分,在从句中宾
语时可以省略;that
引导同位语从句时,起连词的作用,没有实际意义,不充
当句子成分,一般不能省略。
The suggestion (that) he raised at the meeting is
very good. (that
引导定语从句,作宾语,可以省略)
The suggestion that the students (should) have
plenty of exercise
is very good. (that引导同位语从句)
I had no idea that you were here.
(that引导同位语从句,不能省
略)
Have you got the
idea(that) this book gives you of life in ancient
Greece?(that引导定语 从句,作宾语,可以省略)