高考英语名词性从句要点难点讲解

高考英语名词性从句要点难点讲解

一、知识框架


二、知识点梳理
（一）

名词性从句主要用法梳理


? 主语从句
1．主语从句的引导词
只起连接作用，不在从句中
作成分
连接词 that，whether，if
连接代
词
what，who，whom，which，
在从句中作主语、宾 语、表
whichever，whatever，
语或定语
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whoever
连接副
词
when，where，how，why 在从句中作状语
Your support is important to our er you can do helps.
你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你能做的任何事情都会对我们
有所帮助。
How we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
我们如何理解事情与我们所感受到的有很大关系。
Where Li Bai，a great Chinese poet，was born is known to the
public，but some won't accept it.
李白，中国伟大的诗人，出生的地方人人皆知，但是有些人对
此并不接受。
The limits of a person's intelligence，generally speaking，are fixed
at birth，but whether he reaches these limits will depend on his
environment.
通常来说，一个人智力上的极限从一出生就确定了，但他是否能够达到极限取决于他所处的环境。
易错警示
(1)that引导主语从句时一般不省略。
(2)当主语从句位于句首时，常用whether引导，而不用if。
2．形式主语

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it作形式主语的常见句型：
(1)It＋be＋形容词(necessarylikely importantcertain等)＋that从
句
(2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pitya shameno wonder等)＋that从句
(3)It＋be＋过去分词(saidtoldreported等)＋that从句
(4 )It＋不及物动词(seem，appear，happen，matter等)＋that从
句
It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about，
although about two thousand patients have taken it.
尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样
的副作用还不清楚。
It doesn't matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this
store.
在这个商店里你用现金支付还是信用卡支付都没有关系。
易错警示
当it作形式主 语，主语从句放在句末时，用if或whether引导均可，
但如果被后置的主语从句中引导词后接o r not时，只能用whether。

? 宾语从句
1．宾语从句的引导词

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连接词 that，whether，if
what，who，whom，
which，whiche ver，
whatever，whoever
when，where，how，
why
只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分
连接代
词
在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定
语
连接副
词
在从句中作状语
She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library，and
I admitted that I hadn't.
她问我是否把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。
Our teacher always tell us to believe in what we do and who we
are if we want to succeed.
我们的老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想成功的话，就要相信我
们所做的事情以及我们自己。
易错警示
(1)that引导宾语从句时，常被省去，但下列情况下不能省略：①动词
后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略，其余的
不可省略；②宾语从句前 有插入语时；③that引导的从句位于句首时。
(2)一般情况下介词后只能用wh- 类连接词引导宾语从句。介词后的宾
语从句，连接词表示“是否”时，只用whether，不用if。
2．形式宾语
宾语一般放在及物动词或介词之后，但是，在下列情况下，须
用it作 形式宾语，而将真正的宾语(常为不定式从句)后置。

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(1)动词findfeelthinkconsidermake＋it＋ 宾补(形容词或名词)
＋不定式从句
(2)动词hate like dislike appreciateenjoy＋it＋从句
(3)短语动词see to depend onrely on＋it＋从句
(4)固定搭配take it for granted thatowe it to ＋从句
No matter where he is，he makes it a rule to go for a walk before
breakfast.
无论他在哪里，他都定了一个规矩——早餐前散步。
I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.
你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。
I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.
我认为我们每天多喝白开水是有必要的。
3．宾语从句的时态 一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致，即当主句是
一般现在时时，从句可根据具体情况选 用合适的时态；当主句
为过去的某种时态时，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从
句的内容为 真理或客观事实时，须用一般现在时。
? 表语从句
1．表语从句的引导词
连接词

that，whether
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只起连接作用，不在从

句中作成分
what，who，whom，
连接代词 which，whichever，
whatever，whoever
在从句中作主语、宾
语、表语或定语
连接副词 when，where，how，why 在从句中作状语
The most important result for the user is that the product does
what is intended.
对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。
This is where we usually think it's easier to just give up.
这就是我们通常认为更容易放弃的地方。
易错警示
if不能引导表语从句；that引导表语从句时不能省略。
2．as ifas though引导表语从句
as ifas though意为“好像，仿佛”，引导的表语从句常跟 在系动
词(如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel，smell等 )之后。
若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述
的是事实或是极可能发生 的情况，从句用陈述语气。
The thick smog covered the whole was as if a great black
blanket had been thrown over it.
厚重的烟雾覆盖着整个城市，好像把一个厚厚的黑色的毯子扔
到它的上面。

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3．其他常考的表语从句
(1)This That It is why＋表语从句(表结果)“这那就是……的原
因”
(2)This That It is because＋表语从句(表原因)“这那是因
为……”
(3)The reason why...is that＋表语从句“……的原因是……”
From space，the earth looks is because about seventy- one
percent of its surface is covered by water.
从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面约百分之七十
一都被水覆盖着。

? 同位语从句

同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，位于该名词之 后，用
以说明该名词的具体内容。常见同位语从句的名词：advice，conclusion，doubt，fact，hope，idea，news，promise，question，sugge stion，thought，
truth，wish，word等。引导同位语从句的引导词：tha t，whether，how，
where，when，why等。
The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an
is too much work to do.
经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。

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易错警示
that引导同位语从句和定语从句的区别： that引导定语从句时，that
既起引导词的作用，又在从句中充当句子成分；如果在从句中作宾语
that还可以省略，所修饰的名词指物时可用which替换。引导同位语
从句时，that 在从句中不充当任何句子成分，不能省略。


[技法点拨]
名词性从句与语法填空
1．首先确定空格处所在从句是否为名词性从句。然后分析从句在整< br>个句中所充当的成分，确定从句所属类型：主语从句、宾语从
句、表语从句还是同位语从句。
2．判断从句中的连接词。
(1)若从句不缺少成分则要考虑句意是否完整，若句意不完整，
则需用whetherif；若句意完整，则用that。
(2)若从句缺少主、宾或表语，则用连接代词。
(3)若从句缺少状语，则用连接副词。
另外，还需注意一些特殊的引导词(如whether，because，as if 等)
的用法。


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（二）高考高频词汇精选背诵（F字母）

1. facility
5. faint
9. fascinate
13. feasible
17. feature
21. fierce
25. figure
29. financial
33. flexible
37. forbid


巩固练习
? 单句语法填空
1．Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street，not knowing
________ she was heading.
2．The notice came around two in the afternoon__________ the meeting

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2. fetch
6. fortune
10. foundation
14. frequent
18. frustrate
22. fulfil
26. function
30. fund
34. fundamental
38. furthermore
3. fade
7. fabulous
11. fantastic
15. flavour
19. furnish
23. feedback
27. feast
31. fatal
35. fancy
39. flee
4. float
8. fake
12. fling
16. flatter
20. forum
24. faculty
28. flourish
32. fragile
36. famine
40. fatigue

would be postponed.
3．It is often the case ___________ anything is possible for those who
hang on to hope.
4．Richard swims three times a week after is_________ he
keeps fit.
5．Since there is only one laboratory in the school，it is important to check
_____ the students can use it.
6．It is obvious ______ the local government can do to protect the
environment for the next generations.
7．However dark the road ahead is，always keep your head up to the sky
because that's ____ your dreams lie.
8．The fact has worried many scientists_______ the earth is becoming
warmer and warmer these years.
9．________ there are living creatures in the outer space as those on Earth
hasn't been proved until now.
10．Every year, ________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize
in the Kite Festival.
11．It is said________ he is focusing on a book on space
______it will come out remains up in the air.
12．When I walked on the street, I wanted to say_________ clean the
streets were.
13．I don't doubt_______ the plan is practical，but I doubt ______he will
stick to the plan until it's finished.

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14．The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is_______ one can be
entirely free from dust.
15．“Every time you eat a sweet，drink green tea.” This is _______ my
mother used to tell me.
16．The question occurred to me _______ we should go to get the car
were in the middle of the forest at that time.
17._______ will come to help with my English hasn't been decided.
18. One of the main reasons for this is _______ teachers work too hard
but get too little.
19. We have offered him the position，but I don't have the slightest idea
________ he will accept it.
20. The question occurred to me________ we should go to get the car
repaired. We were in the middle of the forest at that time.

答案： 2. that 3. that 4. how 6.
what 7. where 8. that
9. Whether 10,whoever 11. that; when 12. how 13.
that; whetherif
14. that 15. what 16. where
r 20. that


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? 高考核心词汇检测
1. is important in sport, but of at least equal importance are
skills.
B. Fake C. Fitness
r
2. On New Year's Eve, New York City holds an outdoor _________
which attracts a crowd of people.
A. affair B. facility C. fiction D.
event
3. your help, I believe I will be able to __________this difficult
mathematics problem.
A. figure out B. end up with C. be fed up with
D. be familiar with
4. The cause of the accident may have been the engine's ________to
operate.
A. fault B. failure C. inconvenience
D. disorder
5. A driver is asked to keep his safety belt ________ while driving on
the freeway.

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A. fixed B. folded C. fastened D.
furnished
6. Pop music is loved by lots of people, but it is not to everyone’s
_____.
A. smell B. favour C. sound D.
taste
7. See what I look like now! Why not take up exercise to improve your
________.
A. fancy B. form C. shadow D. figure
8. Because of _______ competition, prices of food are likely to drop.
A. federal B. fierce C. fair D.
fundamental
9. Green products are becoming more and more popular because they
are environmentally _______.
A. friendly B. fully C. financially D. fatally
10. In 2005, tsunami struck Southeast Asia, and it is quite difficult to
_________ the losses.
A. figure out B. make out C. fill in
fall behind

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D.

11. Alfred Nobel, a Swedish chemist, left more than 9 million dollars of
his ______ to found the Nobel Prizes. A. fortune B. value
C. fund D. income
12. She wanted to ______ the model competition, which was strongly
opposed by her parents.
A. engage in B. enter for C. focus on D.
fall off
13. His executive position and qualifications ______ him to a higher
salary.
A. entitled B. elected C. fascinated D.
forced
14. He went into the room on tiptoe ______ waking up the sleeping child.
A. in favour of B. in face of C. for fear of D. in
the form of
15. He ______ that it would take a lot of time to do this job.
A. foresaw B. fled C. fulfiled D. fetched

答案：
1~5 CDABC 6~10 DDBAA 11~15 ABACA

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