新高考英语词汇语法专题20：名词性从句易错点解题方法

新高考英语词汇语法 专题20 名词性从句易错点解题方法
在复合句中起名词作用的 从句叫做名词性从句。包含4类从句：主语从句；表语从句；宾语从句；同
位语从句。高考考点主要是： 1.从句引导词的选择；2.从句的语序；3.从句的时态和主句时态及数的一致。
在名词性从句中一律用陈述句的语序，即使从句表达的是疑问含义。
1. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _______ he said meant.
A. that
【答案】D.
【解析】可能误选B。许多同学一看选项首先就排除了C和D，认为这样两个“ 引导词”叠用的情况不太可能。
在A和B两个选项中，选项A肯定不行，因为它引导宾语从句时不能充当 句子成分，所以便选择了B。
正确答案选 D。第一个what 用作动词 meant 的宾语，第二个what 用作动词 said 的宾语，即在 none
of us understood what what he said meant 中，none of us understood 为主句，what what he said meant 为宾
语从句，而在此宾语从句中又包括有 what he said 这样一个主语从句。上句= She was so angry and spoke so
fast that none of us understood what he said.= She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood
what the thing that he said meant .
2. After _______ had happened he could not continue to work there.
A. Which
【答案】C.
【解析】可能误选A。最佳答案选 C。有的同学误选A，是因为认为介词后应接关系代词 which，但实
际上，若填关系代词，其前没有先行词，这不是一个定语从句。另外，由于 had happened 缺主语，所以B
和D也不能选。
3．“Is ______ you want to say?” asked the teacher.
A. this B. that
D. that all
B. how C. what D. having
B. what C. that that D. what what
C. all that
【答案】D.
【解析】根据中文字面意思误选A或B。最佳答案选 D。假若选A或B，那么转换成陈述句即为：This is you
want to say. That is you want to say. 显然句中的两个谓语动词 is与want相冲突。选D组成的句子是 Is that
all you want to say? 其中的that 为句子主语，all 为表语，you want to say 为定语从句，用以修饰all。
4. “When ______ leave for Japan?” “When ______ leave for Japan is kept secret.”
A. they will, will they B. will they, they will

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C. they will, they will
【答案】B.
D. will they, will they
【解析】可能误选D，认为 when 后应用疑问句词序。最佳答案选 B。第一个when引出的是一个特殊疑问
句，故用疑问词序；第二个 when 引出的是主语从句，故其后用陈述句词序。
5. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ____.
A. who is he B. who he is
C. who is it D. who it is
【答案】D.
【解析】几个干扰项均有可能误选。此题最佳答案为D。首先可以排除A和C， 因为空格处实为一个宾语从
句，所以不能用疑问句词序。另一方面，按英语习惯，当用于指代身份不明的 人时，要用代词it，而不用 he
或she等。比较以下两句：
Mr Smith is at the door. He wants to see you. 史密斯先生在门口，他想见你。
Someone is at the door. It may be the postman. 有个人在门口，可能是邮递员。
第一句因前面指明了是 Mr Smith，所以后面用代词 he；而第二句因前面用的是不定代词 someone，说明
此人身份尚不明确，故其后用了代词 it 来指代。
6. Don’t you know, my dear friend, ______ it is your money not you that she loves?
A. who B. which C. that
【答案】C.
【解析】此题容易误选 A或B：选 A 的同学认为这是指人的，故用who；选B的同学认为这是非 限制性定
语从句，两者都是误认为这是定语从句(注意没有先行词)。其实答案应选C。that引导的 是一个宾语从句，
用作动词 know 的宾语，它只是被句中的插入语 my dear friend 隔开罢了。
7. Everyone knows, perhaps except you, _______ your girl-friend is a cheat.
A. who B. which C. that D. what
【答案】C.
【解析】 that 引导宾语从句.
8. I think, though I could be mistaken, ______ she liked me.
A. who B. which C. that D. what
【答案】C.
【解析】 that 引导宾语从句.
9. He told me the news, believe it or not, ______ he had earned $$1 000 in a single day.

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D. what

A. as B. which C. that D. because
【答案】C.
【解析】 that同位语从句,说明the news的内容，而不是非限定性定语从句。
10. I will give the book to _____ wants to read it.
A. whoever B. whomever
C. who D. whom
【答案】A.
【解析】 译文: 我将把这本书给那些想读它的人。whoever在名词 性从句中作主语,整个从句做介词to的
宾语。此处可用anyone who来替换。
11. ____ was known to us all that Bob had broken his promise ____ he would give us a rise.
A. As; which B. What; that
C. It; that D. It; which
【答案】C.
【解析】 译文: 众所周知，Bob违背了他要给我们涨工资的许诺。
此处It为形式主语,第一个that引导主语从句,第二个that引导同位语从句。
12._______ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.
A. What B. That
C. The fact D. The matter
【答案】A.
【解析】 译文: 他在会上所说的话使在场的人都感到惊讶。
主句中差主语，同时从句中差宾语用what引导主语从句。
13. I’m pleased ______ should be done has already been done.
A. with what B. that that
C. by that D. that what
【答案】D.
【解析】 译文: 该做的已经做完了，对此我感到满意。
that引导一个宾语从句，但不在从句中充当成分；wha t引导一个名词性从句，在主句中充当主语同时在从
句中充当宾语。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. They lost their way in the forest, and _______ made matters worse was that night began to fall.

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A. it B. which
C. that D. what
【答案】D.
【解析】 选D。what made matters worse 是主语从句(注意其后有谓语动词was)，相当于 the thing that made
matters worse。
2. Patience is a kind of quality — and that is ___A___ it takes to do anything well.
A. what B. which
C. which D. how
【答案】A.
【解析】 选A。what 引导的是表语从句，相当于 the thing that it takes to do anything well。
3. It has come to my notice _______ some of you have missed classes.
A. what B. which
C. that D. when
【答案】C.
【解析】 选C。that 引导的是一个主语从句，句首的it为形式主语。
4. “What were you trying to prove to the police?” “___ I was last night.”
A. That B. When
C. Where D. What
【答案】C.
【解析】 选 C。答句为省略句，其完整形式为 I was trying to prove to the police where I was last night，在此
where 引导的是一个宾语从句。
5. Country life gives him peace and quiet, which is ______ he can’t enjoy while living in big cities.
A. That B. why
D. what
【答案】D.
【解析】 选D。what 引导的是表语从句，what 在此相当于 the things that。

6. It is pretty well understood _______ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.
A. that B. when
C. What D. how

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【答案】C.
【解析】 选 C。句首的 it 是形式主语， 空格处所填词用于引导主语从句。由于该主语从句中又缺主语，
故排除A、B、D。（注意：不能选 A，因为 that 引导名词性从句时不能充当句子成分）
7. _______ she couldn’t understand was ______ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.
A. What; why B. That; what
C. What; because D. Why; that
【答案】A.
【解析】 选 A。第一空填 what，是因为该主语从句中的动词 understand 缺宾语；why 和 because 均可
引导表语从句，其区别是： why 引导表语从句强调结果，because 引导表语从句强调原因。句中空格后文
表明的是结果，故用 why。
8. _______ we are doing has never been done before.
A. That B. What
C. Which D. Whether
【答案】B.
【解析】 选 B。what 在此引导主语从句且在从句作宾语，它相当于 the thing that。
9. People have heard _______ the President has said; they are waiting to see _______ he will do.
A. how, how B. what, what
C. when, how D. that, what
【答案】B.
【解析】 选B。两空均填 what，均用于引导宾语从句，因为两个宾语从句中的动词 said 和do 均缺宾语，
而在各个选项中只有 what 可用作宾语。
10. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey
exactly _______ he wants.
A. what B. which
C. when D. that
【答案】A.
【解析】 选 A。what 引导宾语从句。由于动词 wants 缺宾语，所以填 what。句意是：当你找工作面试
回答问题时，请记住这条黄金定律：永远给予对方确实想要的东西。
11. These wild flowers are so special I would do _______ I can to save them.
A. whatever B. that

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C. which D. whichever
【答案】A.
【解析】 选 A。I can to save them 为 I can do to save them 之略，此句中的 do 缺宾语，故选 whatever。
12. _______ she was invited to the ball made her very happy.
A. What B. That
C. When D. Because
【答案】B.
【解析】 选 B。that 在此引导主语从句，无词义，也不充当句子成分。注意不要根据中文意思选 D，因为
because 不用于引导主语从句。
13. Eat ______ cake you like and leave the others for ______ comes in late.
A. any, who B. every, whoever
C. whichever, whoever D. either, whoever
【答案】C.
【解析】 选 C。两个空格处均为引导宾语从句的引导词，而四个选项中两者可引导宾语从句的只有 C。
14. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _______ I got wet through.
A. It’s the reason B. That’s why
C. There’s why D. That’s because
【答案】B.
【解析】 选 B。比较 That’s why… 与 That’s because…：前者用于强调结果，后者用于强调原因。如下面一
题选 D：That’s why…难怪；That’s because…：那是因为。。。
15. ____ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
A. Who B. The one
C. Anyone
【答案】D.
【解析】 选 D。由 is worth praising 这一谓语可知前面是主语从句，排除不能引导从句的 B 项和 C 项；
whoever 引导主语从句表示“任何……的人”，在此它相当于 anyone who。
16. _______ medicine works in a human body is a question _______ not everyone can understand fully.
A. How; that B. That; which
C. That; which
【答案】A.

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D. Whoever
D. What; that

【解析】 选 A。how 引导主语从句，that 引导同位语从句。That在同位语从句中不做成份。




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