2020年4月全国英语翻译自考试题及答案解析

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全国2019年4月高等教育自学考试
英语翻译试题
课程代码：00087
Ⅰ. Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)
A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions
marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent of the original in
terms of meaning and expressiveness.
1. Almost all the TV viewers were deeply impressed by Titanic’s huge mass and her ruined
splendor of a lost age.
A. 泰坦尼克号的庞大以及她那昔日辉煌的残毁，给几乎所有的电视观众都留下了十分深刻
的印象。
B. 泰坦尼克号船体庞大，虽已损毁，昔日丰采犹存，给几乎所有的电视观众都留下了深刻
的印象。
C. 泰坦尼克号无比庞大，往日荣光业已荡然无存，给几乎所有的电视观众都留下了深刻的
印象。
D. 泰坦尼克号的庞大船体以及她那失去的昔日光辉，给几乎所有的电视观众都留下了深刻
的印象。
2. A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control of insects is available.
A. 使用化学方法控制昆虫除外，其它有效方法也可使用。
B. 除了不用化学方法控制昆虫外，应该还有其它方法可以使用。
C. 除了使用化学方法控制昆虫以外，还有其它各种奇妙的方法可以使用。
D. 控制昆虫的方法很多，使用化学方法只不过是其中之一也可使用。
3. We talked of our plans to wed and start a family, once we were settled in Los Angeles, and we
listened to the rain.
A. 我们打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚，就结婚，开始新的生活。我们议论着，外头还下着雨。
B. 一旦在洛杉矶落住脚，我们就打算结婚，开始新的生活。我们议论着，还听着外头的雨
声。
C. 我们打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚，就结婚，组织家庭。我们一面议论，一面听着外头的雨
声。
D. 一旦在洛杉矶落住脚，我们就打算结婚，建立家庭。我们一面议论着，而且一面听着外
头的雨声。
4. I felt approaching footsteps. I stretched out my hand as I supposed to my mother.
A. 我感到有人走近，于是伸出了手，以为是把手伸向母亲。
B. 我感到有人走近，我就伸出了手，因为我在等我的母亲。
C. 我感到有人向我走来，我想那是我母亲，她把手伸向我。
D. 我感到有人向我走来，我想那是我母亲，她伸手搂抱我。
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5. Brindley worked, for example, to improve the grinding of flints, which were used in the rising
pottery industry.
A. 为了改进例如燧石的研磨过程，布林德雷努力工作着，燧石是新兴陶瓷工业的常用材料。
B. 例如，布林德雷努力改进新兴陶瓷工业常用材料的研磨过程——燧石。
C. 例如，布林德雷努力改进燧石的研磨过程，燧石是新兴陶瓷工业使用的材料。
D. 布林德雷努力改进例如燧石的研磨过程，燧石是新兴陶瓷工业使用的材料。
6. 他耷拉着脑袋坐在床边上。
A. He sat on the edge of the bed, his head lowered.
B. He was sitting on the edge of the bed, his head lowering.
C. He sat on the edge of the bed, with his head being lowered.
D. He was sitting on the edge of the bed, with his head lowering.
7. 评剧院里很多女演员学会了打毛衣，大都是我教她们的。
A. Many actresses in the Pingju Theatre learned to knit, in most cases I taught them.
B. Many other actresses in the pingju Theatre learned to knit as well, mostly from me.
C. Many actress in the pingju Theatre learned to knit, mostly from me.
D. Many other actress in the Pingju Theatre learned to knit as well, and in most cases I taught
them.
8. 你明明写了那么多的作品，怎么说不是文学家呢？
A. You’ve written so many books, how can you say you’re not man of letter?
B. You’ve written many, many books. How can you say you’re not a man of letter?
C. You’ve written so many books. How can you say you’re not man of letters?
D. You’ve written many, many books. How can you say you’re not a man of letters?
9. 他睡得很死，连打雷都没有把他惊醒。
A. He slept like a log and was not even wakened up by the thunder.
B. He slept like a log and was not even awakened up by the thunder.
C. He slept like a log and was not even awoken up by the thunder.
D. He slept like a log and was not even awakened by the thunder.
10. 中国作为疆域辽阔、人口众多、历史悠久的国家，应该对人类有较大的贡献。
A. A country with a vast territory, a big population and a long history, China should make greater
contributions to humanity.
B. China is a country with a vast territory, a big population and a long history, should make
greater contributions to humanity.
C. China has a vast territory, a big population and a long history, and thus makes greater
contributions to humanity.
D. As a country, China has not only a vast territory, a big population but also a long history.
Therefore, China should make greater contributions to humanity.

B. Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices
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labeled A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes each statement.
11. 针对鲁迅先生提出的“宁信而不顺”的主张，瞿秋白提出_________。
A. “宁顺而不信”
B. “信”和“顺”不应对立起来
C. 要容忍“多少的不顺”
D. 要保存原作的丰姿
12. 傅雷认为翻译重在_________。
A. 理论
C. 创新






















B. 实践
D. 观察
B. 两种文体
D. 两套语法体系
13. 王佐良认为译者在处理个别的词时，他面对的是_________。
A. 两种语言
C. 两大片文化
14. According to Theodore Savory, a translator must ask himself: _________.
A. (ⅰ) What does the author say?
(ⅱ) What does he mean?
(ⅲ) How does he say it?
B. (ⅰ) What does the author mean?
(ⅱ)What does he say?
(ⅲ)What does he want?
C. (ⅰ)What does the author say?
(ⅱ) Where does he say it?
(ⅲ) What does he mean?
D. (ⅰ) What does the author mean?
(ⅱ) How does he like it?
(ⅲ) What does he say?
15. 代词在英语和汉语里都经常使用，但总的说来，_________。
A. 英语代词用得多，汉语代词用得少
B. 英语代词用得多，汉语代词也用得多
C. 汉语代词用得多，英语代词用得少
D. 汉语代词用得少，英语代词也用得少

Ⅱ. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)
A. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese.
16. Premier
17. foreign exchange dealings
18. financial deficit
19. arbitration agency
20. regional autonomy
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21. waste disposal
22. automobile components
23. sum total
24. inland waters
25. ASEAN
B. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English.
26. 金字塔
27. 中国公民
28. 维生素
29. 载人飞船
30. 生态环境
31. 世界贸易组织
32. 平等互利的原则
33. 内燃机
34. 版权保护
35. 可耕地

Ⅲ. Translation Improvement (20 points, 2 points for each)
A. Directions: Each of the following Chinese translations has one or more inadequacies.
Improve the given translations.
Example:
原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.
译文：阿德莱德享有地中海型气候。
改译：阿德莱德属地中海型气候。

36. 原文：China’s vast size and resources, her extraordinary economic progress over recent years,
have made her an increasingly important player in the modern international economy.
译文：中国地大物博，近年来经济迅猛发展，这使 得中国在现代国际经济中成为一个
越来越重要的游戏者。
37. 原文：His air of complete self-assurance and somewhat lordly bearing would have frightened
me, had it not been for his warm and hearty handshake.
译文：他和我握手时的那种热情和真挚不像是那么回事，他那十分自信和略为高傲的
派头真使我害怕。
38. 原文：She wore dark glasses, a thick sweater and a white scarf.
译文：她穿戴着墨镜、厚毛衣和白围巾。
39. 原文：She is neatly and quietly dressed in accordance with her age and position.
译文：她穿着整齐、朴素，以便和她的年龄和身份相称。
40. 原文：My wife and I, as well as our entire party, are deeply grateful.
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译文：我的夫人和我以及我们全党都非常感激。
41. 原文：It is better to be alone than in ill company.
译文：与其呆在不怎么样的公司，还不如一个人呆着。

B. Directions: Each of the following English translations has one or more inadequacies.
Improve the given translations.
Example:
原文：能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。
译文：To write a preface to this collection of his essays gives me a great honor.
改译：I find it a great honor to write a preface to this collection of his essays.

42. 原文：深圳人自己总结经验，由内向型转为外向型经济。
译文：The people in Shenzhen reviewed their experience and decided to shift the zone’s
economy from an incoming orientation to an external orientation.
43. 原文：“物极必反”，错误成了堆，光明就会到来。
译文：“Things turn into their opposites when they reach the extreme”; mistakes pile up, light
is not far off.
44. 原文：钻石湖风景秀丽，是这个城市的几大景点之一。
译文：The Diamond Lake, noting for its beautiful scenery, was regarded as one of the
outstanding views of the city.
45. 原文：没有科技知识要建设社会主义是不可能的。
译文：Without knowledge of science and technology is impossible to build socialism.

Ⅳ. Paragraph Translation (30 points)
A. Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. (15 points)
46. We are still in the middle of the Industrial Revolution; We had better be, for we have many
things to put right in it. But it has made our world richer, smaller, and for the first time ours.
And I mean that literally: our world, everybody’s world.
From its earliest beginnings, when it was still dependent on water power, the Industrial
Revolution was terribly cruel to those whose lives and livelihood it overturned. Revolutions are
—it is their nature, because by definition revolutions move too fast for those whom they strike.
We still live in the middle of the Industrial Revolution and find it hard to see its implications,
but the future will say of it that in the ascent of man it is a step, a stride, as powerful as the
Renaissance. The Renaissance established the dignity of man. The Industrial Revolution
established the unity of nature.

B. Directions: Translate the following passage into English. (15 points)
47. 我家里生活苦，父亲做小买卖，妈妈是家庭妇女，弟弟妹妹多。家里最大的是我，
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才十三岁，就唱戏养家了。
早晨去喊嗓子，我带着一个小篮拾 煤核，为了回家取暖。拾煤核也要放聪明点，常
常换换地方，为的是不受那些成群结队拾煤核的野男孩的 欺负。
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