汽车召回是什么意思-music是什么意思
名词解释
1,
word
:fundamental units
of speech and hacing a mininum, free is a unity
of sound and
meaning,capable of performing a
given syntactical function.
2,
morpheme
:the minimal meaningful unit
of the english language,possesses both sound and
morpheme is not divisible or analyzable into
smaller forms.
An allomorph(词素变体)is any of
the various form of a morpheme.
3
,freemorpheme
:is one that can stand
by itself as a complete utterance.
4,
bound
morpheme
:cannot exist on its own,mit must
appear with at least one other
morpheme.
5,
roots and affixes
:
a root is the
basic unchangeable part of a word,and it conveys
the main lexical meaning of the
word.
Affix is a collective term for the type of
formative that can be used only when added to
another morpheme.
6,
inflectional
affixes and derivational affixes
:
An
inflectional affix serves to express such meanings
as plurality,tense,and the comparative or
superlative does not form a new word with new
lexical meaning when it is added to
another
word. inflectional affixes have only thier
particular grammatical meaning.
derivational affixes are subdivided into prefixes
and suffixes,which are used to related to the
formation of new words.
7,
free root
and bound root
:
Free root can stand
alone as woeds and provide the language with a
basis for the formation
of new words.
Bound root cannot appear as woeds in modern
English, although they were once words,nor
can
they be used to form new words.
8,
hybrid
:a hybrid is a word made up of
elements from two or more different language.
9,
compoundingcomposition
:it is a word-
formation process consisting of joining two or
more bases to form a new unit,a conpound word.
10,
word-formation rule
:the rules of
word-formation define the scope and methods
whereby
speakers of a language may create new
words.
11,
initialisms and acronyms
:
Initialism is a type of shortening,using
the first letters of wors to form a proper name,a
technical term , or a phrase.
Acronyms
are words formed from the initial letters of the
name of an organization or a
scietific term.
12,
polysemy
:it means a single word
having several or many meanings.
13,
homonyms
:homonyms are words
different in meaning,but identical both in sound
and
spelling or identical only in spelling or
sound.
14,
syonyms
:words which nearly
the same denotative meaning are syonyms,and the
relationship
between them is one of synonymy.
15,
antonymy
:words that are opposite
are antonyms.
16,
huponymy
:it is the
relationship which obtains between specific and
general lexical item.
17,
blending
:it
is a process of word-formation in which a new word
is formed by combining the
meanings and sounds
of two words , one of which is not in its full
form or both of which are not
in their
full forms.
18,
back-formation
: it is a
term used to refer to a type of word-formation by
which a shorter
word is coined by the
deletion of a supposed affix from a longer form
already present in the
language.
19,
reduplication
:it is a minor type of
word-formation by a compound word which is created
by
the repetition of one word like go-go.
20,
grammatical meaning and lexical
meaning
:
Grammatical meaning is
indispensable in determining the position a word
occupies in a
consists of word-class and
inflectional paradigm
lexical meaning is
that aspect of sense proper to the word as a
lexical item.
21
,semantic field
theory
:it is concerned with the vocabulary of
a language as a system of
interrrelated
lexical networks.
22,
linguistic
context
:three main types of linguistic context
are the lexical,grammatical and
vorbal context
in its broad sense.
23,
extra-linguistic
contextcontext of situation:
(1) the
actual speech situation in which a word(or an
utterance,or a speech event)occurs.
(2) The
entire cultural back ground agaicst ehich a word
,or an utterance or a speech event
has to be
set.
24,
clipping
:deletion of one or
more syllables from a word (usually a noun),which
is also
available in its full form.
词语辨析
1 Plains pleinz a large strentch of flat land
Planes pleinz aeroplane
2 row r?u a neat
line (of people or things) side by side
Row
rau uproar,noisy distuibance
3 sound saund n.
Pronounce
Sound saund adj. Healthy
4
waist weist the narrow part of the human body
between the ripes and the hips.
Waste weist a
useless or profitless spending.
Compound words
(1)
1 someone who writes songs. Songwriter
2 someone who cleans windows. Window-cleaner
3 the race for arms. Arms race
4 the
train in the morning. Morning train
5 gold
mine
6 sunbathing
7 dirt cheap
8 sun-
tanned
(2)1 a drop of rain the bed for
flowers
2 impermeable to air as green as sew
3 a remark that is meant well a person that
behaves well
4 houses ruined by war
5 one who designs computer one who
baths in the sun
6 steam powers or operates
engine an engine prevents fire
7 the worm
produces silk the gas produces light
8 one
who writes by hand one who finds fault
9 a
ship that goes across oceans people who love
peace
10 one who teaches language one who
sits with the babaies
11 boys bred in country
1 knee-deep 2 lifelike 3 snow-white 4 nation-
wide 5 shoulder-high 6 pitch-darkblack
7
carefree 8 soundproof 9 fireproof 10 lifelong
填空
Reject 拒绝;退回,摈弃 n.不合格产品
Refuse
拒绝做某事
Decline 谢绝帮助
Rapid 瞬间的
Fast
快速的
Rangefury 狂怒
Indignation 义愤
近义词反义词
Fair-dark empty-full faint-loud
low-high gloomy-bright sad-joyfulcheerful dark-
bright
rough-softgentle decline-acceptrise
peculiar-commonaverage light-darkheavy
fresh-
stalefaded thin-fatthick wild-domesticgarden dull-
interestingclever
deep-shallowsurface seldom-
often hard-easysoft over-under scarce-plentiful
backward-forward
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