人教版高一英语必修一Unit2知识梳理重点词汇解析及单元自测

高中英语必修一 Unit2 词汇精解
短语归纳
1. 不只有一种英语 more than one kind of English
2. 在一些重要方面 in some important ways
3. 彼此不同 be different from one another
4. 与现代英语不同 be different from modern present day English
5. 世界英语 world Englishes
6. 起着的重要作用 play an important role part
7. 起着越来越重要的作用 play a more and more an increasingly important part role
8. 因为它特殊的作用 because of its special role
9. 国际语言 an international language
10. 在16世纪末 at the end of the 16

th century
11. 在17世纪初 at the beginning of the 17

th century
12. 在20世纪前期 in the early 20 th century
13. 比以往任何时候都 than ever before
14. 即使 even if even though
15. 以德语为基础 be based on German
16. 使用更大的词汇量 make use of a wider vocabulary
17. 它自己的特色 its own identity
18. 众多讲英语的人 a very large number of English speakers
19. 学英语的人数 the number of people learning English
20. 迅速增长 increase rapidly
21. 标准英语 standard English
22. 信不信由你 believe it or not
23. 讲最好的英语 speak excellent English
24. 相邻的城镇 neighboring towns
25. 从一个地方搬到另一个地方 move from one place to another
26. 充分利用不同的方言 make full use of different dialects
27. 目前的形势 present situation
28. 国际组织 an international organization
29. 词汇与惯用法 vocabulary and usage
30. 辨认出他的口音 recognize his accent
31. 中西部地区的方言 midwestern dialect(s)
32. 发出命令 give commands
33. 提出客气的请求 make a polite request
要点提炼
I词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. voyagejourneytraveltriptour
【解释】
voyage: 去国外或较远地方的海上旅行
journey: 指较远的从一地到另一地旅行
travel: 一系列的旅程，尤指旅行的概念
trip: (短途)旅行
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tour: 为了公务、娱乐或教育参观多处名胜的旅行
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). It is tiring to take a long _______ by train from Paris to Moscow.
2). The _________ from England to Australia used to take several months.
3). We’ll have time for a ______ to France next weekend.
4). We went on a guided ______ round the castle.
答案: 1). journey 2). voyage 3). trip 4). tour
1. recognizerealizeknow
(1)recognize 指原来很熟悉，经过一段时间的间隔或别的原因后又重新认出来。
(2)realize 强调在经过一个过程后的了解。
(3)know 是延续性动词，指互相间十分熟悉、十分了解
[应用1](1)Only after you lose your health will you ____________ the importance of health.
(2)I've ________________ Tom for years.
(3)I __________ him as soon as he came into the room
2. frequentcommonordinarygeneralregular
【解释】
frequent经常的，时间或间歇很短的发生或出现
common 通常的、常发生的、广泛使用或众所周知的
ordinary指种类普通且不能从其他中加以区别的，有时含贬义
general一般性的，到处的；不限于领域、地区或应用
regular平常的；惯例的；习惯性的、通常的或正常的
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). This is a ___________ problem.
2). He often makes ___________ errors of judgment.
3)．Look at the train’s ___________ schedule.
4)．The violinist gave a very ___________ performance marked by an occasional memory lapse.
5)．As a ____________ rule I am home by six.
答案: 1). common 2). frequent 3). regular 4). ordinary 5). general
2. such asfor examplethat isand so on
(1)such as 用于列举事物时常放在所列举事物与前面的名词之间，且其后不用逗号，直接跟所列举
的事物，可与 like互换。它所列举的事物的数量不能等同于前面所提的事物的总和，否则就用 that
is或 namely。
(2)for example 主要用于举例说明，其前后多用符号隔开。其位置比较灵活，可位于句首、句中或
句末(such as只能位于所列举的事物之前)。
(3)that is 相当于 namely，它所列举的事物的总量等于前面所提到的事物的总和。
(4)and so on 对几个事物进行列举时，在说了其中的几个以后，用．..and so on进行概括，说明还
有例子，但不一一列出了。
[应用2] (1)My daughter studies four subjects in school, ____________， Chinese, maths, English and
P．E.
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(2)Overcooking, ____________， destroys many nutrients.
(3)He can speak some other languages, ____________ French and German.
(4)There are some books, pens, erasers ____________ in my bag.
3. especially specially
【解释】
especially意思是“尤其，特别”，表达事物的不寻常或特别重要
specially 指为了某一目的，专门做某事
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). Our city is very beautiful, ___________ in spring. 我们城市很美丽，尤其在春天。
2). He came here ___________ to ask you for help. 他是专程来这里向你求助的。
答案: 1). especially 2). specially
4 a number of the number of
【解释】
a number of意思是“若干；许多”
the number of意思是“……的数目”
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). Today ___________ people learning Chinese in the world is raising rapidly.
2). ____________ books in the market are in English.
答案: 1). the number of 2). A number of

II词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）
1. actual adj. 实际的
2. base n. 基地；基础
3. east n. 东方
actually adv. 实际上；事实上
base v. 以……为根据
eastern adj. 东方的；东部的

basic adj. 基本的

【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空
1) What did he _________ say? (actual)
2) The __________ cost was much higher than we had expected. (actual)
3）My knowledge of physics is pretty _________. (base)
4）She used her family's history as a _________ for her novel. (base)
5）This novel is ________ on historical facts. (base)
6）He is interested in ________ customs. (determine)
7) The wind is blowing from the __________. (determine)
答案: 1) actually 2) actual 3) basic 4) base
5) based 6) eastern 7) east
重点词汇
1. present n. 礼物adj. 在场的；目前的vt. 赠送
[典例]
1). The mountain bike is a birthday present from my parents.这辆山地自行车是父母给我的生日
礼物。
2). I am afraid I can’t help you at present. 恐怕现在我没法帮助你。
3). In the present case, I advise you to wait. 按照目前的情况，我建议你等等。
[重点用法]
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at present=at the present time=now 目前，现在
be present at 出席；到场(反义： be absent from)
present sth = present sth. to sb.把某物送给某人
⑴ All the people ____________________ (出席晚会的)were her supporters.
[练习] 中译英
1). 所有（那些）在场者一眼就看出那个错误。
2). 这本书是哥哥赠送给我的。
答案: 1). The mistake was obvious to all (those) present.
2). This book was a present from my brother.
2. command n.& v. 命令；指令；掌握
1). The officer commanded his soldiers to fire. 那名军官命令士兵们开火。
[重点用法]
command sb. to do sth 命令某人做某事 be under the command of 由…指挥,由…控制
be in command of 控制… be at one’s command 听任某人支配
have take command of… 指挥…
[特别提醒] command后接that从句时要用虚拟语气
[练习] 用适当的介词填空
1). For the first time in years, she felt ______ command of her life.
2). The army is __________ the king’s direct command.
3). The police arrived and took command ________ the situation.
答案: 1). in 2). under 3). of
3. request n.& v. 请求；要求
[典例] 1). Your requests will be granted. 你的请求能够获准。.
2). I requested him to help. 我请求他帮忙。
[重点用法]
request do sth.要求某人做某事
request that sb (should) do 要求某人做某事
⑴ He requested me ________ (write) a letter of recommendation.
⑵ He requested that I ________________(write) a letter of recommendation.
⑶ The passengers _____________(request) to show their passports.
[练习] 中译英。
1). 我是（特别）应你要求而来。 2). 请不要吸烟。
答案: 1). I came at your (special) request. 2). You are (kindly) requested not to smoke.
扩展===联想：像command一样，其后的名词性从句的谓语用“(should)+ 动词原形”的
常用词有：
一个“坚持(insist)”；
两个“命令(order，command)”；
三个“建议(suggest，advise，propose)”；
四个“要求(demand，ask，require，request)”；
4. recognize vt. 辨认出；承认；公认
[典例]
1). I recognized her by her red hat. 我根据她的红色帽子认出了她。
2). Everyone recognized him to be the lawful heiras the lawful heir. 大家都承认他为合法继承
人。
[重点用法]
recognize…by sth 认出或识别某人某事物 recognize…as sth 承认某人某事物是
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recognize…to be承认…是 recognize +宾语从句 意识到；承认
⑴I recognize him______________________. (他是个聪明人).
⑵Though they hadn’t met for many years，they _________ (认出了对方)at the first sight.
[练习] 中译英 1). 人们都承认他是他们理所当然的领袖。
2). 我认出他是我朋友的哥哥。
答案: 1). He is recognized to be their natural leader.
2). I recognized him as my friend’s brother.
5. straight adj.笔直的；正直的 adv. 直接；挺直
[典例] 1). This is a straight road. 这是一条直路。
2). She went straight from school to university. 她中学一毕业就马上进了大学。
[练习] 中译英1).我的领带系得正不正?2). 一直往前看。
答案: 1). Is my tie straight? 2). Look straight ahead.
6. block vt. 堵塞；阻碍n. 街区；木块；石块
[典例] 1). He lives three blocks away from here. 他住的地方与此处相隔三条街.
2). A large crowd blocked the corridors and exits. 人群把走廊和出口都堵死了
[重点用法]
a block of 一大块 block out 堵住 block off 封锁；封闭 block up 堵塞；阻碍
[练习] 中译英
1). 他们在绕楼群散步。2). 大雪阻塞了所有通往苏格兰的道路。
答案:1). They are taking a walk round the block.
2). Heavy snow is blocking all roads into Scotland.
7、actually adv. 实际上；事实上
相近词汇：in factas a matter of fact
8．gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的→gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地
9.．native adj. 本地的，出生地的；天赋的
n. 本地人；出生于某国的人
be native to... 原产于某地
one’s native countryland 本国，祖国
native place 出生地
one’s native language 本国语，本族语，母语
a native of 当地人产于……的动植物
[即学即练1] (1)China is our ____________， and Chinese is our ____________.
中国是我们的祖国，汉语是我们的母语。
(2)The tiger __________________ India.
这种虎产于印度。
(3)He is __________________ Beijing.他是北京人。
答案.native country;native language；is native to；a native of
重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
up走近；上来；提出
[典例]
1). The little came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police station.
小男孩向陌生人走去，并告诉他去警察局的路。
3). It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting.
这个问题在会议上一定会被提出来的。
5). I am afraid something urgent has come up. 恐怕发生了什么急事。
[短语归纳]
come across邂逅 come about发生 come at向…扑来,攻击 come from 来自

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come out 出版;开花；结果是 come up with想出
come round 绕道而来 come down落下,塌下
[练习] 用come构成的词组填空。
1). The hunter walked across the forest when suddenly a bear _______ him.
2). The magazine __________ once a month.
3). I wish you can ___________ to England on your holiday.
4). The engineers has ______________ new ways of saving energy.
5). They ___________ an old school friend in the street this morning.
答案: 1). came at 2). comes out 3). come over 4). come up with 5). came across
2. make use of 利用；使用
[典例]
1). You ought to make good use of any opportunity to practise English. 你应该好好利用机会练
习英语。
[短语归纳]
make good use of 好好利用 make full use of 充分利用 make the bestmost of 充分利用
[练习]
1). 要充分利用一切机会说英语。2).

我们要很好地发挥她的才能。
答案: 1). Make full use of every chance you have to speak English.
2). We will make good use of her talents.
3. such as例如；像这种的
1). Such poets as Keats and Shelley wrote Romantic poetry.
有些诗人, 如济慈和雪莱, 写的是浪漫主义的诗歌
2). Wild flowers such as orchids and primroses are becoming rare.
兰花和报春花之类的野花越来越少了
[练习] 用such as或for example填空
1). I like drinks __________ tea and soda.
2). The report is incomplete; it doesn’t include sales in France, ________.
答案: 1) such as 2). For example
4. play a part (in) 扮演一个角色；参与
[典例] 1). She plays an active part in local politics. 她积极参与地方政治活动。
2). She played a major part in the success of the scheme. 她对该计划的成功起了重要作用。
翻译：中国在当今世界扮演着重要的角色。
__China is playing an important partrole _in the world today.
[短语归纳]
take part (in sth)参加, 参与（某事物 for the most part 整体上; 通常; 多半
the best part of sth（某事物的）绝大部分（尤指一段时间） for my part就我来说
[练习] 中译英
1). 有多少国家要参加（世界杯赛）？
2). 对我来说, 到哪儿吃饭都无所谓。
答案: 1). How many countries will be taking part (in the World Cup)?
2). For my part, I don't mind where we eat.
6. because of 因为；由于
[典例]1). They are here because of us. 他们是因为我们来这里的。
[短语归纳]
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because of 是复合介词。
because 是从属连词，引导原因状语从句。
[练习] ⑴ He came late to school again _______ he got up too late.
⑵ The girl cried __________ what the teacher said.
⑶ we have to cancel our trip _________ the bad weather.
7. base on …以…为基础
e.g The movie is based on facts
7．ever before 从前 8．even ifthough 即使
9．be based on 以……为基础 10．over time 长期以来
11．in the early days 在早期 12．the same as 相同于
e it or not信不信由你
14.a number of
＋
N. 许多,大量. 作主语时, 谓语用复数.
the number of
＋
N. …的数量. 作主语时, 谓语用单数
Eg A number of people have read this novel.
The number of people here is 50.
2..单词拼写
1．A lot of students p_______________ at the meeting took part in the discussion.
2．The tall tree was struck by l___________ and broke.
3．The robber was caught when he was filling his car with p__________ at the filling station.
4．Go up in an e_______________ to the fifth floor.
5．He looked calm, but a__________ he was very nervous
6．In the word “happy” the _________(重音) is on the first syllable.
7．He has a poor _________________(词汇), so he can't express himself correctly.
8．The gentlemen disclosed their own __________(身份)．
9．Anyone who wants to learn English well must remember the ___________(惯用法) of
English.
10．Though he is not a ___________(本国的) English speaker, he can speak English very
fluently.
3. .单项选择
1．(2009·安徽卷)－Do you think it’s a good idea to make friends with your students?
－______， I do. I think it’s a great idea.
A．Really B．Obviously C．Actually D．Generally
2．His uncle made a film ______ his story in his childhood.
A．based on B．was based on C．basing on D．to base on
3．(2010·山东潍坊质量监测)It could be judged from her eyes ______ she was very satisfied
with her performance.
A．what B．which C．that D．where
4．The money collected should be made good use ______ the people in Sichuan Province
who suffered a lot in the earthquake.
A．of helping B．to help C．to helping D．of to help
5．During the flight to the Moon, Chang’e I Satellite ______ adjusts her direction so that she
can go into her programmed orbit and then circle around it at the most appropriate angle(角
度)．
A．eventually B．gradually C．constantly D．continuously


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6．I’m Chinese and I do feel ______ Chinese language is ______ most beautiful language.
What’s your opinion?
A．the; a B．; the C．the; D．; a
7．______ as a serious problem at present, it has drawn a lot of people’s attention.
A．Recognize B．Recognized C．Being recognized D．Having recognized
8．The army received a command that they ______ to the front immediately.
A．would march B．must march C．should march D．were marching
9．The newly－founded chess club formally ______ us to attend the opening ceremony.
A．requested B．required C．demanded D．commanded
10．(2009·江西一模)Films, ______ the one you told me about yesterday or the one that will
be on, ______ not worth seeing.
A．including; is B．as well as; are C．besides; is D．such as; are
11．The part that China ______in the international affairs ______ in the international
society.
A．plays; is widely praised B．plays; is wide praised
C．takes; widely praised D．takes; wide praised
12．______， a sleepy driver killed twenty－two students and teachers in a traffic accident
in Shanxi Province.
A．What's more B．After all C．Believe it or not D．More or less
13．Many students make great progress in listening ______ the large amount of time
devoted to it.
A．because of B．instead of C．in case of D．in spite of
14．—Oh, it's you! I ______ you.
—I've just had my hair cut, and I'm wearing new glasses.
A．didn't recognize B．didn't know C．haven't recognized D．haven't known
15．He won't change his mind ______ you go and try to persuade him yourself.
A．since B．until C．as if D．even if

















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答案t；ing；；or；ly
；lary ties
1.答案：C 解析：考查副词。really真正地；obviously明显地；actually实际上； genera lly
大体上。actually在句中起加强语气的作用，相当于sure，certainly, of course。
2. 答案：A 解析：based on为过去分词短语，在句中做后置定语修饰a film。
3. 答案：C解析：考查名词性从句。 语意为：她对她的表现很满意，这可以从她的眼睛
里判断出来。It是形式主语，that引导的从句是 真正的主句。
4.答案：D 解析：make (good) use of“(好好)利用”，变为被动时态即be made use of；句
中to help the people...为不定式做目的状语。
5. 答案：B解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意为：在飞往 月球的途中，嫦娥一号卫星逐
渐调整她的方向以便能进入预定的轨道并以合适的角度绕其运行。A.最终 ；B.逐渐地；
C.不断地；D.继续地。
6. 答案：A 解析：第一空需填the，指“汉语”；第二空填a, a most beautiful language
是泛指，其中most相当于very。
7. 答案：B 解析：be recognized as“被认为是……”；句中recognized为过去分词做状语。
8.答案：C 解析：command“命令”，其 that从句中用“(should)＋动词原形”。
9. 答案：A 解析：表示正式委婉的请求用 request。
10. 答案：D 解析：such as 用于列举事物。又因为主语为复数，第二空格用 are，故
选D。本句译为：像你昨天告诉我的电影，以及即将上映的，都不值得看
11. 答案：A 解析：第一空考查短语 play a part in; 第二空考查被动语态
12. 答案：C 解析：考查固定短语。
13. 答案：A 解析：考查介词短语。because of“因为”
14.答案：A 解析：句中表示“刚刚没有认出某人”用 didn't recognize
15.答案：D解析：考查 even if引导让步状语从句。









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