抽屉的拼音-trained怎么读
1.
Accounting会计(学): is an information and measurement
system that identifies records and
communicates relevant reliable and comparable
information about an organization’s business
activities.
2. Managerial accounting管理会计:
is the area of accounting that serves the
decision-marking needs of
internal users
3. Events项目: refer to happenings that affect
an entity’s accounting equation and can be
reliably
measured.
4. External user外部使用者:
of accounting information are not directly
involved in running the
organization.
5.
Internal user内部使用者: of accounting information are
those directly efficiency and effectiveness
of
an organization.
6. Ethics: are beliefs that
distinguish right from wrong. They are accepted
standards of good and bad
behavior.
7.
Cost principle(历史)成本原则: means that accounting
information is based on actual cost.
8.
Revenue recognition principle(营业)收入确定原则: provides
guidance on when a company must
recognize
revenue.
9. Matching principle配合原则,收支对应原则:
prescribes that a company must records its
expenses
incurred to generate the revenue
reported.
10. Going-concerning
assumption持续经营假设: means that accounting
information reflects a
presumption that the
business will continue operating instead of being
closed or sold.
11. Audit审计,审核: through review
of an organization’s accounting records and
accounting reports
and return make by the
analysis.
12. Net income净收益,收益净额: amount a
business earns after paying all expenses and costs
associated with its sales and revenues.
13. Income statement损益表: describes a company’s
revenues and expenses along with the resulting net
income or loss over a period time due to
earnings activities.
14. Statement of owner’s
equity所有者: explains changes in equity from net
income (or loss) and from
any owner
investments and withdrawals over a period of time.
15. Balance sheet资产负债表,平衡表: describes a
company’s financial position (types and amounts of
assets liabilities and equity) at a point in
time.
16. Statement of cash flows现金流量表:
identifies cash inflows (receipts) and cash
outflows (payments)
over a period of time.
17. Owner’s withdrawals account所有者提款账户: the
account used to record the transfers of assets
from a business to its owner.
18.
Liabilities负债: is what a company owes its no
owners (creditors) in future payments, products,
or
services.
19. Accounting equation会计恒等式:
Assets=Liabilities + Equity.
20. Accrued
expense应计费用,预提费用: refer to costs that are incurred
in a period but are both
unpaid and
unrecorded.
21. Operating cycle:经营周期 is the
time span from when cash is used to acquire goods
and services
until cash is received from the
sale of goods and services.
22. Shareholders
(investors):股东,投资者 are the owners of a
corporation.
23. Current radio:目前的广播电 a ratio
used to help evaluate a company’s ability to pay
its debts in the
near future.
24.
Merchandise inventory:库存商品,商品盘存 refers to products
that a company owns and intends to
sell.
25. Cash discount:现金折扣,现金贴现 reduction in a
receivable or payable if it is paid within the
discount period. sellers can grant a cash
discount to discourage buyers to pay earlier
26. Gross profit:总利润 also called Gross margin,
which equals net sales cost of goods sold.
27.
Credit period:付款信贷期限 the amount of time allowed
before full payment is due.
28. Acid-test
ratio酸性比率测试: a ratio used to assets a company’s
ability to pay its current liabilities;
defined by current liabilities.
29. Selling expense:销售费用 include
the expenses of promoting sales by displaying and
advertising
merchandise, making sales, and
delivering goods to customers.(P124)
30.
General and administrative expense(一般)管理费用:
support a company’s overall operations and
include expenses related to accounting, human
resource management, and financial management.
31. Time period assumption: 会计分期假设presumes
that the life of a company can be divided into
time periods, such as months and years, and
that useful reports can be prepared for those
periods.
32. Account receivable:应收账款 are held
by a seller and decreased by customers to sellers.
33. Prepaid account (also called prepaid
expenses): 预付费用待摊费用are assets that represent
prepayments of future expenses (not current
expenses).
34. Purchase discount:购物折扣
purchaser’s description of a cash discount
received from a supplier of
goods.
35.
Sales discount:销售折扣 seller’s description of a cash
discount granted to buyers in return for early
payment.
36. Trade discount:商业折扣 reduction
below list or catalog price hat is negotiated in
setting the price of
goods.
37. FOB
shipping point (FOB factory):寄发地交货 means the buyer
accepts ownership when the goods
depart the
seller’s place of business.
38. FOB
destination: 目的地交货,离岸交货means ownership of goods
transfers to the buyer when the
goods arrive
at the buyer’s place of business.
39. Credit
terms: 信贷条件,赊销付款条件for a purchase include the
amounts and timing of payments
from a buy to a
seller.
40. Current assets:流动资产 are cash and
other resources that are expected to be sold,
collect, or used
within one year or the
company’s operating cycle, whichever is longer.
41. Plant assets: 固定资产refers to long-term
tangible assets used to produce and sell products
and
services.
42. Long-term
investment:长期投资 notes receivable and investments
in stocks and bonds are
long-term assets when
they are expected to be held for more than the
longer of one year or the
operating cycle.
43. Intangible assets:无形资产 are long-term
resources that benefit business operations,
usually lack
physical form, and have uncertain
benefits. (P98)
44. Current liabilities:
流动负债are obligations due to be paid or settled
within one year or the
operating cycle,
whichever is longer.(P98)
45. Long-term
liabilities长期负债: are obligations not due within
one year or the operating cycle,
whichever is
longer.
46. Accounting cycle:会计周期 refers to
the steps in preparing financial statements.(P95)
47. Temporary (or nominal) accounts:临时账户,名义账户
accumulate data related to one accounting
period.
48. Permanent (or real)
accounts:永久账户,实际账户 report on activities related to
one or more future
accounting periods.
49.
account reveivable(应收账款)are liquid assets,usually
being converted into cash within a period of
30 to 60 days. Therefore, accounts receivable
from customers are classified as current assets,
appearing in the balance sheet immediately
after cash and marketable securities.
50.
double entry accounting(复式记账法)is a standard
accounting method that involves each transaction
being recorded in at least two accounts,
resulting in a debit to one or more accounts and a
credit to
one or more accounts.
51.
materiality(重要性原则)refers to the magnitude of an
omission or misstatement of accounting
information that, considering the
circumstances ,make it likely that the judgment of
a reasonable
person relying on the information
would have been influenced by the omission or
misstatement.
52. perpetual inventory
system(定期盘存制)Under the perpetual inventory
system,the inventory
records are kept lly all
large business organizations use perpetual
inventory
systems.
53. unearned
revenue(预收账款预收收入)A liability for unearned revenue
arises when a customer
pays in advance.
54. financial statement(财务报表)Four
related accounting reports that summarize the
current financial
position of an entity and
the results of its operations for the preceding
year(or other thim period)
55. historical
cost(历史成本)The historical cost of an asset is the
exchange price in the transaction in
which the
asset was acquired
56. depreciation(折旧)The
systematic allocation of the cost of an asset to
expense over the years of its
estimated useful
57. accrued liabilities(应计负债)The liabilities
to pay an expense which has accrued during the
d liabilities are also called accrued
expenses.
58. income(收入)is defined as
increases in economic benefits during the
reporting period,in the form of
inflows or
enhancements of assets,or decreases of liabilities
tha result in increases in equity,other
than
those relating to contributions from equity
encompasses both revenue and
gains.
59.
asset(资产)is a resource controlled by the
enterprise as a result of past events and from
which
future economic benefits are expected to
flow to the enterprise.
60. account
payable(应付账款)often are subdivided into categories
of trade accounts payable and other
accounts
accounts payable are short—term obligations to
suppliers for purchases or
accounts payable
include liabilities for any goods and services
other than
merchandise.
61. FIFO(先进先出法)A
method of computing the cost of inventory and the
cost of goods sold based on
the assumption
that the first merchandise acquired is the first
merchandise sold,and that the ending
inventory
consists of the most recently acquired goods.
62. Goodwill(商誉)The present value of expected
future earnings of a business in excess of the
earnings
normally realized in the industry.
63. cost principle(历史成本原则)The cost principle
states that assets should by recorded at their
is the value exchanged at the time something
is acquired.
64. 权责发生制 accrual basis of
accounting: Means that revenues, expenses and
other changes in assets,
liabilities, and
owners’ equity are accounted for in the period in
which the economic event takes
place, not
necessarily when the cash inflows and outflows
take place
利润表income statement :An income
statement is a financial statement showing the
results of
operations for a business by
matching revenue and related expenses for a
particular accounting
period .It shows the net
income or net loss.
永续盘存制perpetual inventory
system: Is a system of accounting for merchandise
that provides a
continuous record showing the
quantity and cost of all goods on hand.
总账账户
control accounts: Grouped according to the
elements of financial statement, the general
ledger
holds the individual control accounts.
费用Expense: Generally speaking, expenses are
costs that are charged against ,revenue and that
are
related to the entity’s basic business.
二 简 答 题
1. State the steps of
establishing internal control over
cash(简述建立现金内部控制的程序)
(1) Separate the
function of handling cash from the maintenance of
accounting records(将
现金收付与记账职务分离)
(2)
Prepare an immediate control listing of cash
receipts at the time and place that the
money
is received(在收到现金的当时当地编制一份现金收入控制清单)
(3)
Require that all cash receipts be deposited daily
in the bank(每日都要将现金收入存入银
行)
(4) Make all
payments by check(所有的付款都以支票形式通过银行支付)
(5)
Separate the function of approving expenditures
from the function of signing
checks(将
核准支出职务与签发支票职务分离)
are the quality
chatacteristics of accounting
information(会计信息质量特征):Relevance(相关
性)
,reliability(可靠性),
understandability(可理解性),comparability(可比性)
be the steps(procedures) of accounting
cycle(描述会计循环的步骤)
(1) identify transactions or
events to be recorded(确认需要记录的交易或事项)
(2) journalize transactions and
events(将交易或事项登记到日记账)
(3) posting from journal
to ledger(从日记账过入)
(4) prepare unadjusted trial
balance(编制调整前余额试算表)
(5) journalize and post
adjusting journal entries(将调整分录计入日记账并过入分类账)
(6) prepare adjusted trial balance(编制调整后余额试算表)
(7) prepare financial statements(编制财务报表)
(8) journalize and post closing
entries(将结账分录计入日记账并过账)
(9) prepare post-
closing trial balance(编制结账后余额试算表)
y state the
four assumptions and explain(简述四个会计假设)
Separate entity(会计主体假设),going concern(持续经营假设)
.,time-period(会计分期假设),monetary unit(货币计量假设)
y state the classification investment in
securities(简述有价证券的列报)
Trading
securities(交易性证券),held-to-maturity
securities(持有至到期投资),available-for-sale
securities(可供出售的金融资产),long-term investment in
equity securities(长期股权投资)
are the accounting
elements(会计要素)
Assets(资产),liabilities(负债),owners’ equity(所有者权
益),revenues(收入),expenses(费用),income
(利润)
double-entrybookkeeping 复式记账
financial statement财务报表
accounting equation
会计恒等式 owner’s equity所有者权益
retained earning 留存收益 source
document原始凭证
computerized accounting system
电算化会计系统 accumulated depreciation累计折旧
Proprietorship所有权
post-closing trial
balance调整后试算 accrued expense应计费用
realpermanent account 实账户
nominaltemporary account虚账户
notes to the
financial statements会计报表附注 balance
sheet资产负债表
Accounting Standards for
Business Enterprise 企业会计准则
cash flow statement
现金流量表 long-term
solvency长期偿债能力
short-term liquidity 短期偿债能力
provision for bad debts 坏账准备
construction in
progress在建工程 deferred tax on
debitcredit 递延税款借贷项
estimable liabilities 预计负债
paid-in captical 实收资本
accounting treatment
会计处理 current period 当期
inflation 通货膨胀
purchasing power 购买力
profit distribution 理论分配
accounting information 会计信息
IASC 国际会计准则委员会
FASB 财务会计准则委员会 Liquidity 流动性 cash
equivalent 现金等价物
Financial instrument 金融工具
semifinished goods 半成品
Low-value and
perishable articles 低值易耗品 weighted average
加权平均法
accelerated depreciation method 加速折旧法
moving average 移动平均法
trademark 商标权
Copyrights 著作权 par value 票面价值 sales
allowances 销售折让
cost variance 成本差异 periodic
expense 期间费用 turnover tax 流转税
non-operating expense 营业外支出 theoretical
framework 理论框架 financial distress 财务困境
current ratio 流动比例 PE ratio 市盈率 MB
市值与账面价值比 capitalization ratio 资本比
率
Horizontal analysis 横向分析 fiscal period 会计期间
Vertical analysis 纵向分析
price index
价格指数 subsidiary 子公司 parent company 母公司
generally accepted accounting principles
公认会计准则 calendar year 日历年度
historical
rate 历史汇率 Receivables 应收账款 payables 应付账款
TQM 全面质量管理TOC 约束理论 direct material 直接材料
Order-getting cost 订单获取成本 order-filling
cost 订单获取成本
process costing system 分布成本计算法
job-order costing system 分批成本计算法
step-variable
cost 阶梯式成本 cost formula 成本公式 profit margin
贡献边际
the high-low method 高低点法the scattergraph
method 散布图法
the least-squares regression
method 最小二乘回归法 cost behavior 成本性态
命运多舛-程序存储器
学书初学卫夫人-英语句子结构类型
斯的意思-garter
鄙视的拼音-Pennsylvania
sinx泰勒展开-荒唐是什么意思
献舍是什么意思-懒虫
javelin-轻蔑近义词
意群-什么兵什么政
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