高级英语部分课文修辞讲解(推荐文档)

or暗喻
slips and slides
the sinister corridor of our age
… and no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows.
… that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place, and all at once there was a focus.
The glow of the conversation burst into flames.
We had traveled in five minutes to Australia.
The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on
the wrong side is simply not a concern
The conversation was on wings.
When E.M.F orster writes of “the sinister corridor of our age,” we sit up at the vividness of the phrase, the force and even terror
in the image.
Mark Twain --- Mirror of America
saw clearly ahead a black wall of night...
main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart
All would resurface in his books...that he soaked up...
…who saw clearly ahead a black wall of night.
…main artery of transportation in the young nation’s heart.
my case would snowball into...
our town ...had taken on a circus atmosphere.
The street ...sprouted with ...
… had not scorched the infidels...
…after the preliminary sparring over legalities…
No one,... that may case would snowball into...
...our town ...had taken on a circus atmosphere.
The street ...sprouted with ...
He thundered in his sonorous organ tones.
...champion had not scorched the infidels...
…after the preliminary sparring over legalities…
...the nerves of both ... were excessively frayed…
his wife shot him a swift, warning glance.

The words spat forth with sudden savagery.
Her tone ...withered...
...self- assurance...flickered...
The Duchess kept firm tight rein on her racing mind.
Her voice was a whiplash
eyes bored into him
I’ll spell it out.
original sin

we saw how hungry the American people….racial lens…whitest populations
firestorm

vessel


2. sarcasm反讽
The bother about teaching chimpanzees how to talk is that they will probably try to talk sense and so ruin all conversation.

3. simile明喻
They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into each other's
lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.
They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into, each other’s
lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.
The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.
The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot.
... and sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, like clouds of flies.
And really it was almost like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column, a mile or two miles of armed men, flowing
peacefully up the road, while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scraps of paper.
Indeed, this nation’s best-loved author was every bit as adventurous, patriotic, romantic, and humorous as anyone has ever
imagined
Tom’s mischievous daring, ingenuity, and the sweet innocence of his affection for Becky Thatcher are almost as sure to be
studied in American schools today as is the Declaration of Independence.
...swept the arena like a prairie fire
...a palm fan like a sword...

4. metonymy转喻
Is the phrase in Shakespeare?
...his pen would prove mightier than his pickaxe
…but for making money, his pen would prove mightier than his pickax.
...tomorrow the magazines, the books, the newspapers...
The Christian believes that man came from above. ...below
won 100 at the tables

lost it at the bar
they'll throw the book,...
jarring to the untrained ear


5. alliteration头韵法
They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the
graveyard and nobody notices that they are gone.
Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s English slips and slides in conversation.
...the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home
...with a dash and daring...
...a recklessness of cost or consequences...
It was a splendid population –for all the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home.
It was that population…and rushing them through with a magnificent dash and daring and a recklessness of cost or
consequences‖
color and creed

the greatness and the goodness of our nation

trials and triumphs…unique and universal…stories and songs…
struggles and successes, the bitterness and biases


6. elliptical sentence省略句
The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys, no women—threaded their way across the market place between the piles of
pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, wailing a short chant over and over again.
Not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen, not even inquisitive.

7. transferred epithet 移就
Darrow had whisper throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder.
Cheerful money, suicidal sky, sleepless night

Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews, many of them old grandfathers with flowing grey
beards, all clamoring for a cigarette.

8. synecdoche(提喻)
Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous
This wretched boy, who is a French citizen and has therefore been dragged from the forest to scrub floors and catch syphilis in
garrison towns, actually has feelings of reverence before a white skin.
Keelboats,...carried the first major commerce.
the case had erupted round my head

9. hyperbole夸张法
...cruise through eternal boyhood and ...endless summer of freedom...
The cast of characters…--- a cosmos.
The trial that rocked the world
The trial that rocked the world His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world.

A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed.

10. onomatopoetic words symbolism拟声词的象征意义
As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a long, dusty column, infantry, screw-gun batteries, and
then more infantry, four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.

11. Personification拟人
life dealt him profound personal tragedies...
the river had acquainted him with ...
...to literature's enduring gratitude...
Bitterness fed on the man...
America laughed with him.

12. Antithesis对照
...between what people claim to be and what they really are...
...took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Land...
...a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever
…of the difference between what people claim to be and what they really are.
…a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever.
The christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below.

we may have different stories, but we hold common hopes; we may not look the same and we may not have
come from the same place, but we all want to move in the same direction.

I’ve gone to some of the best schools in America and lived in one of the world’s poorest nations.

that elevates what is wrong with America above all that we know is right with America.
kindness and cruelty; the fierce intelligence and the shocking ignorance,


13. Euphemism委婉语
...men's final release from earthly struggle
He tried soldiering for two weeks with a motley band of Confiderate guerrillas who diligently avoided contact with the
enemy.
he commented with a crushing sense of despair on man’s final release from earthly struggles
...and you took a lady friend.

...and you took a lady friend.

14. Sarcasm讥讽
…I knew more about retreating than the man that invented retreating.
…one could set a trap anywhere and catch a dozen abler man in a night.
There is some doubt about that. And it is a mighty strong combination.

15. Assonance:类音，类韵,半谐音
when bigots lighted faggots to burn...

16. Repetition
The truth always wins...the truth...the truth...

17. Irony
marching backwards to the glorious age of the 16th century
Hiroshima---the liveliest city in the world
After a while,it is the setting of man against man and creed against creed until weare marching backwards to the glorious age of
the sixteenth century.

18. oxymoron （矛盾修辞法）
orderly chaos a living death; tearful joy; poor rich guys; a love-hate relationship
Dudley Field Malene called my conviction a , “victorious defeat”
Dark light , living dead , new classic , old news, open secret

19. Ridicule嘲笑
Bryan, ageing and paunchy, was assisted ... Bryan mopped his bald dome in silence.

20. Pun双关
DARVIN IS RIGHT-------INSIDE.

21. Onomatopoeia:拟声词
appreciative chuckle

clucked his tongue

22.
Parallelism
…to continue the long march of those who came before us, a march for a more just, more equal, more free,
more caring and more prosperous America.

I have brothers, sisters, nieces, nephews, uncles and cousins, of every race and every hue…


23.
The use of pronouns

The use of pronouns such as we, us, our, I, me, my, indicates how much responsibility the speaker wants to
assume for an idea
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