英语专业四级听力部分注意事项和技巧

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英语专业四级听力部分注意事项和技巧

听力理解——对话
对话的常考题型
1． 主旨要义题：问对话讨论的是什么。
a. 尽量在脑海中描述出正进行的对话：对谁在进行对话，在哪里进行对话做一定的假
设；
b. 尤其注意听一些关键词，被重复的词等等；
c. 对所听到的内容进行归纳，什么是中心思想；
d. 特别注意提问句，因为对话通常是一问一答，答的内容通常是围绕问题展开的。
常见的就对话主题而提的问题有：
What is the main topic of the conversation?
What are the speakers mainly discussing?
What is the subject of this conversation?
What is the main idea of the conversation?
Which of the following best summarizes the conversation?
2． 身份职业题：问说话者的身份、职业以及两者的关系等。
常见的就身份、职业及人物关系而提的问题有：
What is the person’s probable vocationjob?
Who are the speakers?
What is the relationship between the two speakers?
Who is the womanman speaking to?
常见的身份、职业及其相关的词语和句子：
Customer and shop- assistant (salesgirl)
for sale on sale discount 30 percent off
selling season size style fashion
in stock out of stock price change
refund warranty deliver交付 sales slip销货单,销售发票
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What can I do for you? I’m looking for…
I’d like to have … How much …?
Professorteacher and student
course assignment credit tuition
freshman sophomore junior senior
undergraduate postgraduate register graduate
graduation ceremony term paper mid-exam final
summer course grade semesterterm quiz
vacation scholarship
Customer and waiterwaitress
menu order dessert main course
delicious taste reservation bill
Can I help you, sirmadam? Are you ready to order?
May I take your order now? I’d like to try…
Can I have my bill, please? How would you like your beef?
Doctor and patient
headache stomachache backache catch a cold
flu running nose fever run a temperature
symptom examination check- up take one’s temperature
X-ray indigestion blood pressure infection
diagnose prescribe(prescription) medicine pill
tablet give an injection operation recover
What’s the matter with you?
Postman and customer
parcelpackage postcard stamp telegram
postage airmail registered letter
Bank clerk and customer
deposit withdraw draw out savings
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account account number open an account balance
cash traveler’s check cash a check interest rate
Airport staff and traveler
check in check out first class economy
Singlereturn flight number reservation book a ticket
Confirmconfirmation arrival departure delay
Boarding card boarding gate take off transit
Librarian and student
Library card periodical journal magazine
Catalogue call number due renew
Overdue over-due time
Hotel staff and customer
lobby front desk reservation reception desk
receptionist check in check out single room
double room rate key card Room Service
3． 地点方位问题：问对话发生的地点与场景。
School: assignment, lecture, paper, exam, campus, dorm, grades
Bank: account, cash, check, deposit, savings
HospitalClinic: prescription, symptom, temperature, cold, fever, stomachache, pain,
trouble
Restaurant: menu, soup, drink, beverage, dish, beef, chicken, order, bill
AirportStation: train, coach, car, timetable, take off, passenger
Post Office: parcel, package, stamp, letter, airmail, regular mail, postage, rate
关于地点的提问形式通常为：
Where doesdid the conversation probably take place?
Where are the man and woman speaking?
Where are the speakers now?
Where will the manthe woman go?
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Where is the manthe woman?
4． 时间数字计算体：对对话中出现的一些时间和数字进行提问，通常要经过一些简单
的运算。
听力试题所涉及的数字包括：年代、时间、年龄、距离、速度、价格、数量等，要求回
答对话或某事在什 么时间发生；或某人在什么时间做某事；或价格、数量等。在做数字计算
题时，考生除了应该听清具体的 数字，还应该注意表示倍数、百分率等的量词，例如： double,
half, dozen, couple, thirty percent, three times, decade, century等等。同时，还要注意与
数字有关的词，例如：more, less, before, ago, later等等。此外还要注意文中较长的数字。
此类问题的提问形式通常为：
When At what time did the conversationdialogue take place?
When is the man the woman going to…?
How muchHow many…?
How long…?
How often…?
另外，当对时间进行提问时，也可能不用数字而用表示时间的短语来表示，考生应注意
以下几点：
a. 根据表示时间的关联词来判断事件发生的时间，如：before, after, when, while, then,
until, later, right away, immediately, as soon as possible等。
b. 掌握年、月、日、星期等时间的表达方法。注意一些表示时间的词，如 quarter, a
couple of days, twilight, eve, fortnight(two weeks), dawn(daybreak), dusk(time just before
it gets quite back)等。同时注意英、美不同的时间表达方式，如：2：15读作 a quarter past
two(英)或 two fifteen（美）；2：30读作 half past two(英) two thirty（美）等。
c. 有时候，文中通过 从句或短语表示时间，而不出现具体表示时间的数字或表示时间
概念的单词，这种情况也要引起注意。例 如：“Aren’t you glad the semester’s over?”可以判
断出时间为“at the end of the semester”。
d. 从选择项看到时间和数字题型后，要集中精力获取时间和数字的信息。把听到的表
示 时间的数字顺序记下来，并理解各项数字之间的关系。这样做是因为文中有时不仅仅出现
一个表示时间的 数字。如果单靠听而不做任何记录，最后很容易混淆数字间的关系，无法正
确回答问题。
e. 听的时候注意近音的干扰要能准确区分：-teen ′ti:n和ti。它们的区别不仅在于一
个是长元音i:，另一个是短元音i；而且′ti:n是重读音节，而ti不重读。
f. 时间推 算也是对话题目中的考点，同学们要学会英语中表示时间提前或推后的方法，
如：提前或提早5分钟 five minutes ahead of time; five minutes ahead of schedule; five
minutes early; early by five minutes.推迟或吃到5分钟 five minutes later; five minutes
behind schedule; late by five minutes; be delayedpostponed for five minutes.
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g. 为了快而准地对数字有所反应，同学们要熟悉一些单词和表达方式：
时间：five o’clock sharp (5点整)；on the dot(整点)；the day before yesterday(前天);
the day after tomorrow(后天);this time next week(下周此时); a fortnight(两周); weekly(每
周); monthly(每月)；quarterly(每季)；yearlyannually(每年); a decade(十年)；B.C.(公元
前)。
数字：one half a half; one and half; a quarter one fourth; five sixths; zero point
five(0.5); one point five two(1.52); a couple of; million; billion。
货币：a dollar a buck; five cents a nickel; a dime; a quartertwenty-five cents; a
pound; penny。
有关计算的表达：plusaddaddition（加）; minustake off（减）; ,multiply（乘）; divide
（除）; double（翻倍）; triple（增加倒三倍）; two more（多两个）; three less（少三个）;
half the price（半价）; thirty percent off discount of 30%（打七折）; at 15% discount
（打八五折）。

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