塑料盘-合格的拼音
2009年12月英语四级真题听力原文完整版
短对话Short
conversation
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11.
M: Excuse me, do you have change for a ten-
dollar note? I need to pay the parking meter.
W: I'm sorry, but I think you can get it
through the money changer in the shopping center
across the street.
Q: What is the man trying
to do?
12.
M: Can you recommend something
that a school boy of 7 or 8 will really like?
W: I'd suggest this toy train, sir. It's an
excellent brand, very popular all over the world
these days.
Q: What is the man doing?
13.
W: Do you let people know when you're taking
pictures of them?
M: I try not to. You know
any picture of a person who poses for the camera
would look dull and unnatural.
Q: What are the
speakers talking about?
14.
W: I need to
talk to someone who knows Baltimore well. I'm told
you lived there.
M: Oh, but I was really young
at the time.
Q: What does the man mean?
15.
W: Aren't you disappointed that you
didn't get the promotion?
M: Maybe a little,
but I know I need more experience before I'm ready
for that kind of responsibility.
Q: What do we
learn about the man from this conversation?
16.
W: I've been working out the gym since
January. I was a bit out of shape.
M: You look
terrific. It seems that your effort has paid off.
Q: What does the man imply about the woman?
17.
W: Professor Clark suggested I get a
tutor for advanced physics.
M: Well, that
might help. Advanced physics is a pretty difficult
course.
Q: What does the man mean?
18.
W: Bill, have you heard the latest news? It
appears we two won't be laid off after all.
M:
Oh, I'm somewhat tired of working here. I've been
wondering whether I should resign. Anyway, the
news
seems to be good for you.
Q: How does
the man feel about the news?
long
conversations
Conversation 1
W: Hello,
Cartson College, may I help you?
M: Yes. I'm
looking for information on courses in computer
programming. I would need it for the fall
semester.
W: Do you want a day or evening
course?
M: Well, it would have to be an
evening course since I work during the day.
W:
Aha. Have you taken any courses in data
processing?
M: No.
W: Oh! Well, data
processing is a course you have to take before you
can take computer programming.
M: Oh, I see.
Well, when is it given? I hope it is not on
Thursdays.
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W: Well, there's a class
that meets on Monday evenings at 7:00.
M: Just
once a week?
W: Yes. But that's almost 3 hours
from 7:00 to 9:45.
M: Oh! Well, that's all
right, I could manage that. How many weeks does
the course last?
W: Mm, let me see. 12 weeks.
You start the first weekends September and
finish…Oh, just before Christmas,
December
21st.
M: And how much is the course?
W:
That's 300 dollars including the necessary
computer time.
M: Ah-hum. Okay, Eh, where do I
go to register?
W: Registration is on the
second and third of September between 6 and 9 in
Frost Hall.
M: Is that the round building
behind the parking lot?
W: Yes, that's the
one.
M: Oh, I know how to get there. Is there
anything that I should bring with me?
W: No,
just your check book.
M: Well, thank you so
much.
W: You're very welcome. Bye!
M: Bye!
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the
conversation you have just heard.
Q19: Why
does the man choose to take an evening course?
Q20: What does the man have to do before
taking the course of computer programming?
Q21: What do we learn about the schedule of
evening course?
Q22: What does the man want to
know at the end of the conversation?
Long
Conversation 2:
W: So why exactly does your
job have a reputation for being stressful?
M:
Stress is generally driven by the feeling of being
out of control of a situation, and a feeling of a
situation
controlling you. Trading in
financial markets combines both.
W: How do you
relax in the evening?
M: I very rarely do
anything work-related. So it's easy to escape the
markets. I generally go to the gym or go for
a
run, especially if I've had a bad day. I always
cook a meal, rather than have a take-away., to do
something my
brain would regard as creative.
W: Do you think what you do to relax is an
effective way to beat stress?
M: I don't think
there's a specific rule about how to beat stress.
I generally find that what I do is effective for
me.
W: Would you consider changing your
job because of the high-stress factor?
W: I
have considered leaving my job due to stress-
related factors. However, I do think that an
element of stress
is a good thing, and if use
the right way, can actually be a positive thing.
W: What do you enjoy about the stressful
aspects of your job?
M: Having said all that,
I do actually enjoy an element of uncertainty. I
enjoy a mental challenge. Trading
generates a
wide range of emotions second by second. How you
deal with and manage those emotions dictates
short, medium, and long term trading
performance and success.
Questions 23 to 25
are based on the conversation you've just heard.
Q23. What is the man's job?
Q24. Why does
the man prefer to cook a meal rather than have a
take-away?
Q25. What does the man say about an
element of stress in his job?
Section B
Passage 1
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Since early times, people
have been fascinated with the idea of life
existing somewhere else besides earth. Until
recently, scientists believe that life on
other planets was just a hopeful dream. But now
they are beginning to
locate places where life
could form. In 1997, they saw evidence of planets
near other stars like the sun. But
scientists
now think that life could be even nearer in our
own solar system. One place scientists are
studying
very closely is Europa, a moon of
Jupiter. Space probes have provided evidence that
Europa has a large ocean
under its surface.
The probes have also made scientists think that
under its surface Europa has a rocky core
giving off volcanic heat. Water and heat from
volcanic activity are two basic conditions needed
for life to form.
A third is certain basic
chemicals such as carbon, oxygen and nitrogen.
Scientists believe there might be such
chemicals lying at the bottom of Europa's
ocean. They may have already created life or may
be about to. You
may wonder if light is also
needed for life to form. Until recently,
scientists thought that light was essential. But
now, places have been found on earth that are
in total blackness such as caves several miles
beneath the surface.
And bacteria, primitive
forms of life, have been seen there. So the lack
of light in Europa's sub-surface ocean
doesn't
automatically rule out life forming.
Questions
26 to 28
26. What did scientists once believe
according to the passage?
27. What have
scientists found about Europa, a moon of Jupiter?
28. What have scientists come to know recently
about formation of life?
Passage 2
In her
early days as an emergency room physician, Doctor
Joanna Myer treated a child who had suffered a
second degree burn. After the child had been
treated and was being prepared for discharge,
Doctor Myer talked
to the parents about how
they should care for the child at home. Also
listening to her were a half a dozen other
family members. A few hours later, when she
came to say goodbye, the family asked her to
settle an argument
they'd been having over
exactly what advice she had given. “As I talked to
them, I was amazed.” she said, ”All
of them
had heard the simple instructions I have given
just a few hours before, but they have three or
four
different versions. The most basic
details were unclear and confusing. I was
surprised, because these were
intelligent
people.” This episode gave Doctor Myer her first
clue to something every doctor learns sooner or
later—most people just don't listen very well.
Nowadays, she says she repeats her instructions,
and even
conducts a reality check with some
patients. She asks them to tell her what they
think they are supposed to do.
She also
provides take-home sheets which are computer
printouts tailored to the patients' situation. Dr.
Myer's
listeners are not unusual. When new or
difficult material is presented, almost all
listeners are faced with the
challenge because
human speech lacks the stability and permanence of
the printed word. Oral communication is
fast-
moving and impermanent.
Question 29 to 31 are
based on the passage you have just heard:
29.
What did the child's family members argue about in
the hospital?
30. What did Dr. Myer do to
insure her patients understand her instructions?
31. What does the speaker say about human
speech?
Passage 3
It's logical to suppose
that things like good labor relations, good
working conditions, good wages and benefits
and job security motivate workers, but one
expert, Fredrick Herzberg argued that such
conditions do not
motivate workers. They are
merely satisfiers. Motivators, in contrast,
include things such as having a
challenging
and interesting job, recognition and
responsibility. However, even with the development
of
computers and robotics, there're always
plenty of boring, repetitive and mechanical jobs
and lots of unskilled
people who have to do
them. So how do mangers motivate people in such
jobs? One solution is to give them
some
responsibilities, not as individuals, but as a
part of a team. For example, some supermarkets can
buy office
stuff to people who fill the
shelves, and the people who work at the check out
into a team, and let them decide
what product
lines to stock, how to display them and so on.
Many people now talk about the importance of a
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company's shared values or culture with which
all the staff can identify, for example, being the
best hotel chain,
or making the best, the most
user-friendly or the most reliable products in a
particular field. Such values are
more likely
to motivate workers than financial targets which
automatically only concern a few people.
Unfortunately, there's only a limited number
of such goals to go around and by definition, not
all the competing
companies in that industry
can seriously plan to be the best.
Questions
32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just
heard.
32. What can actually motivate workers
according to Fredrick Herzberg?
33. What does
the speaker say about jobs in the computer era?
34. What do some supermarkets do to motivate
their employees?
35. Why does the speaker say
financial targets are less likely to motivate
workers?
Section C
In the humanities,
authors write to inform you in many ways. These
methods can be (36) classified into
three
types of informational writing: factual,
descriptive, and process.
Factual writing
provides (37) background information on an author,
composer or artist or on a type of
music,
literature, or art. Examples of factual writing
include notes in the book jacket or (38) album
cover and
longer pieces, such as an article
describing a style of music which you might read
in a music (39) appreciation
course. This kind
of writing provides a (40) context for your study
of humanities.
As its name (41) implies,
descriptive writing simply describes or provides
an (42) image of, a piece of
music, art or
literature. For example, descriptive writing might
list the colors an artist used in a painting or
the
(43) instruments a composer included in
the musical composition. So as to make pictures of
sounds in the
readers' mind by calling up the
specific details of the work.. (44) Descriptive
writing in the humanities,
particularly in
literature is often mixed with critical writing.
Process writing explains a series of actions
that bring about a result. (45). It tells the
reader how to do
something, for example,
explaining the technique used to shoot a film.
This kind of writing is often found in art,
where understanding how an artist created a
certain effect is important. (46) Authors may
actually use more than
one type of technique
in the given piece of informational writing.
36. classified 37. background 38. album 39.
appreciation 40. context 41. implies 42. image 43.
instruments
44. Descriptive writing in
humanity, particularly in literature, is often
mixed with critical writing.
45. It tells the
reader how to do something, for example,
explaining the techniques used to show a film
46. Authors may actually use more than one
type of techniques in the given piece of
informational writing
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