boyhood-是社会主义民主政治的本质特征
Unit1
1.这种植物只有在培育它的土壤中才能很好地成长。
The
plant does not grow well in soils other than the
one in which it has been developed.
2.研究结果表明无论我们白天做了什么事情晚上都会做大约两个小时的梦（may have
done）
Research findings show that we spend
about two hours dreaming every night, no matter
what we may have done during the day.
3.有些人往往责怪别人没有尽最大努力，以此来为自己的失败辩护。（justify sth.
by）
Some people tend to justify their failure
by blaming others for not trying their
best.
4.我们忠于我们的承诺：凡是答应做的，我们都会做到。（remain true to）
We remain tree to our commitment: Whatever we
promised to do; we would do it.
5.连贝多芬的父亲都不相信
自己儿子日后有一天可能会成为世界上最伟大的音乐家。爱迪生
也同样如此，他的老师觉得他似乎过于迟
钝。（discount；be true to）
Even Beethoven's
father discounted the possibility that his son
would one day become
the greatest musician in
the world. The same is true of Edison, who seemed
to his
teacher to be quite dull.
6.
当局控告他们威胁国家安全。（accuse sb. of sth）
They were
accused by authorities of threatening the state
security.
you move into any place other
than your own private home, make sure you know
what
the rules are about pets if you have one.
出入除自己家以外的任何场所时，如果你带有宠物，一定要了解有关宠物的规定。
women could have made a good salary in job instead
of staying at home, but they
decided not to
work for the sake of the family
一些女性完全可以不待在家里，
而是去工作，挣一份不错的工资。但是为了家庭，她们放弃
了工作。
can you
justify such rudeness? You will pay heavily for
that because they have sued
you for damaging
their good name.
你怎么为这样粗鲁的行为辩护？你将会为此付出沉重的代价，因为
他们己经以低毁名誉的罪
名起诉你了
can be of great use; we
may not like it at the time, but it can spur us on
to greater
things
批评有其重要作用；我们可能当时不喜欢它，但是它能激励我们去做更伟大的事情。
uncompromising behavior, to which the public
objected, left him bankrupt
emotionally and
financially.
他毫不让步的行为遭到公众的反对，这使得他陷人了精神上崩溃、经济上破产的境地。
if
you fail, don't let failure harm you, don't let
failure take over. Remember
failure is a
necessary step in learning; it is not the end of
your learning, but
the beginning.
即使你失败了，也不要被失败伤害，更不要被失败左右。记住：失败是学习过程中必要的一
步；它不是学习的结束，而是学习的开始。
unit
2
1. 要是这部喜剧中的人物更幽默些的话，就会吸引更多的观众。（if…had+past
participle，would+have+past participle）
If
the characters in this comedy had been more
humorous, it would have attracted
a larger
audience.
2. 她从未对自己的能力失去信心因此她有可能成为一名成功的演员
She has never lost faith in her own ability,
so it is a possibility for her to become
a
successful actress.
3. 我从未受过正式培训，我只是边干边学。
I never had formal training, I just learned as
I went along.
4.随着产品进入国际市场，他们的品牌知名度越来越高了。（find
one’s way into）
As their products find their
way into the international market, their brand is
gaining in popularity.
5.她可以编造一个故事，说自己被窃贼打
晕，所有的钱都没了，但她怀疑自己是否能让这故
事听起来可信。She could make up
a story by saying she was knocked unconscious by
thieves and that all her money was gone, but
she doubted whether she could make it
sound
believable.
6.谁都不清楚他是否故意推迟了这次访问，可是这引起了对他更多的批评。（on purpose）
No one was certain whether he postponed the
visit on purpose, but this brought more
criticism of him..
there had been no
Charlie Chaplin, the history of world cinema would
have been
different. 如果没有查理?卓别林，世界电影史就会不一样了。
was a relief that his hard work eventually
gave him the result that he had long
desired:
He successfully discovered the cause of the
disease.
令人感到宽慰的是，
他的努力最终给予了他长期渴望的结果—他成功地发现了这种疾病的原因。
Chaplin was one of the greatest and most
widely loved movie stars. From The Tramp
to
Modern Times, he made many of the funniest and
most popular films of his time.
He was best
known for his character, the youthful and lovable
Little Tramp.
查理?卓别林是最伟大、最广受热爱的电影明星之一。从《流浪汉》到
《摩登时代》，他拍摄
了许多他那个时代最有趣、最受欢迎的电影。他最出名的是他扮演的一个人物—年
轻可爱的
小流浪汉。
was an immensely talented man:
Within only two years of his first appearance in
motion pictures in 1914, he became one of the
best-known personalities in the nation.
卓别林是一个才
能非凡的人：自他1914年第一次在电影中出现，两年时间内他就成了这个
国家最有名的人物之一。
Chaplin had an impact on everyone's life in
the early 20th century. He made more
people
laugh than any other man who ever lived and
changed the way people looked
at the world.查理.
卓别林对20世纪初期每个人的生活都产生了影响。与有史以来的任何
人相比，他让更多的人欢笑，改变
了人们看待这个世界的方式。
Christmas Day in 1977 Charlie
Chaplin passed away. He left behind family and
friends
saddened by his death, and millions of
fans
年，查理?卓别林在圣诞节那天去世了，
身后留下了悲伤的家人和朋友，以及全世界数以百万计的影迷。
unit 3
1.
据报道有七八位官员收受贿赂市长决定亲自出马调查这件事be reported to；look
into）
Seven or eight officials are reported to
have taken bribes and the mayor has decided
to
look into the affair in person.
2.这些工人后悔当时接受管理
部门的意见重新回去工作。现在他们再次面临失业的危险了。
（regret doing
sth.；yield to；be faced with）
These workers
regret yielding to the management's advice and
going back to work.
Now they are again faced
with the threat of losing their jobs.
3.你只需填写一张表格就可取得会员资格，它可以使你在买东西时享受打折的优惠。（fill
out）
You only need to fill out a form to
get your membership, which entitles you to a
discount on goods.
4.不知道为什么他们的汽车在半路上坏掉了结果他们比原计划晚到了三个小时break down）
Their car broke down halfway for no reason. As
a result they arrived three hours
later than
they had planned.
5.那位官员卷入了一场丑闻，数周后被迫辞职。（get
involved in）
The official got involved in a
scandal and was forced to resign weeks later.
6.这个靠救济过日子的人开始慢慢地建立起自己的市场，生意日渐兴隆。（build up；one
step
at a time）
The man living on welfare
began to build up his own market, one step at a
time and
his business is thriving.
man is reported to have said in private that
of our clients, so we are entitled to have
them bow to us as compensation.
据报道这个男子曾在私下说：“
许多救济对象在欺骗我们，因此，作为补偿，我们有权让他
们对我们点头哈腰。
considering your background and experience, we
regret to inform you that we don't
have an
appropriate job opportunity for you at current
stage.
我们考虑了你的背景与经历，很遗憾地告诉你，我们目前没有适合你的工作机会。
failed to take my cue from Oscar. Instead, I
talked back to the woman, who turned
out to be
our new manager.
我没能按奥斯卡的暗示去做，相反，我反驳了那个妇女，结果她竟然是我们的新经理。
needs to be someone who can act as a champion for
the rights of the poor because
the system so
easily lends itself to abuse.
需要有人来充当穷人权利的扞卫者，因为这一体制太容易被滥用。
called the
police for help after my car broke down on the
freeway. Twenty minutes
later, they came to my
rescue.
我的车子在高速公路上抛锚后，我打电话向警察求助，20分钟后他们赶来帮我。
was passionate for art, but he went through
tremendous pain—pain of poverty and
misunderstanding.
他热爱艺术，却经受了巨大的痛苦—贫穷与误解。
unit 4
1.我父母不是对我的教育投资，而是把钱花在了买新住房上。
Rather than
invest in my education, my parents spent their
money on a new house.
2.
如今，人们用于休闲娱乐的开支是过去的两倍。
Today, people are
spending twice as much on entertainment and
relaxation as they
did in the past.
3.
一家公司要成功，它必须跟上市场的发展。
In order to be
successful, a business must keep pace with
developments in the
marketplace.
4.
与申请这个职位的其他女孩相比，她流利的英语是个优势。
Her fluency in
English gave her an advantage over other girls for
the job.
5.
对于学生而言，没有任何地方比图书馆更好了，在那里所有的图书都任由他们使用。
For
students, nowhere is better than the library,
where all the books are at their
disposal.
6. 我们要充分利用好这个平台，加强交流，拓展合作领域，共谋发展大计。
We
should make full use of the platform to strengthen
communication, expand
cooperation in more
areas and seek further development through joint
efforts.
developing countries see
information technologies as a means to accelerate
their
economy, but some lack experience in
weighing costs and choosing between
technologies.
发展中国家认为信息技术是促进经济发展的途径，但一些国家
在估算成本与选择技术方面缺
乏经验。
2. The world is said to
have about 3,000 times as much groundwater as
water it has
in rivers and lakes, and
groundwater is far cleaner.
据说地球拥有的地下水量大约是其拥有的河流和湖泊水量的三千倍，而且地下水要干净得
多。
3. Anyone can take good photos—it's just a
matter of being in the right place at
the
right time.
任何人都能照出好照片──问题只是你是否在合适的时间和地点。
4. By installing computers in their schools
and libraries, the community leaders
demonstrated that they were determined not to
lag behind in technology.
通过在他们的学校和图书馆安装计算机，这些社区的领导们表明他们决心不在技术上落后
5.
When he started the company, he thought he'd be
able to cruise alongside the top
businesses in
the market, but he is disappointed because he
hasn't yet succeeded.
当他开始创办这家公司时，他想他将能在市场上与那
些顶级公司并驾齐驱，可是他现在失望
了，因为他没有成功
6. A Florida
couple is building what they say will be the home
of the future, one
strong enough to withstand
hurricanes, yet gentle enough to blend in with the
environment.
佛罗里达的一对夫妇在建造一座他们称之为未来之家的房子，它
既能抵御飓风，又与周围环
境十分协调。
unit 5
1. 这位小个子男子并不如他看上去那么单纯。（not so…as）
This
little man is not so innocent as he appears.
2.对这个问题我已束手无策了，所以你不妨去求助于王教授吧。（might as well）
There's nothing I can do about the problem, so
you might as well turn to Professor
Wang for
help.
3.双方高度评价了在不同领域合作取得的成果，并希望合作进一步加深。（speak
highly of）
Both sides speak highly of the
fruits in their cooperation in different areas,
and
hope that the cooperation can be
furthered.
4.一方面，亲民形象能使新政策更易于被民众接受，另一方面，它也能“广直
言之路，启进
善之门”。（on the one hand，on the other hand）
On the one hand, an image of being close to
the people can get a new policy more
easily
the other hand, it will
with constructive sugg
estions
5.他孤独的感觉时起时落，他有时会对自己、对宠物、对电视机唠叨不休。（rise
and fall，
at length）
His sense of
loneliness rose and fell and he sometimes would
talk at length to himself
and his pets and the
television.
6.毕竟，金钱不是万能的，最富有的人不一定是最幸福的。（after
all）
After all, money is not everything. The
richest people are not necessarily the
happiest.
new mechanism is not so
effective as they had expected, for months passed
and there
has been no big improvement in
management efficiency.
新的机制并不像他们预期的那样有效，因为数月过去了，但管理效率并没有明显改进
don't want to scare you unnecessarily, but you
might as well face facts and look
at a few
numbers.
我不想不必要地吓唬你，可你最好还是面对事实，看看一些数字吧。
is marked by a sense of isolation. Solitude, on
the other hand, is a state of being
alone
without being lonely and can lead to self-
awareness
孤独的特点是一种与世隔绝感，而独居则是独自一人却不感到寂寞的状态，它能引发自我意
识。
is a negative state. One feels that something
is missing. It is possible to be with
people
and still feel lonely—perhaps the bitterest form
of loneliness.
孤独是一种消极的状态，你会感到失去了某种东西。你可能与别人在一
起仍然感到孤独---
这也许是孤独最痛苦的形式。
5. Solitude is a
positive state of engagement with oneself.
Solitude is desirable,
a state of being alone
where you provide yourself wonderful and
sufficient company.
独居是一种与自我相约的积极的状态。独居是值得向往的，
是独自一人、享受自我愉快而又
充实的陪伴的一种状态。
says that
loneliness can occur even amid companions if one's
heart is not open to
them.
梭罗说，一个人即使身处同伴之中，如果不对他们敞开心扉，仍会感到孤独。
unit 6
1. 假设你发现了你自己的同事受贿，你会不会无动于衷呢？
Suppose you found out that your colleague
takes bribes, would you just ignore it?
2.
他如此固执，我们已对他失望了。跟他争论一点意义都没有。
We've given up on
him because he is so stubborn. It is pointless to
argue with him.
3.
他突然想到了一个加速实验进程的好办法，但组里的成员却对此意见不一。 He hit upon
a good method to speed up the progress of the
experiment, but opinions differed among
members of the group on it.
4.
今天我能够使自己的职业与兴趣相符，之前我是做不到的。
Today I'm able to
square my profession with my interest, which I
wasn't able to do
before.
5.要成为一名驾驶员，视觉上分辨红色与绿色的能力是必不可少的。
The
ability to visually distinguish between red and
green is essential to becoming
a driver.
6.这个组由七个人组成，他们经常见面，分享彼此的信息。
The team
consisted of seven people who met on a regular
basis to share their
information with each
other.
1. Suppose you were offered
a bribe in exchange for a promise, what would you
do
—receive it or stand by your principles?
假设有人向你行贿，要换取一种承诺，你会怎么做？是接受呢，还是坚持自己的原则?
2.
Nowadays, people wouldn't put up with those
terrible circumstances, but in those
days it
was accepted as a fact of life.
现在人们不会忍受那些糟糕的境况，可是在那些日子里却只能接受那样的现实。 3.
Cheating in various forms is on the increase
in colleges and universities, and I
have lost
count of the number of students who were caught
cheating this semester.
大学校园里形形色色的作弊现象越来越多，我已不记得这学期有多少学生因作弊而被捉住
了。
4. Mr. Aichi had to withdraw himself from the
competition for the position of state
governor
when it was revealed that he had been on the take.
当艾奇先生被披露曾受贿时，他不得不退出州长职位的竞争。
5. While
originally he had been fully in support of the
reform policies, later he
began to attack the
reform movement.
虽然他原先完全支持改革政策，可后来却开始抨击这场改革运动了。
6. The
professor definitely will not agree with the point
that the translation
amounted to little more
than looking up words in dictionaries.
这位教授肯定不会同意翻译基本是在词典里查生词的观点。
unit 7
1. 这些科学家在创建基因图谱的过程中体会到：
合作不仅仅是一种有吸引力的选择，它还
是一种责任。（more than）
In the
process of creating the genetic map, these
scientists realized that
cooperation was more
than an attractive option; it was a
responsibility.
2.
他们的研究发现简直就是一个奇迹。由于他们的发现，人们虽人类基因的历史有了新的
了解。Their
research findings were nothing less than a
miracle. As a result of their
findings, new
light has been shed on the history of human genes.
3.事实上，只有勤奋加方法得当才能使你在学习上比他人有优势。
In fact,
only hard work in combination with proper methods
will give you an advantage
over others.
4.
法官说这种惩罚将起到杀一儆百的作用。（serve as）
The judge said
the punishment would serve as a warning to others.
5.感染的危险只限于那些与病人有亲密接触的人。（be confined to）
The risk of infection is confined to those who
have close contact with the patients.
6.
从这一分析中我们可以更好地知道发生了什么以及要做些什么。
From such an
analysis we are in a better position to understand
what has
happened and what to do about it.
a responsible manufacturer, we are more
than concerned about the environment; we
are
actively involved in environmental protection.
作为一个负责的生产厂家，我们不仅仅关注环境；我们还积极参与环境保护。
course, she too eventually left to get married,
but I could say for sure that she
was nothing
less than dedicated and never allowed her
professional priorities to
be distracted.
当然，她最后还是离开，去结婚了，但我敢肯定的是：她对工作尽职尽责，从不允许自己的
职业重点受到
影响。
than academic success, what has been your
greatest achievement to date?
除了学业上的成绩，你迄今为止最大的成就是什么？
and experiments
are carried out in order to test or shed light on
some theory, and
only those observations
considered relevant to that task should be
recorded
观察和实验的目的是为了验证或阐明某些理论，只有那些被视为与任务相关的观察才
应该被
记录下来。
they are now, black people are
descended from Africans, but over the centuries
their
genetic heritage has become diversified
and complicated because of various reasons.
不管
现在身处何地，黑人都是非洲人的后裔，但是数百年来，由于种种原因，他们的遗传基
因已经变得多样化
且非常复杂。
effect, they agreed to the view that
the very change in law brings about a change
in the nature of society and human
relationships within it.
实际上，他们都同意这种观点：法律的变化引起
了社会本质的变化以及社会中人与人之间关
系的变化。
unit 8
1.只要他守规矩，我倒不在乎他晚上在外待得这么晚。
I don't
mind his staying out so late as long as he behaves
himself.
2.与其他计划相比，我更喜欢他的计划，因为我觉得没有任何一个计划比他的计划
更实际。
（no+singular nouns or plural nouns;in
that）
I prefer his plan to others in that I
think no plan is more practical than his.
3.
他们与那家公司中断了生意往来，因为那家公司上一个财政年度损失惨重，已经破产了。
（break
off）
They broke off business relations with
that company as it suffered huge losses in
the
last fiscal year and went bankrupt.
4.既然你不喜欢他，当初为什么还要邀请他参加你的生日晚会呢？（now that；in the
first
place）
Now that you don't like him,
why did you invite him to your birthday party in
the
first place?
5.虽然知道获胜的可能性不大，但比赛失败后，我们多少还是有点沮丧。
Though
we knew our chances to win were slim, we were more
or less depressed when
we lost in the game.
6.也许这是为进步而付出的代价，谁知道呢？
Perhaps this was the
price that has to be paid for progress-who knows?
don't mind their disapproving of my
plan, but, in my heart, I still want their
support.
我不在乎他们否定我的计划，但在内心深处我仍渴望得到他们的支持。
announced that he had no intention of singing
or dancing in company with any of
these girls
and he gave no reason
彼得宣布他不想与她们中任何一个女孩一起唱歌或跳舞，他没给任何理由。
respect
those who give of their time, their friendship and
their talents rather
than those who are always
trying hard only to gain more for themselves.
我们尊敬的是那些奉献时间、友谊和才能的人，而不是那些一心只为自己谋求私利的人。
seemed that I had suffered a great loss of
business and that was the price I paid
for not
following my parents' advice.
看来我生意遭到一了巨大损失，这是我不听父母忠告所付出的代价。
just made
the point again in passing that during my visit to
that country, an
interpreter would always be
at my elbow.
他们只是顺便又提到了这一点：在我去那个国家旅行时，会有一位翻译一直在我身边。
when parents strongly disapprove of the way their
child is behaving, it is still
important to
make it clear that it is the behavior and not the
person that is being
rejected.
即使当父母强烈反对子女
的行为方式时，他们拒绝接受的是那种行为方式而不是子女本人，
澄清这一点十分重要。