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一般过去时的用法和结构

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2020-10-23 08:59
tags:一般过去时

元红是什么东西-heat什么意思

2020年10月23日发(作者:索天章)




一般过去时的用法及结构
1. 一般过去时的基本用法
一 般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动
作。常和表示过 去的时间状语连用,如
yesterday, last week, last night, in 2003, two days ago等。
【举例】 I got up at 6:30 yesterday. 我昨天6:30起床。
My father was very busy last week. 我父亲上周很忙。
2. 一般过去时的基本结构
⑴ 肯定句“主语+动词过去式+其他”或者“主语+was/were+其他”。
【举例】 I played tennis last weekend. 我上周末打网球了。
My school trip was great. 我的学校郊游棒极了。
⑵ 否定句“主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他”或“主语+wasn’t/weren’t+其他”。
【举例】 The girl didn’t play computer games yesterday afternoon.
这个女孩昨天下午没玩电子游戏。
Old Henry wasn’t happy last Friday. 上星期五老亨利不高兴。
⑶ 一般疑问句“Did+主语+动词原形+其他?”
肯定回答为“Yes,主语+did”,
否定回答为“No,主语+didn’t”或者“Was/Were+主语+其他?”
肯定回答为“Yes,主语+was/were”,
否定回答为“No,主语+wasn’t/weren’t”。
【举例】— Did you go to the beach? 你们去海滩了吗?
— Yes, we did./No, we didn’t. 是的,我们去了。/不,我们没有。
— Was your weekend OK? 你的周末过得还行吧?
— Yes, it was./No, it wasn’t. 是的,还行。/不,不行。
⑷ 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(顺序)?
【举例】— What did Li Lei do last weekend? 李雷上周末干什么了?
— He visited his grandparents. 他去看了他的祖父母。
— Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪儿?
— I was at home. 我在家里。
为了便于记忆行为动词(实义动词)的一般过去时用法及结构,我们 可用以下歌诀来帮助记
忆:动词一般过去时,表示过去发生事。
谓语动词过去式,过去时间作标志。 否定形式很简单,主语之后didn’t添。
谓语动词要还原。疑问构成有规则,主语前面加did。
过去式的构成
be动词和实义动词过去式的构成: ⑴ 系动词be 的过去式有两种形式:was 和were。其中
was 是am和is的过去式,were 是are的过去式。
⑵ 规则动词过去式的构成:
①一般在动词末尾加—ed。 【举例】walk→walked play→played
②以不发音e结尾的动词末尾只加—d 。【举例】love→loved decide→decided
③结尾是“辅音字母+y ”的动词。先将y 变为i,再加—ed 。【举例】 study→studied carry
→carried
④末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写该辅音字母,再加—ed 。 【举例】stop→
stopped plan→planned

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规则动词的过去式构成方法可用以下口诀来记忆:
过去式构成有规律,一般词尾加—ed 如果词尾有个e(不发音的),只需直接加上—d 。
“辅音字母+y ”在词尾,变y为i加—ed 。
“一辅重闭”作尾巴,双写之后加—ed 。
随堂练习:
一.写出下列动词的过去式。
/is ________ _______ ________ _______
’t _________ 6. aren’t ________ ________ _______
________ _______ _______ _________
二.用适当的词完成下列对话。
1.— How was your weekend? — It ______ great.
— What _______ you ______ last weekend ? — I _______ some homework.
2.— What ______ she ______ last weekend? — She _______ to the beach.
3.— What _______ they do last weekend? — They ________ to the movies.
三.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. We _________ (enjoy) ourselves at the party last night.
____________ (study) for the English test last Sunday.
3._______ you ______ (go) to the Great Wall last year?
4. What day _______ (be) it yesterday?
old man _______(be)ill and went to see a doctor.
________ (have) a party last night.
__________ (visit) the museum and went home.
8.— How _______ (be) the students? — They were very friendly.
often _______ (have) supper at home. Today he ______ (have) supper at school.
had great fun _______ (play) in the water.
made me ______ (feel) very happy.
12.— ______ he _______ (have) lunch at nine? — No, he didn’t.
_________(buy) a guitar yesterday.
四.句型转换。
1. He came here last month. (改为否定句) He _______ _______ here last month.
2..They played football this morning. (改为一般疑问句并作简略回答)
______ they _______ football this morning? —Yes, they _______.
No, they _________ .
went to Beijing last year. (就划线部分提问)
_________ _________ they ________ last year.
watched TV last night. (改为一般疑问句)
_______ Tom _______ TV last night?
does homework every day. (用 last night 改写句子)
Mary ________ ____________ _________ ________ .





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一般现在时的用法与结构
1、一般现在时的定义及构成
一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。
(1) be(am,is,are)动词:(作谓语动词时) 肯定句:主语+be动词(am,is,are)+其它。
如: ①I am a student.(主语+be动词+名词)
②They are hungry.(主语+be动词+形容词)
③He is out.(主语+be动词+副词)
④That pen is mine.(主语+be动词+代词)
⑤I am fifteen.(主语+be动词+数词)
⑥The bike is under the tree.(主语+be动词+介词短语) 运用am,is,are写三个句子
否定句:主语+ be(am,is,are) + not +其它。
如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。 运用am,is,are写三个句子
一般疑问句:Be(am,is,are) +主语+其它。
如:-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. No, I'm not. 运用am,is,are写三个句子
特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。
如:Where is my bike? 运用am,is,are写三个句子
特殊疑问句:
疑问词(what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape,
what colour,),找句子中有没有be动词(is, am或者are)或情态动词或者助动词
(特殊疑问句:疑问词+be动词(is, am或者are)或情态动词或者助动词+其他?)
(2)行为动词:主语+行为动词+(其它)。
(作谓语动词时) 1)主语不是第三人称单数时,
肯定句为:主语+动词原形+其它
否定式为:主语+don't+动词原形+其它
疑问句为:Do+主语+动词原形+其它?
e.g. ①We speak Chinese.
②Do you speak Chinese? ---Yes, I do. No, I don't.
③They don't speak Chinese. 写三个句子
2)当主语是第三人称单数时: (he,she,it,AAn,单独的人或事物:Lilybook)
肯定句为:主语+动词(词尾加s或es)+其它。
否定式为:主语+doesn't+动词原形+其它.
疑问句式:Does+主语+动词原形+其它?
①He speaks English.
②He doesn't speaks English.
③- Does she go to work by bike? Yes, she does. No, she doesn't. 写三个句子
特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:How does your father go to work?
3)动词+s的变化规则
(1)一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks
(2)以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:
guess- guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
(3)以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies
(3)情态动词(作谓语动词
时)(can,could,be able to,may,might,must,have to,need,shall,should,
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will,would)时, 句子结构为:
肯定句:主语+情态动词+动词原形。
否定句:主语+情态动词+not+动词原形 一般疑问句;情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他?
特殊疑问句:疑问词+情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他?
Eg: ① He can speak English.
② Can I help you? What can I do for you?
在实际应用中,一般现在时常与以下时间状语联用:
always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…),
once a week, on Sundays ……
例句:He usually plays football on Sundays.

一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数
talk______forget___ ___hope______stop______perform______play______say
buy______worry______fly______study_______like_ ______make______take__
love_______recite_____ __become_______come_______drive_______
二、句型转换
1. The children have a good time in the park.
否定句:__________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________
对划线部分提问:____________________________________
2. There is about nine hundred people at the concert.
否定句:__________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________
对划线部分提问:____________________________________
3. Ann does her homework yesterday evening.
否定句:__________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________
对划线部分提问:____________________________________
4. I read an English book.
否定句:__________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________
肯定否定回答:____________________________________
对划线部分提问:____________________________________
5. My brother is in the park just now.
否定句:__________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________
对划线部分提问:____________________________________
一般现在时第三人称单数句型转换练习
1. I go to school before 7:00 in the morning.
( he ) __________ ________________________________________________
2. I always go shopping with my mum on Sunday.
( she ) ______________________________________ ____________________
3.I sometimes play computer games after school on Sunday.
( he ) __________________________________________________ ________
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4. I always take exercise after class on Monday.
( my mother )_______________ ___________________________________________

一般过去时详细讲解与练习题

一、巧记一般过去时:
动词一般过去时,表示过去发生的事;be用was或用were, have,has变had;
谓语动词过去式,过去时间作标志;一般动词加-ed,若是特殊得硬记。
否定句很简单,主语之后didn’t添;
疑问句也不难,did放在主语前; 不含be动词时
如果谓语之前有did,谓语动词需还原;
动词若是was,were,否定就把not添。 含be动词时
疑问句也不难,要把was,were放在主语前。

二、be的一般过去时:
学习动词be的一般过去时,下面有一口诀,它可以帮你们更好地掌
握动词be的一般过去时。
be的过去时有四巧:
一是时间状语巧, 表示过去的短语要记牢;
二是形式巧,单数was,复数were;
三巧是否定句结构,not紧跟was/were;
四是疑问句式巧,was/were向前跑(提前)。
【一巧】时间状语(即标志词)巧。
一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,恰巧与表示过去的一些时间状语连用。
1. yesterday或以其构成的短语:yesterday morning(afternoon, evening)等;
2. 由“last+一时间名词”构成的短语:last night, last year (winter, month, week)等;
3. 由“时间段+ago”构成的短语:a moment ago, a short time ago, an hour ago等;
4. 其它:just now等
5. 由某些表示过去时态的从句等。

【二巧】形式巧。
它与一般现在时一样,形式多样:当主语是第一人称单数或第三人称单 数时,谓语动词用
was;主语是第二人称或其他人称复数时,谓语动词用were。
例如: I was in the classroom yesterday morning. 昨天早上我在教室里。
He was at school last Tuesday. 上周二他在学校。
They were over there a moment ago. 刚才他们在那边。

【三巧】否定句结构巧。
与动词be的一般现在时一样,它在动词后面加not即可变成否定 句,并且was, were与not
可以缩写成wasn't, weren't。
即: 主语 + wasn't/ weren't + 表语 + 其他。
例如:
}
}
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I was not (=wasn't) here yesterday. 昨天我不在这儿。
My parents were not (=weren't) at home last Sunday. 上周日我父母不在家。

【四巧】 疑问句式巧。
把was, were提到句首,句末用问号即可变为一般疑问句。
即: Was(Were) + 主语 +表语 + 其他?这恰巧与动词be的一般现在时的疑问句式相似。
例如: Were you at home the day before yesterday﹖ 前天你在家吗?
Was she late this morning﹖今天早上她迟到了吗?
更巧的是疑问句的答语也相似,肯定回答用“Yes, 主语+was/were.”;
否定回答用“No,主语+wasn't/weren't.”。
例如:—Were Wei Hua and Han Mei here just now﹖ 刚才魏华和韩梅在这儿吗?
—Yes, they were. (No, they weren't.) 是的,她们在。(不,她们不在。)

一、单项选择: 从下列各题后所给的四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。(10)
( )1. My father______ill yesterday.
A. isn't B. aren't C. wasn't D. weren't
( )2. ______your parents at home last week﹖
A. Is B. Was C. Are D. Were
( )3. The twins______in Dalian last year.
They______here now.
A. are; were B. were; are C. was; are D. were; was
( )4. ______your father at work the day_____yesterday(前天)﹖
A. Was; before B. Is; before C. Was; after D. Is; after
( )5. —Who was on duty last Friday﹖
—______.
A. I am B. I was C. Yes, I was D. No, I wasn't
( )6. I cleaned my classroom ___________.
A with three hours B three hours ago C in three hours D three hours
before ( ) 7. I came _______ my house two days ago .
A back on B back to C to back D back ( )
8 . ___________? He did some reading at home.
A What does your father do yesterday evening B What does your brother do in the sch
ool
C What did your brother do over the weekend D Where did your brother go last Sun
day
( ) 9. What did you do ________ ? I went to the movies.
A next morning Bover the weekend C in the weekend D next Monday
( ) 10. The koala sleeps _______,but gets up _________.
A during the day; at the evening B at day during night
C in the day during the evening D during the day at night
二、请用正确动词形式填空。(10)
1. I _________ (have) an exciting party last weekend.
2. _________ she _________(practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she _________.
3. What ________ Tom ________ (do) on Saturday evening?
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He ________(watch) TV and __________(read) an interesting book.
4. They all _________(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.
_________(not visit) her aunt last weekend.
She ________ (stay) at home and _________(do) some cleaning.
6. When ________ you _________(write) this song? I __________(write) it last year.
friend, Carol, ________(study) for the math test and ________(practice) English
last night.
8. ________ Mr. Li __________(do) the project on Monday morning? Yes, he _________.
9. How _________(be) Jim's weekend? It _________(be not) bad.
10. ________ (be) your mother a sales assistant last year? No. she __________.
三、翻译下列句子(20)
1. 我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。
I _________ _________ __________ __________ exciting weekend.
2. Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。
Jenny likes _________ __________. She _________ an English book last night.
3. Emma每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。
Emma__________ TV every day. But he _________ ________ ________ yesterday.
4. 上周六他们做什么了?他们做作业和购物了。
What ________ they _________ _________ Saturday?
They _________ __________ homework and _________ __________.
5. 今天早上方方得做饭,因为他父亲不在家。
This morning Fangfang ____ ____ ____ ____ because his father _____ _____ ____ yester
day.
6. 你还有什么要说的? What _______ would you like _______ _______?
7. 放学别忘了向老师说声再见。 Don’
t forget ______ _______ _______ _______ the teacher.
8. 为什么你昨晚没有看电视? Why _______ you _______ TV last night?
9. 他在打扫教室的时候,发现地上有块表。
When he ______ the classroom, he ______ a watch on the ground.
10. 他什么时候出生的?1980年。
--When _______ he _______? ---_______ 1980.
四、改写句子:(20)
1、Lucy did her homework at home.(改否定句)
Lucy ________ _______ her homework at home.
2、He found some meat in the fridge(冰箱).(变一般疑问句)
___________ he __________ ___________ meat in the fridge?
3、There was some orange in the cup.(变一般疑问句)
_______ there _______ orange in the cup?
4. Frank read an interesting book about history. (一般疑问句)
_______ Frank _______ an interesting book about history?
5. Why not go out for a walk? (同义句)
_______ ________ ________ out for a walk?
6. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. (否定句)
Thomas______ _____RMB 10 on this book.
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7. My family went to the beach last week. (划线提问)
________ ________ ________ family _______ last week?
8. I think she is Lily’s sister. (否定句。注意否定转移)
____________________
9. Sally often does some reading in the morning. (否定句)
Sally _______ often ______ some reading in the morning.
10. He is a tall, thin boy. (划线提问)
_______ _______ he _______ ________?
五、 改错题(20)
1.How is Jane yesterday? _____________________
2.He go to school by bus last week. ____________________________
3.He often goes home at 6:00 last month. ____________________________
4.I can fly kites seven years ago. ______________________________
5.Did you saw him just now. ____________________________________
6.Tom wasn’t watch TV last night. ____________________________________
7.I didn’t my homework yesterday. ____________________________________
8.He wait for you three hours ago. ____________________________________
9.Who find it just now ? ________________________________________
make him cry (哭) just now? __________________________________
六、完形填空(10)
Tom did not like doing his homework,
because he liked to do some 1 things after school.And his teacher always 2
a lot of mistakes in his homework.
Then one day,his maths teacher 3 at Tom’s homework and saw that he got all his
answers right.He was very 4 and surprised(惊
奇).The next morning before class,he called Tom 5 his desk and 6 to him,
“You got all your homework right this
time.Did your father help you?”Sometimes Tom’s father helped him with his homework,
7 this time he didn’t help Tom because he 8 at home.So Tom answered,“NO,
Sir.He Was busy last night,so I 9 to do it 10 .”
( )1.A.others B.another C.the other D.other
( )2.A.made B.found C.looked at D.looked
( )3.A.laughed B.knocked C.looked D.saw
( )4.A.please B.pleased C.pleasure D.sad
( )5.A.to B.for C.in D.at
( )6.A.talked B.asked C.spoke D.said
( )7.A.and B.but C.so D.or
( )8.A.isn’t B.won’t be C.wasn’t D.can’t be
( )9.A.wanted B.mustn’t C.liked D.had
( )10.A.itself B.of them C.myself D.himself

七.写作(10)。 日记一则,字数50---60。 记叙一天的活动:
1.早晨起床,吃饭,上学;
2.上午的课程,并就其中一堂课进行描述; 3.午休的活动;
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4.下午的课程及作业; 5. 晚上的安排。
______ __________________________________________________ _______________________
_______________________ __________________________________________________ ______
________________________________________ _______________________________________
_______ __________________________________________________ ______________________
________________________ __________________________________________________ _____
_________________________________________ ______________________________________
________ __________________________________________________ _____________________
_________________________ __________________________________________________ ____
__________________________________________ _____________________________________
答案:
一、单项选择:1---5 CDBAB 6----10 BBCBD

二、 2. Did; practice; didn't do; watched; read
't visit; stayed; did write; wrote d; practiced
8. Did; do;did wasn't 10. Was; wasn't

三、 a busy but g books; read
s; didn't watch TV do last; did their; went shopping
to cook breakfast; wasn't at home to say; say goodbye to
; watch d; found born; In

四、't do 2. Did; find any 3. Was; any
4. Did; read 5. Why don't you go 't spend did your; go 8. I don't
think she is Lily's sister 't; do. 10. What does; look like

五、------was -------went ------went
-------could ------see 't -------didn't
7.在didn't后加do --------waited ------found -------made

六、1----5 DBCBA 6------10 DBCDC
七、写作(略)
enjoy the trust of 得到...的信任 have put trust in 信任 in trust 受托的,代为保管的
take ...on trust对...不加考察信以为真 trust on 信赖 give a new turn to 对~~予以新的看法 turn around round 转身,转过来,改变意见turn back 折回,往回走
turn … away 赶走……,辞退……,把……打发走,转脸不睬,使转变方向 turn to… 转向……,(for help)向……求助,查阅, 变成;着手于think through… 思考……直到得出结论,想
通think of 想到,想起,认为,对……有看法想法

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