一般过去时练习题

一般过去时练习题
★清华大学★英语系测试：为中学英语量身定做.
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一般过去式练习题
一、 将下列动词变成过去式。
look_______ watch_______ like______ hope______
decide______ plan______ stop_______ carry______
study______ play______ stay______ let______
put_______ read_______ catch _____ teach_____
buy______ bring______ think ______ sit_____
write______ drive_______ ring______ sink______
run______ give_______ win _______ know ______
grow______ throw_______ draw _____ show_____
feel______ sleep_______ keep_____ sweep_____
meet_______
二、 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. I_______________ (buy) a new dictionary the day before
yesterday.
2. — What day_____________ (be) it yesterday?
— It______________ (be) Friday.
3. He______________ (be) here half an hour ago.
4. We often____________ (play) games last term.
5. She_____________ (give) me a book a moment ago.
6. The girl___________ (get) up very early this morning.
7. They____________ (take) photos near the river an hour ago.
8. He (not watch) TV yesterday evening.
9. — Why (be) the boy late for school?
— Because he (be) ill.
10. Mr Green (come) to visit me last night.
11. The teacher (agree) to our idea yesterday.
12. He said he (feel) terrible.
13. They (make) him work twelve hours a day last year.
14. I (see) him in the library two days ago.
15. She (write) her address on the blackboard ten
minutes ago.
三、按要求改写下列各句。
1. I was at home this morning. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答)
at home this morning?
, .
2. He did morning exercises in the morning. (改为否定句)
He in the morning.
3. They had a big dinner yesterday. (改为一般疑问句，并作肯定

回答)
a big dinner
yesterday? ,
.
4. Mr Wang went to America by plane. (对划线部分提问)
Mr Wang to America?
5. How did you like Shanghai? (改为同义句)
Shanghai?
practices the guitar every day.(用yesterday作时间状语改写
句子)
He the guitar .
7. I had a good time in the park. (改为同义句)
I in the park.
8. I came here five years ago. (对划线部分提问)
you here?
9. I saw Jim a moment ago. (改为同义句)
?I saw Jim .
10. They moved to France because their father found a job there.
(对划线部分提问)
they to France?
11. I can't swim.
(用last year作时间状语改写句子)
I .
12. I went to see my uncle last Sunday. (改为否定句)
I to see my uncle last Sunday.
13. Tom had an egg this morning. (对划线部分提问)
What Tom this morning?149. like, yesterday,
the, what, was, weather (连词成句)


四、选择填空。
1. — What did your father do when he was in England?
— He in a car factory.
A. work B. worked C. is working D. will work
2. — he at this school last term?
— Yes, I think so.
A. Did; study B. Does; study C. Was; study D. Did; studied
3. — Who cleaned the blackboard yesterday, Dick?
— John .
A. cleaned B. does C. did D. is
4. There a lot of people at the street corner when the
accident (事故) happened (发生).
A. was B. were C. have been D. had
5. He turned off the lights and then .
A. leaves B. left C. will leave D. is leaving

6. — Hi, Kate. You look tired. What's the matter?
— I well last night.
A. didn't sleep B. don't sleep C. haven't slept D. won't
sleep
7. Jenny went into the room, took off his coat and down
on a sofa.
A. would sit B. was sitting C. sat D. had sat
8. Everyone there when the meeting began.
A. was B. is C. are D. were
五、选择方框中所给动词并用其适当形式填空。cook, stay, say,
tell, visit, come, think, take, be, eat
Last Sunday it was snowy. Maria 1 at home. Her cousin
Cara 2 to visit her. She came back from Beijing. She 3
Maria something about her vacation.
Cara 4 the Palace Museum and the Great Wall. She 5
a lot of photos.
It was lunch time. Maria's parents 6 not at home. They
decided to cook by themselves. Maria 7 noodles with some
tomatoes and pepper (辣椒). After Cara 8 up the noodles,
she said slowly, “I think it is delicious!”But Maria 9 the
food was too bad. She 10 ,“Cara, thank you, but I put too
much pepper into i
★清华大学★英语系测试：为中小学生英语量身定做.
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清华大学英语教授50年研究成果

tell sb. (not) to do sth.告诉某人（不要）做某事
want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事

try to do sth.试图做某事
help sb. (to) do sth.帮某人做某事
be busy with sth.忙于某事
spend moneytime on(doing) sth.花费金钱时间去做某事
hope to do (that)…希望……
wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事
find sb. doing sth.发现某人正在做某事
remember to do sth.记得要去做某事
remember doing sth.记得曾经做过某事
forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事
forget doing sth.忘记曾经做过某事
plan to do sth.计划做某事
take sb. some timemoney to do sth.做某事花费某人时间金钱
sb. pay(s) money for sth.某人在某物上花费金钱
sth. cost(s) sb. some money某人在某物上花费金钱
like to dodoing sth.喜欢做某事
seehear sb. dodoing sth.看见听到某人干过在干某事
decide to do sth.决定做某事
get sth. for sb.为某人弄到某物
would like to do sth 想要做某事
enjoy doing sth 享受做某事
practice doing sth 练习做某事

try to do sth 尽力做某事
try doing sth 尝试做某事
ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事
make sb do sth 使得某人做某事
let sb do sth 让某人做某事
help sb (to)do sth 帮助某人做某事
lovelike doing sth 喜欢做某事
dislike doing sth 不喜欢做某事
hate doingto do sth 讨厌做某事
keep doing sth 保持一直做某事
be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
spend(time)doing sth 花时间做某事
mind doing sth 介意做某事
need to do sth 需要做某事




Unit 1
What‘s your name? My name is Jenny. What‘s=What is
I‘m Jenny I ?m =I am
What's his name? His name is Tony. name;s=name is

What‘s her name? Her name is Gina.
Unit 2
Is this your pencil? Yes,it is.
Is this my pen? No ,it isn‘t.
Is that his book? Yes, it is.
Is that her eraser? No,it isn‘t.
Unit 3
Is this your sister? No,it isn‘t
This is my friend. These are my friends.
Is that your brother? Yes, it is.
That is my brother. Those are my brothers.
Unit 4
Where‘s the baseball? It‘s in the backpack.
Where is my computer game? It‘s under the bed.
Where are your books? They‘re on the chair.
Where are his keys? They‘re on the dresser.
Where are her keys? They are on the table.
Unit 5
Do you have a TV? Yes ,I do. No,I don‘t
Do they have a computer? Yes ,they do. No,I they don‘t
Does he have a tennis racket? Yes ,he does. No,he doesn‘t
Does she have a soccer ball? Yes ,she does. No,she doesn‘t

Does he have a ping-pong ball? Yes ,he does. No,he doesn‘t.
Unit 6
Do you like salad? Yes, I do. No,I don't.
Do they like French fries? Yes, they do. No,they don‘t.
Does he like pears? Yes, he does. No ,he doesn‘t.
I like oranges. Idon‘t like bananas.
They like salad. They don‘t like broccoli.
She likes bananas. She doesn‘t like ice cream.
Countable nouns Uncountable nouns Countable nouns and
Uncountable nouns
hamburgers,strawberries broccoi ， ice cream ，
salad,chicken
tomatoes,eggs
French fries,apples
oranges,carrots
bananas,pears
Unit 7
How much is the red sweater? It‘s eight dollars. It‘s=It is
How much is this blue skirt? It‘s seven dollars.
How much is that white bag?It‘s nine dollars.
How much are these black pants? They‘re ten dollars. They ?re =
They are

How much are those bule socks? They‘re three dollars.
Unit 8
When is your birthday? My birthday is November 11th..
When is Liu Ping‘s birthday? Her birthday is September 5th.
Unit 9
comedy comedies
thriller thrillers
action movie action movies
documentary documentaries
Do you want to go to a movie? Yes, I ,I don‘t.
Does he want to go to a movie? Yes, he does . No,he
doesn‘t.
Does she want to go to amovie? Yes, she ,she doesn‘t.
What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and
comedies.
Unit 10
Can you dance? Yes,I ,I can‘t.


Unit11
What time do you get up? I get up at six o‘clock.

What time does he eat breakfast? He eats breakfast at seven
o‘clock.
What time does she go to school? She goes to school at eight
o‘clock.
Unit 12
What‘s your favorite subject? My favorite subject is math.
Wath his favorite subject? His favorite subject is art.
Wath her favorite subject? Her favorite subject is P.E.
Why do you like math? Because it‘s interesting.
Why does he like art? Because it‘s fun.
Why does she likeP.E.? Because it‘sexciting.
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江苏省连云港市2010年高中段学校招生统一文化考试英语试题
一、 单项选择 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项
best friend Neil is ________ honest boy. You can believe
him.
A. a B. an
D.
2.---I like red best. What about___________?
---My favourite colour is orange. It represents joy.
A. you

3.---__________ I have a ticket , please?
---Sorry,sir. All the tickets were sold out ten minutes ago.
A. May

4.---Have you seen the film Alice in Wonderful?
---Yes. ____________ wonderful film it is!
A. What a
a

Xiang came third ______ the 110-meter-hurdle race last
month in Shanghai.

h
6.---Let‘s go hiking ___________ staying at home , shall we?
----A good idea.
A. as well as order to d of
addition to
_________ nature is to help ourselves , or we will be
punished.
t t e
e
the disaster can destroy our homes, but_______can
destroy the love in our people.
ing hing ng
g
fire was completely ________ shortly afterwards with the
help of the firemen.
down out out
d away
10.---Mum, I‘m really ________ about the result of the exam.
---Cheer up. I believe you can be successful.

t ied y
d
11. ---We can use QQ to communicate with each other online.
----Good. Will you you please show me ____________.
to use B. how to use it to use
to use it
12.---Would you like to have ___________ cake ?
----No, thanks. I‘ve had two. That‘s enough.
r
other
13.---What‘s the news about ?
---________ entertainment stars gathered to attact donations for
Yushu.
A.A member of B.A kind of C.A packet of
D.A number of
14.---I seem to be lost. Could you tell me ___________?
---Sure. You can take the No.3 bus to get there.
A. where is the nearest hospital
long it will take me to the airport
far is my trip to the Olympic Village I
can get to the National Museum
15.--- Sorry, Frank. I‘m busy today. I can‘t go swimmming with

you.
---- _________.
A. No problem ‘re welcome ‘s all
mind
二、 完形填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四
个选项中，选出最佳选项
Although it was autumn, the snow was already beginning to
fall in Tibet (西藏).Our legs were so heavy and cold that 16
felt like big pieces of you 17 seen snowmen ride
bicylces? That‘s what we looked like! Along the way children who
were 18 long wool coats stopped to look at us. In the late
19
we found it was so cold that our water bottles froze (结
冰).However, the lakes 20 like glass in the setting sun and
loooked wonderful.
Wang Wei rode in front of me as usual. She was in high spirt
and I knew I didn‘t need to 21 climb the mountains
was hard work but as we 22 us, we were surprised by the
view. We seemed to be able to see for miles, and we were so high
that we found ourselves cycling through clouds. After a while, we
began going 23 the mountains. It was great fun especially as

it slowly became much 24 .At the foot of the mountains,
colourful butterflies flew around us and we saw many sheep eating
green grass. Then we had to 25
Our caps, gloves and trousers for T-shirts and shorts.
In the early evening we stopped to 26 .We put up
our tent and then we ate. Afte supper Wang Wei went to sleep but
I stayed 27 .At midnight the sky became clearer and the
stars grew I 29 below the stars I thought
about how far we had already travelled.
We will reach Dali in Yunan Province soon, where our cousins
will join us. We 30 hardly wait to see them!
16.

17.




18. d in
d up
on off
19. g


oon g
20.

g
21.
er
age

22. at after for
around
23.

24.

25.

26. beds friends camp
money
27.

28.

29.
30.

三、阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选
出最佳选项
(A)
What‘s the most important thing for you to have in your life?

Someboy mentions hard-work, others suggest knowledge, love and
luck.
If you arrange the 26 English letters alphabetically(按字母表的
顺序)and use numbers to represent each of them, for example, 1
for a, 2 for b, 3 for c…, you can change an English word into a
number. So hard-work becomes 8+1+18+4+23+15+18+11=98,
meaning 98 is its mark; knowledge:
11+14+15+23+12+5+4+7+5=96, while love :12+15+22+5=54,
and luck : 12+21+3+11=47, a small mark. None of these words
can give one a full mark. What about money or prayer(祈祷)?
They can‘t , either.
Then what else? Don‘t be worried. You can always find an answer
to a problem in your life, when you change your way of looking at
things or doing things, or your attitude(态度).Yes, attitude is the
word. See for yourself: attitude:1+20+20+9+20+21+4+5=100，a
full mark.
Different attitudes lead to different courses of life. Most times
people hope for a better life. It is possible that one will have a
change for the betterr after one has changed one‘s attitude.
When you change your manner and became friendly towards
others, you‘ll meet more smiling faces towards the same
way, if you take a positive(积极地)attitude towards failure(失

败),you‘ll find it‘s also rewarding though it has caused you losses.
the writer‘s opinion , what is the most important things in a
person‘s life?
-work. dge.
. de.
ing to the passage, if you meet with problems, the best
way out is to ___________.
A. ask for helpf from others
your prayers to God
your attitude
maths-solving methods
the passage we can learn that ______________.
nt attitudes come from different courses of life.
atics can solve every problem easily in our daily life
e sometimes can bring you good if you take a positive
attitude
of the English words except ―attitude‖ equals to 100
or more
(B)
Many years before the United States was founded(建立),
Americans had already invented barbecues. But the first
barbecues, in fact ,were the invention of the Taino Indians of

Haiti, who dried their meat on raised frames(架子)of sticks over
fires. Spanish explorers spelled the Taino word as barbacoa, and
as time passed, English settlers along the Atlantic coat had their
own barbecues.
One summer day in 1773, Benjamin Lynde, a citizen of
Massachusetts, wrote in his diary, ―Fair and hot Browne;hack
overset.‖ That is , on a bright and hot day he went to the Brownes
to attedn a barbecue, and his carriage(马车)fell over. It shows that
the barbecue had its social occasion by that time. Large animals
would be roasted whole on frames over hot fires, and neighbours
would be invited to dinner.
In later centuries, as settlers moved to the west, the barbecue
went along with it, reaching an especially large size in Texas,
where a pit (坑)for fuels(燃料) such as tree branches might be over
ten feet deep. Today , the barbecue grills(烧烤架)which are fueled
by charcoal(木炭) or electricity are likely to be small and easy to
move , and can cook only parts of an animal at a time, but people
still have barbecues out of doors and always invite their
neighbours or friends over.
invented the barbecues first in history?
an people. Indians.
h explorers. h settlers.

second paragraph mainly tells us that the
barbecue_______________.
only held on a hot sunny day
es people who keep diaries
held both indoors and outdoors its
social occasion for over 200 years
underlined expression ― social occasion‖ can be best
translated into______________.
A.社交功能 B.社会福利 C.社
会地位 D.社会背景
following are all the barbecue ways
__________________.
A. drying meat on raised frames of sticks over fires
B. roasting a whole animal over a pit full of burning tree
branches
g parts of animals over fires on grills fueled by
charcoal
g meat in the bright and hot daylight
(C)



EXCEPT

A Solar-powered Plane---Lowcarbon


Earlier this month, a solar-powered (太阳能动力的)plane called
Lowcarbon took off to the sky for the first time. It has passed an
important test on the way to travel around the world.
Lowcarbon took off from an airport in Switzerland(瑞士)at 45 km
an hour. It slowly rose into the sky.
―There has never been an airplane so big, so light, using so little
energy,‖ said Bertrand Piccard, a leader of the project.
During the 90-minute flight, Lowcarbon did several turns. It
climbs nearly 1.6 km above the countryside.
Engineers plan to test a night flight in July. Then they will use the
results of the tests to build a second plane. They plan to travel
around the world in that plane in 2012. ―We want to fly it day and
night with no fuel,‖ Piccard said.
Piccard and pilot Andre Borschberg will take Lowcarbon around
the world .They will make a few stops to change places and rest
after a long time in the air----and to show off their aircraft.
Lowcarbon flies at 70 kph on average(平均). That is faster than a
bike and slower than a car. The pilots will keep it in the air for up

to five days at a time.

We Are One---―Expo Through My Eyes‖
Sharing offers you more happiness. To celebrate
the 2010 Shanghai World Expo, China Daily
invites you to share what you‘ve seen, heard
and experienced at the 6-month international
event or Expo-related stories in English. Whether you are an
Expo volunteer, a reporter, or a tourist , we‘d like you to share
with us your Expo experience, as seen through your eyes. So if
you would liketo contribute(投稿)，please join us today in sharing
the joy!

Topic: 2010 Shanghai World Expo
Language: English only
Length: No more than 1,000 words-
Content: Stories with photos are necessary.
Duration: May 1,2010---October 31,2010
Email-box: expo@
Reward: In addition to the satisfaction of supporting our work,
---your stories will be published on China Daily‘s website;
---you will go in a lucky draw for a prize.

of the following information about the plane
Lowcarbon is NOT true?
A. It can fly at 70 km an hour. is
solar –powered.
has passed a night- flight test. is
slower than a car.
bon is a special plane because________________.
‘s made in Switzerlland has
travelled around the world
can do turns in the sky ‘s big
and light, but uses little enegy
purpose of the second article is to________________.
age us to visit Shanghai Expo us
to be volunteers for Shanghai Expo
us to write stories about Shanghai Expo us
to get the lucky prize of Shanghai Expo
stories about the 2010 Shanghai Expo for China
Daily___________.
be in Chinese ‘t
need to have photos
be given by post

be handed in by e-mail
(D)
On a British Airways flight from Johannesburg, a
middle-aged ,rich white South American lady found herself sitting
next to a black man. She called the cabin stewardess(机舱乘务
员)over to complain about her seating.
―What seems to be the problem, Madam?‖ asked the stewardess.
―Can‘t you see?‖ she said. ―You‘ve sat me next to a black man. I
can‘t possibly sit next to this kind of human. Find me another
seat!‖
―Please calm down, Madam,‖ the stewardess replied. ―The flight
is very full today, but I‘ll tell you what I‘ll do--- I
Will go and check to see if we have any free seats in Club(商务
舱)or First Class.‖
The lady had an unfriendly look at the outraged(被激怒的)black
man beside her.
A few minutes later the stewardess returned and said to the lady
with a self –satisfied smile, ―I‘m sorry, Madam, this Economy(经
济舱)is full, and Club is also full. However, we do have one seat in
First Class.‖
The lady could not help looking at the people around her. But
before she had a chance to get up or make any answer, the

stewardess continued , ― We seldom make this kind of upgrade(升
级),however, and I had to report it to the captain(机长).When the
captain heard this,he said that it was not proper to make someone
sit next to such an obnoxious(令人讨厌的)person.‖ Having said
that, the stewardess turned to the black man sitting next to the
lady, and said, ―So if you‘d like to get your things, sir, I have a
seat ready for you…‖
At this time, the people around stood up and clapped their hands.
The black man walked up to the front of the plane.
That was an unforgettable flight for me, for I was the black man
who had never flown First Class before.
did this story happen?
A. At the booking office. the
Economy cabin.
the Club cabin. the
First Class cabin.
black man was finally upgraded to the First Class cabin
because _____________.
A. the stewardess loved him B. he
was angry with the white lady
captain knew him
white lady was too impolite

might be the correct order of the cabins from the front
to the back on this plance?
→Pilots‘ →Economy →First Class B.
Pilots‘ →Club →Economy →First Class
C. Club→Economy→ First Class→ Pilots‘ D.
Pilots‘ → First Class →Club→ Economy
can be the best title of this article?
A. Flying First Class a
British Airways Flight
g Next to a Lady
Unforgettable Free Flight
四、 词汇运用 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
A. 根据句意和汉语提示，在空白处填入适当的单词
46.—I like this camera! Is it yours?
---Yes,I _____________(花费)1,200yuan on it last year.
47.---How often do you play badminton with your classmates?
---________(一次)a week.
48.—I am worrried I‘m getting fatter.
---You should eat _________(少)food and do more exercise.
many___________(帮手)makes a task easier.
Mountain has become the ___________(象征)of
Lianyungang.

B. 根据对话意思和所给首字母，写出完整正确的单词
Susan: Where are you going , David?
David: To Beijing?
Susan: It‘s a long trip from here by bike. How long will it take
you to (51)c_________it?
David: About two years.
Susan: How many (52)o______ you are making the trip?
David: Five.
Susan: (53)W_________are you making it?
David: We are trying to collec some money.
Susan: What will the money be used for?
David: To a charity (54)c__________ Protecting the
Red-Crowned Crane.
Susan: That sounds great. Good (55) l____________ with your
trip.
David: Thanks.
五、 选词填空 (共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空。
rise, come , choose , win the prize , be
on , draw pictures,
pay for, struggle with, at the beginning,
be used to

for Africa _______________as the 2010 World Cup song,
hasn‘t it ?
57.---Jack, coffee or juice ?
---Juice, please. I _________________ drinking it.
we don‘t reduce carbon emission(碳排放)to stop the
temperature from ______, there will be more disasters.
59.---What a pity! The film ____________________ for one hour.
---It doesn‘t matter. We can see it next time.
wants to know how much I_____________this new
dictionary just now.
61.---Dad, I‘m very nervous because of the ______________
English competition.
62.----Herta Muller is great. She was the winner of the 2009 Nobel
Prize for Literature.
----Yes. She‘s the 12
th
woman__________________.
63._________________ of 2010, a 3D film , Avatar was shown all
over the world.
in some parts of China_______________________ the
serious rainstorms at present.
65.---What were the children doing over there?
----They ______________ to welcome the 41
st
World Earth Day.
六、 完成句子(共6小题；每小题1分，满分6分)

在横线上填入所缺部分，使句子完整（注意：每空不止一个
单词）
A.同义句改写
was so tired that he couldn‘t walk any further.
Nick was _____________________________ any further.
can‘t finish the project on time unless you support us.
The project can‘t be finished on time
______________________________.
we watch the exciting ping-pong match together?
______________________________watch the exciting
ping-pong match together?
B.根据所给汉语和句子意思，用英语补全句子。
we all know, waste water and gas
______________________(对……有不良影响)the environment.
70.A pair of pandas __________________(赠送)to Australia
months ago, which represents the friendship between Australian
and Chinese people.
71.---Do you often use Baidu ?
---Yes, it‘s one of ____________________________(最受欢迎
的)Internet search engines.
七、 任务型阅读(共6小题；每小题1分，满分6分)
请认真阅读下面短文，在短文后表格中的空白处填入适当的

单词(注意：每空1个单词) 。
Future and Today
It is well known that everyone has his own dream as well as his
own future. But do you know what future really is ? I have to
say that future is now. That is to say we must treasure every
minute now. If we want to have a bright future, we should
know how important time is and use it well.
There is an old English saying: ―Gain time, gain life.‖ Then
what‘s time? Time is something that we can‘t see or touch, but
we can feel it passing by. Time is always with us. When we are
at table, time passes; when we play, time goes by unnoticeable.
We always say ―Time is money‖, but time is even more
precious(珍贵的)than money, because when money is spent ,
we can earn it back. But if time is gone away, it will never
return. So, some of us even say time is priceless(无价的).
We should always remember: future is now. For us students, we
should try our best to work hard in order to create a great
future of our own. We should make the best use of every hour
and be the master of should do everything before us
as well as possible. And never put off what can be done today
till tomorrow.
As we all know , ―Time and tide wait for no man.‖ If you

waste today, you will regret tomorrow. So from now on, work
hard. Tomorrow will be better, and your future will be
brighter .Remember: ―No pains, no gains.‖ Today‘s hard work
is the cause of tomorrow‘s harvest.
Title: Future and Today
Opinions Supporting details
Everyone has his own dream as well as his own
Future is now.
future. If we want to have a bright future, we
should know the (72) of time and
make every minute(73) .
Time is money, but time is even more valuable
(74) is
priceless.
than money, because when money is spent , we
can earn it back. But (75) time will
return no more.
Today‘s hard work (76) to tomorrow‘s
Be masters of
today
harvest. As students, we should never put off
what can be done today till tomorrow and we
should try our (77)
to do everything well.
八、 书面表达（满分18分）
实施规范办学以后，学 生自主学习的时间多了。假设学校英
语俱乐部委托你做一项关于“实施规范办学以后，学生怎样

利用双休日”的问卷调查，请根据下列图表中的调查数据，
以“A Report on Weekend Activities‖ 为题，用英语写一篇短
文，简单介绍调查情况并发表自己的看法（至少两点）。














注意：1.短文应包括所给内容要点，可适当发挥，使文章连贯；
2.词数100左右，短文开头已给出，不计总词数；
3.文中不得提及考生所在的学校及自己的姓名；
4.参考词汇：对……做调查： do an investigation on…
A Report on Weekend

Activities
Since the regular school- running policy was performed, the
students now have more free time on Saturday and Sundays. So
the English Club in our school invited me to




英语试题参考答案及评分建议
一、单项选择 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
1~5 BAABA 6~10 CADBC 11~15BCDDD
二、完形填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
16~20 CBABD 21~25 BDBCD 26~30 CDDCB
三、阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
31~33DCC 34~37 BDAD
38~41CDCD 42~45BDDA
四、词汇运用 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
46．Spent s

te

五、选词填空 (共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)

been chosen used to
been on for
win winning the prize
the beginning
struggling with drawing pictures
六、完成句子(共6小题；每小题1分，满分6分)
tired to walk 67. if you don‘t
support us without your support
not Why don‘t we a bad effect
bad effects on
given donated most popular
七、任务型阅读(共6小题；每小题1分，满分6分)
72. importance value valuable

missing past contributes

八、书面表达（满分18分）
A Report on Weekend Activities
Since the regular school- running policy was performed, the
students now have more free time on Saturday and Sundays. So
the English Club in our school invited me to do an investigation
on how the students spend their weekends. I find that almost half

of the students study by themselves at 25% of them
prefer to watch TV or listen to music. 20% of them like to chat
onlinne or play computer games, while 10% of them of tehn help
their parents do housework. Only a small number of them go in
for sports or travelling.
In my opinion, all of us students should have a proper plan for
our weekends. We should make good use of our time, learning
more knowledge, developing our interests,...We should also learn
to relax, but I don‘t think it‘s a good idea to spend too much time
watching TV , chatting online or playing computer games.(124
words)


★清华大学★英语系测试：为中小学生英语量身定做.
官方网站：http:
清华大学英语教授50年研究成果


八年级下复习资料
◆unit 1 Will people have robots?
目标语言：Make predictions
重点句型：People won‘t use money. Everything will be free.

Books will only be on computers, not on paper.
Kids won‘t go to school. They‘ll study at home on
computer.
There will only be one country.
People will live to be 200 years old.
Will people use money in 100 years? No, they won‘t.
There will be more people.
There will be less free time.
There will be fewer cars.
There will be less pollution.
There will be fewer trees.
I agree.
What do you think Sally will be in five years?
I think she will be a doctor.
Where do you live? I live in an apartment.
知识点：
1． 形容词，副词的比较等级考查热点透视：
a) 表示A与B在程度上相同时， “as+形容词或副词的原
级+as”结构。表示A不如B时，可用“not asso+形容词
或副词的原级+as”结构。
b) 表示A比B在程度上“更…..”时，可用“形容词或副词
的比较级+than‖结构

c) 表示三者或三者以上的比较，其中一个在程度上“最…..‖
时，常用“ the+形容词或副词的最高级”结构，后面可带
“ofin的短语”来说明比较的范围。（注意：副词 的最高
级在句中常省略“the‖.）
d) 在形容词或副词的比较级前，可以用“a little, even, far,
much,still‖的等词语来修饰，以加强语气。
e) 表示“越来越….‖时，常用“形容词或副词的比较级+and+
形容词或副词的比较级 ”结构，但要注意，对于多音节和
部分双音节形容词，副词而言，若要表达此意时，要用
“mo re and more+形容词或副词的原级“结构。
f) 在表示“其中最….之一“的含义时，常使用 “one of+the+
形容词最高级形式+名词复数”结构，其中的定冠词the
不可以省略。
g) 如果强调“两者中比较…的（一个）”的意思时，可使用
“the+形容词比较级+其它”结构。
h) 表示“越….越….‖, 可使用“the+形容词或副词的比较级，
the+形容词或副词的比较级”结构。
2． 几个相似的“It句型”
a) It‘s +adj.+ that从句：在该句型中，it代替th at从句，形
容词用来说明that从句内容的性质。如，It‘s polite that
you always give seats to the elderly on the bus.
b) It‘s +adj.+to do sth.在该句型中，it代替to do sth的内容，

形容词用来说明to do sth的性质。如，It‘s useful to
remember lots of words before the exams.
c) It‘s +adj.+for sb. to do sth.在该句型中，it代替to do sth
的内容，形容词用来强调to do sth就sb而言的性质（常
见的形容词有possible, important, necessary, difficult）
d) It‘s +adj.+of sb. to do sth.在该句型中，it代替to do sth.
的内容，形容词用来强调of后所接宾语本身的性质（常见
的形容词有kind, rude, clever, foolish, polite）.
3.一般将来时
a) 一般将来时的构成：由助动词shall或will加动词原形构成，
shall用于第一人称。在口语 中，will在名词或代词后常简略
为‘ll， will not常简略为won‘t。这个时态的肯定，否定和疑
问结构可表示如下：
肯定句 否定句 疑问句
Shall I(we) go?
Will you (he,
she, they) go?

I (We)shall(will) I(We)shall(will)
go.
You(He, She,
They) will go.
not go.
You(He, She,
They)will not
go.
用‖be going to +动词原形‖也可表示将来时，表示将要发生的事，
打算或决定要做的事。
I think it is going to snow.我看要下雪。

b)一般将来时的用法：1）表示将要发生的动作或情况；2） 不
以人的意志为转移，肯定要发生的事情。The day after tomorrow
will be National Day.后天是国庆日。
4. inafter :in是指以现在时间为起点的“在一段时间以后”。也可
以表示“在将来多少时间之内”，句子中的谓 语动词要用一般将
来时态；after常指以过去时间为起点的“一段时间之后”，所以
它与过 去时态连用。当after指某个特定的未来时刻或日期之后，
或指以将来某一时间为起点的若干时间之 后时，它可以与将来时
态连用。
, less, fewer的用法区别：more为many, much的比较级，
意为“更多”，可修饰可数与不可 数名词。Less是little的比较级，
意为“更好，较少”，修饰不可数名词。Fewer是fe w的比较级，
意为“更少”，修饰可数名词复数。
【注意】few, little表示否定“几乎没有”。a few, a little表示肯定
“一点，几个”。如，
Because he often stays at home, he has few friends.
be与have的区别：1）含义不同。there be表 示的是“某
地（时）有某人（物）”，强调“存在关系”。Have则表示“某人
（物）所有” ，强调“所属关系”。如，
There is a bus in your factory.（公共汽车不一定属于我们厂所有）
Our factory has a bus.（公共汽车属于我们厂所有）
2）句型不同。there be句型为“There be +某人（物）+某时（地）”；

have 句型为“某人（物）+have(has)+某物（人）。如There isn‘t
a cat under the chair. She doesn‘t have two brothers.
3)当表示某物的构成和组成部分时，用there be和have 均可。
如，Our school has sixty classes.= There are sixty classes in our
school.我们学校有60个班。
【注意】there be句型中有两 个或多个并列主语时，须根据就近
原则，be与最靠近的主语在数上保持一致。如，There are two eggs
and a cup of milk on the table.
There be句型的将来时表达方式:肯定：There will be…否定：
There won‘t be…一般疑问句：Will there be….? Yes, there will. No,
there won‘t.
7. be worth doing值得；be worthy of doing, be worthy to do值得
8．Seem的用法：1)seem to do似乎…He seems to think so.2)It
seems that看来…It seems that he is lying. 3) seem +adj.n.好象
是… He seems ill.
like sth意思为“想要某物“； would like to do意思为”
想要做某事“。回答would like句型的一般疑问句时，其肯定回
答为 ―Yes, please.‖;否定回答“No, thanks‖或 ―I‘d like love to,
but….‖
sb. do; make +n+adj.; make friends with sb.; make +n.
pron.+n.
11. Such作形容词，意思是“如此的”“这样的”，修饰各种名词。

? Such这样的。如It is such bad weather.天气如此恶劣。
? Such常和as搭配，表示一种类别。如We enjoy such a voice as
hers.我们喜欢象她那样的嗓子。
? Such常和表示结果的that从句搭配，表示“如此….以至于…‖
如
It was such a hot day that we all had to stay at home.
? Such…that…和so…that…都可用来引出一个结果状语从句。
由于such 是形容词，所以that从句前有一个受such修饰的
名词；而so 是副词，用以修饰形容词或副词，因此that从
句前一般不出现名词。如
They are such kind-hearted teachers that people in the village all
respect them.
The exam was so difficult that many students failed to pass it.
a) 如果名词是可数名词的单数形式，such和so的位置不同：
such+aan+形容词+单数名词
so+形容词+aan+单数名词
b) 如果名词是不可数名词或名词复数，只可用such,不能用so.:
such+形容词+不可数名词或复数名词
c) 如果被修饰的不可数名词被much, little, 或复数名词被many,
few等表示量的形容词修饰时，用so，不用such.
d) 当little表示“年纪小的”时，可用such+little+名词
There were such little children that they couldn‘t clean the room.

12. people, person, folks, human: people“人们“全体；person “人”
（不分年龄，性别它包括men, women, children.它可做people的
单数形式可以说every person但不能说one people. Person指“人
们”时着重个体；folks“人们”，指一般人或特殊年龄位置 ，境
遇等特殊级的人；human主要用来区别于其他动物。
13．be able to 为“能，会”，表示能力，在这个意义上与can的
意思相同，一般情况下两者可以互换，但can只有 现在式和过去
式（could）而be able to则用于更多的时态，主要体现在be的
变化。两者在用法上有一些差异：can （could）表示主观能力
不表示意愿，它的将来时用will be able to而 be able to表示主观
意愿强调克服困难做某事。
14．Fee-fed-fed. Feed sth to sb把…食物给…;feed sb on sth
15可数名词复数的构成有如下规则：
①一般加-s，如：desk→desks
② s, x, ch, sh结尾加-es，如：bus→buses, watch→watches
③以 f, fe结尾，改f, fe为v，再加- es，如：leaf→leaves
④以“辅音字母＋y”结尾，改y为i，再加- es，如city→
cities
⑤以“辅音字母＋o”结尾，加-es，如：tomato →tomatoes
⑥一般复合名词，只将主体名词变复数，如： boy student
→boy students
⑦以 man, woman开头和结尾的复合名词，规则不同：

Frenchman→Frenchmen, woman teacher→women
teachers
⑧不规则变化： foot→feet, child→children
单、复数同形的情况：sheep→sheep, Chinese→Chinese
（中国人）
只有复数形式的情况： people, clothes, trousers
需要背诵的是：第6页的3a

◆unit 2 What should I do?
目标语言： talk about problems and give advice
重点句型：P10-1a;P11-2a and 2b; P12-3a ,3b and 4;P13-1a and2a
需要背诵的是第12页的3a和第14页的3a
知识点：
1． argue with sb about sth.与某人辩论某事

2..loud是形容词,loud-louder- loudest意思是“响亮的”；作副词
时，常与talk, sing, laugh 等词连用，如speak loud; loudly ―大声
地‖带有喧闹的意味，常用来修饰shout, cry, call, knock等动词，
通常没有比较级和最高级，作状语；aloud 副词，出声地，大声
地，仅指发出声音（以使能被听得见）。
3．Enough为形容词，意思是“足够的”；enough +n.修饰名词
enough money; adjadv+enough修饰形容词或副词；enough to do
足够做某事

4．call sb up给某人打电话 = give sb a call call sb ring sb up;
phone sb;
write sb a letter= write a letter to sb. 给某人写信；write to sb
写给某人；getreceive a letter from sb.收到某人的来信
5．give sb sth=give sth to sb把某物给某人。当 sb. sth都为代词
时只能用give sth to sb
6．present, gift礼物：gift带有一定的感情色彩，通常指昂贵的
“礼物” ，强调送礼人的诚意，有时有“捐赠”之意，多用于正
式场合；present指为表达情谊，敬意或出 于礼节，在某特定时
刻或场合赠送的“礼物”，此礼物价值不一定高。make sb a present
of把…作为礼物送给
7．borrow, lend: borrow“借入，借给”即说话人向他人借东西
borrow sth from sb.; lend-lent-lent“借出，借给”即说话人把自
己的东西借给他人lend sb sth= lend sth to sb
8. join sb in sth; join sb in doing sth与…一起（做某事）；
join…to …把…和…连接起来
9 except，besides除…之外: except除了…都，besides强调“除
了…之外还有…‖在no one, nobody, nothing等词后加介词but也
表示“除了”。
10．find out, find, look for: find out“找出，发现，查明”多指通
过调查，询问，打听 ，研究之后搞清楚，弄明白或指找出较难找
到的，无形的抽象的东西；find“找到，发现”通常指找 到或发

现有形的东西也可指偶然发现某物的某种情况，强调找的结果；
look for“寻找”强调动作。
11．talk about谈到，谈论；talk of谈到，说到；have a talk with
与..谈谈，做报告；talk to sb对…谈话；talk with sb与…交谈；
talk to sb和talk with sb 均表示“和某人谈话”，“讲话”。talk to
sb比较常用，侧重一方谈，一方听；talk with sb侧重双方交谈；
talk about sb则表示“谈论某人”
12．miss 和lose:miss意思为“发现丢失”“ 觉得不在”；lose意
思为“丢失”“失去”。在本质上，miss是一种主观感觉，而lose是一种客观结果。
13．be used to doing习惯于做某事；used to do过去常常，暗含
与现在明显的不同，只用于过去时；be used to do是use的被动
语态，意思是….被用来做某事。
14．own 与 have: ow n强调的是拥有，占有某物为自己的财产，
但所占有的东西目前不一定是由人使用，强调所有权；hav e为普
通动词，表示的所有关系。own +n. egWho owns the dog? ；own
+宾语+宾补 eg. He owns himself wrong.；own+从句eg. He owns
that he is wrong. ；of one‘s own完全属于某人自己的；on one‘s
own独立地，自愿地；with one‘s own ears亲耳
15. attend, join, take part in: attend“出席，参加，上学”attend
school 上学，attend meeting出席会议；take part in 参加，是指
参与某项活动 take an active part in积极参加；join 参加，当join

用于加入某个团 体或组织，成为其中的一员，后面直接跟名词，
当join表示参加某项活动时后面跟介词in .

◆unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?
目标语言：talk about past events and tell a story
重点句型：P19-2b, P20-4,P21-1,
要求背诵的是P20-3a, P22-3
知识点：
1． 过去进行时
a) 过去进行时由“waswere+动词ing形式”构成。以动词
work为列，其肯定 式，否定式，疑问式以及简略答语见下
表：
肯定式：IHeSheIt was working. WeYou They were
working.
否定式：IHeSheIt was not working. WeYouThey were not
working.
疑问式和简略答语：Was I working? Yes, you were.
Was he working? No, he wasn‘t.
【注意】was not常简略为wasn‘t; were not常简略为weren‘t
b) 过去进行时的用法：过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一
段时间正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间，除有上，
下文暗示以外，一般用时间状语来表示

2． not …until直到…才。表示动作在某时之前尚未开始，直
到此 时动作才开始。not…until可以用after或when来代替，
但主句谓语动词要用肯定形式 。Until为连词时后接时间状语
从句，until作介词时，后面接表示时间的名词。Until 用于肯
定句多表示动作或状态一直延续到until所表示的时间为止，
意思为“直到…‖ from..till…中till往往表示不太具体的时间。
From …to…或from…until常用来表示具体的时间。
3． find it…to do，it 在此句中为形式宾语代表动词不定式，
动词不定式为真正的宾语，常用于这种用法的动词有find, feel,
think, make等。
4． “疑问词+不定式“结构相当于一个名词性 从句，常常可
用同等成分的从句代替。改写时，只需在疑问词后面加一个
适当的主语（这个主语 一般与主句的主语一致），并将不定式
改成适当形式的谓语即可。如，Where to go is still a question.=
Where we should go is still a question.
5． alien 和foreigner “外国人”：alien指住在 一个国家，但
不是该国公民的人，即侨民；foreigner指生于或来自他国者尤
其指有不 同语言，文化的人。
6． when 与while:when连接的状语从句是个特殊句型，“前< br>一个分句（谓语动词用过去进行时）+when(作并列连词，意
思为“这时，突然”)+后一个 分句（谓语动词用一般过去时）”
表示在前一个动作正在进行的过程中突然发生了后一个动

作， when强调动作的突然性，when后面的动词为非延续性
动词；while表示“ 在….过程中”，强调在一段时间内，所以
while引导的从句中的谓语动词必须为延续性动词。在状 语从
句中，若从句放在句首时，应用逗号与主句隔开。
7． 感叹句的构成：What +aan+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓
语！What a good book it is!
What+形容词+复数可数名词+主语+谓语！
What easy questions they are!
What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！What
cold weather it is!
How+形容词+主语+be动词！How nice the
watch is!
How +副词+主语+谓语！How hard they are working!
place, happen“发生”：take place指“发生事先计划 或预
想到的事物”；happen指“一切客观事情或情况的偶然或未能预
见地发生”。两者都 是不及物动词或短语，后面不能跟宾语，也
不能用于被动语态；happen的意义很广泛，而take place 仅用
于历史上的事件，集会等，是先行布置而后发生或举行的事件，
它不用于地震 等自然界的现象。
happen to do 巧遇 sth happens to sb某人遭遇某事
9．不定代词all, both, each,every与not连用时，只表 示部分否
定，在否定句中用and连接两个宾语，表语，定语，状语时，只

表示 部分否定，并且否定 and后面的部分；如用or连接句中两
个部分，则表示全部否定。如，She isn‘t a bright and beautiful girl.
她并不是一个既聪明又漂亮的女孩。（部分否定） She isn‘t a
bright or beautiful girl.她是一个既不聪明又不漂亮的女孩。（全部
否定）
10. remember, recall, remind：remember指“过去的事情仍在记
忆中，不必费劲就能想起。” ；recall比remember正式，指“对
自己或他人的过去进行有意的回忆。”；remind 指“由于受到提
醒或启发而想起往事。
11．in hospital, in the hospital: in hospital指某人生病住院；in the
hospital可以指某人在医院里工作。

◆unit 4 He said I was hard-working.
目标语言：report what someone said
重点句型：P27-2a,2b
要求背诵的是P30-3a
知识点：
1． 在称述句中直接引语和间接引语的转换：
a) 直接引语：说话人直接引用别人的原话。
b) 间接引语：说话人用自己的话把别人的意思转述出来。
c) 直接引语一般前后要加引号；间接引语不用引号。
d) 规则：1）人称变化：从句中 的第一人称多改为第三人称；

第二人称根据情况改为第一或第三人称；第三人称不变。
2）时态变化：如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接
引语变为间接引语时从句的谓语动词在 时态方面要做以
下变化：
e)
直接引语
一般现在时
间接引语
一般过去时（客观真理除
外）
一般将来时
现在进行时
过去将来时
过去进行时
如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，直接引语变为间接引语
时，从句的动词时态保持不变；直接引语如果是客观真理变
为间接引语时，时态保持不变。3） 其他指示代词，时间状语，
地点状语和动词等的变化。直接引语中的一些指示代词，时
间状语和 地点状语须作相应的变化：




指示
代词
直接引语
this这 these这些
间接引语
that那 those那些
间时
now现在 then那时

today 今天
tonight 今晚
this week 这星期
yesterday 昨天
last week 上星期
that day 那天
that night那天晚上
that week那个星期
the day before前一天
the week before前一
个星期
ago以前
tomorrow明天
before 以前
the nextfollowing day
第二天
next week 下星期 the next week 第二个
星期
地点
状语
动词
here 这里 there 那里
come来 go 去
【注意】1）直接引语中的时间状语根据实际情况转述为间接< br>引语时，有时不需要改变，如tomorrow。如果转述的动作发
生在当天，无需改变；如果转 述的动作不在当天，则需将
tomorrow变为the next day.
, practice, custom: habit指“个人由于自然条件，社会环
境，爱好或经常接触 而导致可以为常的行为或特性”；practice
语气比habit弱，指“个人或大家都习惯了的做 法或工作与生活
的方式。”；custom指“经过一段时期在某人，地区或社会中形

< br>成的传统习惯或风俗。”
3．bring, take, fetch, get, carry: bring指“从别处把东西或人带来”
“拿来”，表示将人或物带到或拿到说话者所在 的位置的这个动
作；take指“把东西带走或拿走”，表示将人或物拿开或带离说
话者所在的 位置的这个动作；fetch指“到别处去把某人或某物
带来或拿来”；get是常用词，多用于口语， 与fetch同义；carry
指“随身携带（不说明方向）有时含有 “负担”的意思。
4 ．Surprise用法：1）surprise作名词，表示“惊奇，诧异”；2）
surprise 作几物动词（后接某人作宾语）表示“使…惊奇”；surprise
的过去分词作表语，表示“感到惊 奇”；to one‘s surprise表示“使…
吃惊的是”；be surprised at sthsb表示“对…感到惊奇”。
5．however 与 but:两者均可作“但是，然而”， 而且都引出并列
分句。从语义上看，but所表示的是非常明显的对比，转折的意
味较howe ver要强；从语法上看，but是并列连词，而however
却是连接副词；从语序上看，but总 是位于所引出的分句前，而
however却可位于句首，句中和句末，但是译成汉语时一定要把
它放在分句之首；从标点符号上看，but之后一般不使用逗号，
而however则必须用逗号分开 。However当连词用时，“无论以
何种方式，不管怎样”，引导让步状语从句。
6．at, in与on: 这些用在表示时间方面的瓷前，使用时有一定的
规律。1）at表 示在某个时间点或某些节日或用于一些习惯用法
中；2）in表示在某个时间段，可指在一天的某部分或 较长时间

（如上午，下午，晚上），月份，季节，年份，世纪，人生的某
个时间 ，或比表示某事再过多久将要发生。；3）on表示在具体
的几月几号，星期几或生日，节日或在某一具 体日子的上午，下
午，晚上。
7．first, at first与first of a ll：1）first可以做副词，意思是“首
先，第一次，最初地”，指第一次做某事或首先做某事， first还
可以用作形容词，意思是“第一的，最初的，主要的，一流的”，
first作名 词，意思是“首要，第一，最初”2）at first的意思是
“起初，当初”，指刚刚开始做某事的 时候，暗示后来的情况有
所改变3）first of all的意思是“第一，最初，首先”，同fi rst的
用法相同，但语气上比first要强，常常用来加强语气。
8．true, real: true意思为“真的”“真正的”，强调与实际相符，
而不是杜撰的，它与real相对 。与to连用，意思是“忠实的”，
true用作名词，与定冠词the连用，表示“真实，真理”等； real
无此意。Real是形容词，强调客观存在的“真实”“实在”，不是
想象的。
9．above, on,over:三者都有“在…上”之意。1）on表示两者上
下紧贴在 一起2）over表示一种直接的垂直概念，但没有上下紧
贴的意思，反义词为under.3)abo ve既不表示垂直的上下概念，
也无相互紧贴的意思，反义词是below.

◆unit5 If you go to the party, you‘ll have a great time.

目标语言：talk about consequences
重点句型：P34-1a,P35-2b,P36-3a,P37-2b
要求背诵的是P36-3a
知识点：
1． If引导的条件状语从句：1）构成： if引导的条件状语从句
表示“如果…”。构成形式为“主句+一般将来时时态+if从句
+一 般现在时态”，或“If从句+一般现在时态，主句+一般将
来时态”。2）用法：表示假设或条件
2． half 与half of的用法：1）half the class中的“half”为
形容词，意思“一半的，半个的”2） ―half of+代词the +名
词‖中的half为名词，意思为“一半，半个”。当该结构在句
子作主语时，谓语动词必 须和该词组中的代词或名词保持数
的一致。即当代词或名词为单数时，谓语动词用第三人称单
数 形式；若所接名词或代词为复数，则谓语动词用复数形式。
3. all the time与always: all the time是个副词性的短语，意思为
“一直”“始终”， 表示某一特定阶段开始一直到结束，不表示频
度，多置于句末。除此，all the time还有“ 不断”的意思；always
为表示频度的副词，意思为“总是”，表示动作的反复，状态的
继 续，中间没有间断，其反义词为never。它与进行时态连用时，
常翻译成“总是”，“老是”，带有 赞美，厌烦，不满等感情色彩。
4．Enough的用法：1）enough to do sth表示“足够…可以
做…‖2)enough也可以用“for+宾语+to do sth的结构 ”3）enough

修饰名词时前面不用冠词4）当主语是代词时，enough可以作 表
语。当主语是名词时，enough不能做表语。
5．Choose的用法：1）choose+名词 意思为“选择…”；2）
choose+betweenfrom从…中选择；3）choose to do选择做某事
6．Exercise的用法：1)运动，锻炼，是不可数名词2）体操，练
习，是可数名词。3）动词，使….运动
7．wear, put on, have on, dress: wear“穿着”“戴着”，表示状态，
是延续性动词，一般现在时表示经常状态，现在 进行时表示暂时
状态；put on“穿上”“戴上”，表示动作，是非延续性动词；have
on“穿着”“戴着”，表示状态可以与wear互换；dress“穿上”
“穿着”，既表示状态， 也表示动作，既可以作及物动词，也可
以作不及物动词。Dress作及物动词，表示“给自己或别人穿 （衣
服）”，宾语是人，常用被动语态。dress oneself给。。穿衣服。dress
up化装
8．a lot, a lot of与lots of三者都有“许多，很多”的意思。a lot
of, lots of一般用于肯定句，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词；a
lot作名词时=a lot of thins,作副词，修饰动词或形容词，副词比
较级。

◆unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?
目标语言：talk about how long you have been doing things
重点句型：P44-1c,P45-2a,P47-1b,P48-4a

要求背诵的是P46-3a,P48-3a,P49-2
知识点：
1．现在完成时的意义：1）表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成
的影响或结果。常用的时间状语有al ready, yet,ever, never, just
等2）表示从过去已经开始，持续到现在 的动作或状态，常常和
表示一段时间的状语连用。常见的表示一段时间的状语有：for+
一段 时间，since+时间点。如，We have learned English for 4 years.
Miss Zhao has been at this school since2002.2）构成形式：助动词
havehas+动词的过去分词3）
is the first second time…. that…结构中的从句部分，用现在
完成时。 It is the first time that I have visited the city.
It was the third time that the boy had been late.
is the… that…结构，that 从句要用现在完成时.
This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.
这是我看过的最好的电影。
This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。词构成：注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表
示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发 生的状态是可以持续的。
I haven't received his letter for almost a month.
2.怎样区别现在完成时和现在完成进行时现在让我们来比较一< br>下现在完成时和现在完成进行时。在比较这两个时态时，关键在
于对现在完成进行时的基本概念是 否理解，因为对于现在完成时

我们已经有了一个基本的理解了。
现在完成 进行时是一兼有现在完成时和现在进行时二者基
本特点的时态。由于它有现在完成时的特点，所以它可以 表示某
一动作对现在产生的结果或影响。由于它有现在进行时的特点，
所以它也可以表示某一动 作的延续性、临时性、重复性、生动性
乃至感情色彩。
现在就现在完成进行时的这些特点和现在完成时作一简单
的比较：
（1）现在完成进行时 和现在完成时皆可表示动作对现在产
生的结果，但前者所表示的结果是直接的，而后者所表示的则是最后的结果。如：
We have been cleaning the classroom．（a）
We have cleaned the classroom．（b）
（a）句可译为―我们打扫教室来着。‖其直接结果可能是：
我们身上都是灰。（b）句可以译为―我们把教室打扫过了。‖其
结果是：现在教室很清洁，可以用了 。又，（a）句表示教室刚
刚打扫过，（b）句则可能表示教室是昨天打扫的。
Be careful! John has been painting the door．（a）
John has painted the door．（b）
（a）句表示约翰刚刚把门油漆 过，现在油漆还未干，所以
你要小心。（b）句则无此含义，油漆可能已干了。

（2）现在完成进行时有时有延续性，现在完成时往往没有。
如：
They have been widening the road．（a）
They have widened the road．（b）
（a）句的意思是他们在加宽 马路，但尚未完工。（b）句的
意思则是已完工了。有时现在完成时有延续性（如一些属于持续
体的动词），但无临时性质。如：
Mr. Smith has been living in London since 1978．（a）
Mr. Smith has lived in London since 1979．（b）
（a）句有―史密斯先生在伦敦久居‖的含义，（b）句则没有。
（3）但现在完成进行时并不总是具有临时的性质，如：
My moth! er has been teaching English for twenty years．（a）
My mother has taught English for twenty years.（b）
（a）句在此并无临时性质，但较口语化。（b）句则较为正
式。又，（a）句表示动作现 在仍在继续．并将延续下去，（b）
句的动作是否延续下去，须由上下文决定，但在一般情况下都是延续下去的。
（4）现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复，现在完成时则
常常不带重复性。如：
Have you been meeting her lately？（a）
Have you met her lately？（b）

（a）句有―经常相会‖之意，（b）句则没有。（b）句如与
often，every day等时间状语连用，当然也表示动作在重复。
（5）现在完成进行时比较生动，有时含有明显 的感情色彩，
而现在完成时往往只说明一个事实，一种影响或结果，平铺直叙，
没有什么感情色 彩可言。如：
What have you been doing？（a）
What have you done？（b）
（a）句表示惊异。（b）句只是一个问题。
Have you been waiting long？（a）
Have you waited long？（b）
（a）句较（b）句生动。又，（a）句比较口语化。
I have been wanting to meet you for long．（a）
I have long wanted to meet you．（b）
（a）句比（b）句更亲切，更有礼貌。
Recently Mary has been doing her work regularly．（a）
Recently Mary has done her work regularly．（b）
（a）句显然是在表扬玛丽。（b）只说明一个事实。
下面还有一例，颇为有趣:
Who's been eating my apples？（a）
Who's eaten my apples？（b）
（a）句有强烈的感情色彩，表示愤怒不满，（b）句只是希
望回答的一个问题。又，（a）句兼有进行时态，所以有―苹果未

被全部吃光‖的意思 ，（b）句是完成时态，说明―苹果一个不剩
了‖。
3.现在完成进行时的含义：表示过去某一时间开始到现在经常重
复的动作。
现在完成进行时的构成：助动词havehas been+形式。当
主语为第三人称单数十，助动词用has,其他人称用have.
现在完 成进行时的用法：主要表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在
进行的一个动作，这个动作可能仍然在进行，也 可能停止了一会
儿。
4。for 的用法：1）在回答How long…?的问句时，fo r表示所指
时间或距离的全部，在这个含义上与表示“特定期间中某个长度”
的during 不同。2）可以用在过去时，现在时，将来时中，但是
若表示持续进行到现在为止时，则不能用现在时， 而要用现在完
成时。如，I have known him for years.我认识他很多年了。3）表
示某事物在所述时间要发生。如，The next meeting was arranged
for the fifth of June.下次会议定为6月5日举行。
5．since 用法：1）conj.自…以后；自从，后 接从句表示以过去
的某个时间为起点，持续到现在或过去的某个时候。Since之后
可以接过 去时的句子，也可以接表示过去的时间点。如，I have
been at his bedside since he became ill.自从他生病以来我一直在
他床边陪伴着他。2）prep.自…来，从…(至今)如，I have been in
this business since 1980.自从1980年以来，我一直经营这个生意。

【注意】since除了可以 与现在完成时连用外，还可以与过去完
成时，现在完成进行时连用。
【扩展】since, for都可以与完成时态连用。Since用来说明动作
的起始时间，而for用来说明动作延续时间， 因此，since后跟表
示某一时间点的名词短语，for后面跟表示一段时间的名词短语。
6．each 的用法：1）adj.各个的，各自的，每一个的。置于单数
可数名词之前。如，Each car has a steering wheel.每辆汽车都有
方向盘。2）pron.各个，各自。谓语动词用单数形式。如，Each
has his own task.每个人都有自己的工作。
Each, every: each指两个或两个以上的人或事物中的“每个”；
every指三个以上的人或事物的全体，和al l的意思相近；every
只修饰单数名词，谓语动词用单数，each为形容词修饰单数名词，
谓语动词为单数。作代词，单独使用，接单数动词，放在复数名
词和代词后作同位语，接复数谓语动词 ；代表each与every的物
主代词可以用his也可以用their.
【扩展】each of之后接名词或代词的复数形式，接名词时一定
要附加the或my等词，即“each of+代词的复数形式”或“each
of+themy+名词的复数形式”，但谓语动词要用单数形式。如，
Each of them has an idea of that.对此每个人各有见解。
7．a pair o f一双，一对，一条，后面用名词复数。当含有pair
的名词短语做主语时，谓语动词要与pair的 数保持一致。
与before“以前”：ago表示从现在算起一段时间“以前”，

< br>和动词的一般过去时连用。放在所修饰词的后面。Before则表示
从过去某时算起若干时间以 前，用于完成时。ago,before前可以
与具体时间连用“多少时间之前”
9．含有half的表达方式：数词+名词（单复数）+and +a half; 数
词+and+a half+名词（复数）
10．Because, since, as, for：四个词都表示“原因”的连词。以上
连词的语气由强到弱依次为because- since-as-for其中
because,since,as从属连词，引导原因状语从句；fo r为并列连词，
连接两个并列句。a)because“因为”，表示直接原因回答why的
提 问，一般放在主句之后，可单独存在。b)since“因为”“既然”，
侧重主句从句表示虽然的或已 知的理由。如，Since everyone is
here, let‘s begin.c)as“由于”，主从句并重，从句说明原因，主句
说明结果。As it was late, I must hurry up.d)for“因为，由于”，
表明附加或推断的理由， 引导的从句前常有逗号，for从句不放
在句首。He must be ill, for he isn‘t here today.
you for +感谢某人（做）某事，多用于事情已发
生的场合；与will连用，表示请求，要求；thank you to +v. 感
谢做某事，多用于事情未发生的场合； thanks to+n.多亏…，由
于
12．Probably副词，相当于almost certainly,意思为“或许，大
概，很可能”一般不放在not等含有否定意义的词之后。
13．run out, run out of: run out“用完了”，主语通常为时间，食

物，金钱，不用于被动语态；run out of“用完了”，表示主动含
义，主语一般为人，多用于进行时和完成时。
14．Teach的用法：teach sb sth教某人学某事；teach doing教导
做…, 教…；teach sb to do教某人做某事；teach sb+that从句 教
育人….
15.被动语态：1）被动语态的基本构成形式：主语+助 动词be+
构成形式2)被动语态的时态：被动语态的时态是通过助动词be
的变化拉力体现。 这个助动词必须与主语的人称和数相一致。现
在以teach为例，将被动语态常用时态列表如下：



现在
一般时态 进行时态 完成时态
has
been
taught
have
am
am
is
taught
are
is
being
taught
are
过去
was

taught
were
was

being
taught
were

had been taught

将来
shall

be taught
will


-------------
shall
have been
taught
will
过去
将来
should

be taught
would
should
--------------- have
been taught
would
3）主动语态和被动语态的结构相比（箭头表示动作方向）
主动语态：主语（动作发出者）→谓语（及物动词）→宾语（动
作承受者）

被动语态：主语（动作承受者）←谓语（be+动词过去分词）
←宾语（动作发出者）
He wrote the letter. →The letter was written by him.
4）主动句变被动句的基本句式：
a) 主：主语+助动词（情态动词）+谓语+宾语
被：主语（原宾语）+助动词（情态动词）+be+动词过去分词
+by+原主语
如，We will help him.→He will be helped by us.
b) 主：主语+动词短语+宾语
被：主语（圆宾语）+be+动词短语的过去分词+by+原主语

如，They looked after the babies.→The babies were looked
after by them.
c) 主：主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
被：主语（间接宾语）+be+动词过去分词+原直接宾语
主语（直接宾语））+be+动词过去分词+to(for)+原间接宾
语+（by+原主语）
如，We gave him some magazines.→He was given some
magazines.
Some magazines were given to him by us.
【注意】一般将主动句中表示人的间接宾语变为被动句中的主
语。
d) 主：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
被：主语（原宾语）+be+过去分词+原宾语补足语
如，They elected him their monitor.→He was elected their
monitor.
We told her to have a rest.→She was told to have a rest.
We heard the baby crying.→Thy baby was heard crying.
【注意】如果主动句中宾语补足语是不带to的不定式，变成被
动语态后一般要加to.
I saw him go to the church.→He was seen to go to the church.
The boss made Tom work day and night.→Tom was made to work
day and night.

【扩展】一般在以下几种情形时，需要使用被动语态。
１） 不知道动作的执行者，只知道动作的承受者时。
When we got there, the room had been cleaned already.
２） 不必要说出或出于礼貌不便说出动作的执行者时。
I was told that you were not honest enough.
３）有必要突出或强调动作的承受者时。
You were asked to answer this question.
与w hether:if和whether均可用于宾语从句中，意为“是否”；
if用于条件句中，表示“ 如果”，不能和or连用；whether常与
or连用，表示两种条件或情况。
Whether it rains or not, they decide to go.
【扩展】if not..如果不是…,表示惊讶或憎恶等情绪；if only意
为“若…那就好了，我多么希望…‖相当于how I wish；only..if..
意为“决不…除非…‖
If it hadn‘t been for the doctor‘s care, I should not be speaking to
you now.如果不是医生的照顾，我现在就不会和你说话了。
If only he arrives in time!若他及时到达就好了。
I‘ll only come if you promise me that you won‘t invite Henry.除非
你答应不请亨利，否则我不会来。

◆ unit7 Would you mind turning down the music?
目标语言：make requests and apologize.

重点句型：P52-1a,P53-2a&2b,P55-1a,
要求背诵的是P54-3a, P56-3a
知识点：
１． 基本用法：１）Would you mind doing?=Do you mind
doing..?“你介意…?‖ “请你…好不好？”是一种比较客气
的表达方式。Would you mind opening the window? ２）如果
要表示“请你不要做…好吗？”只需在doing 前面加not.
Would you mind not sitting in front of me?；应答用语：１）
如果同意表示不介意时，可用如下用语来表达：Certainly not.;
Of course not.;No,not at all.;Not at all.“好，可以”２）如果
不同意表示介意时，常用“Sorry.‖―I‘m sorry, b ut…‖及陈述某
种理由来表示拒绝或反对。；这一句型中的逻辑主语只能是谈
话的对方you ，如果想要对方允许自己做某事，可以用 ―Would
you mind my doing..?句型。
２． 形容词与副词之间的转化：１）以le结尾去e变y，possibl e
→possibly；２）在形容词后直接加ly,usual→usually；３）在
以 辅音字母+e结尾直接加ly,wide→widely；４）以元音字母
+e结尾，去e加ly,tr ue→truly；５）以辅音字母+y结尾变y
为i+ly,happy→happily
３． not at all“一点也不”用在否定句中，加强语气。表示程
度，还可以用于口语交际中作否定回答。
４． put on, wear, dress,have on, in: put on强调动作 过程“穿

上”为瞬间动词；wear表示结果或状态“穿着”,持续动词；
dr ess强调穿的动作，后面不能跟宾语（衣服）等，还可以作
名词，意思是“服装”，dress up化装，dress oneself 给某人
穿衣服，dress in穿衣服，have on表 示“穿…‖，相当于wear，
但没有进行时态；in介词，后跟表示颜色的名词，表示穿着
某 种颜色的衣服。
５． just, just now ,right now: just“刚刚”，用于完成时；just
now“刚才”，用于过去时；right now“立刻”，用于将来时。
６． in a minute, soon等多用于将来时，表示即将去做某事
in+时间段，after+时间段：１）“in+时间 段”只能用于一般
将来时，“after+时间段”可以用于过去时和将来时２）当二
者都用于 将来时的时候“in+时间段”表示从现在算起在一定
时间内，动作将在未来一周之内的某一个具体时间 内发生。
“after+时间段”是从这段时间之后算起，动作将在这段时间
之后发生。
７． very, too, so, quite以上几个副词均修饰形容词，副词表示
程度 ，“很，太，非常”；very应用最普遍“很”，只是一个表
示程度的副词，它表示的程度比quit e要强得多，very只用来
修饰形容词和副词的原级；too“太”，一般表示“相对某人而
言”；so“如此…,那么…‖,往往表明某一事物的程度时，会引
起另一种后果。换言之，so所修饰 的人或物表示原因后面会
有表示结果的句子。So…that…如此…以致于；quite既可以

表示充分肯定，意思是 “完全；十分”，也可以表示程度，
意思是“完全，十分”， 也可以表示程度，意思是“相当”，
quite可修饰动词，，形容词，副词，分词等。quite a +adj+n.
a very+adj.+n
８． move from…to …从…搬到…，迁移；move on继续向前走
９． yet, already,still:y et用于疑问句中，意为“现在，已经”；
用于否定句中，意为“还没”；already与still 用于肯定句中，
already意为“已经”，still意为“还，仍然”，already若用于< br>疑问句中，表示惊讶或意外；yet与still都可以修饰比较级，
意为“更加，益发”。
１０． put away收好，储蓄，放弃；put down放下，扑灭，
写下；put…into…把…翻译成…；put off延期；put up举起，
张贴，修建；put on穿上，上演
１１． See的用法：１）see+从句，意为“看到…,留意…‖如，
I saw that you weren‘t among the students.２）see sb do sth.看
到某人做某事；see sb doing看到某人正在做某事；see+名词 看
到
１２． voice, sound, noise:在这组词中，voice可以作名 词或动
词；sound可以作名词，动词，形容词和副词；noise只能用
作名词。这里仅就 它们作名词表示“声音”时的用法进行辨
析。1）voice专指人的声音（如说话，唱歌，笑的时候发 出的
声音等）。偶尔也指禽，虫鸣叫的声音，但一般不用于指其他

动物的叫声。 2）sound表示能听见的任何声音。3）noise通
常是指大而令人不快的噪音，嘈杂声，喧闹声 等。4）sound
和noise常与动词make连用，而voice则不能和make连用。
１３． take care意为“当心”，可单独使用或后接从句和动词
不定式。同义词组为be careful和look out；take a seat坐下同
义词组为sit down；take an interest in对…感兴趣；take away
拿走，使离开，消失；take back收回（语言，话语）；take care
of照顾，注意，保养；take charge of负责，接管；take down
拿下来，取下来，记下来，拆除；take for granted 想当然，
认为，后接宾语从句，此时常以it作形式宾语；take hold of
抓住；take in接受，理解，包括；take off脱下，匆匆离开，
起飞，停止使用；take office就职；take on接受，雇佣；take
out取出，带。..出来；take part in参加；take place发生，没
有被动语态；take pride in为。..感到自豪；take sb‘s place代
替某人；take up从事，占用；take it easy不要过于紧张，别
着急
◆ unit8 Why don‘t you get her a scarf?
目标语言：compare qualities
重点句型：P60-1c,p61-2c,p62-3a,p63-2c,
知识点：
１． get, receive,accept:get有“得到”“获得”的意思，在表
示 “获得”某物时，可能是被动接受也有可能是主动争取；

receive指收到了什么东 西，不一定接受，receive a letter
from…收到…的来信；accept着重指 以愉悦的态度或经过
自己的争取而得到或取得某物。
２． 情态动词should：1）表示 义务，意为“应该，应当，
最好”，比must较为委婉；2）与疑问词连用，表示意外，
纳闷 ，惊讶等，意为“究竟是…;到底…‖.
３． 表示建议：1）HowWhat about+名词代词动词-ing
形式？2）Why don‘t you +动词原形？=Why not+动词原
形？3）Let‘s…以let‘s开头的祈使句，表示建议对方和自
己一起做 某事。Let‘s后接动词原形。4）Shall we…?以Shall
we…?开头的疑问句，用于建议对方和自己一起做某事。回
答时如赞成，常用Yes, let‘s.
４． too…to……而不能…,to后面接动词原形具有否定含
义。这一句 型常可以转换成so…that…句型。当这种
too…to…句型转换成so…that句型时，为保 持句意的一
致，that引导的结果状语从句要根据时态用情态动词can‘t
或couldn ‘t加动词原形，that从句中的谓语动词要带宾语。
The boy is too young to go to school.=The boy is so young that
he can‘t go to school.
The box is too big for me to carry.= The box is so big that I
can‘t carry it.
【注意】当动词不定式和主语在逻辑上构成动宾关系时，该

动词后面不能再用it或them作宾语，该动词如果是不及物
动词，则必须在其后面加上相当的介词 或副词，方可与主语
构成搭配。如，The ice is too thin for me to skate on.
５． instead, instead of: instead为副词，在句中独立作状语，
instead of为介词短语，后面一般接名词，代词，介词和接
动词-ing形式。
６． for example, such as: for example例如，诸如。多作插
入语，当它表示“例如“时，其后面必须有逗号；such as
相当于like，意思为 “象…那样，例如，诸如”，其后面
直接加名词。
７． contest, compete,contend三者都有“竞争”的含义，均
为动 词：contest指在竞争中毫无保留地展示自己；compete
指在体育或辩论等需要竞争的活动 中，为征服或取胜而进
行的努力。有时暗指在奖赏的鼓励或刺激下进行竞争；
contend暗 示竞争的紧张程度。通常指双方成功的机会相
等，所以为取胜或征服对方就需要艰苦的努力。强调奋斗< br>或斗争的必要性。
８． contest,competition:contest指双方或 多方对垒比赛，多
指体育比赛，并且在比赛中的每一个人或每一个队都力图
战胜对方；comp etition多指能力，技巧，知识等方面的比
赛，竞争。
９． By的用法：by后跟表 示交通工具的名词，意思为“乘，

坐”；by意思为“凭借，用，靠”，表示方法或手段 ，常与
v.-ing连用；by意思为“在…旁边”，用来表示地点，意义
和用法近似于bes ide；by意思为“按照…,根据…‖；by意
思为“经过”，后常跟go, run, walk之 类的动词；by用于
被动语态中，后跟的名词表示行为的执行者，意思为“被，
由”；by意思 为“按…(计算)”，用来表示计量；by oneself
独自；by the way顺便
１０． as well的同义词为too,意思是“也”；as well as意思
为“同 ，和，也”。用来连接名词和代词等。谓语动词用单
数还是复数形式，要根据as well as前的名词或代词确定。
与动词连用时，用v-ing形式；as well as同义词组为not
only…but also…但侧重顺序不同。

◆ unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park?
目标语言：talk about past experiences
重点句型：P69-2b,p71-1a&2a
要求背诵的是P72-3a
知识点：
1. 现在完成时表示发生或已经完成的某一 动作对现在造成的
影响或结果。通常表示短暂动作或位置转移的动词（非延
续性动词，不能与表 示一段时间的状语连用；也可以表示
过去开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态。也就上说，现