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(完整)初一下英语一般过去时

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2020-10-23 11:29
tags:一般过去时

魔术家-领的成语

2020年10月23日发(作者:蔡万春)



第四讲:一般过去时
一、定义
:表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
1.表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态:
e.g. He was twelve last year.
She was at work.
2.表过去经常或反复发生的动作:
e.g. She often came to help us in those days.
Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella..

二、
常与一般过去时连用的词

1. 时间状语
ago(two hours ago(一段时间+ago)
yesterday(morning,afternoon,evening)
the day before yesterday
last week,last(year,night,month…)
具体时间(如)
just now
at the age of 10(过去时间段)
one day
long ago
once upon a time
this morning(afternoon, evening)
long long ago(很久以前)




the other day(前几天)
at the moment

三、一般过去时的构成
1、系动词be的一般过去时
构成:主语 + be(was, were) + 其他
主语是”I” 时 ----- was
主语为单数时 ----- was
主语为复数及 you时 ----- were
否定句的构成: 主语 + be + not + 其他
was not = wasn’t
were not = weren’t

【活学活用】填入适当的be动词。
1、Kitty_____an English girl.
2._________ (be) it cold in your city yesterday?
3、I_____not from Taizhou.
4. It ________ (be) hot yesterday and most children _______ (be) outside.
5、She_____tall.
6. How many people ________ (be) there in your class last term?
7. There ________ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening.
8. I__________(be) tired yesterday.
9.I _______ at school just now.

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________ at the camp last week.
________ students two years ago.
________ on the farm a moment ago.
Ling ________ eleven years old last year.
________ an apple on the plate yesterday.
________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.

2、情态动词的一般过去时
构成:主语 + 情态动词 + 动词原形+其他
She had to do her homework yesterday.
注意:情态动词后的动词一定要用原形,而且只能是情态动词的过去式。
They should(应该) be right.
否定句的构成:主语 + 情态动词 + not + 动词原形 + 其他
could not = couldn’t
must not = mustn’t
would not = wouldn’t
should not = shouldn’t
might not = might not
had not to = hadn’t to

【活学活用】填入适当的词。
1. She________(could not) speak English last year.
2. You________(must not) open the door last night.
3. They________(should not) be right at that moment.
4. She said she________(would not) go to Japan.

3、行为动词的一般现在时
构成:主语 + 行为动词 + 其他
These boys liked playing football.
The girl read English every morning in 1998.

加ed方法:
1.直接加ed:work—— worked look——looked
2.以不发音e结尾的单词,直接加d:live ——lived hope——hoped use——used
3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i加ed:study—— studied carry——carried worry——worried
26个字母中 除A E I O U五个元音字母外,其余21个都是辅音字母
4.以元音字母+y结尾的,直接加ed:enjoy ——enjoyed play——played
5. 以重读闭音节结尾的,双写最后的辅音字母+ed:stop—— stopped plan——planned
不规则变化的动词过去式:
have---had are ---were get---got say---said feel---felt dodoes---did is---was go---went
drink--drank eat--ate bring----brought think----thought buy ----bought catch---- caught teach ---- taught
sit----sat wear----wore cut----cut sweep ----swept sleep----slept become----became

【活学活用】
一、写出下例单词的过去式

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isam_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________
play_______ go________ make ________ does_________ dance________
worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________
put ______ throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________
二、完成句子
and Mary ___________ (come) to China last month.
__________ (read) English yesterday morning.
3.I ___________ (call) Mike this morning.
4.I listened but ___________ (hear) nothing.
___________ (begin) to learn Chinese last year.
week we _________ (pick) many apples on the farm.
__________ (make) him cry (哭) just now?
year the teacher ___________ (tell) us that the earth moves around the sun.
____________ to Japan last week. ( move)
10. He ate some bread and _________ (drink) some milk.


4. 否定句的构成: 主语 + 助动词(did)+not +行为动词原形 + 其他
These boys didn’t(did not) like playing football.
The girl didn’t (did not)read English every morning last year.
注意:didn’t之后动词一定要用原形

【活学活用】
一、将下面句子改成否定句
1.I had a word with Julia this morning.
_______________________________ _________________
Ming studied English this morning.
__________________________________ ______________
was an apple on the table last night.
______________________________________ __________
4. I got up very early this morning.
___________________________________ _____________
5. The police stopped me on my way home last night.
_______________________ _________________________
6. They gave the concert last night.
________________________ ________________________
二、按照要求改写句子
1. Mike _________________(not go) to bed until 12 o’clock last night. So she _______ (get ) up late.
2. He __________ (not find ) his key last night.
3. Her mother __________ (not give) the girl any present one her birthday.
4. Last week, I _________( not buy) a new bike, I _______(buy) a new kite instead.


5. 一般疑问句
含be动词或情态动词的一般疑问句
Were you a student ?
be动词 主语 其它
Yes,I was. No,I wasn’t.
be + 主语 + 其它部分?
肯定回答:Yes,主语+be

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否定回答:No,主语+be+not
注意:在回答时,主语要用相应的代词代替
Could you speak English last year?
情态动词 主语 动词原形 其他部分
Yes,I could. No,I couldn’t.
情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它部分?
肯定回答:Yes,主语+情态动词
否定回答:No,主语+情态动词+not
注意:在回答时,主语要用相应的代词代替

含be或情态动词一般疑问句的改写
秘诀:一调二改三问号
一调:即把句中的be或情态动词调到主语前;
二改:改换主语称谓,即将句中的主语I my mine we our ours等第一人称分别改为相应的第二人称
you your yours等;
三问号:句末的句号改为问号

【活学活用】将下例句子改成一般疑问句
1. I was an English teacher .
_________________________________________
2. He was happy yesterday.
_________________________________________
3. They were glad to see each other last year.
_________________________________________
4. I should sweep the floor a moment ago.
_________________________________________

行为动词一般疑问句的构成
问句: Did your parents go to school yesterday?
肯答: Yes,they did.
否答: No,they didn’t.
肯定回答用“Yes, 主语+ did.”
否定回答用“No, 主语+didn’t(did not).”
特别注意:对于行为动词的一般疑问句一定要注意动词的还原,
因为时态与数的变化已经体现在助动词上了。

含行为动词(或称为实义动词)一般疑问句的改写:
秘诀:一加二改三问号
一加:即在句首加助动词did;
二改:1、把谓语动词改为原形;
2、改换主语称谓;
三问号:句末的句号改为问号。

【活学活用】按照要求改写句子
2. We read English every morning last year. (改为一般疑问句)
________________ __________________________________
2. Tom’s father listened to English on the radio every evening . (改为一般疑问句)

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___ ________________________________________________
3. Mr. Green came to Shanghai a week ago. (改为一般疑问句,并做肯定回答)
_____________________________ ______________________
4. Millie lived in a flat in Beijing last week. (改为一般疑问句, 并做否定回答)
_ __________________________________________________
5. Daniel enjoyed playing computer games. (改为一般疑问句,并做肯定回答)
_____________________________ ______________________

6. 特殊疑问句
以疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有:what who whose which when
where how why等。
特殊疑问句有两种语序:
(1).如疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语提问 ,其语序是陈述句的语序:疑问词(+
主语)+谓语动词+其他成分?如:
who was singing in the room﹖
whose bike was red﹖
(2).如疑问词作其他成分,即对其他成分提问,其语序是:疑问词+一般疑问句语序? 如:
what class were you in﹖
What did she look like﹖
Where were you from﹖
What time did he get up every morning﹖
How did you know﹖
特殊疑问词+助动词+主语+动词原形+其他?
eg:Where did you do study English?
特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+其
eg:Why was your Mum so angry?
特殊疑问词+情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他?
eg:What could I do for you?


【活学活用】
一、选择正确的单词填空
(who, where, when)
1._____ was that pretty girl? She was my sister.
2._____ were Jack and Tom? They were behind you.
3._____ did you go to school? I went to school from Monday to Friday.
4._____ had a beautiful flower? John had a beautiful flower.
5._____ were they? They were my parents.
6._____ was my mother? She was in the living room.
7._____ were you going? We were going to the bakery(面包坊).
8._____ did Jim and Wendy play ball? They played ball in the afternoon.
9._____ did he jog? He jogged in the park.
10._____ were you last night? I was at home.
二、就画线部分提问
was my father. ________________________________________________ _
were under the tree.

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_________________ ________________________________
3.I often watched TV after dinner.(晚饭后) 提示:饭后强调的是时间问题。
_ ________________________________________________
swam in the swimming pool.(游泳池)
_______ __________________________________________
an flied in the sky.
_____________________ ____________________________
6.I often brushed my teeth in the evening when I was young.
______________________________________________ ___
liked to play with Bill.
___________________________________ ______________
's father played badminton(羽毛球) every weekend last year.
_____ ____________________________________________
supermarket was near the school.
___________ ______________________________________
laptop(笔记本电脑) was on the table.
_________ ________________________________________
er had a pair of earrings(耳环).
_________________ ________________________________
flowers were in the flower pot(花盆).
_____ ____________________________________________
grandpa often took us to the zoo .
_________ ________________________________________
14.I put the gold fish(金鱼) into the fish tank(鱼缸).
____________________________________ _____________
monkey slept last night.
_ ________________________________________________


课外作业:
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.He put the books away and ________ (go) home.
2. The boy is running and________ (tie) his shoes on the playground.
3. My father________ (buy) a new computer for________ (I ) yesterday.
4. He often ______ (go) to school by bike, but last year he often _________ (walk) to school.
5. After she finished _______ (pack) everything, she ________(go) to bed.
6. ---- Who______(wash) the plates on the table ?---- Jenny did.
7. ---- When _______ you_____ (see ) the film “ Titanic”?
8. It’s half past eleven now. Jim_____ (have) lunch. He usually______(have) it at this time.
9. She ______(write) to Jill last month. She _________(write) to him next time.
10. The students ________ (stop) talking when their teacher came up.
_____________ any hospitals (医院) in my hometown (家乡) in 1940. ( be not)
____________ enough milk at home last week, wasn’t there?

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____________ to Japan last week. ( move)
14. –When _______ you _________ (come) to China? - Last year.
she ________ (have) supper at home?
____________ (not clean) the room just now.
17._________ (be) it cold in your city yesterday?
many people ________ (be) there in your class last term?
________ (be) hot yesterday and most children _______ (be) outside.
20. There ________ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I _________ (have) no time to watch
it.
21. He ate some bread and _________ (drink) some milk.
22. ________ he __________ (finish) his homework last night?
23. I__________(be) tired yesterday.
24. I ___________(gain ) Arts degree last year.
25. What _________ you ___________ (do) last night?
26. My grandfather _________ (leave) Hong Kong for New York in 1998.
27. What _______ he ________ (do) yesterday?
28. Last week I _______ (buy) a new bike.
29. He ________ (be) here just now.
30. He __________ (not find ) his key last night.
31. My father __________ (drink) a lot of wine yesterday.
32. ________ you ________ (finish) your homework yesterday?
33. I ________ (eat) some eggs and bread this morning.
34. Her mother __________ (not give) the girl any present.

二、选择
( ) 1. Lee ________ his mobile phone at home.
A. was left B. has left C. had left D. left
( ) 2. _____ he ________ a good rest? No, he didn’t.
A. Have, had B. Did, have C. Did, had D. Had, had
( ) 3. When _________ Lee ________ school this morning?
A. had, got to B. did, get to C. did, get D. did, got to
( ) 4. Will you please say it again? I ________ quite _______ you.
A. didn’t, hear B. haven’t, heard
C. didn’t, heard D. hadn’t, heard
( ) 5. ______ you ________ at six o’clock yesterday?
A. Do ,get up B. Did, get up C. Do, got up D. Did, got up
( ) did you see _________?
A. now B. every day C. since 1990 D. just now
( ) went into the room and _______ the door.
A. lock B. locking C. locks D. locked
( ) 8. —What _____ you _______ last week?

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—I bought a bag.
A. did ,buy B. did , bought C. do, buy D. do, bought
( ) 9. —_____ he ____ his lunch?
— Yes, he did.
A. Have ,had B. Had, has C. Did, have D. Did, had
( )10.—Did the thieves _____ into the car?
—No, they______.
A. fell, didn’t B. fall, did C. jump, didn’t D. jump, did
( ) 11. —When did May come back from Hong Kong?
—She _____ from Hong Kong last Friday.
A. come back B. comes back C. returned back D. came back
( ) 12. ____ she _____ this dictionary in the bookshop nearby last week?
A. Did, buy B. Does, buy C. Did, bought D. Does, buys
( ) 13. He ____ to the station this morning and was______ for the train.
A. hurry, in time B. hurries, on time
C. hurried, in time D. hurried, at time
( ) 14. Where _____ Uncle Sun yesterday?
A. was B. were C. did D. does
( ) 15. —Have you seen him today?
—Yes, I ____ him this morning.
A. has seen B. see C. will see D. saw
( ) 16. He ______ worried when he heard the news.
A. is B. was C. does D. did
( ) 17. There _____ a telephone call for my brother Steven yesterday?
A. is B. are C. was D. were
( ) 18. Liu Fengwei _____ three yuan for the lost library book.
A. paid B. pay C. spent D. lost
( ) 19. He ____ in this school in 1958.
A. taught B. has taught C. teaches D. had taught
( ) 20. They _____ tired so they stopped ____ a rest.
A. are, have B. were, have C. were, to have D. are, having
( ) 21. Yesterday I _____ in bed all day because I had a fever.
A. lay B. lie C. laid D. lain
( ) 22. Hello, Mike. It’s you. I _____ you ______ in Beijing. How long have you been here?
A. don’t know, were B. hadn’t known, are
C. haven’t known, are D. didn’t know, were
( ) 23. It was raining hard when he ____ home.
A. got B. get C. gets D. was getting
( ) 24. He has taught in this school since he _____ work.
A. began to B. begins to C. begun to D. begin to
( ) 25. She said her brother ____ in Beijing. He ______ to Japan on business last week.
A. wasn’t, went B. hasn’t, went
C. wasn’t, would go D. would be, went

三、 单句改错:下面每句均有一处错误,指出并加以改正
1. Did you found the answer to this question?

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____________________________ _________________________
2. Mary and her brother was born on the same day.
____________________________________ _________________
3. We start this lesson about ten minutes ago. ________________________________________________ _____
4. She hadn’t anything for breakfast this morning.
_ __________________________________________________ __
5. They came here for a year.
_____________________ ________________________________
6. Amy singed a song for us at that party.
______________________________________________ _______
7. He said he will help me with my English when he was free.
_______________________ ______________________________
8. The man saw the bag until it was late.
______________________________________________ _______

四、按照要求改写句子
1. The children had a good time in the park.
否定句:__________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________
对划线部分提问:____________________________________
2. There were about nine hundred people at the concert.(音乐会)
否定句:__________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________
对划线部分提问:____________________________________
3. There was only one problem.
否定句:__________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________
肯定否定回答:____________________________________
4. Ann did her homework yesterday evening.
否定句:__________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________
对划线部分提问:____________________________________
5. Last week I read an English book.
否定句:__________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________
肯定否定回答:____________________________________
对划线部分提问:____________________________________

五、 翻译下列句子
1. 我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。
_________ _________ __________ __________ __________ exciting weekend.
2. Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本地理方面的书籍。
Jenny likes ______ _______. She _______ a book ______ ________ last night.
3. Emma每天都练习弹吉他。可是昨天他没有练习。他为数学考试作准备了。
Emma __________ the guitar every day. But he _________ ___________ yesterday. He _________ _________

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the math test.
4. 上周六他们做什么了?他们做作业和购物了。
What ________ they _________ _________ Saturday?
They _________ __________ homework and _________ ________ .
5. 今天早上方方得做饭,因为他父亲不在家。
This morning Fangfang _______ _______ _______ _______ because his father _______ ________ ________
yesterday.
6. 你还有什么要说的?
What _______ would you like _______ _______?
7. 放学别忘了向老师说声再见。
Don’t forget _______ ________ ________ ________ the teacher.
8. 为什么你昨晚没有看电视?
Why _______ you _______ TV last night?
9. 他在打扫教室的时候,发现地上有块表。
When he ______ the classroom, he ______ a watch on the ground.
10. 他什么时候出生的?1980年。
---When _______ he _______? ---_______ 1980.

教学反思

教学效果

下次课设想





参考答案

一、 2. tying 3. bought; me 4. goes; walked 5. packing; went 6. washed 7. did; see 8. is
having; has 9. wrote; will write 10. stopped 11. were not 13. moved 14. did; come 15.
have 16. didn’t clean 17. was 18. were 19. was; were 20. was; had 21. drank 22. did; finish
23. was 24. gained 25. did; do 26. left 27. did; do 28. bought 30. didn’t find
32. did; finish 33. ate 34. didn’t give
二、1. D 2.B 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. C 11. D 12.A 13. C 14. A
15. D 16. B 17. C 18. A 19. A 20. C 21. A 22.D 23. A 24. A 25.A
三、略
四、略

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五、1. I had a busy but
2. reading books; read; about geography
3. plays; didn’t practice; prepared for
4. did; do last; did their; went shopping
5. had to cook meals; wasn’t at home
6. else; to say
7. to say goodbye to
8. didn’t watch
9. was cleaning; found
10. was born; in





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