5-英语音标表、字母表-----字母、字母组合发音规律记忆口诀

英语音标表、字母表----- 字母、字母组合发音规律记忆口诀
一、尝试用“胸腔 辅助送力---—口腔后部发声法”背诵念读26个英文字母，
感觉学习标准发音，直到感觉音准，流利 ，升降调式自如为止。
印刷体：大写 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
小写 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

手写体倾斜：（注意四线格占格要求）

大写 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

小写 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

[ ei bi: si: di: i: ef dVi: eitF ai dVei kei el
em en Eu pi:kju: B: es ti: ju: vi: dQblju: eks wa
i zi:]
先观察以上字母的读音，然后，把含有共同元音因素的字母进行分类：
(1) [ei] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ]
(2) [i:] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] _
__[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ]
(3) [ai] ___[ ] ___[ ]
(4) [Eu] ___[ ]
(5) [u:] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ]
(6) [e] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ]
(7) [B:] ___[ ]
二、英语中元音和辅音(母音和子音)的分类表
英 语 音 标（采用口腔后部发声法发音）
声前元音：[i: I:] [i] [e] [A]
带
中元音：[Q] [E] [E: :]
振
动
振
动
后元音：[B:] [C:] [C] [u:] [u]
发
音
清
晰
[ai] [ei] [Ci] [iE] [ZE eE] [uE] [au] [Eu]
响
亮
发
音
含
1
发音特
征
元
单
音
元
*
音
母
音

双
元
音
气
流
通
畅
辅 哑不
音辅振[p][t][k] [f][s][W][F] [h] [tF][tr][ts]
*音 动

气
流
受

子浊
音 辅
音
振[b][d][g] [v][z][T][V] [r] [dV][dr][dz]
动 [m][n][N] [l][l] [w][j ]
糊
晦
涩
阻
[pr][pl][br][bl][kr][kl][gr][gl][fr][fl] [sn][sl][sk][sp][sw
辅音连
缀
][dw][hw][kw][tw] [Wr]
[pju:][bju:][tju:][ dju:][kju:][gju:][fju:][vju:][lju:][mju:
][nju: ][hju:][zju
三、英语拼音怎么来拼读：(也就是单词的音标怎么读。与我们汉语拼音很相
似)
（拼读规则：以元音为中心划分音节，按音节来拼读。）
拼读口诀：元音为中心，划分音节、 按音节拼读；多音节加重音、多音节一
重多轻发音，轻音节怎么轻怎么发音。重开音节读长音，轻闭音节 读短音。
例子：he[hi:], name [neim], table[`teibl], bicycle[`baisikl], teac
her[`ti:tFE], red, cap, and, thank, basket, yellow, umbrella,
*****{详细内容见后面第五节(本材料第8页)：五、音节划分。。。}
小测试：音标拼读练习。
[ai] + [E] →[aiE] [au]+ [E]→ [auE] [h]+ [iE]→ [hiE] [p]+ [ZE]
→[pZE] [t]+[Ci] →[tCi]
[ei]+ [tF]→ [eitF] [tF] +[ei]→[tFei] [g]+[Eu]→[gEu] [k]+[au]
→[kau] [sn]+[Eu]→[snEu]
[pr]+[au]→[prau] [pl]+[ei]→[plei] [gr]+[i:]→[gri:] [gl]+[u:]
→[glu:] [kl]+[B:]→[klB:]
[kl]+[B:]+[s]→[klB:s] [t]+[u:]+[W]→[tu:W] [br]+[au]+[n]→[braun]
[r]+[Q]+[b]+[E]→[`rQbE]
[b]+[B:]+[s]+[k]+[i]+[t]→[`bB:skit] [t]+[i:]+[tF]+[E]→[`ti:tFE]

[Q]+[m]+[br]+[e]+[l]+[E]→[Qm`brelE] [bai]+[si]+[kl]→[`baisikl]
[brQ]+[TE]→[`brQTE]
四、英文字母和常见字母组合的发音规则（或一般规律）：
1. 为什么要掌握字母和常见字母组合的一般发音规律？目的只有一个，让我们
能够做到 ------见字读音、音义结合。记住词形、服务拼写。第二步就是要反过
来，学会语音认字（类似我 们的拼音认字），通过多加练习，逐步达到听音写字、
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音义结合的水平。第三步是形义结合，练习英语汉语意义对应翻译。
例1：假如你知道字母组合ee一般发音是[i:] (规律), 那么，meet这个单词就
脱口而出了。
单词(词形)： meet 词义：遇见；初次见面认识；满足迎合；迎接出
迎。
[ __-__-__ ] → [ ] 读音音标
例 2：单词(词形)：which 词义：哪个，哪些
[ __-__-__ ] → [ ] 读音音标
例 3：单词(词形)：whose 词义：谁的？
[ __-__-__ ] → [ ] 读音音标
例 4：单词(词形)：pl ea se 词义：请，求你了,
[ __-__-__ ] → [ ] 读音音标
2. 英语26个字母和常见字母组合的一般发音规律：（要求熟记于心，脱口而
出）
总口诀：
元音字母音多变，熟记规则也不难。辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。
字母组合固定音，千锤百炼习语感。遇见生词找规律，划分音节顺口连，
元音字母在中间，辅音字母两边站，字母组合算一个，熟能生巧难亦简。
辅音字母发音小口诀：辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。
b发[b], c发[k], ci(y) ce多发[s]; 例词：blue, table, Crisp, class, p
icture, actor, pencil, bicycle, nice,
d发[d], f [f], g发[g] [dV], [V]少见; Sandy, dog, red, fly, coffee,
green, egg, orange, garage
h [h], j发[dV], k l [k] [l]可分连; her, here, his, jeep, Japa
n, book, look, blue, Klan class
m [m], n [n][N], p [p] q [k] r 发[r]; meet, am, no, green, thank, E
nglish, pen, cap, quickly, Crisp,
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s 最多[s]和[z], 趋唇[F] [V]也常见; sir, this, sit, is, his, whose, pl
ease, sure[F], usually[V], pleasure
x 发音剪头端，[ks]多于[gz]面； six, pencil-box, excuse, exercise; ex
am, (后接重读元音)
t 发[t], v 发[v], w 辅音[w]来念； teacher, it, very, voice, river, w
ith, swim, wash, which, white
最后一个字母z，发好[z]音才算完。zoo, zero, size, puzzle,
辅音字母一见发音表：
b
[b]
c
[k]c
ap
[s]c
ity
rice
bicy
cle

p
[p]
q
[k]
d
[d]
f
[f]
g h j
[dV
]

jee
p
Jap
k
[k
]

bo
ok
ke
l
[l]
m n
[g]egg [h] [m] [n]
[N]g
k

tabl
e
blue

[dV]

[-l]

bed coffee orange high
garbaghell
e
[V]gar
age
s
[s]des
k
[z]eas
y
[V]usu
ally
pleasu
re
[F]sur

t
[t]

v
o
blue meet nose
dog fly
an ep

w

x
[k
ball room pen
tabl
e
(y)
[j]y
than
k
z

r
[r]

[v] [w]
s] es
[g[ai]
[z]

penc
il
open



quic
k
quar
ter

[-r]
voic
e

was
h
swi
m

z] my
bo[i]b

rose
sorr
y
teac
sit
x usy
ex
am

zoo
teacheinvi
r
little
4
te
very zero

quicfree

her e kly ze
常见辅音字母组合的发音口诀： 字母组合固定音，千锤百炼习语感。
wh发音 [h] 和 [w], th 常发 [W] 和 [T]；
chtch多发 [tF], 有时发音 [F] 或 [k]；
sh [F], ph [f], gh 不发或发 [f](词尾)；
gedge 多发 [dV], ck 发 [k], kn [n];
ng 易发 [N] [Ng], qu发音 [kw] 和[k]。
wr 发卷趋 [r], 双写分节不分音。{ 动词或复数词尾s es, 多发[s][z]
和[iz]; ts [ts] ds[dz]}
例词：
wh发音 [h] 和 [w],
wh ---[ ] which, white, what, where, when, why [ ] whose, wh
o, whole {*whew [hw-]}
th 常发 [W] 和 [T]；th --- [ ] this, that, the, they, with [ ]
thank, three, tooth, forth, eleventh
chtch多发 [tF], 有时发音 [F] 或 [k]；
(t)ch ---[ ] chicken, chair, child, sandwich, catch, watch cha
se(追赶，追击，追求),
[ ] ache, headache, chemist [ ] machine[mE`FEn], chai
se [Feiz] (带篷二轮马车)
sh [F], ph [f], gh 不发或发 [f](词尾)； sh ---[ ] shoe, ship,
sheep, fish, wash, ash
ph ---[ ] photo, telephone, phrase gh ---[ ] right, light,
daughter [ ] laugh, cough
gedge 多发 [dV], ck 发 [k], kn [n];
(d)ge ---[ ] orange, page, bridge, fridge, porridge(麦片粥，稀
饭)
ck ---[ ] black, kick, lock, back
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kn ---[ ] knife, know, knock, knee(膝盖), kneel(跪下), knit
(编织), knob(球形把手, 旋钮),
knack (诀窍), knight(骑士,武士; **《金山游侠》，金山公司出
品的游戏修改软件),
ng 易发 [N] [Ng], qu发音 [kw] 和[k]。ng ---[ ] sing, song, long,
wing [ ] English, hungry
qu ---[ ] quick, quite(相当，十分), quiet (安静的，平静的), quart
er, require,
[ ] cheque(支票), unique(唯一，独有独特的), technique(技巧),
wr 发卷趋 [r],
wr ---[ ] wrong, write, wrap(包，裹), wrist(手腕), wrest(拧，扭),
wrestle(摔跤), wring(绞，扭)
双写分节不分音：miss, apple, egg, sorry, yellow, umbrella {双写元音
字母：see, zoo, book}
tstes ---[ ] its tail(它的尾巴), two baskets boats(两个篮子小
船), my coats shirts (我的上衣衬衫), three hats(三顶帽子), five
cats(五只猫), many streets(许多街道), two packets(两个包裹两包..),
some presents sweets(一些礼物糖果), two biscuits (两块饼干), a
box of chocolates (一包巧克力糖), ten minutes (十分钟), two gates
(两扇大门), in my pockets (在我的口袋里), two lights kites (两个
灯 风筝), two nests (两个鸟巢窝), two tea-pots (两个茶壶), some
carrots (一些胡萝卜), What’s this? It’s a pen. sits,
dsdes---[ ] two birds, two hands, English words, their beds, the
ir heads, two blackboards, goods(商品货物),
辅音连缀：pr ---[ ] practice, praise, pray, press, price, proud,
pl---[ ] please, play, plane, plan, place, plain, plenty (丰富,
大量), pliers (钳子(如老虎钳,手钳,扁嘴钳等),镊子),
plod(沉重地走, 辛勤工作), plop (扑通落下), plum(李子), plu
g(插头,插上),
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br---[ ] brag(吹牛), brake (闸，刹车), brain, break, bread, breed
(使)繁殖, 教养, 抚养), brown, bride(新娘),
bribe(贿赂, 向…行贿), brush
bl---[ ] black, bleed, blind, blouse, blood, blue,
cr-kr---[ ] crab(螃蟹), cradle(摇篮), cream, crop, cricket([昆]
蟋蟀, [运动]板球) criticize(批评, 责备), cry,
cruel(残忍的), kraut(泡菜), Kremlin (克里姆林宫),
cl-kl---[ ] class, claim((根据权利)要求得到, 认领, 声称, 主张,
需要) clean, clear, clock, close, click(发出滴答
声,单击n.滴答声) , club(俱乐部, 夜总会,), klaxon (高音喇
叭气笛, 电喇叭), Klan (=Ku Klux Klan)三K党)
gr---[ ] grade, grass, grape, graceful(优雅的，温文尔雅)，green,
great, grief(悲痛, 伤心事, 不幸, 忧伤), grin(露
齿笑, 裂口笑), groan(呻吟(着说), gruffly (说话或态度粗暴
地, 粗声地, 生硬地)
gl---[ ] glass, glad, gleam (发微光, 使闪烁), glide(滑行,滑翔), g
lobe(地球仪), glove(手套), glue(胶水胶合)
fr---[ ] France, French, free, fresh (新鲜的, 无经验的), frequent
(频繁的), friend (朋友), fried, fry, frog (青蛙),
from(自，从)，front (前面,前线,阵线), fruit (水果, 果实, 果
类, 成果), frustrated (感到灰心失败的)
fl---[ ] flat, flag, flame(火焰,热情), flap (拍打, 鼓翼而飞, 飘
动), flares (喇叭裤), flash (闪光, 闪现, 一瞬间), flea
(跳蚤), flee (逃跑, 逃走), fleer (狞笑, 讥笑), flesh (肉,
果肉), flinch (畏缩, 退缩, 畏首畏尾), floor (地板，楼层),
float (漂浮,浮舟,彩车), flood (洪水, 水灾, 淹没, 涌进,涌出)
flour (面粉), flow (流动, (河水)泛滥, 洋溢), flower
(花) , flu (流感), fly (飞翔，飞行)，flub (做得不好, 弄糟),
fluent (流利的, 流畅的),
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sl---[ ] slave (奴隶), slander (诽谤), slaughter (屠宰, 残杀, 屠
杀), sleep (睡眠, 睡觉), sleet (下雨加雪, 下冰雹),
sleeve (袖子), slice (薄片, 切片), slim (苗条的, 纤细的),
slip (滑倒, 失足), slogan (口号, 标语), slow(ly)
(慢的地), sly slily [slaili](狡猾的地),
sm---[ ] small (小的, 少的), smart (聪明的, 漂亮的, 灵巧地, 时髦
地), smarty (=wise guy自作聪明的人), smell
(气味, 臭味, 嗅, 闻到, 散发(...的)气味, 有(...的)气味),
smile ((～ at) 微笑), smog (烟雾), smoke (n.烟, 烟
尘, 烟幕v.抽烟, 吸烟vi.冒烟), smuggle (n.走私, 偷
带v.走私),
sn---[ ] snow, snake, snack (吃)快餐小吃)), snail (蜗牛), snap
(猛咬), sneer (冷笑,轻蔑的笑), sneeze (打 喷嚏),
snob snobling (势利的年轻人, 势利小人),
sk---[ ] skate, skating, skirt, ski (=skee滑雪), skim (掠过, 滑
过, 浏览), skin (皮肤, 兽皮, 皮毛), skint (身无分文
的, 穷光蛋的), skip (跳, 蹦,跳读), sky-blue (天蓝色的,
淡蓝色, 蔚蓝色)
sp---[ ] space (空间, 间隔, 距离, 空地, 余地), spade (铲, 铁锹),
Spain (西班牙), spare (多余的, 剩下的分让给),
spell, speak (说话, 谈话, 发言, 演讲, 说明事实, 表示意见,
操(某种语言)), spear ([spiE]矛, 枪), specific ([spi`sifik]特效药,
详细而精确的, 明确的), spice (香料, 调味品,情趣), spider (蜘蛛),
sport(运动,运动会), spume [spju:m](n.泡沫v.(使)起泡沫), spumous
(adj.起泡沫的, 泡沫状的), spur[spE:](n.踢马剌, 剌激物v.鞭策), spu
tter [`spQtE](.说话急快唾沫飞溅飞溅出喷溅声), sputum [s
pju:tEm](唾液, 痰), spy (特工, 间谍, 侦探,秘密侦察),
st---[ ] stand, stamp (邮票, 跺(脚), 顿(足)), stage (舞台,戏剧,
举行), star (星, 恒星, 明星, 名角), start (动身,开始,着手
8

惊动,惊起,起动,发动), staff (棒, 杖, 杆, 支柱, 全体职员),
stadium (露天运动场体育场), step, steep(陡峭的), stick (棍,
棒, 手杖粘住, 粘贴), stop, student, stupid (愚蠢的, 麻木的), st
upidity (蠢事,糊涂事), stutter (口吃, 结结巴巴的说), style (风格,
时尚, 文体),
sw---[ ] swab ([swCb]n.拖把, 药签,vt. 拭抹, 擦洗), swag(摇晃, 水
潭,垂花饰), swear(宣誓, 发誓), sweat(nv.(使)出汗),
sweater(厚运动衫, 毛线衫), sweep(扫, 打扫, 清扫, 席卷, 冲
光), sweepup(n.大扫除), sweet(甜的, 可受的, 美好的, 芳香的n. 糖
果),swim (swam,swum), swing (swang, swung,秋千, 摇摆, 摆动), swic
ky([美]威士忌酒), swig(nv.痛饮, 大喝特喝(尤指从瓶口喝的)), swift
ly(迅速地, 敏捷地), swindle (sb of…骗走某人的), swob(拖把, 海棉),
swobble(大口地吃), swoon(vi.昏晕, 昏厥惊讶, 酣睡n.狂喜, 陶醉), s
woop(n.突然下降, 猛扑vt攫取vi.飞扑, 突然袭击), sword(剑), swot(a
t.. for..up; vi.用功读书vt.用功学习n.苦读的人, 辛苦的工作),
dw---[ ] dwarf ([dwC:f]n.矮子, 侏儒v.(使)变矮小), dwell(at..i
n...居住 停留于;on..upon..细想, 详述),
tw---[ ] twelve, twelfth, twenty, twentieth, twain ([twein]n.两,
双, 二, 一对), twin(s), twig ([twig]n.嫩枝, 小
枝, 末梢), twice([twais]adv.两次, 两倍), twiddle (with…v.玩
弄, 旋弄,捻), twill ([twil]n.斜纹织物vt.把...织成斜纹adj.
斜纹织物的), twine ([twain]n.合股线, 细绳, 麻线, 搓v.搓, 织, 编饰,
(使)缠绕), twinge([twindV]n.一阵一阵痛, 如刺一样痛, 剧痛vt.使一
阵一阵痛, 刺痛), twinkle ([5twiNkl]v.闪烁, 闪耀, (使)闪光n.闪烁,
发光, 牛眼), twist([twist]n.一扭, 扭曲,手法, 螺旋状vt.拧, 扭曲,
绞, 搓, 捻, 使苦恼, 使转动, vi.扭弯, 扭曲, 缠绕, 扭动, 呈螺旋形),
two,
thr---[ ] three, thread(线，细丝, 线索, 思路, 螺纹), threaten(恐
吓, 威胁), threnode (哀歌), thrive(兴旺, 繁荣, 茁壮成长, 旺
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盛), throw(扔，抛，投，摔，掷，丢), through (通过，穿过，透过
〔时间〕从…的开始到末了，从头到尾；〔场
所〕到处，全面), throat (咽喉, 喉咙, 嗓音, 窄路), throne (王座,
君主), throstle (=wood thrush画眉鸟), thruput(吞吐量), thrust
(力推, 冲, 插入, 挤进, 刺, 戳), thrypsis([5Wripsis]粉碎性骨折),

u 提前练一练，看看有何难。小测试：
1). 见字读音: 写出下列单词的音标。
class [ ] this [ ] your [ ] you [ ] here [ ] S
andy [ ] Crisp [ ]
2). 音义结合：写出下列读音所对应的汉语意义。
[klB:s] _______; [hiE] ______; [blu:] ______; [sku:lbAg] _____
______; [kQm] ______;
3). 听音写字：根据音标写单词。
[klB:s] _______; [hiE] ______; [blu:] ______; [sku:lbAg] _____
______; [kQm] ______;
[hu:z] ________ [it] ___ [pli:z] ________ [daun] _______ [`ru:
lE] _______ [kQm] ____
4). 形义结合：英汉互译（即，写出对应的英语或汉语意思）。
her -____; thank-_______; 定冠词 这个或那个-______; 书-______;
rubber -_______;
小姐 -______; 帽子 -_____; Sit down please. ________; Thank yo
u. _______; Here you are.
_________; Yes, it is. ________; Come here, please. __________
_;
?字母L的两种读音口诀：音节开头发清音[l -], 音节末尾模糊音[- l],
[l - ] lazy, like, look, long, lubber ([`lQbE] adj.粗笨的, 笨拙的n.
傻大个), black, please, clock, color, toilet, holiday, English,
Italian, nationality, lollipop,
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[- l ] girl[E:l], ball [C:l], small, school[u:l], well[el], smell, le
vel[(E)l], smile[ail], hill[il], old[Eul], cold, child[ail], chi
ldren [il], full [ul], beautiful [ul], apple [pl], people, pupil,
table [bl], impossible, label ((贴)标签), little [tl], bottle,
title, middle [dl], cradle(摇篮),bicycle [kl], eagle [gl], penci
l [sl], puzzle [-zl], dazzle[5dAzl](眩目，晃眼，耀眼),
常见音节尾音总结：[i:l il el Al Ql El E:l C:l Cl u:l
ul ail eil Cil iEl uEl aul Eul ]
[-pl -bl -tl -dl -kl -gl -fl -vl -sl -zl ]
[-pEl -bEl -tEl -dEl -kEl -gEl -fEl -vEl -s
El -zEl ]
?元音字母a e i(y) o u 的发音口诀： 元音字母音多变，熟记规则也不难。
重开音节多长音，[ei][i:][ai][Eu][ju:u :]来拼；重闭音节轻音短，[A]
[e][i][C][Q][u][E]
a接r ss常发[B:A], 还有[ei][A] [CC:][i] [E]。e的发音首数[e]，空
尾重[i:]轻[i][E]。
重开音节i发[ai]，重 闭轻音短[i][E]。o发长音[Eu][C:][u:]，短音[Q][C]
[E] one殊。
u字多发 [ju:]和[Q]，忙碌busy(i)加[u:][u]。y头发[j]重读[ai]， 轻音
结尾[i]变来。
ay ,ey, ouy，多发[ei][i],[Ci][ai]。r前元音常卷舌，S后弱音须强化。
相近发音不规则，省力顺口是关键。相近强化加弱化，使得元音多变化。
例词：
a--- [ ei B: A C: C E i ] 强化音[ei]，弱化音[E]a接r ss常
发[B:A], 还有[ei][A] [CC:][i] [E]。
name [ei], table [ei], car [B:], park [B:], class [B:], basket [B:
A], as [A], ass [A], father [B:], afterward(s) [B:E](然后, 后来),
dollar [E],cap [A], catch [A], grammar [AE], America [E], asleep,
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alone, afraid, banana [E B:E], woman [E], water [C:], watch [C],
what [C], war [C:], orange [i],
e--- [ i: e i E -*(词尾空音) ] 强化音[i:]，弱化音[E i ] e
的发音首数[e]，空尾重[i:]轻[i][E]。
he [i:], she [i:], we [i:], me [i:], evening [i:], red [e], pencil
[e], empty [e], desk [e], umbrella [e], French [e], basket [i], w
omen [i], pretty [i], the [E i:], children [E], open [E], hundre
d [E i:],
-*(词尾空音) ---- whose [z], house [s], nice [s], face [s], whi
te [t], name [m], give [v], side [d], wake [k], prize [z], fine
[n], tube [b], orange [dV], employee [i:] (职工, 雇员, 店员), appl
e [pl], table [bl], little [tl], middle [dl], bicycle [kl], eagle
[gl](鹰),
i--- [ ai i: i E ] 强化音[aii:]，弱化音[E i] 重开音节发[i:
ai]，重闭轻音短[i][E]。
right [ai], bicycle [ai], white [ai], police [i:], this [i], which
[i], his [i],building [i], beautiful [E], holiday [E],
o--- [ Eu Q C C:u: u E wQ-] 强化音[Eu C:u:]，弱化音[E]
o发长音[Eu][C:][u:]，短音[Q][C][E] one殊。
no [Eu], cold [Eu], those [Eu], come [Q], some [Q], mother [Q], br
other [Q], son [Q], month [Q], dog [C], not [C], hot [C], sorry
[C], shop [C], locker [C], box [C], orange [C:], whose [u:], who
[u:], do [u:], to [u:], two [u:], woman [u], policeman [E], today
[E], occasion [E](场合, 时机, 机会), aeroplane [E], one [wQn],
once [wQns], reservoir [`rezEvwB:], [ ai j i ] 强化音[ai]，
弱化音[i] y头发[j]重读[ai]，轻音结尾[i]变来。
your [j], you [j], yes [j], yellow [j], young [j], my [ai], why [a
i], tyre [ai], style [ai], fry [ai], cry [ai], bicycle [i], baby
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[i], ready [i], hungry [i], very [i], thirsty [i], empty [i], busy
[i], body [i], slowly [i],
常见元音字母组合发音口诀： 字母组合固定音，常受影响发音变；千锤百
炼习语感。
组合爱发长双元(音(重读音节))；常受影响发音变；为了顺口图方便，近似
发音相变换。
另有强化加弱化，多个字母省略念。外来古语不规则(发音)，熟读百遍字腔
圆。
a--- ay [ei] day, say, play, way, weekday, birthday, [i] Sunday,
Monday, …
ar [B:] car, star, farm, are, park, garlic, [E] dollar, colla
r, grammar, particular [pE`tikju:lE],
al [C:] all, ball, small, hall, walk, chalk, [B:] half,
[C:l Al El ]非组合式的情况：although[C:l], alga [`AlgE](藻类,
海藻), algal [`AlgEl](adj.海藻的), algebra [Al`dVibrE] (代数
学), signal [lsigEl](信号发信号, 用信号通知),
au [C:] daughter, fault, audience, cause, August[`C:gEst] (八月),
august [C:`gQst](令人敬畏的, 威严的),
[C] because, [au] kraut(泡菜), [B:] laugh,
air [ZE] air, chair, hair, pair, fair,
ai [ei] aid, aim, rain, afraid, wait, maid, straight, faith (信
念, 宗教信仰, 忠实,),
aw [C:] draw, law, saw, awful, raw,
e--- ea [i:] teacher, tea, eat, meat, read, clean, heal, [e] bread,
breakfast, head, [ei] great, break, steak,
ee [i:] meet, teeth, see, three, green, week, freezing, queen,
ei [ei] eight, weigh, weight, [i:] receive, ceiling, deceit (n.
欺骗, 谎言), deceive(v. 欺骗, 谎言), receipt (收条, 收据,
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收到), perceive (v.察觉感知, 感到), conceit (原义;自负, 幻
想),
er [E:] her, herd(兽群, 牧群放牧), emergency (紧急情况, 紧急突
发事件, 非常时刻,), [E] teacher, sister, brother, farmer,
worker, letter, over,
ear [iE] ear, hear, near, year, fear, earwig (偷听者), [ZE] pear,
wear, swear(宣誓, 发誓),
[E:] early, earth, earn,
ere [iE] here, sphere (球体), hemisphere (半球), [ZE] there, er
e (prepconj. 前于...; 在...以前),
eir [ZE] their,
eer [iE] beer, deer, cheer(欢呼喝彩), sneer(冷笑,讥笑), jeer(讥
讽嘲弄), engineer, ,
ey [ei] they, grey, hey,
ew [ju:] new, few, hew(砍), view(景色, 风景, 观点, 见解), ewe
(母羊),
i--- ir [E:] girl, sir, thirsty, shirt, skirt, first, thirty, whirl
((使)旋转), stir (轰动, 激起,搅动),
ie [i:] piece, niece(侄女, 甥女), field, thief, believe, belief,
achieve(完成, 达到), chief(首领, 领袖, 酋长, 长官主要的,
首要的, 首席的, 主任的), grief(悲痛, 伤心事, 不幸, 忧伤), re
lief((痛苦等的)减轻),
ire [aiE] tire(轮胎；使劳累), tired(累的，疲劳的), wire(金属丝,
电线),
igh [ai] right, light, fight, might(也许, 或许; 可能), night, kni
ght,
o--- or [C:] or, for, fork, morning, short, torch, more, [E:] work,
worker, [E] actor, doctor, forget,
oa [Eu] boat, coat, goat, goal,
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oo [u:]school, food, too, room, tooth, spoon, moon, boot, root, w
ool, mood(心情, 情绪, 语气, 状态),
[u] book, look, cook, good, football, foot [Q] blood, flood,
ou [au] house, blouse, trousers, mouse, mouth, south, ouch, out,
our, hour, flour, sour, mountain,
[Q] young, touch, rough(粗糙的, 粗略的, 大致的, 粗野的), [u:] y
ou, through, rouge [ru:V](擦口红胭脂), [u]would, could, should,
[C:] cough,
ow [au] brown, down, how, now, towel, tower, [Eu] yellow, bowl,
show, blow, snow, throw
oyoi [Ci] boy, toy, enjoy, employ, noise, noisy, toilet, oi
l, boil,
our [au] our, flour(面粉) [C:] your, four, course,
ore [C:] before, more, forehead, foresee,
oor [C: JE] door, floor, moor(荒野;停泊, 系住),
u--- ur [E:] turn, Thursday, hurt, fur, urge, further, urban (城市
的, 市内的), suburb, suburbia (郊区居民),
ure picture, future[tFE], sure[FuE], pleasure, measure[V
E],
ua [JE] usual, usually, February, graduate [`grAdJEt](大学)毕业
生, 研究生),
非组合发音： graduate [`grAdjJeit] (v. (使)(大学)毕业), [jJE]
January,
uy [ai] buy, guy, u--- [ ju: Q u u: i ] 强化音[ju:
u:]，弱化音[i]u字多发 [ju:]和[Q]，忙碌busy(i)加[u:][u]。
use [ju:], usually [ju:], tube [ju:], music [ju:], pupil [ju:], ru
bber [Q], umbrella [Q], mum [Q], hungry [Q], bus [Q], just [Q],cu
p [Q],put [u], full [u], pull [u], ruler [u:],Sue [u:],blue [u:],
15

minute [i], busy [i] 音节、音节的结构和类型、音节划分、音节重音和
拼读：
1. 音节就是英 文单词字母(或发音)的排列单位，一个单位算
一节。连读起来轻重缓急，流利有节奏，便于听说阅读。
2. 音节的结构、类型：口诀： 完全结构头中尾(音头音中
音尾)，元音 字母占中央(包含组合)，缺头少尾有开闭(音节)，e尾成音r
音节。
开音节闭音节：以元音或不发音的e结尾的叫开音节，以辅音结尾的是闭
音节。
开音节(词) ：[以开音节结尾] a, area, tea, by, day, no, boy, buy, g
rey, ba*by, ru*ler, rub*ber, fa*ther, the, she, we, he, bee, ta*b
le, ap*ple, name, bi*cy*cle, banana, orange, some,
闭音节(词)：bas*ket, bag, cap, class, miss, cross, rain, ti*red, b
ed, red, yes, egg, sit, it, begin(开始), hot, not, boat, boil(沸
腾，煮沸，激动), cup, sun, cut, put, but, mutton(羊肉), meet, woma
n,
r音节：元音字母(a e i o u) + r构成的独立的音节，也可以前后加辅音
字母共同构成音节。
例如：far(远的), arm, er (嗯~), her, tea*cher, ru*ler, sir,
girl, stir(轰动, 激起), or, for(为了，对于，因为，适合), short, f
ur(毛皮), turn, ar?ti?cle(文章), or?der (命令, 定购, 定制；次序,
顺序,秩序), ur?gent (急迫的, 紧急的), ur?ban (城市的, 市内的),
成音节： 辅音字母(有时跟不发音弱化音的元音字母) + l, m, n, (常常
带有不发音的e)可算作一个音节。
例如：la?bel ((贴)标签), pu?pil, pen?cil [sl], ta?ble, bi?c
y?cle, lit?tle [tl], ap?ple [pl],
peo?ple,
3. 划分音节口诀： 音节中心看母音，辅音要向两边站。中 心
之间辅音连，一靠后,二分手；多个中间偏左右，字母组合算一个(音)。多
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音节尾 -l -m –n(e)，前有辅音成音节。
例子：学会一眼识破音节数目，运用语音规则，做到见字读音。
闭音节：pen [pen], cap [kAp], bas*ket [`bB:skit], green [gri:n], b
ook [buk], and [And], eat [i:t],
开音节：he [hi:], she [Fi:], tea [ti:],my [mai], tea?cher [`ti:tF
E], rea?dy [`redi], Ju?ly [`dVu(:)lai],
ru?ler [`ru:lE], her [hE:],
成音节： ta?ble [`teibl], ap?ple [pl], bot?tle [tl], mid?dle [dl],
bi?cy?cle [`baisikl], pen?cil [sl],
se?ven [`sevn], e?le?ven [i `lev(E)n],
不发音的e 尾：come [kQm], please [pli:z], whose [hu:z], nice [nai
s], name [neim], give [giv],（开音节的外形，多读长音。）
4. 单词重音（重音符号ˊ）：双音节和多音节词中常常重读
一个音节，其 它读轻音。遇到生词，有音标当然省事，但在无音标的情况下，
至于哪个音节要重读，由于英语词源、构 词、例外情况等诸多因素限制，不
可能将每个生词读的完全无误。只能掌握的一般规律：
重音口诀： 为了顺口有节奏，张口由大变到小(省气力)，大口长音多重读，
还要保持身平衡 (整个单词发音)，特别写法长又多(特别是写法很长的多音
节词)，倒数第三多琢磨。(一般是)前轻 ---中重----后又轻。哪儿平顺哪(儿)
读重。
一般具体做法是：① 单音节都重读；这类单词很多。例如：meet, and, cl
ass, which, house, bread
② 双音节词 ▲ (发长音或大口音重读, 这类单词很多，例如：`teacher [`
ti:tFE], `ruler [`ru:lE], `basket [`bB:skit], `apple [`Apl], `tab
le [`teibl],tired [`taiEd], `lazy [`leizi], `open [`Eup
E
n], `
sorry [`sCri], Ju`ly, pre`fer, po`lice, to`day,
▲ (两音平(音长和张口大小接近的)开头重读; 这类单词很多，例如：`rub
ber, `Sandy, `sandwich, `pencil, `brother, woman, `sister, `ready,
`hungry, `very, `busy, `picture, `listen, `Betty, `empty, `prett
17

y, clever [`klevE], letter [ `letE],
▲ (带前后缀多词根重读。例如：a`gain, a`loud, a`sleep, be`gin, be`
fore, be`side, be`hind, `quickly, `friendship, `boyish, `buildin
g,
④ 多音节词倒数第三个元音字母(音节)重读。带前后缀多词根重读。
例如：`Italy,(I`talian), A`merican, `beautiful, natio`nality, `exe
rcise, `chocolate, `newspaper, suddenly, inter`national, `cham
pionship, `countable, `interesting, mechano`therapy (力学疗法),
③ 合成词保持开头单词的重音：例如：policeman, `pencil-box, `footba
ll, `ice-cream, `classroom, `schoolboy, `postman, `milkman, `tea-
pot, `Jack-in-the- box, `hide-and-`seek, `snakes-and-`ladders,
u 小测试：给下列单词划分音节, 并拼读出来。(单音节词下划线，多音节词
用竖线分割。)
1). yes, here, sorry, yellow, football, brother, woman, sister, h
ungry, very, thirsty, busy, tired, picture, quickly, evening, emp
ty, children, school, funny, actress, policewoman, open, clever,
heavy, banana, 2). exercise, beautiful, thick, light, small, Fren
ch, German, English, Italian, American, letter, mother, street, c
olour, locker, dirty, towel, our, lady, twins. sandwich, duster,
hurry, headmaster, playground, 3). upstairs, perhaps, asleep, tod
ay, holiday, animal, lollipop, instead, biscuit, chocolate, minut
e, fine, shell, gate, near, under, newspaper, silly, beside, behi
nd, between, together, attention, laugh, matter, 4). face, ear, a
eroplane, goal, trousers, knife, chimney, water, make, turn, piec
e, easy, course, watch, basin, hopscotch, game, throw, stone, win
dow, telescope, across, into, happen, present, birthday,
u 注意：这语音方面的 技能需要在下面不断练习，我们可以把教材里的单词多
多练习。一有时间就拿起教材进行训练。天长日久 ，会取得你满意的效果。
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