无穷大中文操作系统-fell怎么读
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解
小口诀:
宾语从句三注意,时态语序引导词;主句一般现在时,从句不需受限制;
主句一般过去时,从句须用相应时;陈述转化that引,一般疑问用ifwhether,
特殊问句疑问词,引导词后陈述式。
一.基本讲解 来源:直接引语变间接引语
概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
Eg: He said,“I am
good at drawing”.
He said he was good at
drawing. (动词宾语)
1.引导词
(1)
that引导宾语从句时,通常用陈述句充当, that可省略。
Eg: She
said,“I want to go there ” She said (that) she
wanted to go there.
(2) whether 或 if
引导的宾语从句,由一般疑问句选择疑问句充当,陈述语序。
Eg: “Are you
interested in geography?” she said.
She asked ifwhether I was interested in geography.
I wonder if whether she has told the new to Li
Lei .
I’m not sure whether he will
come or not.
注意:一般情况下,whether 和if 可以互用,
但有些情况例外
a. 介词短语后只用whether 不用if
eg: We
are talking about whether we'll go on the panic.
b. 引导词与动词不定式或or not 连用时,只用whether.
eg:I can’t say whether or not he will come on time
c. if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句,表示‘如果’,不能用whether.
Eg: If you want to be a good teacher, it will take
times.
Whether you can succeed depends
on how much effort you pay.
(3).
特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时,不可省略,陈述句语序。
特殊疑问词为:how , when,
where, why ,which whose.
E.g. ‘What do you
want?’ He asked. He asked me what I wanted.
I have no idea where he is now. I don’t
know how to deal with it.
He asked whose
handwriting is the best in the class.
2.宾语从句时态
a.主句为一般现在时,从句不受主句的限制
eg: Do you know
ifwhether he has seen the film?
I’m sorry to
hear that your father is ill.
She says she is
going to go to Beijing next week.
He tells me
that his sister came back yesterday.
b.当主句是一般过去时,从句用过去的相应某种时态
She didn’t know
why the boy was late again. (过去一般)
I didn't
know ifwhether he had seen the film.(过去完成)
I
wondered when she was going to America.(过去将来)
注意:当主句是一般过去时,而从句表示的是客观真理,自然现象,科学原理,格言等,
从句仍然要用
一般现在时。例如:
Eg: He said (that the earth moves
round the sun. that light travels much faster
than sound.)
The teacher told us
(seeing is believing.)
3.语序:陈述语序,主+谓+其他
*
when will you leave for Beijing?(Could you please
tell me)
Could you please tell me when
you will leave for Beijing?
*Has she seen the
movie?(He asked.)
He asked if she had
seen the movie.
*Could you tell me what's the
matterwrong with you?
宾语从句是英语复合句中的其中
非常重要的从句之一。它是用一个句子做另一个句子的
宾语,将这个句子叫做宾语从句。宾语从句做介词
或及物动词的宾语。现在从下列三个方
面总结归纳如下:
一,引导词
A,由that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句,在很多动词如say, think, wish ,
hope, see, believe,
agree, expect, hear , feel
等动词后。连词that只起连接作用,在从句中不做句子的成分,也无
词汇意义,在口语中常被省略,
但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好,特别是在笔语中。
例:I told him that
he was wrong.
l在think,believe, suppose,
expect等动词引起的宾语从句中,有时谓语尽管是否定意义,
却不用否定形式,而将think
等动词变为否定形式。
例:I don’t think you are right.
(我认为你做的不对)
l在许多带有复合宾语的句子中,that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面,而用it
做形式宾语。
例:We think it wrong that he told a lie to
everyone (我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)
B,由连词if、
whether 引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。Whether,if
在从句中不做句
子的成分,一般情况下,whether和if 可以替换。
例:I
don’t know ifwhether he will come tomorrow.
The teacher asked ifwhether we had finished the
experiment.
l在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导
例:Everything depends on whether we have enough
money。
l宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导.
例:I
don’t know whether the movie star will come or
not.
l和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.
例:Whether
to go there or not hasn’t been decided.
二,宾语从句的语序,
宾语从句从句的语序必须是陈述语序,既连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分
例:I
believe that they will come soon.
He asked
me whether I was a teacher.
They wanted to
know what they can do for us.
三,宾语从句的时态。
宾语从句的时态受主句的限制,
既:主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定。
主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去
的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前,
则从句要用过去完成时态。
例:
1)She says that she is a student.
She said that she was a student.
2)She
says that she will fly to Japan in a week.
She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.
3)She says that she has finished her
homework already.
She said that she had
finished her homework already.
4)She says
that she can sing a song in English.
She
said that she could sing a song in English.
l如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
例:The teacher said that the earth goes round the
sun.
He told me that Japan is an island
country.
lCould you tell
me…是用来征询对方的意见,语气委婉,并不表示过去。
例:Could you
tell me when we will visit the Histury Museum?
注意事项:
※由陈述句变成宾语从句时,要注意人称的变化。
例:She said: “I have been to England before.”
She said that she had been to England before.
She asked me: “Do you like maths?”
She
asked me if I liked maths.
※宾语从句与简单句的交换。
由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句,如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同
一个
人时,可以用“疑问词+不定式”做宾语的简单句结构。
例:I don’t
know what I should do next.
宾语从句专项习题
巩固练习
you decided ________for
Australia?
A. when will you leave B.
when do you leave
C. you will leave when
D. when you will leave
you tell me _________
?
A. where does Tom live B. where Tom lived
C. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives
old man
asked me ________ .
A. where was the cinema
B. where is the cinema
C. where the cinema was
D. where was the way to the cinema
4.I think
_______ you will like him.
A. that B. if
C. why D. how
5.I didn’t know _______ he
will come or not.
A. that B. whether C.
weather D. how
6.I wonder _________ .
A.
how much cost these shoes B. how much do
these shoes cost
C. how much these shoes cost
D. how much are these shoes cost
asked me
_________
A. who he was B. who was he C.
who is he D. who he is
him ___.
A. whose
cup this is B. whose cup is this C. this is whose
cup D. whose is this cup
9.I don’t know
_________ .
A. what time the movie starts
B. what time starts the movie
C. the time to
start the movie D. the movie what time
starts
doctor asked me how long ________ .
A. was I ill B. have I been ill C. I
have been ill D. I had been ill
weather
forecast doesn’t say _________.
A. if it rains
tomorrow B. if does it rain tomorrow
C. if it will rain tomorrow D. if
will it rain tomorrow
you know _________?
A. whose pen is this B. whose
pen this is
C. whom does the pen belong to
D. whom the pen belong to
you tell me where
_________?
A. the tape was B. was the tape
C. the tape is D. is the tape
want to
know _________?
A. where is the hospital
B. how old are you
C. when the train will
leave D. why is the boy crying
wanted to
know _________.
A. what had Father Christmas
put in his stocking
B. when Father Christmas
had put in his stocking
C. what Father
Christmas had put in his stocking
D. where
Father Christmas had put in his stocking
one knows ___ the professor will come
to our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not.
A. when B. whether C. where D.
if
didn’t know_________.
A. where is
Tim’s father B. when was the first watch
made
C. who the old man is D. what
was wrong with her watch
one told us
_________, so we need your help.
A. how should
we do B. what we should do C. what to do D.
what should we do
don’t know _________ with
the rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea.
A. how do it B. how to do C.
what do it D. what to do
asked me
_________.
A. whether I find out the sender of
the money
B. whether did I find out the
sender of the money
C. whether the sender of
the money found out
D. whether I found out
the sender of the money
能力提高练习
1. I don't know _________ he will come
tomorrow. _________ he comes, I'll tell you.
A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C.
if; That D. if; If
2. I don't know
_________ the day after tomorrow.
A. when
does he come B. how will he come C. if he
comes D. whether he'll come
3. Could you
tell me ____the nearest hospital is?
A. what
B. how C. whether D. where
4. Could you
tell me _________ the radio without any help?
A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C.
how he mended D. what he mended
5. I want to
know _________.
A. whom is she looking after
B. whom she is looking
C. whom is she
looking D. whom she is looking after
6. Do you know where _________ now?
A.
he lives B. does he live C. he lived
D. did he live
7. Do you know what time
_________?
A. the train leave B. does the
train leave C. will the train leave D. the train
leaves
8. I don't know _________. Can you
tell me, please?
A. how the two players are
old B. how old are the two players
C.
the two players are how old D. how old the
two players are
9. The small children don't
know _________.
A. what is their stockings
in B. what is in their stockings
C.
where is their stockings in D. what in
their stockings
10. I can't understand _____.
A. what does Christmas mean B. what
Christmas does mean
C. what mean Christmas
does D. what Christmas means
11. I don’t
know _____ he will be back home.
A. who B.
what C. when D. where
12. Could you tell me
___________?
A. where do you live B.
who you are waiting for
C. who were you
waiting for D. where you live in
13. Do you
still remember _______?
A. that he said B.
what he said C. did he say that D. what did he
say
14. I can’t understand ______the boy
alone.
A. why she left B. why did she
leave C. why she had left D. why had she left
15. She told me the sun ______ in the east.
A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen
16. They tried to find out ______ the new
train ________.
A. how far had gone B. how
long has gone C. how far went D. how far had run
17. The manager came up to see __________.
A. what was the matter B. what the matter was
C. what the matter is D. what’s the matter
18.
Can you tell me ___________?
A. what are you
doing B. where do you study C. what you were
doing D. what to do it
19. He asked his
father _______.
A. where it happens B. where
did it happen C. how it happened D. how did it
happen
one tells us______, so we need your
help.
A. how we should do B. what should we
do C. how to do it D. what to do it
直击中考
1. Some of my friends are interesting in
science, but none of them can tell _______.
A. when UFOs will appear next time B.
why do horses know the way
C. where was this
kind of plant found D. how do elephants
communicate
2. ---What time will Mr. Brown be
back to China?
----Sorry. I don’t know
_______. .
A. when did he go abroad
B. why he is going abroad
C. how soon will
he be back D. how long he will stay abroad
3. ---May I come in ? I’m sorry I am late.
----Come in, please. But could you please
tell me _______. ?
A. why you are late
again B. what were you doing then
C.
who you talked with D. how do you come to
school
4. ---Could you please tell me _______.
?
----Bus No.32 will take you right there.
A. where is Henan Museum B. what
Henan Museum is like
C. how can I get to
Henan Museum D. which bus I shall take to Henan
Museum
5. Peter says that the Whites are on
holiday, but no one knows _______. .
A.
where they have been B. where are they
C. where are they from D. where they have
gone
6. ---Do you know _______the Capital
Museum? ---Next Friday.
A. when will they
visit B. when they will visit
C. when
did they visit D. when they visited
7. He
wanted to know _______the English party.
A.
when will we have B. when we will have
C. when would we have D. when we would have
8. I want to know _______. .
A. when we
should arrive at the airport B. when should we
arrive at the airport
C. when the airport we
should arrive at D. when the airport should we
arrive at
9.---David, look at the man in white
over there. Can you tell me _______. ?
----He is a doctor.
A. who is he B. who he
is C. what is he D. what he is
11. ---I
wonder _______. without water ----About a week.
A. how long man can live B. how long can
man live
C. when man can live D. when
can man live
.
宾语从句巩固练习参考答案
1.参考答案D
你决定什么时候去澳大利亚了吗?宾语从句用陈述语序。
2.
参考答案D宾语从句用陈述语序,where作从句的宾语。
3.
参考答案C宾语从句用陈述语序,where表示地点。
4. 参考答案A
if表示选择,我想你是否将喜欢他。
5. 参考答案B 有or not,
所以用whether.
6. 参考答案C 宾语从句用陈述语序.
7.
参考答案A宾语从句用陈述语序,who 作从句的宾语。
8. 参考答案A
whose是所有格,所以后面要有一个名词,整体做从句的宾语。
9. 参考答案A
宾语从句用陈述语序。
10. 参考答案D
主句是过去时,从句也要用过去相应的时态,医生问我之前我已经病了,
所以用过去完成时态。
11. 参考答案C if连接宾语从句,宾语从句用陈述语序。
12. 参考答案B
whose是所有格,所以后面要有一个名词,整体做从句的宾语。
13. 参考答案C
宾语从句用陈述语序。
14. 参考答案C宾语从句用陈述语序,时态不受限制。
15.
参考答案C 主句用一般过去时,从句要用过去相应的时态,因为圣诞老人是之前就把
礼物放进袜子里
了,所以用过去完成时态。
16. 参考答案B 有or not就用whether.
17. 参考答案D 宾语从句用陈述语序, 主句用一般过去时,从句要用过去相应的时态。
18. 参考答案B 没有人告诉我们应该做什么,所以我们需要你的帮助。宾语从句用陈述语
序,如果选B就是没有人做什么,us后面是宾语从句,而us是宾格不能作从句的主语,所
以
C选项缺少宾语从句的主语,应选B.
19.
参考答案D我们不知道用垃圾做什么并且垃圾污染陆地和海洋。What做to do 的宾语。
20. 参考答案D
宾语从句用陈述语序,他问我是否我能找出寄钱的人,主句用过去时态,
从句用过去相应的时态。
能力提高练习参考答案
1. 参考答案D.
前一个if引导宾语从句,表示选择“是否”,后一个if引导的是条件状语从
句表示将来的动作,所以
用主将从现。
2. 参考答案D. 我不知道后天他是否回来,宾语从句用陈述语序。
3. 参考答案D. where表示地点,最近的医院在哪里。
4. 参考答案C
宾语从句用陈述语序,已经说了是修理录音机,所以不用what, 而用how.
5.
参考答案D宾语从句用陈述语序,whom作照顾的宾语。
6. 参考答案A
主句用现在时态,从句不受限制,住在哪里用一般现在时,宾语从句用陈述
语序。
7.
参考答案D宾语从句用陈述语序,从句是客观事实,用一般现在时。
8.
参考答案D宾语从句用陈述语序。
9. 参考答案B宾语从句用陈述语序,what在从句中做主语。
10. 参考答案D 宾语从句用陈述语序,what在从句中做宾语。
11.
参考答案C. 因为后面的从句是说他将回家,所以前面应该是我不知道他什么时间回家。
12.
参考答案B. B是陈述语序,D可以用where you live或which you live
in.
13. 参考答案B.
宾语从句用陈述语序,what在宾语从句中做said的宾语。
14. 参考答案A.
宾语从句用陈述语序,主句用现在的时态,从句根据事实用相应的时态。
15. 参考答案C.
客观真理用一般现在时态。
16. 参考答案D. 距离多远一般用how
far,go是个瞬间动词,所以应该用可以表示持续动
作的动词。
17. 参考答案A.
主句是过去时态,从句要用过去的相应时态,所以C、D排除。What作
宾语从句的主语。
18. 参考答案D. what作动词不定式的真正宾语。
19. 参考答案C.
宾语从句用陈述语序,主句是一般过去时态,从句也用过去时态。
20. 参考答案C. 因为不知怎
样做,所以需要你的帮助,如果是不知道做什么,会有人告诉
你做什么的。如果对主语提问,则特殊疑问
句的语序不变。
21. 参考答案C. 如果对主语提问,则特殊疑问句的语序不变。
22. 参考答案C. 后面有or not时,前面只能用whether.
23.
参考答案C. 后面有or not时,前面只能用whether.
24. 参考答案C.
在哪里买的电视,肯定是买回来了,所以应该用一般过去时,主句用现在
时,从句可用任何时态。
25. 参考答案D.
又一个五年之后,应用another.它将会变成什么样子,所以应用what.
26.
参考答案B. 宾语从句用陈述语序,has gone to表示已经去了,现在还在那里,has been
to表示曾经去过,现在不在那里。
27. 参考答案C.
宾语从句用陈述语序,后面if引导条件状语从句,用主将从现时态。
28. 参考答案A. tom
orrow时间状语表明宾语从句用一般将来时,后一个句子是if引导的条
件状语从句,所以用主将从
现。
29. 参考答案D. when引导时间状语从句,表示将来的动作,用主从现。
30. 参考答案A. 宾语从句用陈述语序,主句用现在的时态,从句根据事实选择时态。
31. 参考答案D
主句用一般过去时,所以从句的时态必须是过去的相应时态,宾语从句用
陈述语序。
32.
参考答案B 宾语从句用陈述语序,后面的时态是一般现在时,所以从句的时态也可以
是一般现在时态。
33. 参考答案A how many people在从句中作主语,宾语从句用陈述语序。
34. 参考答案D 我想知道他的名字是什么。His
name作主语,what在从句中作宾语。宾语
从句用陈述语序。
35. 参考答案D
他问我,我怎么了。What在从句中作主语,with me 作伴随状语,宾语从
句用陈述语序。
36. 参考答案B
你还记得在会上的时候,吉姆说什么了吗?what作从句的宾语。宾语从句
用陈述语序。
37. 参考答案D 用where就不用the
way了,所以排除A、C。which作从句的主语,宾语
从句用陈述语序。
38.
参考答案C 用多久时间一般都用how long提问,it在从句中作形式主语,真正的主语
是to
get there. 宾语从句用陈述语序.
39. 参考答案C
你知道他教什么科目吗?宾语从句用陈述语序。
40. 参考答案A
主句是一般过去时,所以从句只能是过去的相应时态,宾语从句用陈述语
序。
41.
参考答案C 你知道那里发生什么了吗?不可能一只发生也不可能是被发生,所以只能
是正在发生,宾语
从句用陈述语序。
42. 参考答案A 由后面的答语可知,问的是时间,所以用when.
43. 参考答案A
宾语从句用陈述语序。后面有时间状语tomorrow,所以从句用一般将来时。
44. 参考答案D宾语从句用陈述语序,他住在哪里是表示状态的,所以用一般现在时
态,
又因live是不及物动词,后面不能直接跟宾语,必须加个介词才可以,in the
room, 所以后
用介词in.
45. 参考答案D 由1.75
meters得知,是问他有多高,所以用how tall.
46. 参考答案C 主句用一般过去
时态,从句要用过去相应的时态,因为在说话的时候,已
经写了信,动作发生在过去的过去,所以应该用
过去完成时态。
47. 参考答案C 宾语从句中缺少waiting for
的宾语,所以应该用宾格whom..
48. 参考答案D
我不知道他是否还住这里。因为不确定,所以应该用whether.
49. 参考答案A
what在宾语从句中做said的宾语。
50. 参考答案D 宾语从句用陈述语序,如果选C的意
思就是我非常想知道他一直被忙,不
应用被动语态,D选项是合理的。
51. 参考答案C
宾语从句用陈述语序。
52. 参考答案C 宾语从句用陈述语序。
53. 参考答案C
同上。
54. 参考答案C 她想知道她妈妈是否喜欢这个礼物。Which表示哪个她妈妈,th
at只起连
接作用,她想知道她妈妈喜欢这个礼物,想知道就应该是不确定,what已有the
present,
所以不对,if是否。
55. 参考答案C
宾语从句用陈述语序,D选项太中式话了,可用where 或how 来提问。
56. 参考答案C
因为有next week,
所以应用一般将来时,宾语从句用陈述语序,后面有if
条件状语从句表将来,所以用主将从现。
57. 参考答案D 宾语从句用陈述语序。
58. 参考答案B
主句用一般过去时态,从句要用过去的相应时态,宾语从句中用陈述语序。
59. 参考答案A
宾语从句用陈述语序,主从句需要连接词连接两个句子,不能选C。
60. 参考答案B
莉莉喜欢她的双胞胎姐姐喜欢的。因为主句中已有表示一般现在时态的
likes, 后面就不能重复,
并且她的双胞胎姐姐作主语也是第三人称单数,所以用does.宾语
从句中用陈述语序。
61. 参考答案B 宾语从句用陈述语序。
62. 参考答案D 宾语从句用陈述语序。
63. 参考答案A.
后面的答语得知,他将帮助我们的英语,所以应该是问他为什么来,应用
why.
点击中考参考答案
1.参考答案A. 我的一些朋友对自然科学感兴趣,但他们谁也讲不
出下次不明飞行物出现的
时间。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。
2. 参考答案 D.
布朗先生什么时候回中国?抱歉。我不知道他会在国外待多久。宾语从句
应该用陈述语序。
3. 参考答案A.
我可以进来吗?很抱歉我迟到了。请进,但请你告诉我为什么又迟到了吗?
宾语从句应该用陈述语序。
4. 参考答案 D.
你能告诉我怎样到河南博物馆(我坐几路车能到河南博物馆)吗?宾语从
句应该用陈述语序。
5. 参考答案D.
彼得说怀特一家正在度假,但没有人知道他们去了哪里。宾语从句应该用
陈述语序。They have
been to他们去过某个地方,现在已经回来了;they have gone
to他们
去了某个地方,现在还没有回来。
6. 参考答案B.
你知道他们什么时候参观首都博物馆吗?下周五。宾语从句应该用陈述语
序。
7.
参考答案D. 你想知道我们什么时候举办英语联欢会。当主句是一般过去时态的时候,
宾语从句用相应
的过去时态,宾语从句应该用陈述语序。
8. 参考答案A.
我想知道我们应该什么时候到达机场。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。
9. 参考答案D. David,
看那边那个穿白衣服的人,你能告诉我他是干什么的吗?他是医生。
询问职业用what;宾语从句应该
用陈述语序。
10. 参考答案C. 你能告诉我蒂姆在哪里吗?班主任在找他。对不起,我不知道。
但是他刚
才在这里。动词tell后接的宾从应用陈述语序,just now提示应该用was.
11. 参考答案B. 金太太留口信了吗?是的,她想知道这个周日你是否跟她一起去购物。
12. 参考答案A. 我是一个青少年的妈妈。有时我不知道我的儿子最需要什么。爱和理解。
宾语从句应该用陈述语序。Love and understanding.故用what.
13. 参考答案A. 我想知道,没有水人能活多久。大约一周。About a
week知询问应用how
long,宾语从句应该用陈述语序。
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