愠怒-fewer和less区别
宾语从句专项讲解及练习(有答案)
宾语从句
一、基本概念
定义:在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
二、宾语从句分类
动词的宾语从句
asked whose handwriting was the
best.
介词的宾语从句
depends on whether it is
going to rain.
形容词的宾语从句,即系词+心理状态形容词+宾语
e.g
I am afraid that he can't finish the
work.
三、宾语从句用法详解
1.宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。即主语+谓语的顺序。如:
I hear (that)
physics isn’t easy.
I think (that)
you will like this school soon.
Can you tell
me how I can get to zoo?
Please tell me
when we’ll have the meeting.
注意:
在宾语从句中带有特殊疑问词但句序不变的句子:
What’s
the matter?
What’s your trouble?
What’s your problem?
What’s up?
What’s your name?
典型例题
you tell me ____?
A .whom
do we have to see B. whom we have to see
2. The teacher asked the students ____.
A.
what they were doing B. what were they doing
3. She wants to know____.
A. where does
he live B. Where he lives
4. Her
father asked _____.
A. who the tallest is
B. who is the tallest
you know ____?
A.
what is on the desk B . what on the desk is
答案:BABBA
2.宾语从句的时态
1).
若主句时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。即从句可用所需任
何时态,如:
I don’t think (that) you are right.
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway
station?
He says Mary is playing
with the cat . He says Mary often plays
with the cat.
He says Mary will play with
the cat. I think he left yesterday
morning.
2).
如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时, 过去
进行时,
过去将来时,过去完成时)。例如:
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was
preparing for the sports meet.
He asked if you
had written to Peter.
He said that he would go
back to the U.S. soon.
注意:直接引语变间接引语时态的变化:
He said,“ Mary is playing with the cat.” →
He said Mary was playing with the
cat.
He said, “he will go back to China soon.” → He
said he would go back to China
soon
3).
如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时,不受主句时态的限制。
例如:
Our teacher said that January is the first
month of the year.
Scientists have proved that
the earth turns around the sun.
The
teacher said, “the moon moves around the sun.”
→ The teacher said that the moon moves
around the sun.
He said, “light
travels much faster than sound.”
→ He said
light travels much faster than sound.
【讲解】告诉学生
,宾语从句的时态问题仍然只是时态的问题,跟宾语从句其实没啥关系,
请不要把这
个当作新的知识点来讲,请用时态的知识点来讲。
4). 当主句为 Could you
(please) tell us-----?时,只表示语气,而不表示过去时态。
典型例题
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. He says that
he _________ (read) now.
2. Can you
tell me if they _________ (finish) the work
already?
3. Dou you know where John
________(go) yesterday?
4. My sister told me
she _________ (be) free tomorrow.
5. I wanted to know if you __________(like)
the movie.
6. The teacher told us the earth
_________(go) around the sun.
7. Could you
tell me if there __________(be) a hospital near
here?
答案:is reading have finished
went would be liked goes
3. 宾语从句的连接词
1)、That 只起连接作用,在句子中不做句子成分,在口语中
常被省略
2)、If 和 whether 起连接作用,不做句子成分。
(注意:与不定式连用;做介词的宾语;与 or not 连用-----用 whether)。
3)、疑问词 who、 what 、when、 where 、whom 、whose
、why、how 、
which在句子中既起连接作用,又做句子成分。
4)当主句为 Could you (please) tell
us-----?时,只表示语气,而不表示过去时态。
4..主句的谓语动词是think,
believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect,
fancy, guess等,并且
主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移
到主句上来,其反义疑问
句一般与宾语从句一致.
I think he
isn’t a student. ×
I don’t think
he is a student. √
I don’t think
he is a student. is he?
如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.
We
find that he never listens to the teacher
carefully, does he?
典型例题
1. I think
he is a good teacher,_____________. (反意疑问句)
I
_________ think he ________good teacher.(将上句变否定句)
2.I don’t know if he ________ (
come) tomorrow
if he_______( come),
I will have a party for him
3. Do you
know when Mary ____________(arrive) ?
When she _____ (arrive), please tell me
4. Can you tell me how I can get to the
railway station?
Can you tell me ____ _____
_____ _____the railway station?
答案:isn’t he
don’t is will come comes will
arrive
arrives how to get to
5.宾语从句的句型转换
1). 陈述句变为that引导的宾语从句
e.g.
1. He said, “You are younger than I ”. He
said that I was younger than him.
2. He
says, “Tom is a good student ”. He says
that Tom is a good student.
2). 一般疑问句变为if
whether引导的宾语从句
(将普通的一般疑问句变成宾语从句ifwhether连接,同时变成陈述句语序。)
e.g. 1. She said, “Do you often
come here to read newspaper? ”
She said
if (whether) I often came here to read newspaper
2. “Will they go to visit the Great Wall?” he
asked.
He asked if (whether) they would
go visit the Great Wall.
3). 特殊疑问句变为who,
what, when等引导的宾语从句
(将普通的特殊疑问句变成宾语从句时,从句的语序要由疑问句变成陈述句的语序。)
e.g. 1. He asked, “Where do you live?”
He asked where I lived.
2. “How can we get to
the post-office?” he asked. He asked how
they could get to
the post-office.
4).
祈使句变为引导的宾语从句
(将祈使句变为宾语从句时,用asktellorder sb
(not) to do sth等转述。)
e.g. 1. Mr Green said
to his son, “Open the door.” Mr Green told
his son to open the
door.
2. The
police shouted to him, “Hands up.” The
police ordered him to put up
his hands.
注意:
(一)
当主句的谓语动词为一般过去时时,直接引语变为间接引语的时态变化如下:
直接引语
一般现在时
现在进行时
一般过去时
现在完成时
一般将来时
2)人称的变化
(1). 直接引语中第一人称在间接引语中应与主句的主语人称一致。
间接引语
一般过去时
过去进行时
过去完成时
过去完成时
过去将来时
She
said, “I like tennis.” → She said that she liked
tennis.
(2). 直接引语中第二人称在间接引语中应与主句的宾语人称一致。
He said to lily, “You have to get up early .” → He
told lily that she had to get up
early.
(3). 直接引语中第三人称在间接引语中保持不变。
He said to
me, “They want to help him.” → He told to me they
wanted to help
him.”
【讲解】(口诀:一主,二宾,三不变)
典型例题
1. The radio says it _________
cloudy tomorrow. (be)
2. The headmaster hopes
everything ______ well. (go)
3. Tom says that
they ____________ (play) basketball at six o’clock
yesterday evening.
4. I hear they __________
(return) it already.
5. He said that they
_________ members of the Party since 1948. (be)
6. He asked what they __________ at eight
last night. (do)
7. The teacher told his
class that light _______ faster than sound.
(travel)
8. I think you __________ about the
relay race now. (talk)
9. I didn’t know whom
the letters _________ from. (be)
10. I didn’t
know what time he _______ the letter. (write)
11. Miss Wang told me that the earth
______(move) round the earth.
12. Could you
tell me who _________ away the book already?
(take)
13. Ling Feng told me he _________ to
several times. (be)
14. Our teacher told us
in class the sun _______ in the east. (rise)
15. Can you tell me what they ______
yesterday? (do)
答案:
will be goes
were playing has returned had been
were doing travels
are talking were wrote
moves has taken has been
rises did
课堂检测
Choose the
best answer.
( )1. Miss Green didn’t tell
us _____ in 2009.
A. where does she live
B. where she lives
C. where
did she live D. where she lived
(
)2. Would you please tell me _____ ?
A. when
did he come home B. where he would play
football
C. if he had seen the film D.
why he didn’t watch the game
( )3. I don’t
know when _____.
A. will the train leave
B. the train will leave
C.
would the train leave D. the train leave
( )4. --- We don’t know______.
--- It is said that he was born in Sweden.
A.
what he is B. if he lives here
C. where he comes from D. which
country is he from
( )5. Do you know
______ during the coming summer holiday?
A.
what will Tom do B. what did Tom do
C. what Tom will do D. what Tom
did
( )6. I want to know _____.
A.
what is his name B. what’s his name
C. that his name is D. what his
name is
( )7. Could you tell me _____ the
bike this morning?
A. how
does he mend B. how he mends
C. how
he mended D. how did he mend
(
)8. You can’t imagine _____ when they received
these nice Christmas presents.
A. how they
were excited B. how excited they were
C. how excited were they D. they were
how excited
( )9. Every morning the
patients are asked if ______ their temperature
taken.
A. they had had
B. have they had
C. they have
had D. had they had
( )10.
It’s up to you to decide ______ you’ll go there,
by air or by road.
A. how B. why
C. that D. when
Keys:
1-5. DDBCC 6-10. DCBCA
四.学法总结
宾语从句须注意,
几点事项应牢记。
一是关键引导词,
不同句子词相异。
陈述句子用that;
一般疑问是否(if,whether)替;
特殊问句更好办,
引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化,
主句不同从句异。
主句若为现在时,
从句时态应看意;
主句若为过去时,
从句时态向前移。
【经典】近年上海中考宾语从句真题
7. The manager that the business
would be worse after the stock(股票)went down.
(02)
C
A. talked B. told C said
D. spoke,
15. I'd like to know (02)
A. when will he give back the tape
B.
whether has he received higher education
C
that he has been busy
D. whether she will join
in our English Evening
D
50. Professor
Nelson wanted to know ______.(05)
A) when
would the conference begin
B) when the
conference would begin
C) when will the
conference begin
D) When the conference will
begin
B
49. Our class teacher asked the
monitor ______.(06)
A) why
didn’t Bill come to school
C) why Bill didn’t
come to school
B) why doesn’t Bill come to
school
D) why Bill doesn’t come to school
C
40. I _____you already that
washing hands often will help prevent A-H1N1
Flu.(09)
A)tell B)told
C)have told D)am telling
C
48.
Could you please tell us ________in Shanghai?(09)
A)when will you visit the World Expo
B)when you will visit the World Expo
C)when the World Expo will you visit
D)When the World Expo you will visit
B
48.I want to know__________.(10)
A)when we
should arrive at the airport.
B)When should we
arrive at the airport.
C)When the airport we
should arrive at.
D)When the airport should we
arrive at.
A
【经典】
近四年一、二模中考真题
the accident, citizens are wondering
about____________ to the serious
events.(奉贤区一
模43)B
A. will the government
take action B. how will the government
take action
C. how the government will take
action D. if will the government take action
you travel around the world, you will be
surprised at ________. (徐汇区一模43)A
A) how different the foreign customs are
B) how the foreign customs are different
C) how different are the foreign customs
D) how are the foreign customs different
3.A: Could you tell me ______?(嘉定一模43)C
B: Sure. Walk straight along this street and you
will find it.
A. how can I get to the post
office B. where is the post office
C.
which is the way to the post office D. how far
is the post office
4. Could you tell me
?(浦东一模43)D
A. how could I protect myself from
the air pollution
B. how can I protect myself
from the air pollution
C. how I could protect
myself from the air pollution
D. how I protect
can myself from the air pollution
's mother
wondered________.(宝山一模42)B
A) how much he cost
the computer B) how much he paid for the
computer
C) how much the computer will cost
him D) how much did he spend on the computer
二模
said she _________the result of their
group discussion in the following
class.(普陀二模40)
C
A. reports B. reported C.
would report D. had reported
manager asked
him if he for the extra work the next
weekend.(松江二模38)C
come come C. Would
come
is not much difference
between the two. I really don't know
________.(长宁二模43)C
A) which should I choose B) what
should I choose
D) what I should choose C)
which I should cho6se
writer
told the children that she _______ quite a few
detective stories in the last few
years.
(嘉定二模35) D
A. wrote B.
has written C. was written D.
had written
class teacher asked us
_________.(嘉定二模43)D
doesn’t Susan come
for the picnic B. why didn’t Susan come for
the picnic
Susan not come for the
picnic Susan didn’t come for the picnic
,could you please tell me ________your
father has gone to Sydney?(金山二模43)D
A) when
B) how often C)how long D) if
7.
Charles
said that he __________ tennis with John this
Friday afternoon(黄浦二模38)D
A. plays B. is
playing C. will play D. would play
一模
1. Jerry told me he ____________on an old
man's eyes in the hospital this Sunday.
A)
will operate B) would operate C) operated
D) has operated (虹口区一模41)
2. I could hardly
understand ______ in class, so I raised my hand to
ask.
A) what my teacher said B) what did my
teacher say
C) what has my teacher say D)
what my teacher has said (静安区一模34)
3. Many students asked ________.
A)
why weren’t they allowed to play during lunch
break
B) why during lunch break weren’t
they allowed to play
C) why they during
lunch break weren’t allowed to play
D)
why they weren’t allowed to play during lunch
break (徐汇区一模42)
4. The movie
star is afraid that she will be recognized as she
_________ at the airport.
5.
A. arrives B. arrived C. will
arrive D. arrive ( 长宁区一模41)
Mr.
King doesn't know what time ________ back home
yesterday evening.
A. does his son come B.
his son comes C. did his son come D. his son
came ( 长宁区一模43)
2014年 一模 1—5BADAD
一模
1. Could you tell me _____________?
A) who
is he
C) where’s the nearest fast food
restaurant
2. Could you tell me ?
A) when the plane will take off
C)
when the plane would take off
B) when will the
plane take off
D) when would the plane take
off
B) if he will attend the meeting tomorrow
D) what he has received my Christmas cards
3.. No one can exactly tell us what
___________.
A) does Mona Lisa’s
smile mean B) Mona Lisa’s smile means
C)
Mona Lisa’s smile does D) does
Mona Lisa’s smile
4. A: Excuse me, could you
please tell me ________?
B: Yes. It’s at
123 Xinhua Road, just near the downtown.
A)
where the Star Hotel is
C) how get to the
Star Hotel
B) where the Star Hotel was
D) how can I get to the Star
Hotel
5..Could you tell me ________ find
another interesting detective story to read?
A) where I can
1—5BABAA
B) where
can I C) where I could D) where could I
二模
1. Did you ask them ________?
A.
when are they going to set out B. when they are
going to set out
C. when were
they going to set out D. when they were going to
set out
2. Quite a few citizens wondered
________.
A) how could they protect
themselves from the air pollution
B) how
they could protect themselves from the air
pollution
C) how from the air pollution
could they protect themselves
D) how they
from the air pollution could protect themselves
3. Could you tell me ________ late for the
meeting yesterday? (长宁)
A. why were you B.
why you were C. why are you D. why you are
4. —Could you tell me ________ you did it so
well? (虹口)
—With my parents’ help.
A) who B) how C) when D) what
5. A: Show
me the map, please. I wonder ________.(宝山、嘉定)
B: Look, it's here, in the east of
China, near Taiwan Province.
A) where is
Diaoyu Island
C) where does Diaoyu Island lie
B) where is Diaoyu Island located
D) where
Diaoyu Island is located
6. Could you tell me
________ just now? (静安、青浦)
A) where
he puts his cup
C) where he put his
cup
B) where had he put his cup
D)
where did he put his cup
1—5DBBBD 6 C
一模
1. Would you please tell me ? (
崇明县)
A. when will we have an English exam
B. when we will have an English exam
C. when
would we have an English exam D. when we
would have an English exam
2. Could you tell
me ?
(嘉定区)
A. when
will the next bullet train leave for Nanjing
B. when the next bullet train will leave for
Nanjing
C. when would the next bullet train
leave for Nanjing
D. when the next bullet
train would leave for Nanjing
3. —Could you
tell me tomorrow evening? (卢湾区) ——Well, it
will start at 9 o'clock.
A. when the film will
start B. when will the film start
C. when
the film would start D. when would the film
start
4. Jack's mother wants to know .
A. when will Jack come back B. when Jack
will come back
C. when would Jack come back
D. when Jack would come back
5. I wonder
. (杨浦区)
A. when the university campus in China
opens to the public
B. when will the
university campus in China open to the public
C. when would open the university campus in
China to the public
D. when the university
campus in China will open to the public
6. The
old lady couldn’t remember . (静安区)
A. where she had put her glasses
B. where had she put her glasses
C. where she
puts her glasses D. where did she
put her glasses
7. I’d like to see you off at
the airport. Could you tell me _______?(长宁区)
A. when your plane took off
B. when did your plane take off
C. when your
plane takes off D. when does
your plane take off
8. Jack's mother wants to
know . (青浦区)
A. when will Jack come back
B. when Jack will come back
觅的意思-翎的拼音
ten音标-小学生辅导班
receive的用法-柚怎么读
zhenbi-别的成语
音标对应中文谐音-吵闹的的英文
冷若冰霜的意思-慰怎么读音
要求加薪-Overtake
况的拼音-容忍的英文
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