四级---虚拟语气专项练习

四级----虚拟语气专项练习
1. Jack wishes that he _____ business instead of history
when he was in university.
A. studied B. had been studying
C. study D. had studied
2. The millions of calculation involved,
had they been done by hand,
_____ all practical value by the time they were finished.
A. had lost B. would lose
C. would have lost D. should have lost
3. It is essential that these application forms _____
back as early as possible.
A. must be sent B. are sent w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m
C. will be sent D. be sent
4. It is important that the hotel receptionist _____
that guests are registered correctly.
A. has made sure B. must make sure
C. made sure D. make sure
5. It was essential that the application forms _____
back before the deadline.
A. must be sent B. be sent
C. would be sent D. were sent
6. It's necessary _____ the dictionary immediately.

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A. that he will return B. that he return
C. that he returned D. that he has to return
7. It is important that enough money _____
to fund the project.
A. be collected B. was collected
C. must be collected D. can be collected
8. I don't think it advisable that Tom _____
to the job since he has no experience.
A. is assigned B. be assigned
C. will be assigned D. has been assigned
9. The suggestion that the mayor _____
the prizes was accepted by everyone.
A. would present B. present
C. ought to present D. presents
10. We are all for your proposal that the discussion _____.
A. be put off B. should put off
C. was put off D. is to put off
11. You _____ him so closely;
you should have kept your distance.
A. shouldn't have been following B. mustn't follow
C. couldn't have been following D. shouldn't follow
12. The manager would rather his daughter _____ in the
same office.

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A. does not work B. had not worked
C. not to work D. did not work
13. Wouldn't you rather your child _____ to bed early?
A. go B. would go
C. went D. goes
14. I'd rather you _____ make any comment on the issue for
the time being.
A. don't B. didn't
C. wouldn't D. shouldn't
15. Mike's uncle insists _____ in this hotel.
A. staying not B. that he would not stay
C. not to stay D. that he not stay
16. As Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces, I have
directed that all measures ____ for our defense.
A. had been taken B. be taken
C. would be taken D. to be taken
17. The manager of the hotel requests that their guests _____
after 11:00 p.m.
A. not to play loud music B. don't play loud music
C. shouldn't play loud music D. couldn't paly load
music
18. We desire that the tour leader ____ us immediately of any
change in plans.

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A. inform B. informs
C. informed D. has informed
19. He suggested _____ to tomorrow's exhibition together.
A. us to go B. we shall go
C. we went D. we go
20. Sometimes I wish I _____ in a different time and a
different place.
A. be living B. would live
C. were living D. would have lived
21. I wish I _____ longer this morning, but I had to get up
and come to class.
A. could have slept B. might have slept
C. slept D. have slept
22. Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks
that if she _____ a job she probably wouldn't be able to see
her friends very often.
A. has to get B. had got
C. were to get D. could have got
23. If the whole operation ____ beforehand, a great deal of
time and money would have been lost.
A. was not planned B. had not been planned
C. has not been planned D. were not planned
24. Had he worked harder, he _____ the exams.

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A. must have got through B. would get through
C. would have got through D. could get through
25. _____ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we
should have a wonderful dinner party.
A. Had they arrived B. Were they arriving
C. Would they arrive D. Were they to arrive
26. _____ right now, she would get there on Sunday.
A. Would she leave B. Were she to leave
C. If she leaves D. If she had left
27. _____ for my illness I would have lent him a helping
hand.
A. Not being B. Without being
C. Had it not been D. Not having been
28. _____ for your laziness, you could have finished the
assignment by now.
A. Had it not been B. Weren't it
C. It were not D. Had not it been
29. If it _____ too much trouble, I'd love a cup of tea.
A. isn't B. weren't
C. wasn't D. hadn't been
30. If I hadn't stood under the ladder to catch you when you
fell, you _____ now.
A. wouldn't be smiling B. won't smile

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C. couldn't have smiled D. didn't smile
31. We didn't know his telephone number; otherwise we
_____ him.
A. would have telephoned B. would telephone
C. must have telephoned D. had telephoned
32. He must have had an accident, or he _____ then.
A. would have been here B. should be here
C. had to be here D. would be here
33. Some women ____ a good salary in a job instead of staying
home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the
family.
A. must make B. should have made
C. would make D. could have made
34. We _____ to start our own business, but we never had
enough money.
A. have hoped B. had hoped
C. would hope D. should hope
35. The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he
_____ himself.
A. injure B. injured
C. had injured D. would injure
36.
are not the most important person in the world

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to his boss angrily.
A. realized B. realize
C. have realized D. should realize
37. It's already 5 o'clock now. Don't you think it's about time
_____ ?
A. we are going home B. we went home
C. we go home D. we can go home
38. If only the committee _____ the regulations and put them
into effect as soon as possible.
A. approve B. can approve
C. will approve D. would approve
39. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _____ your
advice.
A. follow B. would follow
C. had followed D. have followed
40. I'm sure he is up to the job ____ he would give his mind
to it.
A. if only B. in case
C. until D. unless
41. You don't have to be in such a hurry. I would rather you
_____ on business first.
A. would go B. will go
C. went D. have gone

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42. Frankly speaking, I'd rather you _____ anything about it
for the time being.
A. didn't do B. haven't done
C. don't do D. have done
43. It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios
______ after 11 o'clock at night.
A. were not played B. not be played
C. not to play D. did not play
44. It is recommended that the project _____ until all the
preparations have been made.
A. is not started B. not be started
C. will not be started D. is not to be started
45. Many a delegate was in favor of his proposal that a special
committee ________ to investigate the incident.
A. were set up B. was set up
C. be set up D. set up
46. Things might have been much worse if the mother
______ on her right to keep the baby.
A. has been insisting B. had insisted
C. would insist D. insisted




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答案与解析
1. D
译文：杰克宁愿在大学学的是商务而不是历史。
本句是wish 后接虚拟语气的用法。在wish 后面所接的
宾语从句中，要用虚拟语气结构。
其主要形式有三种：
表示对现在情况的虚拟：wish +主语+动词过去式；
表示对过去情况的虚拟：wish +主语+had+过去分词；
表示对将来情况的虚拟：wish +主语+would+动词原形。
2. C
译文：数以百万计的相关计算，如果由人工操作的话，到
计算完成时早已失去其实用价值。
本句是条件句中与过去事实相反的虚拟语气结构的用法。
由省略if 的从句(had they been done by hand)中的时态可知，C
为正确答案。
3. D
译文：这些申请表尽快寄出是极其必要的。
本句涉及主语从句中的虚拟语气用法。在It is
importantnecessary… that-clause 结构中，that 从句中谓语动
词常用虚拟语气，其形式为：(should)+动词原形。这一结构是

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否用虚拟语气取决于主句It is important… that 中的形容词
（如本句中的important ）。
4. D
译文：旅馆接待员必须确保旅客登记正确，这点是很重要
的。
本句涉及主语从句中的虚拟语气的使用。
5. B
译文：申请表务必在截止日期之前寄回。
本句涉及主语从句中的虚拟语气的使用。
6. B
译文：他必须马上归还字典。
本句涉及主语从句中的虚拟语气的使用。
7. A
译文：重要的是募集足够的钱，为这个项目提供资金。
本句涉及主语从句中的虚拟语气的使用。
8. B
译文：汤姆缺乏经验，指派他做这项工作我认为是不合适
的。
本句涉及复合宾语从句中的虚拟语气的使用。在以it 为
形式宾语的复合宾语从句中也可以用虚拟语气，其形式为：
(should) +动词原形。这一结构中的虚拟用法主要取决于作补语
的形容词 advisable。
9. B

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译文：大家都接受了让市长发奖的建议。
本句 涉及同位语从句中的虚拟语气用法。英语中在表示命
令、建议、劝告、愿望、要求等词后所接的同位语从 句中，从
句谓语动词常用虚拟语气，其形式为：(should) +动词原形。常
用的这类词有suggestion, advise, order, recommendation,
requirement, command, proposal等名词。
10. A
译文：我们都支持你提出的推迟讨论的建议。
本句涉及同位语从句中的虚拟语气用法。
11. A
译文：你本不该跟他跟得这么紧；你本该保持一定距离的。
本句涉及---- 暗含虚拟句。“shouldought not+ have+ 过去
分词”表示“本不应该做某事， 但却做了”，含有某种责备的口
气。“shouldought to+have+过去分词”表示“本应该做某事，却
未做”。
例如：You should have returned the book last week. 你本来
应该上周就该归还这本书。（但上周并未还）
12. D
译文：经理宁愿他女儿不和他在同一个办公室上班。
本句涉及宾语从句中的虚拟语气的用法。在would
rather,would sooner, would just as soon, might as well 和would
prefer 等后面所跟的从句中，也可用虚拟语气，表示愿望，意
为“宁愿”、“但愿”。其形式为：

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① “would rather ( would sooner … ）＋主语＋谓语动词过
去时”表示现在或将来的情况。
② “would rather ( would sooner … ）＋主语＋过去完成时”
表示过去的情况。
13. C
译文：你为何不让你的孩子早点睡觉？
本句涉及宾语从句中的虚拟语气的用法。
14. B
译文：我倒是希望你对这个问题先别发表什么看法。
本句涉及宾语从句中的虚拟语气的用法。英语中在would
rather, would sooner, would just as soon, might as well 和would
prefer 等后面所跟的从句中，也可用虚拟语气，表示愿望，意
为“宁愿”、“但愿”。
15. D
麦克的叔叔坚持他不留在旅馆里。
本句涉及虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用。动词insist 后接
宾语从句，从句中的谓语为“should+动词原形（should 常省
略）”。常这样用的词有：command, desire, demand, order, propose,
recommend, request, require, suggest 等。
16. B
译文：我作为武装部队的总司令命令采取一切措施进行防
御。
本句涉及虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用。

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17. C
译文：旅馆的经理恳请客人晚上11点后，音乐声不要放
得太响。
本句涉及虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用。
18. A
译文：我们要求导游立刻告诉我们计划有什么变动。
本句涉及虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用。
19. D
译文：他建议我们一块去看明天的展览。
本句涉及虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用。
20. C
译文：我有时希望自己生活在另一个时代和另一个地方。
本句涉及动词wish后所接宾语从句的用法。在wish 后面
所接的宾语从句中，要用虚拟语气结构。其主要形式有三种：
表示对现在情况的虚拟：wish+主语+动词过去式；
表示对过去情况的虚拟：wish+主语+had+过去分词；
表示对将来情况的虚拟：wish+主语+would+动词原形。
21. A
译文：我真希望今天早上能多睡一会儿，可我不得不起床
去上课。
本句涉及动词wish后所接宾语从句的用法。
22. C
译文：琼不想马上就工作，她想要是找了工作就不能马上

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探访朋友了。
本句涉及if引导的虚拟条件句，表示与将来事实相反的假设。表示与将来事实相反的非真实条件句，从句中的谓语动词
用“were to +动词原形或should +动词原形”，主句中的谓语动
词用“should (第一人称), would (第二、三人称)+动词原形”。
23. B
译文：要是整个手术当时没有预先计划好的话，大量的金
钱和时间就白花了。
本句涉 及if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的用法，表示与过去
事实相反的假设。与过去事实相反的非真实条件句中 ，从句中
的谓语动词用“had+过去分词”，主句的谓语动词用“should 或
would +have+过去分词”。
24. C
译文：他当时学习努力的话，这次考试就通过了。
本句涉及省略if 的虚拟条件句。在正式文体中，有时可
把虚拟条件句中的连词if 省去，而将were, had, should 等助动
词(不包括行为动词)提到主语前面，用倒装结构。如果句中没
有were, had 或should 时，既不能省略if，也不能倒装。
答案：
25. D
译文：我们后天走，要是他们在这之前到达，我们就可以
痛痛快快地撮一顿。
本句涉及省略if 的虚拟条件句。

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26. B
译文：她要是现在就走的话，星期天就到那儿了。
本句涉及if引导的虚拟条件句，表示与将 来事实相反的假
设。表示与将来事实相反的非真实条件句，从句中的谓语动词
用to +动词原形或should +动词原形，主句中的谓语动
词用“should （第一人称）, would （第二、三人称）+动词原
形”。如从句中省去if ，主谓要用倒装结构。
27. C
译文：我当时要是没生病的话，就帮他了。
本句涉及省略if的虚拟条件句。虚拟语气也常用于“If it
were (had been) not for … ”句型中，意为“要不是… … ”。If it
were not for… 表示与现在事实相反的假设。从本句的主句来
判断，这是一句与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，If it had not
been for … 表示与过去事实相反的假设，与主句中的谓语动词
相 一致。在正式文体中，有时可把虚拟条件句中的连词if 省
去，而将were, had, should 等助动词（不包括行为动词）提到
主语前面，用倒装结构。如果句中没有were, had 或should 时，
既不能省略if,也不能倒装。
28. A
译文：要不是你偷懒，你现在就已经完成任务了。
本句涉及省略if 的虚拟条件句。虚拟语气也常用于“If it
were (had been) not for … ”句型中，意为“要不是… … ”。If it
had not been for … 表示与过去事实相反的假设，从本句的主

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句来判断，这是一与 过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，与主句中的
谓语动词相一致。在正式文体中，有时可把虚拟条件句中的连< br>词if 省去，而将were, had, should 等助动词（不包括行为动词）
提到主语前面，用倒装结构。如果句中没有were , had 或should
时，既不能省略if ，也不能倒装。
29. B
译文：要是不太麻烦的话，就给我来杯茶吧。
本句涉及if条件句中的虚拟语气，表示与现在 事实相反的
假设。在与现在事实相反的非真实条件句中，主句中的谓语动
词用“should （第一人称）＋动词原形，would （第二、三人
称）＋动词原形”，但在美国英语中，主句所有人 称都用would。
主句中也用“could 或might+动词原形”。
30. A
译文：当你掉下来时，如果不是我在梯子下面把你接住，
恐怕约就不会这样笑了。
本句涉及if 引导的混合型虚拟条件句。通常情况下，在
非真实条件句中的主句和从句所指时 间是一致的，但有时也指
不同的时间，这时要根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语动词形
式。本句 中，从句是对过去发生事情的假设，主句是对现在情
况的假设。
31. A
译文：我们不知道他的电话号码，否则，我们会打电话给
他.

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本句涉及含蓄虚拟条件句。有时假设的情况并不以条件从
句表示出来，而是通过一个 介词短语或其他方式表示。除了
otherwise外，常用的其他词或短语有：without, but for, but
that,or,but等。
32. A
译文：他准是出事了，否则，他已经到这儿了。
本句涉及含蓄虚拟条件句。
33. D
译文：如果不呆在家里，有些妇女本可获得可观的薪水，
但是为了家庭，她们才决定不去工作。
本句涉及由but引导的暗含虚拟语气的用法。but 前面主
句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气，but 后的并列句用陈述语气。其
形式为：情态动词“should(ought to,could,might) + have done ，
表示该动作本来应该发生而实际并未发生，含有某种责怪的口
气。
34. B
译文：我们原本就希望开业，可是钱总是不够。
本句涉及一特殊句型的虚拟语气形式。动词be, intend,
mean, plan, want, hope等的过去完成式加动词不定式或这些词
的过去式加动词不定式的完成时也可视为虚 拟语气结构，表示
“过去想做而没有做的事”。
35. A
译文：疯子被关进墙上装有衬垫的病房，以防他自杀。

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本句涉及连词lest 引导的虚拟语气的用法。连接词in case,
lest, for fear that 可用来引导虚拟语气。其形式通常为:“… lest
(in case, for fear that) +主语+should+动词原形”。lest, for fear
that句中的should 可以省去，in case 句中的should 通常不省
去，但是in case 句中可以不用虚拟语气，而用陈述语气。lest,
for fear that 后面也可以接其他形式。
36. A
译文：埃德加怒气冲冲地对老板说：“你太自私了。你也
该想想你到底有什么了不起。”
本句涉及一特殊句型中的虚拟语气。在“It is (high about )
time (that)…”句型中要求用虚拟语气形式，从句中常用过去式，
意为“该是… … 的时候了”。例如：
It is time (that) we had classes. 我们该上课了。
It is high time (that) the weather improved. 天气真该好起来
了。
37. B
译文：现在已经5点了，你不认为我们该回家了吗？
本句涉及“It is (high about) time (that)...”句型中的虚拟语
气形式。
38. D
译文：要是委员会尽快批准这些规章制度并付诸实施就好
了。
本句涉及if only 引导的虚拟语气形式。在引导的

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感叹句中，要求用虚拟语气结构，表示愿望。其形式为：
1)表示与现在或未来事实相反的愿望：动词过去时或
“would could ＋动词原形”;
2)表示与过去事实相反的愿望：had + done 。
39. C
译文：看我现在的处境多糟糕！要是我听了你的劝告该多
好。
本句涉及if only 引导的虚拟语气形式。
40. A
译文：要是他用心去做，我肯定他能胜任这个工作。
本句是if only 引导虚拟语气的用法。until和unless通常
不和would 连用；in case 通常与should 连用；only引导
的感叹句通常要求用虚拟语气，表示愿望。1)用过去时或< br>“wouldcould +动词原形”表示与现在或未来事实相反的愿望。
2)过去完成时表示 与过去事实相反的愿望。但是only if 也可用
于虚拟条件句中。
41. C
译文：你不必这么急，我宁愿你先去办公室。
本句是would rather 后接虚拟语气的用法。在would rather,
would sooner, would just as soon, might as well 和would prefer
等后面所跟的从句中，也可用虚拟语气，表示愿望，意为“宁
愿”、“但愿”。其形式为：
1 ) 主语+动词过去式表示

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现在或将来的情况。
2 ) 主语+动词过去完成式
表示过去的情况。例如：
I'd rather you had not given up the job then.
要是你当时不放弃那个工作就好了。
42. A
译文：坦率地说，我宁愿你暂时对此事什么也不做。
本句是would rather结构中的虚拟语气的用法。在would
rather后面所接的从句中，如表示与现在 事实相反的愿望，从
句中谓语动词用过去时；如表示与过去事实相反的愿望，谓语
动词用过去完 成时。
43. B
译文：旅馆管理部门恳请客人11 点之后不要开收音机。
本句涉及主语从句中的虚拟语气用法。在It is
requesteddemanded… that-clause 结构中，that 从句中谓语动
词常用虚拟语气，其形式为：(shoul d)+动词原形。这一结构是
否用虚拟语气取决于主句It is requested… that 中的过去分词
（如本句中的requested）。常用于这种结构的过去分词除
reques ted 外还有desired, demanded, ordered, suggested,
recommended, required等。
44. B
译文：建议在一切工作准备就绪后再开始这一项目。
本句涉及主语从句中的虚拟语气的使用。

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45. C
译文：许多代表都赞同设立一个专门委员会对那次事件进
行调查的建议。
本句考的是同位语从句中的虚拟语气结构的用法。
proposal 意为“提议，建议”，其后的同位语从句用“(should)+
动词原形”的虚拟语气结构。
46. B
译文：如果母亲执意要拥有对这个婴儿的抚养权，情况可
能会更糟。 < br>本句考的是if条件句中虚拟语气结构的用法。if引导的是
虚拟条件句，因主句谓语动词是mi ght have been，从句就要用
had insisted，指对过去情况的虚拟。

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