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英语B级复习资料

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2020-10-24 17:57
tags:英语b级考试时间

单词闯关-肥田

2020年10月24日发(作者:费启能)


英语B级复习资料

(一)动词的基本时态

理论基础:什么是动词的时态?

动词的时态,是指一种语言通过动词形式的变化来 反映“动作时间”和“动作状态”---“时
态”就是“动作时间+动作状态”的合称。英语有“现在时 、过去时、将来时、过去将来时”这样
4种动作时间的区分,有“一般态、完成态、进行态、完成进行态 ”这样4种动作状态的区分。
对“动作时间”和“动作状态”进行排列组合,我们可以得到下面的结果:

时间 状态 一般(态) 完成(态) 进行(态) 完成进行(态)
现在时 一般现在时 现在完成时 现在进行时 现在完成进行时
过去时 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去进行时 过去完成进行时
将来时 一般将来时 将来完成时 将来进行时 将来完成进行时
过去将来时 一般过去将来时 过去将来完成时 过去将来进行时 过去将来完成进行时


B.例题讲解
1)When Lily came home at 5 p.m. yesterday, her mother ______ dinner in the kitchen. (《大学
英语》(B)Test 1, 36)
A. cooked B. was cooking C. cooks D. has cooked
解析:B。此题意思为:当Lily昨天下午五点回家时,妈妈正在厨房里做饭。用过去进行时。
2)John’s father ______ mathematics in this school ever since he graduated from Harvard
University. (《大学英语》(B)Test 1, 40)
A. taught B. teaches C. has taught D. is teaching
解析:C。此题意思为:约翰的父亲自从哈佛大学毕业后就一直在这所学校读书,这 种状态
一直持续到现在,所以句子用现在完成时。
3)I was giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I ______ to half a dozen other
groups before. (《大学英语》(B)Test 2, 45)
A. was giving B. am giving C. had given D. have given
解析:C。凡是表示过去动作之前的动作要用过去完成时态“had done”。根据题意可知had
given的动作发生在was giving之前,所以用过去完成时态。

(二)非谓语动词


B.例题讲解
1)Bob said that it is easy _______.
A. for him being on time B. being on time for him
C. for him to be on time D. on time for him
解析:答案C。此题that从句中,用it作形式主语,而将不定式to be on time(准时)放在句子
最后面。不定式前加一个for him表示不定式的动作是谁做的。
2)Would you let _______ to the park with my classmate, Mum? (《大学英语》(B)Test 4, 28)
A. me go B. me going C. I go D. I going
解析:答案A。let是使役动词,用不带to的不定式作宾补,即let sb. do sth.这个结构。


3)You don’t mind ______ you Xiao Li, do you? (《大学英语》(B)Test 3, 31)
A. call B. to call C. to calling D. my calling
解析:答案D。mind后面只能用动名词作宾语。
4)Charles regretted ______ the TV set last year. The price has now come down. (《大学英语》
(B)Test 3, 33)
A. buying B. to buy C. of D. from
解 析:答案A。regret后既可用动名词,也可用不定式,前者表后悔做了某事(动作已做了),
后者 则表为要去做某事遗憾(动作还没有做)。根据题意思,应选A。
5)There was so much noise in the classroom that the teacher couldn’t make himself _______.
(《大学英语》(B)Test 4, 41)
A. heard B. hearing C. to hear D. hear
解析:答案A。宾语与宾语补足语之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词。
6)Do you know the man ______ under the apple tree? (《大学英语》(B)Test 2, 31)
A. lay B. lain C. lying D. laying
解析:答案C。lie(lay, lain, lying)“平躺,位于”;lie(lied, lied, lying)“撒谎”;lay(laid, laid,
laying)“放置”。根据题意,应该用“平躺”之意。分词表示的动作与其修饰的词 之间是主动
关系,用现在分词,所以选C。
7)_______ tomorrow’s lessons, Frank has no time to go out with his friends. (《大学英语》(B)
Test 5, 45)
A. Not preparing B. Not having prepared
C. Not to prepare D. Being not prepared
解析:答案B。非 谓语动词的否定形式都是在最前边加not,排除D。由于“还没有完成对明
天功课的准备”,因此“不 能跟朋友外出玩耍”,根据句意,强调动作的完成性,用完成式。
(三)从句
1)Did you notice the guy ______ head looked like a big potato?(《大学英语》(B)Test 1, 37)
A. who B. which C. whose D. whom
解析:此题中,the guy是先行词 ,并且在定语从句中主语、谓语和宾语都不缺,只缺少名词主语中head
的定语,表示“那个家伙的头 看上去像个大马铃薯”,因此正确答案为C选项。
2)While I was in the university, I learned taking a photo, _______ is very useful now for me.(《大学英语》
(B)Test 4, 32)
A. it B. which C. that D. what
解析:此题是which引导非限制性定语从句,that不能引导非限制性定语从句,而A和D是不能引导定 语
从句的,因此正确答案为B选项。
3)It is the best _______ I have seen. (《大学英语》(B)Test 4, 42)
A. that B. who C. whom D. which
解析:先行词为the best,是 good的最高级形式;在定语从句中,先行词为形容词最高级或有最高级形容
词修饰词时,只能用th at,因此正确答案为A选项。
4)Children under fifteen are not permitted to see such kind of movies _______ bad for their mental
development.(《大学英语》(B)Test 5, 38)
A. that is B. which is C. as is D. what are 解析:such能与as或that搭配,分别引导定语从句和状语从句,因此排除B和D。在此题中,__ ____ is
bad for their mental development这句话中,缺少主语,因此该句为as…引导的定语从句,as代替kind of
movies做定语从句中的主语,因此正确答案为C选项。
5)The film brought the hours back to me _______ I was taken good care of in that remote village.(《大


学英语》(B)Test 6, 42)
A. when B. where C. that D. until
解析:此题中,the hours为先行词,表时间,而在从句中缺少的就是相应的时间状语,因此正确答案为A
选项。

3.状语从句
A. 知识要点

用作状语的从句称为状语从句。 它主要用于修饰句子中的谓语动词,从各个方面来修饰、说明谓语动
词发生时的各种情况。状语从句的连 接副词有很多,比如:when(当…时候)while(当…时候), as(正
当…时), every time(每当), before(在…以前), since(自…以来), until till(直到…), hardly … when
(刚…就…),because (因为), as(在..时候;像…一样…;因为…), since(既然),if(如果), though
(虽然), as, than…等等。例句:
(1)When she woke up, she found everybody had gone.
她醒来时,她发现大家都走了。(时间状语从句)
(2)Don’t try to get on the train until till it stops.
等火车停下来再上车。(时间状语从句)
(3)Wherever I go, I will bring an umbrella with me.
我不管到哪,都会带上一把伞。(地点状语从句)
(4)He was worried because he hadn’t had any letter form his child.
他很着急,因为他一直没有收到他孩子的信。(原因状语从句)
(5)I’ll ring him up at once so that he shouldn’t wait for me.
我马上给他挂电话以便他别等我了。(结果状语从句)
(6)If the weather is fine tomorrow, we shall go to the country.
如果明天天气晴朗,我们就到乡下去。(条件状语从句)
(7)Although he is little, he is brave. 他人虽小,但很勇敢。(让步状语从句)
(8)I admire and respect you more than everybody else (does).
我比其他的人都更钦佩和尊敬您。(比较状语从句)

B.例题讲解
1)No matter ______, the little sisters managed to round the sheep up and drive them back home safely.
(《大学英语》(B)Test 1, 45)
A. it was snowing hard





B. hard it was snowing
D. how hard it was snowing C. how it was snowing hard
解析:此题为“no matter+疑问 词”引导让步状语从句,因此可以排除A和B,而how疑问词后面要接
副词或形容词,因此正确答案为 D选项。
例题讲解
1)Had you come five minutes earlier, you ______ the train to Birmingham. But now you missed it. (《大
学英语》(B)Test 1, 43)
A. would catch B. would have caught C. could catch D. should catch
解析:B。虚拟语气用法,这里是对过去发生的事情虚拟,用“if从句+had come,主句+would have caught”。
此题前面的从句省略了if,所以根据句法要求倒装,将had提前到句首。
2)The dean of the Philosophy Department requested that the visiting scholar ______ a lecture on the
philosopher Sartre. (《大学英语》(B)Test 3, 39)
A. gave B. give C. would give D. had given


解析:B。request(要 求)后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气,从句的谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”。
3)I wish everybody _______ the meeting tomorrow. (《大学英语》(B)Test 4, 36)
A. will attend B. would attend C. had attended D. is going to attend
解析:B。wish后的从句用虚拟语气。当表示与将来希望相反时,从句中的谓语动词 用“would+动词原形”。
4)I would rather _______ two weeks earlier. (《大学英语》(B)Test 4, 45)
A. you should come here
C. you came here




B. you come here
D. you had come here
解析:D。would rather后的从句用过去完成式虚拟过去的情况。
5)It’s time we _______ the lecture because everybody has arrived. (《大学英语》(B)Test 4, 26)
A. will start B. shall start C. start D. started
解析:D。“It is (high) time+从句”结构中,从句中的谓语动词用一般过去式表示虚拟语气。
例题讲解
1)Never before ______ see such a terrible car accident on the road! (《大学英语》(B)Test 1, 39)
A. I have B. have I C. I did D. did I
解析:表示否定意义的词never放在句首,要倒装,因此排除A和C选项;考查B选 项,助动词用的have,
与后面的动词原形see不一致,因此正确答案为D选项。
2)I was satisfied with her explanation, ______. (《大学英语》(B)Test 3, 42)
A. so my classmates were
C. so my classmates did




B. so were my classmates
C. so did my classmates
解析:用so, neither nor引导句子表示与上文已经提到的肯定或否定意思一致时,so, neither nor引导
的句子要倒装,并且所用的谓语动词及其时态要与前面一句话的谓语动词及其时态保持一致,因此正确答
案为B选项。
3)Hardly _______ on stage _______ the audience started cheering. (《大学英语》(B)Test 4, 40)
A. he had come than
C. had he come when








B. he had come when
D. had he come than

解析:hardly…when是固定搭配,表示“一……就……”;并且hardly意思是“几乎不”,表 示否定意义,
放在句首要倒装,因此正确答案为C选项。
4)Important _______ his discovery might be, it was regarded as a matter of no account in his time. (《大
学英语》(B)Test 5, 42)
A. when B. until C. as D. although
解析:该句的意思是“______他 的发明也许重要,在他那个时代,它被视为一件不重要的事情。”,根据句
子的含义,可以看出前后两句 话是转折的关系,因此选项部分应为让步状语从句,而在让步状语从句中,
如果形容词或名词位于句首, 则要用as或though,因此正确答案为C选项。
B.例题讲解
1)Both the kids and their parents ______ English, I think. I know it from their accent.(《大学英语》(B)
Test 1, 38)
A. is B. been C. are D. was
解 析:答案C。both…and…表示“两者都……”,连接的是两个不同的主语,因此谓语动词要用复数形式,
所以正确答案为C选项。
2)Two thousand dollars ______ enough for the car. (《大学英语》(B)Test 2, 36)
A. being B. were C. are D. is
解析:答案D。此题是用 钱来做主语,而货币单位做主语时看作单数,因为它在概念上属于一个整体,因
此正确答案为D选项。此 外,距离、重量、时间等单位充当主语时也看作单数。

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