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英语专业四级考试语法

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2020-10-24 18:59
tags:专四考试时间

橄榄的拼音-第二英语怎么说

2020年10月24日发(作者:韩雪)


最新英语专业四级考试
考试内容:
本考试共有六个部分:听写、听力理 解、完型填空、语法与词汇、阅读理解、
写作。整个考试需时130分钟。
8:30开考
Ⅰ.听写(Part Ⅰ: Dictation) 15’ 比重15%
1.测试要求:
(a)能在全面理解内容的基础上逐字逐句写出所听材料。
(b)拼写和标点符号正确无误,错误率不超过8%。
(c)考试时间15分钟。
2.测试形式:
本部分为主观试题,所听材料共念四遍。第一遍用正常语速朗读,录音语 速为
每分钟120个单词,让学生听懂材料大意,第二三遍朗读时意群、分句和句子之
间留出约 15秒的空隙,让学生书写,第四遍再用正常语速朗读,让学生检查。
3.测试目的:
测试学生听力理解能力拼写熟练程度以及正确运用标点符号的能力。
4.选材原则:
(a)题材广泛体裁多样。
(b)听写材料难度以不超过《大纲》规定为准。
(c)听写材料长度约150个单词。
8:50收卷

Ⅱ.听力理解(Part Ⅱ: Listening Comprehension) 30’ 比重15%
1.测试要求:
(a)能听懂英语国家人士关于日常生活和社会生活的谈话,以 及中等难度(如
TOEFL中的短文)的听力材料。能理解大意,领会说话者的态度感情和真实意图。
(b)能听懂相当于VOA正常语速和BBC新闻节目的主要内容。
(c)能辨别各种英语变体(如美国英语、英国英语、澳大利亚英语等)。
(d)考试时间约20分钟。

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2.测试形式:
本部分采用多项选择题,分三节:Section A,Section B,Section C,共30题。
Section A: Conversations
本部分含有若干组对话,每组约为200个单词。每组对话后有若干道题。本部
分共有10题。
Section B: Passages
本部分含有若干篇短文,每篇长度约为200个单词。每篇后有若干道题。本部
分共有10题。
Section C: News Broadcast
本部分含有若干段VOA或BBC新闻,每段新闻后有若干道题。本部分共有
10题。
本 部分后有5秒的间隙,要求学生从所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。录
音语速为每分钟约120个单 词,念一遍。
3.测试目的:
测试学生获得口头信息的能力。
4.选材原则:
(a)对话和短文中的部分内容与日常生活和学习活动相关。
(b)VOA和BBC新闻材料为学生所熟悉的一般新闻报道、短评或讲话等。
(c)听写材料中所出现的词语原则上不超出《大纲》规定的范围。

Ⅲ.完型填空(Part Ⅲ: Cloze) 20’ 比重10%
1.测试要求:
(a)能在全面理解所给短文内容的基础上,选择一个最佳答案使短文意思和结构
恢复完整。
(b)考试时间15分钟。
2.测试形式:
本部分采用多项选择题。在一篇约 250个单词、题材熟练难度中等的短文中留
出20个空白,每个空白为一题,每题有四个选项,填空的 词涉及语法和词汇。
3.测试目的:

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测试学生的综合语言知识和能力。

Ⅳ.语法与词汇(Part Ⅳ: Grammar and Vocabulary) 30’ 比重15%
1.测试要求:
(a)掌握并能运用《大纲》规定的一至四级语法内容。
(b)掌握《大纲》规定的基础阶段 认知词汇(5500-6000),并且能正确、熟练地运
用其中的3000-4000个单词及其最基 本的搭配。
(c)考试时间15分钟。
2.测试形式:
本部分采用多项选择 题。共30道题,每题有四个选项。题目中约50%为词汇
词组和短语用法题,其余为语法结构题。
3.测试目的:
测试学生掌握词汇短语及基本语法概念的熟练程度。

Ⅴ.阅读理解(Part Ⅴ: Reading Comprehension) 20’ 比重20%
1.测试要求:
(a)能读懂英美国家出版的中等难度的文章和材料。
(b)能读懂难度相当于美国Newsweek的国际新闻报道。
(c)能读懂难度相当于Sons and Lovers的文学原著。
(d)能掌握所读材 料的主旨大意,了解说明主旨大意的事实和细节;既理解字面
意思,又能根据所读材料进行判断和推理; 既能理解个别句子的意义,也理解上
下文的逻辑关系。
(e)能在阅读中根据需要自觉调整阅读速度和阅读技巧。
(f)考试时间25分钟。
2.测试形式:
本部分采用多项选择题,由数篇阅读材料组成。阅读材料共长1800个 单词左
右。每篇材料后有若干道题。学生应根据所读材料内容,从每道题的四个选项中
选出一个 最佳的答案,共20道题。
3.测试目的:

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本 部分测试学生通过阅读获取有关信息的能力,考核学生掌握相关阅读策略和
技巧的程度,既要求准确性, 也要求一定的速度。阅读速度为每分钟120个单词。
4.选材原则:
(a)题材广泛,包括社会、科技、文化、经济、日常知识、人物传记等。
(b)体裁多样,包括记叙文、描写文、说明文、议论文、广告、说明书、图表等。
(c)阅读材料的语言难度中等,关键词汇基本上不超出《大纲》规定的范围。
10:00收卷

Ⅵ.写作(Part Ⅵ: Writing)
1.测试要求:
(a)作文:能根据所给的作文题目、提纲或图表、数据等,写一篇200个 单词左右
的作文。能做到内容切题、完整,条理清楚,结构严谨,语法正确,语言通顺,
表达得 体。考试时间35分钟。
(b)便条:能根据所给提示写50至60个单词的便条、通知、请贴等。能 做到格式
正确,语言得体。考试时间10分钟。
2.测试形式:
本部分分为主观试题,分两节:Section A和Section B。
Section A: Composition 15’ 比重15%
本题是命题作文,文章体裁主要属于说明文、议论文或记叙文的范围。
Section B: Note-Writing 10’比重10%
本节是写便条。
3.测试目的:
按照《大纲》的要求测试学生书面表达的能力。
10:45收卷
答题和计分
作文和听写做在规定的主观题答题卷上,多项选择题的答案写在客观题答题卷
上。凡是写在 试题册上的一律无效,予以作废。试卷各部分采用记权方式折算成
百分制。以60分为及格标准。专四证 书分三个等级:60-69分合格;70-79分良
好;80分以上优秀。


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语法总结回顾
专四语法考点虚拟语气、情态动词、非谓语动词、 复合句、倒装、小语法(省
略,时态,反义疑问句,代词,强调句,主谓一致,冠词,形容词及副词)、 as
的特殊用法。
英语专业四级考试历年各语法考点的分布表
考点
非谓语动词 不定式短语
分词短语
动名词短语
独立主格结构
并列句和复合句 状语从句
定语从句
名词性从句
虚拟语气
形容词和副词
情态动词
倒装
省略
时态
反意疑问句
代词
强调句
主谓一致
其他(插入语,冠词,数词,系动词)

专四英语语法考点串讲之一 虚拟语气
一般说来,有下列几种考点需要考生注意(十考点及两备考点)
考点1. 与现在事实相反从句谓语动词用 (be用 ),主句谓语动词
( , might)+do;

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数目
17
12
10
5
27
16
7
22
17
12
10
10
9
5
4
2
2
10
比例(%)
8.9
6.3
5.2
2.6
14.1
8.4
3.7
11.5
8.9
6.3
5.2
5.2
4.7
2.6
2.1
1.1
1.1
5.2
总比例(%)
23.0
26.2
11.5
8.9
6.3
5.2
5.2
4.7
2.6
2.1
1.1
1.1
5.2


考点2. 与过去事实相反从句谓语动词用 ,主句谓语动词用
( , , might)+ have done;例如:
43. I _________the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowd of
people there.
A. would enjoy B. will have enjoyed
C. would have enjoyed D. will be enjoying
49. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _________ quite
such a crowd of people there.
A. weren’t B. hasn’t been C. hadn’t been D.
wouldn’t
考点3.与将来事实相反,从句谓语动词用: ( + do或 + to do),
主句谓语动词用: (should, could, might)+do。例如:
43. If your car ___ any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized
dealer. (08年)
A. shall need C. would need B. should need D. will need
考点4. 时态的交叉现象,也就是主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间段。例
如:
If you to see the doctor,you all right now.
你要是早去看病,你现在就没事了。
考点5. 虚拟条件句if可以省略,但从句的语序要用到装,
即 ,但否定词not不前移。 例如:
65.___, he would not have recovered so quickly.(05年)
A. Hadn't he been taken good care of
B. Had he not been taken good care of
C. Had not he been taken good care of
D. Had he been not taken good care of
考点6. (一个坚持); , (两道命令); , ,
(三条建议); , , , (四点要求) 及相应的名词
的从句,谓语要使用:should+动词原形或动词原形。 例如:

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58. It was recommended that passengers ___ smoke during the flight. (04年)
A. not B. need not C. could not D. would not
考点 is + , , , ,
等等相关的从句,谓语要使用:should+动词原形或动词原形。例如:
46. It is imperative that students ____ their term papers on time.(04年)

考点 is high(about) time that的结构中,从句使用 。例如:
54. It’s high time we __ cutting down the rainforests.(06年)
A stopped B had to stop C shall stop D stop
考点 as尽管,虽然,引导让步状语从句,从句中用
表示假设,可以是说话人的语气变得十分委婉,真诚。例如:
52. Much as ____, I couldn’t lend him the money because I simply didn’t have
that much spare cash.(99年)
A.I would have liked to B.I would like to have
C.I should have to like D.I should have liked to
考点10. if only表示要是…就好了,相当与wish, as ifas though 的用法。 与
现在事实相反: 与过去事实相反: ;与将来
事实相反: 例如:
52. If only I __play the guitar as well as you! (06 年)
A would B could C should D might
备考1. would rather或would sooner后跟宾语从句,从句中使用
或过去完成式分别表示对现在或过去的虚拟,表示 。例如:
The manager would rather his daughter ____ in the same office now.
A. had not worked B. not to work C. does not work D. did
not work
备考2.用于lest, for fear that引导的状语从句。在lest, for fear that等引导的
状语从句中,通常用 这一虚拟语气形式 。例如:
The mad man was put in the soft- padded cell lest he ________ himself.
A. injure B. had injured C. injured D. would

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injure

真题速练:
1. The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential _____for that. 2003
a. for us to be prepared b. that we are prepared
c. of us to be prepared d. our being prepared
2. _____for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam. 2002
a. Had it not been b. Hadn’t it been
c. Was it not d. Were it not
3. “What courses are you going to do next semester?” 2002
“I don’t know. But it’s about time ______on something.”
a. I’d decide b. I decided c. I decide d. I’m deciding
4. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there ______quite such a
crowd of people there. 2000
a. weren’t b. hasn’t been c. hadn’t been d. wouldn’t be
5. If you have really been studying English for so long, it’s about time you _____able
to write letters in English. 1999
a. should be b. were c. must be d. are
6. If your car _____any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized
dealer. 1998
a. shall need b. should need c. would need d. will need
7. _____enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover
more in this field. 1998
a. Giving b. To give c. Given d. Being given
8. He left orders that nothing ______touched until the police arrived here. 1998
a. should be b. ought to be c. must be d. would be
9. I was to have made a speech if______.1997
a. I was not called away b. nobody would have called me away
c. I had not been called away d. nobody called me away
10. I _____ the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowd of people

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there. 1996
a. would enjoy b. will have enjoyed
c. would have enjoyed d. will be enjoying
11. We could _____him wit a detached house when he came, but he had specifically
asked for a small flat. 1995
a. provide b. have provided
c. not provide d. not have provided
12. _____, he would not have recovered so quickly. 1995
a. Hadn’t he been taken good care of
b. Had he not been taken good care of
c. Had not he been taken good care of
d. Had he been not taken good care of
13. _____ your timely advice, I would never have known how to go about the work.
a. Unless b. But for c. Except for d. Not for 1994
14. It was recommended that passengers _____smoke during the flight. 1994
a. not b. need not c. could not d. would not
15. ______you were busy, I wouldn’t have bothered you with my questions. 1994
a. If I realized b. Had I realized
c. I realized that d. As I realized

专四语法考点串讲之二 情态动词
考试中,情态动词部分重点测试以下内容:
(1)情态动词+行为动词完成式 ;
(2)某些情态动词的特殊用法。
1. must have v-ed表示 。其否定形式
为: , 表示 。例如:
Since the ditch is full of water, it last night.
2. could have v-ed 表示推测过去某动作 。
3. may might have v-ed 表示推测过去某事 .may 比

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might 表示的可能性在说话人看来稍大些。
to should have v-ed 和 ought not to shouldn’t have v-ed 用于对已
发生的情况表示 ,分别表示 和 表
示应完成而未完成的动作用于完成时中的否定句,表示不应完成但已做的动作
’t have v-ed 表示过去做了某事,但没有做的必要,意为 。
例如:You wakened me up; I don’t have to go to work today.
注意:did not need to do表示
例:I didn’t need to get up early, so I got up until 9 a.m.
*特殊用法
(1) can‘t表示“不可能”, may not 表示“不可以”, mustn’t(must not) 表示“不
许可 禁止”,needn't (need not) 表示“不必”,dare not +动词原形 表示“不敢”
(2) must表推测 的否定现在式用can’t ,过去式用couldn’t
(3)May I we …?这一类疑问句的肯定回答为Yes, please.或Certainly;否定回
答为Please don’t.或No, you mustn’t. 例如:
“May we leave now?”
“No, you mustn’t. You haven’t finished your home work yet.”
(4) need I we …?这一类疑问句的肯定回答为Yes, we must; 否定回答为
(5)在回答must引起的问题时,如果是否定的答复,不能用mustn’t,而要用

(6)Maymight as well may……but….(表转折)
(7) I wish to go home with you, may I?
(8) Do help yourself to have fruit, won’t you will you? (表示一种委婉的请求)
*情态动词短语的使用
would like to do…
would rather do…
would rather + 从句
would prefer to do...
had better do...
*情态动词: will(愿意), shall(将), must(必须), can, may, would, should(应

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该), might, could, ought to, used to(过去常常), need(需要), dare(竟敢),
have to(不得不)
*dare, need 也可作一般(行为)动词
*情态动词一般用法的否定:
mustn’t 不准, 禁止,不要
can’t(couldn’t) 不会;不能;
may (might) not 不可以;
needn’t 没必要 ( = don’t have to )
used not/usedn’t to或didn’t use to… 过去不…
dare not 不敢
*情态动词推测用法
Must 一定,肯定 can’t (couldn’t) 不可能
Can could 可能 Can’t (couldn’t) 不可能
may might “可能,也许” May (might) not 也许不,可能不
*推断用法
should/ought to“按理应当,应该是; shouldn’t 不应该 ( = ought not to )
*情态动词+have +done结构表示对过去动作的推测
must have done:对过去的肯定推测,译作“一定做了…”,只能用于肯定句
中。其否定形式为can’t/
e.g. It must have rained last night, for the road was quite muddy.
can could have done:对过去的可能性推测,译作“可能做了…”。只能用疑
问句中。
e.g. Can/Could he have said it? 他可能说过那种话吗?
may might have v-ed:对过去的可能性推测,译作“也许能,有可能。
e.g. It’s too late. I think he may have gone to bed.
*情态动词+have+过去分词结构表示轻微的责备和后悔
肯定:过去应该做而没有做;
否定:过去不该(不必)做而做了。
⑴ might/could+have+过去分词:“本来可以,早就应该”(只用于肯定句,

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且不能用may, can)
You could have told me you were going to be late !你应当早告诉我你会晚到
的!
⑵ should(ought to)+have+过去分词:“本应”(没做); should not(ought
not to)+have+过去分词:“本不该”(做了)
You should not have handed in your composition yesterday morning.你本不应把
作文交了。
You should have been here earlier.你应该早点来才对。
3. needn't+have+过去分词:“本不必,本不须”(need只用于否定句)(做
了)
You needn't have woken her up. It's only six.你其实不必叫醒她。现在才六点。
注意:did not need to do 动作并没发生(没做)
例:I didn’t need to get up early, so I got up until 9 a.m.
*八大注意点
1.在以could, might 表示征询对方意见或表示请求时,回答应相应使用can, may
— Might I watch TV after supper?
— Yes, you ________.
A. may B. must C. might D. can
2. May I we …?这一类疑问句的肯定回答为Yes, please.或Certainly;否定回
答为Please don’t.或No, you mustn’t. 例如:
“May we leave now?” “No, you mustn’t. You haven’t finished your home work
yet.”
3. need I we …?这一类疑问句的肯定回答为Yes, we must; 否定回答为
needn’t
4. 在回答must引起的问题时,肯定must; 如果是否定的答复,不能用mustn’t,
而要用needn’t或don’t have to
5. I wish to go home with you, may I?
6. Do help yourself to have fruit, won’t you will you? (表示一种委婉的请求)
用于第三人称,表示许可,允许
Let’s do this job, shall we? Let us do this job, will you?

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8. should 也表示惊讶的语气,
例如:I was shocked that she should have said such a thing to you.(她竟然对你说那
样的话,…)
*四大特殊结构
might as well + 动词原形”意为“最好,满可以,倒不如”,相当于had
better
You may as well do it at once.
well + 动词原形”是一种常见的结构,意为“(完全)能,很可能”
He may well be proud of his son. 他大可为儿子高兴。
3. cannot … too enough 表示 “无论怎么……也不算过分”、“越……越好”
You cannot be too careful.
4. had better 最好
You had better not wake me up when you come in.
*两大类区别:
一、表示能力: can, be able to
be able to 能用于各种时态。can could 只能表示现在或过去的能力
*was were able to : “设法做成某事” ,相当于managed to do sth;succeeded
in doing sth.
二、used to 和would 的区别
used to过去常常(但现在已无此习惯,would无此含义)
He used to drink beer, now he drinks wine.他过去喝啤酒,现在喝白酒。
would只能用来谈动作;used to用来谈动作或状态(可与be, live, like, stay
等状态动词连用):
He would get up early when he lived in the country.他住在乡下时总是早起。
We used to live in a small town.(不能用would)
Be used to doing sth: 习惯于做某事

真题速练
1. You _____Jim anything about. It was none of his business. 2000
a. needn‘t have told b. needn’t tell c. mustn’t have told d. mustn’t tell

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2. He ______unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful. 1999
a. may have acted b. must have acted c. should act d. would act
3. Mush as______, I couldn’t lend him the money because I simply didn’t have that
much spare cash. 1999
a. I would have liked to b. I would like to have
c. I should have to like d. I should have liked to
4. You ______Mark anything. It was none of his business. 1998
a. needn’t have told b. needn’t tell c. mustn’t have told d. mustn’t tell
5. As it turned out to be a small house party, we _____so formally. 1996
a. need not have dressed up b. must not have dressed up
c. did not need to dress up d. must not dress up
6. The meeting’s been cancelled. Ann _____ all that work. 1995
a. need to do b. need have c. needn’t have done d. needed not to do
7. “She must be in the dormitory now.” “No, she ____ be there. I saw her in the
classroom a minute ago.” 1994
a. mustn’t b. can’t c. couldn’t d. wouldn’t
8. He _____ the 8:20 bus because he didn’t leave home till 8:25. 1994
a. couldn’t have caught b. ought to have caught
c. shouldn’t have caught d. must not have caught




14

前景是什么意思-sideways


mvp一般指什么意思-犨


音乐的英语-点拨


愈发-新来的


侯门似海是成语吗-大武生


鲨鱼英语怎么读-balance


position-Agape


红丹防锈漆-家用电器英文



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