职称英语等级考试及解题方法序言

职称英语等级考试及解
题方法序言
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2015年全国职称英语考试技巧，考试资料，职称英语重点解析

职称英语等级考试及解题方法序言
2013年长沙职称英语，职称外语，湖南职称英语，职称 外语，重点解析，考试真题，报名条
件，考试资料133***1955**7406 07**31－－88**7188****08 秋秋188**727**206刘老师
1．概述
全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试是由国家人事部组织实施的一项外语考试，它 根据
英语在不同专业领域活动中的应用特点，结合专业技术人员掌握和应用英语的实际情况，对申
报不同级别职称的专业技术人员的英语水平提出了不同的要求。该考试根据专业技术人员使用
英语的实 际情况，把考试的重点放在了阅读理解上面。
全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试共分三个专业类别： 综合类、理工类、卫生类。每个
专业类别的考试各分A、B、C三个等级。每个级别的试卷内容，除综合 类外，普通英语和专业
英语题目各占50％。三个等级考试的总分各为100分，考试时间均为2小时。
2．职称英语等级考试的要求
全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试重点考查应试者的阅读理解 能力。考试总的评价目标
是：申报A级的人员在两小时内应完成3000词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理 解所读材料的内
容；申报B级的人员在两小时内应完成2600词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材 料的内
容；申报C级的人员在两小时内应完成2200词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所 为达到上述
目标，考试对应试者的英语词汇量、英语语法知识和阅读理解能力的要求分别如下：
词汇量
考试所涉及的词汇和短语主要依据本大纲所附词汇表。对申报不同级别的应试者要求掌握的
词汇量不等：
● 申报A级的人员应认知6000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语；
● 申报B级的人员应认知5000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语；
● 申报C级的人员应认知4000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语。
需要指出的是，职称英语等 级考试所涉及的词汇、短语主要根据本考试大纲所附的词汇
表，在实际考试中，凡是超出大纲词汇表以外 的词汇一般都给出中文意思。

第一部分 2010年度全国职称英语等级考试试题、答案

综合类试卷及答案
综合类(A级)试题
第1部分：词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有括号，请为每处括号部分确定1个意义最为接近的
选项。
1. Her father was a quiet man with (graceful) manners.
A. bad B. polite C. similar D.
usual
2. Patricia stared at the other girls with (resentment).
A. love B. surprise C. doubt D. anger
3. Your dog needs at least 20 minutes of (vigorous) exercise every day.
A. energetic B. physical C. regular D. free
4. Our arrangements were thrown into complete (turmoil).
A. failure B. confusion C. doubt D.
relief
5. Sleep stairs can present a particular (hazard) to older people.
A. evidence B. danger C. case D. picture
6. I enjoyed the play – it had a clever plot and very (funny) dialogues.
A. long B. original C. humorous D. boring
7. He (demolished) my argument in minutes.
A. disproved B. disputed C. accepted D. supported
8. The two banks have announced plans to (merge) next year.
A. combine B. sell C. close D. break
9. Regular visits from a social worker can be of (immense) value to old people living alone.
A. immediate B. great C. equal D. moderate
10. I want to provide my boys with a (decent) education.
A. private B. general C. good D.
special
11. Lower taxes would (spur) investment and help economic growth.
A. attract B. encourage C. require D.
spend
12. He was kept in (appalling) conditions in prison.
A. critical B. terrible C. necessary D. normal
13. I can’t (put up with) my neighbor’s noise any longer, it’s driving me mad.
A. measure B. generate C. tolerate D. reduce
14. The project required ten years of (diligent) research.
A. hardworking B. scientific C. basic D. social
15. He was rather (vague) about the reasons why he never finished school.
A. unclear B. bright C. bad D. general
第2部分：阅读判断（第16~22题，每题1分，共7分）
下面的短文后列出了7个句子， 请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的
是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误 信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提
及，请选择C。

The Writing’s on the Wall
Is it art or is it just vandalism(野蛮行为) Well, it's still a crime, but graffiti（涂鸦）has changed
since the days of spraying your name on a wall to mark your territory. Street art has become much
more sophisticated since a 17-year-old called Demetrius started spraying his
the New York underground in 1971, and hip-hop culture was born. Hip-hop is a mixture of art, who felt
left out by their richer classmates and who were desperate to express themselves in any way they could.
An experiment to control the spread of graffiti in Rochdale, Greater Manchester, has been so
successful that plans have been made by local street artists for an international convention in June.

says Liam, one of organizers. The scheme started in 2000, and has attracted people of all age groups
and both sexes. “We all share a common interest and get on really well with each other.
to be chosen was a subway. Before we began, people were afraid to use the subway. We had it cleaned
up and now, with all the artists hanging out down there, people are using it again, People can relate to
graffiti much more now.
amount of
Street artist Temper developed his drawing skills at a young age. In art classes at school he was
really frustrated because the Art teacher didn't spend time with him. They thought he was already very
good at art and so spent more time with other students. So, at 12 years old, Temper started painting
with all these guys he'd looked up with who were about 22 years old. He looked up to them and loved
what they were doing on the streets of Wolvehampton, England.
up of different things and I did a bit of everything. But it was always the graffiti I was best at,
16. Demetrius was a teenager from New York.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
17. The graffiti scheme in Rochdale was for teenagers only.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
18. People did not like using the subway before an organized group of graffiti artists came.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
19. Since the scheme started, no walls in the town were sprayed with graffiti.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
20. Most of the other graffiti artists in England were about ten years older than Temper.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
21. Temper, a street artist, is now head of a graffiti club in England.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
22. Temper is involved in many different aspects of hip-hop culture.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23~30题，每题1分，共8分）
下面的短文后有2项 测试任务：（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段
选择1个小标题；（2）第2 7~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。
Waste Not, Want Not
Bob and Clara Darlington, who own and run a farm in the North of England, have always looked
for new ways of making money out of the produce they grow. Their success began when they
established a shop on their farm, so that people could come and buy fresh vegetables directly from
them.
The business was an immediate success, and soon became top marks in a competition set up by
the Farm Retail Association to find the best farm shop in the country. The association's inspectors

found the Darlingtons's shop offered excellent service and value for money as well as quality fruit and
vegetables.
Clara Darlington is a trained chef and, in addition to a range of home-grown foods and other local
produce, she began offering a variety of prepared meals which she has make herself in the farmhouse
kitchen. A small cafe alongside the farm shop was soon added, with everything that visitors could taste
on the menu also being for sale in the shop.
Clara admits that starting the business was expensive, and she has worked very hard, but maintains
that if the product is good, the public recognize this and buy it.
customers, whether they come in for a loaf of bread, or take a whole dinner-party menu. I take it as a
compliment if people take home one of my dishes to serve to their family and friends and get away
with pretending they made it themselves.
So it was that the couple realized that they has a surplus of misshapen or damaged vegetables
grown on the farm which were unsuitable for selling in the shop. Clara, not wishing to see them get
thrown away, decided to turn them into soup.
The soup met with immediate approval of customers to the shop and Clara now produces ten
different varieties. She spent much of the summer traveling up and down to London by rail, doing
presentations of the soups. As a result, they are now served in first-class railway restaurant cars
belonging to three companies as well as being stocked by a number of high-class London stores.
23. Paragraph 2 ____
24. Paragraph 3 ____
25. Paragraph 4 ____
26. Paragraph 5 ____
A. A necessary alternative to farming
B. Professional recognition is obtained
C. Time well spent is rewarded
D. Professional skills are exploited
E. Continuing investment in high standards
F. Ensuring that nothing gets wasted
27. Bob and Clara Darlington established a shop to _____
28. Apart from quality fruit and vegetables, the couple _____
29. Instead of throwing the damaged vegetables away, the couple _____
30. Clara spent much of the summer going to London to ____
A. sell fresh vegetables
B. fill a gap in the market
C. offer a variety of prepared meals
D. turn them into soup
E. sell as much as possible
F. promote her soups
第4部分：阅读理解（第31~45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇 The best way to lose weight
You hear this:
and supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do
genes, not your life habits, determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.

Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that.
the Children of two obese parents become obese, as compared with no more than 14 percent of the
offspring of two parents of normal weight.
How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting Well, dieting can be effective,
but the health costs are tremendous. Jules Hirsch, a research physician at Rockefeller University, did a
study of eight fat people. They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day. After more
than 10 weeks, the subjects lost 45kg on average. But after leaving the hospital, they all regained. The
results were surprising: by metabolic measurement, fat people who lost large amounts of weight
seemed like they were starving. They had psychiatric problems. They dreamed of food or breaking their
diet. They were anxious and depressed; some were suicidal. They hid food in their rooms. Researchers
warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn't result in normal weight, but in an abnormal state
resembling that of starved non-obese people.
Thin people, however, suffer from the opposite: They have to make a great effort to gain weight.
Ethan Sims, of the University of Vermont, got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six
months, they ate as much as they could. They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent.
But months after the study ended, they were back to normal weight and stayed there.
This did not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight. It means
that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to
significantly lower their weight.
The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true-each person has a
comfortable weight range. The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60-69 kg
without too much effort. But going above of below the natural weight range is difficult. The body
resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it
seeks.
31. The first paragraph tells us our weight is determined by
A. our genes B. our work habits
C. our eating habits D. our life style
32. In Jules Hirsche’s study, the subjects
A. showed no health problem B. lived only on liquid food
C. were very short D. gained weight rapidly
33. After leaving the hospital, the eight fat people
A. were back to their original weight B. went mad
C. attempted suicide D. followed the advice of Hirsch’s
34. In Ethen Sim’s study, the subjects were asked to
A. eat as much as they could B. battle their genetic inheritance
C. stay in prison D. lower their weight
35. Which of the following statements is true
A. Each person wants to control his weight
B. Each person has a weight range of 9 kg
C. Each person wants to eat his heart’s content
D. Each people has a natural weight range
第二篇 Food for Learning
In Eritrea, a small country in northeast Africa, approximately 80 percent of the population is
illiterate. That percentage is even higher for women. As in many developing countries, most Eritreans

have traditional ideas about the role of women. They believe that women should stay home and take
care of the family and should not get an education or look for a job.
These beliefs are one of the factors that prevent Eritrea and other developing countries from
improving their economic situation. Experience in many countries has shown that educated women
have fewer children and have more opportunities for improving their lives and the lives of their
families. In Eritrea, in fact, there is great need for improvement. It is one of the poorest countries in the
world. For many Eritrean families, getting enough food is a daily problem.
To deal with these problems, the Eritrean government, together with the World Food Program,
has a new program that offers food as a reward for learning. In primary schools, all the children receive
food packages to take home to their families. However, with the new program, the girls receive 50
percent more food than the boys. This way, parents are encouraged to send their daughters to school
rather than keeping them at home.
Another government program that aims to educate women is Food for Training. Managed by the
National Union of Eritrean women, this program offers food rewards(also from the World Food
Organization) to women and older girls who are willing to join the program. Because of the war with
Ethiopia, many women are bringing up their families on their own. They often live in refugee camps,
with no land of their own and no way to earn money. Most of these women are illiterate and have no
skills to find a job. They spend most of their day looking for food and preparing it for their families.
The Food for Training program helps the teenagers and women change their lives. If they agree to
join the program, they receive a large package of food each month. In return, the women are required to
attend free literacy classes for two hours every day. When Food for Training started with classes in two
regions of Eritrea, 5,000 girls and women joined in the first two months. It is especially popular with
teenage girls, aged fourteen to sixteen, who have never had a chance to go to school before.
The organizers of Food for Training also plan to offer other kinds of courses for women, using the
same system of food weaving. These women will not only learn to read and write. They will become
aware of what is going on in their country, and they will be able to have a voice in their future.
36. According to the passage, traditional ideas about women
A are rejected by the younger generation
B help improve the economy
C hinder economy development
D have little impact on economic development
37. The Eritrean government is offering extra food to girls in school in order to
A encourage parents to help girls at home
B help girls feed their families
C change traditional attitudes towards women
D create more jobs for Eritrean teachers.
38. With the Food for Training program, women get a large package of food as long as
A they attend free literacy classes every day
B they bring up their families on their own
C they live in refugee camps
D they have no land of their own
39. The new literacy programs are an example of
A the work of 5,000 women and teenage girls
B the Eritrean government working to keep its power
C local and international organizations working together

D the problems with international aid organizations
40. According to the passage, Food for Training will
A allow women to spend more time at home
B teach women about international aid
C encourage women to leave their country
D help women better their lives
第三篇 The Iceman
On a September day in 1991, two Germans were climbing the mountain between Australia and
Italy. High up on a mountain pass, they found the body of a man lying on the ice. At that height(10,499
feet, or 3,200 meters), the ice is usually permanent, but 1991 had been an especially warm year. The
mountain ice had melted more than just usual and so the body had come to the surface.
It was lying face downward. The skeleton(骨架) was in perfect condition, except for a wound in
the head. There was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothes. The hands were still
holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth boots.
Nearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark(树皮) and a holder for arrows.
Who was the man How and when had he died Everybody had a different answer to these
questions. Some people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in
World WarⅠ, since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman who believed
it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never
been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe
even a thousand years old.
With modern dating techniques, the scientists soon learned that the iceman was about 5,300 years
old. Born in about 3300 ., he lived during the Bronze Age in Europe. At first scientists thought he was
probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains. More recent evidence,
however, tells a different story. A new kind of X-ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his shoulder. It
left only a tiny hole in his skin, but it caused internal damage and bleeding. He almost certainly died
from this wound, and not from the wound on the back of his head. This means that he was probably in
some kind of battle. It may have been part of a large war, or he may have been fighting bandits. He
may even have been a bandit himself.
By studying his clothes and tools, scientists have already learned a great deal from the Iceman
about the times he lived in. we may never know the full story of how he died, but he has given us
important clues to the history of those distant times.
41. The body of the iceman was found in the mountains mainly because
A. two Germans were climbing mountains.
B. he was just on a mountain pass.
C. the melted ice made him visible.
D. he was lying on the ice.
42. What can be inferred from paragraph 2
A. The iceman could have died from the wound in the head.
B. The iceman was struck dead from behind.
C. The iceman was killed while working.
D. The iceman lived a poor life.
43. All the following are assumptions once made about iceman EXCEPT
A. he was a soldier in World War I. came from Italy

C. he was a Swiss woman’s long- lost father. was born about a thousand
years ago.
44. The scientists made the deduction that the iceman
A. was hit in the shoulder by an arrowhead.
B. has a tiny hole in his skin causing his death.
C. was probably in some kind of a battle.
D. had got a wound on the back of his head.
45. The word “bandits” in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by
A. robbers B. shooters
C. soldiers D. hunters
第5部分：补全短文（第46~50题，每题2分，共10分）
下面 的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分
别放回原有位置，以 恢复文章面貌。
I Know Just How You Feel
Do you feel sad Happy Angry You think that the way you display these emotions is unique. Well,
think again. Even the expression of the most personal feelings can be, classified, according to Mind
Reading, an DVD displaying every possible human emotion. It demonstrates 412 distinct ways in
which we feel: the first visual dictionary of the human heart.
Attempts to classify the human heart began in the mid-1800s, when Darwin divided the emotions
into six types - anger, fear, sadness, disgust, surprise and enjoyment. (46). Every other feeling was
thought to derive from Darwin’s small group. More complex expressions of emotion were probably
learned and therefore more specific to each culture. But now it is believed that many more facial
expressions are shared worldwide. (47). The Mind Reading DVD is a systematic visual record of these
expressions.
The project was conceived by a Cambridge professor as an aid for people with autism(孤独症),
who have difficulty both reading and expressing emotion. But it quickly became apparent that it had
broader uses. Actors and teachers, for example, need to understand a wide range of emotional
expression. The professor and his research team first had to define an “emotion”. (48). Using this
definition, 1,512 emotion terms were identified and discussed. That list was whittled down to 412, from

Once the emotions were classified, a DVD seemed the clearest and most efficient way to display
them. In Mind Reading, each expression is acted out by six different actors in three seconds. (49). The
explanation for this is simple: we may find it difficult to describe emotions using words, but we
instantly recognize one when we see it on someone’s face, “It was really clear when the actors had got
it right,
Cathy Collis, “the actors were not told which facial muscle they should move. (50). For example, when
someone feels contempt, you can’t say for certain that their eyebrows always go down.
Someone who has tried to establish such rules is the American Professor Paul Ekman, who has
built a database of how the face moves for every emotion. The face can make 43 distinct muscle
movements called
Ekman has written out a paper of facial muscular movements to represent each emotion.
A. We thought of trying to describe each emotion, but it would have been almost impossible to
make clear rules for this.
B. Research have also been done find out which areas of the brain read emotional expressions.
C. These particular muscles are difficult to control, and few people can do it.

D. Any other method of showing all the 412 emotions, such as words, would have been far less
effective.
E. He said that the expression of theses feelings are universal and recognizable by anyone, from
any culture.
F. They decided that it was a mental state that could be preceded by
sounds
第6部分：完形填空（第52~65题，每题1分，共15分）
下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
Racial Prejudice
In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has been taken for granted as a
means of solving differences; and this is not even questioned. There are countries (51) the white man
imposes his rule by brute force; there are countries where the black man protests by (52) fire to cities
and by looting and pillaging. Important people on both sides, who would in other respects appear to be
reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in (53) of violence as if it were a legitimate solution, (54)
any other. What is really frightening, what really (55) you with despair, is the realization that when it
comes to the crunch, we have made no actual (56) at all. We may wear collars and ties instead of war-
paint, but our instincts remain basically unchanged. The whole of the recorded (57) of the human race,
that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learnt that
(58) never solves a problem but makes it more acute. The sheer horror, the bloodshed and the suffering
(59) nothing. No solution ever comes to (60) the morning after when we dismally contemplate the
smoking ruins and wonder what hit us.
The truly reasonable men who (61) where the solutions lie are finding it harder and harder
to get a hearing. They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted (62) their own kind because they
advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement. If half the energy that goes into (63)
acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at (64) up the slums and ghettos, at improving
living－standards and providing education and employment for all, we would have gone a long way to
(65) at a solution.
51 A when B why C where D what
52 A catching B setting C fighting D returning
53 A memory B spite C favor D need
54 A through B as C to D like
55 A puts B forces C sets D fills
56 A decision B point C sense D progress
57 A system B range C history D
business
58 A argument B talk C violence D research
59 A mean B have C want D deal
60 A end B light C mind D life
61 A consider B know C suggest D demand
62 A for B with C by D of
63 A lawful B violent C symbolic D final
64 A cleaning B looking C taking D getting
65 A arriving B meeting C laughing D starting

综合类(B级)试题
第1部分：词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有括号，请为每处括号部分确定1个意义最为接近
的选项。
1. Patricia stared at the other girls with (resentment).
A doubt B anger C love D surprise
2. I want to provide my boys with a (decent) education.
A special B private C good D general
3. Her father was a quiet man with (graceful) manners.
A polite B similar C usual D bad
4. There was a (profound) silence after is remark.
A short B deep C proud D sudden
5. The document was (compiled) by the Department of Health.
A printed B attached C written D sent
6. In the process, the light energy (converts) to heat energy.
A changes B reduces C leaves D
drops
7. Many cities have (restricted) smoking in public places.
A limited B allowed C stopped D kept
8. The thief was finally (captured) two miles away from the village.
A killed B jailed C caught
D found
9. If we leave now, we should (miss) the traffic.
A mix B avoid C direct D
stop
10. What are my chances of (promotion) if I stay here.
A advancement B replacement C retirement D advertisement
11. We’ve seen a (marked) shift in our approach to the social issues.
A great B clear C quick D regular
12. Such a database would be extremely costly to (set up).
A update B transfer C destroy
D establish
13. The two banks have announced plans to (merge) nest year.
A combine B break C sell D close
14. I enjoyed the play- it had a clever plot and very (funny) dialogues.
A humorous B long C original D boring
15. He’s spent years (cultivating) a knowledge of art.
A denying B using C sharing D
developing
第2部分：阅读判断（第16~22题，每题1分，共7分）
下面的短文后列出了7个句子， 请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的
是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误 信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提
及，请选择C。
The Race into Space

American millionaire Dennis Tito will always be famous. He was the first tourist in space.
sixty years on Earth and eight days in space and from my viewpoint, it was two separate lives.
explained. He loved his time in space.
rewarding experiences a human being can have.
This kind of experience isn't cheap. It cost 320 million. However, Tito achieved his dream, so he was
happy. an when I didn’t have any money.
reporters.
On 30 April 2002, Mark Shuttleworth became the world's second space tourist. Shuttleworth is a South
African businessman. At the age of twenty-eight, he also paid $$20 million for the eight-day trip.
Both Tito and Shuttleworth bought their trip from a company called Space Adventures. The company
has around 100 people already on their waiting list for flights into space. The spaceship to take them
doesn't exist yet.
Many of the customers are people who like adventures. They are the kind of people who also want to
climb Mount Qomolagma. Other customers are people who love space. However, these people are
worried. Because it's so expensive, only rich people can go into space. They want space travel to be
available to more people.
That day may soon be here. InterOrbital Systems (IOS) plans to send up to four tourists a week into
space. The tourists will depart from an island in Tonga. The company promises a package that includes
forty-five days of astronaut training in Russia and California, seven days in space, and a vacation in
Tonga, for $$2 million.
However, space flight in still very dangerous. Bill Readdy is NASA's deputy assistant administrator
for space flight. He says that the chances of dying are about 1 in 500. Because of this, it may take time
before space tourists really take off. You might be able to go up, but will you come down
16. Dennis Tito was the first tourist in space.
A right B Wrong C Not mentioned
17. Mark Shuttleworth is an engineer from the United States.
A right B Wrong C Not mentioned
18. Both Tito and Shuttleworth have climbed Mount Qomolangma.
A right B Wrong C Not mentioned
19. Space Adventures has about 100 customers waiting for their travel into space.
A right B Wrong C Not mentioned
20. Space Adventures already has a spaceship.
A right B Wrong C Not mentioned
21. IOS will send its tourist into space from Tonga.
A right B Wrong C Not mentioned
22. Bill Readdy thinks space flight is very dangerous.
A right B Wrong C Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意和完成句子（第23~30题，每题1分，共8分）
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每
段选择1 个小标题；（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。
Waste Not, Want Not
1. Bob and Clara Darlington, who own and run a farm in the North of England, have always looked for
new ways of making money of the produce they grow. Their success began when they established a
shop on their farm, so that people could come and buy fresh vegetables directly from them.

2. The business was an immediate success, and soon became top marks in a competition set up by the
Farm Retail Association to find the best farm shop in the country. The association's inspectors found
the Darlingtons' shop offered excellent service and value for money as well as quality fruit and
vegetables.
3. Clara Darlingto is a trained chef and, in addition to a range of home-grown foods and other local
produce, she began offering a variety of prepared meals which she has make herself in the farmhouse
kitchen. A small cafe alongside the farm shop was soon added, with everything that visitors could taste
on the menu also being for sale in the shop.
4. Clara admits that starting the business was expensive, and she has worked very hard, but maintains
that if the product is good, the public recognize this and buy it.
customers, whether they come in for a loaf of bread, or take a whole dinner-party menu. I take it as a
compliment if people take home one of my dishes to serve to their family and friends and get away
with pretending they made it themselves.
5. So it was that the couple realized that they has a surplus of misshapen or damaged vegetables grown
on the farm which were unsuitable for selling in the shop. Clara, not wishing to see them get thrown
away, decided to turn them into soup.
6. The soup met with immediate approval of customers to the shop and Clara now produces ten
different varieties. She spent much of the summer travelling up and down to London by rail, doing
presentations of the soups. As a result, they are now served in first-class railway restaurant cars
belonging to three companies as well as being stocked by a number of high-class London stores.
23. Paragraph 2 ____
24. Paragraph 3 ____
25. Paragraph 4 ____
26. Paragraph 5 ____
A. Time well spent is rewarded.
B. Professional recognition is obtained.
C. A necessary alternative to farming.
D. Professional skills are exploited.
E. Continuing investment in high standards.
F. Ensuring that nothing gets wasted.
27. Bob and Clara Darlington established a shop to _____
28. Apart from quality fruit and vegetables, the couple _____
29. Instead of throwing the damaged vegetables away, the couple _____
30. Clara spent much of the summer going to London to ____
A. sell fresh vegetables
B. sell as much as possible
C. offer a variety of prepared meals
D. turn them into soup
E. dill a gap in the market
F. promote her soups
第4部分：阅读理解（第31~45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇 Immigration and Problems
Hundreds of thousands of people supporting immigration rights in the US filled streets all over
America in early 2006. Many held signs and American flags and asked to be treated as citizens - not

criminals. Many of these supported legislation from Senator John McCain that would open a path to
citizenship to immigrants who were already in the country illegally. Proposed legislation from other
politicians called for stricter measures - including rounding up undocumented immigrants and sending
them back to their home countries.
Canadian officials say that immigration applications continue to rise. Some want to keep the doors
open. They need the labor. About 400,000 immigrants were allowed into the country in 2005,
according to the Canadian Government statistics. However, all this growth means that cities need to
adapt. Newcomers don’t always make a smooth transition into jobs for which they are skilled. So
industries are using mentoring(辅导) programs to help new immigrants find proper jobs.
With the large numbers of undocumented African immigrants arriving in the Canary Islands and
showing no sign of abating(减少), the Spanish Government has decided to get tough. There will be no
more mass amnesties(特赦) for illegals, and anyone coming to Spain without permission will be sent
back, the government has announced. About 23,000 migrants(移民) landed on the islands in 2006, and
riots have erupted in some crowded reception centers. This has promoted local authorities to appeal to
the United Nations for help.
France’s new immigration and integration law gives the government new powers to encourage high-
skilled migration. It takes effect in 2007. The new law authorizes the government to identify particular
professions where France has a talent shortage. Then the government will help these identified
employers find immigrant workers with needed skills or qualifications. The selected foreign employees
will be granted
drain in developing countries.
immigrants in the US took to the streets in early 2006, demanding that
A. John McCain be removed. B. they be sent back home.
C. they be treated as citizens. D. their culture be protected.
expression
A. encircling. B. separating.
C. arresting. D. frightening.
is not very strict with immigration application because
A. it is a large country.
B. it is suffering from labor shortage.
C. its population is decreasing.
D. it is a multicultural country.
solve the immigration problem, the Spanish Government decided
A. to take tough measures against illegal immigration.
B. to let immigrants freely enter the country.
C. to integrate immigrants into the Spanish culture.
D. to help immigrants find proper jobs.
France's new immigration and integration law takes effect, it will
A. encourage overseas students to return home.
B. bring damage to the unity of the country.
C. arouse anger among French workers.
D. make if hard for developing countries to keep talents.
第二篇 The Iceman
On a September day in 1991, two Germans were climbing the mountain between Austria and Italy.
High up on a mountain pass, they found the body of a man lying on the ice. At that height(10,499 feet,

or 3,200 meters), the ice is usually permanent, but 1991 had been an especially warm year. The
mountain ice had melted more than just usual and so the body had come to the surface.
It was lying face downward. The skeleton(骨架) was in perfect condition, except for a wound in the
head. There was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothes. The hands were still holding
the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth boots. Nearby was
a pair of gloves made of tree bark(树皮) and a holder for arrows.
Who was the man How and when had he died Everybody had a different answer to these questions.
Some people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World
WarⅠ, since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman who believed it
might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never
been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe
even a thousand years old.
With modern dating techniques, the scientists soon learned that the iceman was about 5,300 years old.
Born in about 3300 ., he lived during the Bronze Age in Europe. At first scientists thought he was
probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains. More recent evidence,
however, tells a different story. A new kind of X-ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his shoulder. It
left only a tiny hole in his skin, but it caused internal damage and bleeding. He almost certainly died
from this wound, and not from the wound on the back of his head. This means that he was probably in
some kind of battle. It may have been part of a large war, or he may have been fighting bandits. He
may even have been a bandit himself.
By studying his clothes and tools, scientists have already learned a great deal from the Iceman about
the times he lived in. we may never know the full story of how he died, but he has given us important
clues to the history of those distant times.
41. The body of the iceman was found in the mountains mainly because
A. Two Germans were climbing mountains. was just on a mountain pass.
melted ice made him visible. was lying on the ice.
42. What can be inferred from paragraph 2
A. The iceman could have died from the wound in the head.
B. The iceman was struck dead from behind.
C. The iceman was killed while working.
D. The iceman lived a poor life.
43. All the following are assumptions once made about iceman EXCEPT
A. He was a soldier in World War I. B. He came from Italy
C. He was a Swiss woman’s long- lost father. D. He was born about a thousand
years ago.
44. The scientists made the deduction that the iceman
A. was hit in the shoulder by an arrowhead.
B. has a tiny hole in his skin causing his death.
C. was probably in some kind of a battle.
D. had got a wound on the back of his head.
45. The word “bandits” in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by
A. robbers B. shooters
C. soldiers D. hunters
第三篇 Britain's Solo Sailor

Ellen MacArthur stand sailing when she was eight, going out on sailing trips with her aunt. She loved
it so much that she saved her money for three years to buy her first small boat. When she was 18, she
sailed alone around Britain and won the “Young Sailor of the Year” award.
But Ellen really became famous in 2001. Aged only 24, she was one of only two women who entered
the Vendee Globe round the world solo race, which lasts 100 days. Despite many problems, she came
second in the race out of 24 competitors and she was given very warm welcome when she returned.
Ambition and determination have always been a big part of Ellen’s personality. When she was younger,
she lived in a kind of hut(棚屋) for three years while she was trying to get sponsorship to compete in a
transatlantic race. Then she took a one-way ticket to France ought a tiny seven meter Class Mini yacht,
slept under it while she was repairing it, and then she raced it 4,000 kilometers across the Atlantic in
1997, alone for 33 days.
Ellen has had to learn many things, because sailing single-handed means that she has to be her own
caption, electrician, sailmaker, engineer, doctor, journalist, cameraman and cook. She also has to be
very fit, and because of the dangers of sleeping for long periods of time she’s in the middle of the ocean,
she has trained to sleep for about 20 minutes at a time.
And she needs courage. Once, in the middle of the ocean, she had to climb the mast(桅杆) of a boat to
repair the sails- at four hour o’clock in the morning, with 100kph winds blowing around her. It took her
many hours to make the repairs; Ellen says: “I was exhausted when I came down. It’s hard to describe
hoe it feels to be up there. It’s like trying to hold onto a big pole, which for me is just too big to get my
arms around, with someone kicking you all the time and trying to shake you off.”
But in her diary, Ellen also described moments which make it all worthwhile(值得的): “A beautiful
sunrise started the day, with black clouds slowly lit by the bright yellow sun. I have a very strong
feeling of pleasure, being out here on the ocean and having the chance to live this I just fell lucky to be
here”.
41. In the Vendee Globe race, Ellen won
A. a gold medal. B. the “Best Woman Sailor” award.
C. the second place. D. the “Young Sailor of the Year” award.
42. Ellen lived in a kind of hut for three years
A. because she was interested in country life.
B. because she was ambitious for the coming race.
C. while she was learning how to repair sails.
D. while she was trying to get financial support for a race.
43. The word “solo” in the title could best be replaced by
A. self-starter B. single-handed
C. one performer D. self- made
44. According to paragraph 4, which of the following statement is not true
A. She has to be her own teacher.
B. She has trained herself to sleep for about 20 minutes at a time.
C. She has to be very fit.
D. She has to learn to repair sails.
45. How does Ellen feel about the Vendee Globe race
A. It is surprising. B. It is relaxing.
C. It is dangerous. D. It is enjoyable.
第5部分：补全短文（第46~50题，每题2分，共10分）

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放
回 原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。
Semco
At 21, Ricardo Semler became boss of his father's business in Brazil, Semco, which sold parts for
ships. Semler Junior worked like a madman, from 7:30 am, until midnight every day. One afternoon,
while touring a factory in New York, he collapsed. The doctor who treated him said,
wrong with you. But if you continue like this, you'll find a new home in our hospital.
message. He changed the way he worked. In fact, he changed the ways his employees worked too.
He let his workers take more responsibility so that they would be the ones worrying when things went
wrong. He allowed them to set their own salaries, and he cut all the jobs he thought were unnecessary,
like receptionists and (46).
photocopying, sends faxes, types letters and dials the phone.
He completely reorganized the office: instead of walls, they have plants at Semco, so bosses can’t shut
themselves away from everyone (47).As for uniforms, some people wear suits and others wear T-shirts.
Semler says, “We have a sales manager named Rubin Agater who sits there reading the newspaper
hour after hour. He doesn't even pretend to be busy. But when a Semco pump on the other side of the
world fails millions of gallons of oil are about to spill into the sea. Rubin springs into action.
_____________(48). That's when he earns his salary. No one cares if he doesn't look busy the rest of
the time.
Semco has flexible working hours: the employees decide when they need to arrive at work. The
employees also evaluate their bosses twice a (49).
It sounds perfect, but does it work The answer is in the numbers: in the last six years, Semco's
revenues have gone from $$35 million to $$212 million. The company has grown from eight hundred
employees to 3,000. Why
Semler says it's because of
else. _____________(50). In other words, Ricardo Semler treats his workers like adults and expects
them to act like adults. And they do.
A This saved money and brought more equality to the company.
B He knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them.
C And the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want.
D Most managers spend their time making it difficult for workers to work.
E If someone isn't doing his job well, the other workers will not allow the situation to continue.
F Also, Semco lets its workers use the company's machines for their own projects, and makes them
take holidays for at least thirty days a year.
第6部分：完形填空 (第52~65题，每题1分，共15分）
下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
How a Terrible Battle Helped to Change Europe
Ninety years ago on a sunny morning in Northern France, something happened that changed
Britain and Europe for even. At half past seven on the morning of July 1,1916, whistles(哨子) blew and
thousands of British soldiers ____ (51) their positions to attack their German enemies. ____ (52) the
end of the day, 20,000 of them were dead, and another 30,000 wounded or missing. The Battle of the
Somme，____ (53) it is called, lasted for six months. When, it ended, 125,000 British soldiers were
dead. They had gained five kilometers of ground.

This was one of a series of great battles during WWI. The ____ (54) on the Somme was staged to
relieve pressure on the French, who were ____ (55) in a great battle of their own at a place called
Verdun. By the time the battle ended, over a million French and German troops had been killed.
About 17 million people were killed in WWI. There have been wars with greater numbers of dead.
But there has never been one in ____(56) most of the dead were concentrated in such a small area. On
the Somme battlefield, two men died for every meter of space.
Local farmers working in the land still ____ (57) the bodies of those who died in that battle. The
dead of all nations were buried in a series of giant graveyards ____ (58) the line of the border between
France and Belgium. Relatives and descendants (子孙)of those who died still ____ (59) these
graveyards today. What the French call the
Iowa economy.
It took a second great conflict before Europe was to ____ (60) against war itself. Twenty-eight
years after the Somme battle, a liberating army of British. American and Canadian troops took ____
(61) France from another German invasion. More than 500,000 people were killed. New graveyards
were built.
Two great conflicts across two generations helped to change the European ____ (62) about war.
Germany, once the most warlike country in Europe，is now probably more in favor of peace than any
other. One major ____ (63) of war in Europe was rivalry(竞争) between France and Germany. The
European Union was specifically formed to ____ (64) that rivalry.
According to US commentator William Pfaff,
civilized and tolerant international relations, compromising on problems while avoiding
catastrophes(灾难)along the way. They have themselves only recently recovered from the catastrophes
of WWI and WWII, when tens of millions of people were destroyed. They don't want more.
The last British veteran of the Somme battle died in 2005，aged 108. And WWI is passing out of
____ (65) and into history. But for anyone who wants to understand how Europeans think, it is still
important to know a little about the terrible events of July 1, 1916.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.

60.
61.
62.
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综合类(C级)试题
第1部分：词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有括号，请为每处括号部分确定1个意义最为接近的
选项。
1. Rodman met with Tony to try and (settle) the dispute over his contract.
A. mark B. involve C. solve D. avoid
2. We’re happy to report that business is (booming) this year.
A. failing B. open C. successful D. risky
3. If we leave now, we should (miss) the traffic.
A. avoid B. mix C. direct D. stop
4. In the process, the light energy (converts) to heat energy.
A. leaves B. drops C. reduces D. changes
5. I was (shocked) when I saw the size of the telephone bill.
A. surprised B. lost C. excited D. energy
6. Can you give a (concrete) example to support your idea
A. special B. good C. real D. specific
7. What are my chances of (promotion) if I stay here
A retirement B advertisement C replacement D advancement
8. We’ve been through some (rough) times together.
A long B happy C difficult D short
9. It was a (fascinating) painting, with cleaver use of color and light.
A large B wonderful C new D familiar
10. We’ve seen a (marked) shift in our approach to the social issues.
A quick B regular C clear D great
11. The police took fingerprints and (identified) the boy.
A discovered B touched C recognized D missed
12. She (gave up) her job and started writing poetry.
A abandoned B lost C took D created
13. The company has the right to (end) his employment at any time.
A provide B stop C offer D continue
14. The thief was finally (captured) two miles away from the village.
A. found B. jailed C. caught D.
killed
15. I (propose) that we discuss this at the next meeting.
A. request B. suggest C. demand D. order
第2部分：阅读判断（第16~22题，每题1分，共7分）
下面的短文后列出了7个句子， 请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的
是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误 信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提
及，请选择C。
The Race into Space
American millionaire Dennis Tito will always be famous. He was the first tourist in space.
spent sixty years on Earth adn eight days in space and from my viewpoint, it was two separate lives.
Tito explained. He loved his time in space.
rewarding experiences a human being can have.

This kind of experience isn't cheap. It cost 320 million. However, Tito achieved his dream, so he
was happy. dream that began when I didn’t have any money.
told reporters.
On 30 April 2002, Mark Shuttleworth became the world's second space tourist. Shuttleworth is a
South African businessman. At the age of twenty-eight, he also paid $$20 million for the eight-day trip.
Both Tito and Shuttleworth bought their trip from a company called Space Adventures. The
company has around 100 people already on their waiting list fro flights into space. The spaceship to
take them doesn't exist yet.
Many of the customers are people who like adventures. They are the kind of people who also want
to climb Mount Qomolagma. Other customers are people who love space. However, these people are
worried. Because it's so expensive, only rich people can go into space. They want space travel to be
available to more people.
That day may soon be here. InterOrbital Systems (IOS) plans to send up to four tourists a week
into space. The tourists will depart from an island in Tonga. The company promises a package that
includes forty-five days of astronaut training in Russia and California, seven days in space, and a
vacation in Tonga, for $$2 million.
However, space flight in still very dangerous. Bill Readdy is NASA'S deputy assistant
administrator for space flight. He says that the chances of dying are about 1 in 500. Because of this, it
may take time before space tourists really take off. You might be able to go up, but will you come
down
16. Dennis Tito was the first tourist in space.
A. right B. wrong C. Not mentioned
17. Mark Shuttleworth is an engineer from the United States.
A. right B. wrong C. Not mentioned
18. Both Tito and Shuttleworth have climbed Mount Qomolangma.
A. right B. wrong C. Not mentioned
19. Space Adventures has about 100 customers waiting for their travel into space.
A. right B. wrong C. Not mentioned
20. Space Adventures already has a spaceship.
A. right B. wrong C. Not mentioned
21. IOS will send its tourist into space from Tonga.
A. right B. wrong C. Not mentioned
22. Bill Readdy thinks space flight is very dangerous.
A. right B. wrong C. Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23~30题，每题1分，共8分）
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段
选择1 个小标题；（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。
Intelligent Machine
1 Medical scientists are already putting computer chips(芯片) directly into the brain to hepl people
who have Parkinson’s disease, but in what other ways might computer technology be able to help us
Ray Kurzweil is author of the successufl book The Age of Intelligent Machines and is one of the
world’s best computer reseacher scientists. He is researching the possibilities.
2 Kurzweil gets computers to recognize voices. An expamle of this is Ramona, the virtual(虚拟的)
hotess of Kurzweil’s homepage, who is programmed to understand what you say. Visitors to the site
can have their conversations with her, and Ramona also dances and sings.

3 Kurzweil uses this technology to help people with physical disabilites. One of his ideas is a
“seeing machine”. This will be “like a friend that could describe what is going on in the visible world”,
he explains. Blind people will use a visual sensor(探测器) which will probably be built into a pair of
sunglasses. This sensor will describe to the person everything it sees.
4 Another idea, which is likely to help deaf people, is the “listening machine”. This invention will
recognize million of words and understand any speaker. The listening machine will also be abe to
translate into other languages, so even people without hearing problems are likely to be interested in
using it.
5 But it is not just about helping people with diasbilities. Looking further into the future. Kurzweil
sees a time when we will be able to download our entire consciousness onto a computer. This
technology probably won’t be ready for at least 50 years, but when it arrives, it means our minds will
be able to live forever.
23. Paragraph 2 ______
24. Paragraph 3 ______
25. Paragraph 4 ______
26. Paragraph 5______
A A new pair of ears
B Computer that can communicate
C Everlasting consciousness on a computer
D Time to break off a friendship
E An author and researcher
F A new pair of eyes
27. Ray Kuizweil works with computers to help people
28. Ramona is able to understand
29. Blind people will be able to see the world with
30. People without hearing problems may also be interested in using
A what you say
B a pair of sunglasses
C the listening machine
D a visual sensor
E who have disabilities
F living forever in a computer