职称英语等级考试模拟题a

2013年职称英语等级考试模拟题（理工类A级）

第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)

下面每个句子中均 有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确
定1个意义最为接近的选项。


1. The government is debating the education laws.

A. discussing B. defeating C. delaying D.
declining

2. They had a far better yield than any other farm miles away around
this year.

A. goods B. soil C. climate D.
harvest

3. The city has decided to do away with all the old buildings in
its center.

A. get rid of B. set up C. repair D.
paint

4. During the past ten years there have been dramatic changes in
the international situation.

A. permanent B. powerful C. striking D.
practical

5. Since the Great Depression，the United States government has
protected farmers from damaging drops in grain prices.

A. slight B. surprising C. sudden D.
harmful

6. Cement was seldom used in building the Middle Ages.

A. crudely B. rarely C. originally D.
occasionally

7. There is an abundant supply of cheap labor in this country.

A. a steady B. a plentiful C. an extra D.
a stable

8. The most crucial problem any economic system faces is how to use
its scarce resources.

A. puzzling B. difficult C. terrifying D.
urgent

9. He made an immense amount of money in business.

A. large B. small C. limited D.

little

10. T he substance can be added to gasoline to accelerate the speed
of automobiles.

A. quicken B. shorten C. loosen D.
enlarge

11. The room was furnished with the simplest essentials，a bed，
a chair，and a table.

A. supplied B. gathered C. grasped D.
made

12. The local government decided to merge the two firms into a big
one.

A. motivate B. combine C. compact D.
nominate

13. He emphasized a feasible plan which can be accepted by the both
sides.

A. favorable B. possible D. genuine

14. When does the next train depart？

A. pull up B. pull down C. pull out D.

pull in

15. Because administering the whole company, he sometimes has to
work around the clock.

A. adjusting B. evaluating C. engaging D.
managing




第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)

下面的短文 后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判
断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如 果该句提供的是错误信息，
请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

Image Martian Dust Particles

NASA’s Phoenix Mars Lander has taken its first-ever picture
of a single particle of rusty Martian dust with one of its
microscopes. The dust particles of dust were shown at a higher
magnification than anything outside of Earth that has been imaged
before. The rounded particle measured only about one micrometer,
or one millionth of a meter, across.

“Taking this image required the highest resolution microscope
operated off Earth and a specially designed device to hold the
Martian dust,” said Tom Pike, a Phoenix science team member from
Imperial College London. “We always knew it was going to be
technically very challenging to image particles this small.”

The device that imaged the dust speck is called an atomic force
microscope, which maps the shape of particles in three dimensions
by scanning them with a sharp tip at the end of a spring. The atomic
force microscope can detail the shapes of particles as small as about
100 nanometers. And this won’t be the last dust particle that
Phoenix will image. “After this first success, we're now working
on building up a portrait gallery of the dust on Mars,” Pike said.

Dust exists everywhere on Mars, coating the surface and giving
it its rusty red color. Dust particles also color the Martian sky
pink and feed storms that regularly envelope the planet. The
ultra-fine dust is the medium that actively links gases in the
Martian atmosphere to processes in Martian soil, so it is critically
important to understanding Mars’ environment, the researchers
said.

The $$420-million Phoenix mission is analyzing the dust and
subsurface ice layers of Mars’ arctic regions to look for signs

of potential past habitability. The particle seen in the atomic
force microscope image was part of a sample scooped by the robotic
arm from the Whitetrench and delivered to Phoenix’s
microscope station in early July.


16. The dust particle on Mars is the smallest particle that has been
imaged outside of Earth.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

17. Using the same technology, we have also measured the size of
particles on the moon and Jupiter.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

18. Scientists use the highest resolution microscope to watch and
record the image of Martian particles on earth.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

19. Tom Pike said that they used to think it was no easy job to image
such small particles.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

20. An electronic device has been developed to measure the weight
of certain Martian rocks.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

21. After collecting the last Martian dust particle, the scientists
have started to build up a portrait gallery of it.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

22. The Phoenix’s robotic arm collected the Martian dust particles
for analysis on Mars.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned


第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）

下面的短文 后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选
项中为第3～6段每段选择1个最佳标题 ；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的
6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。


The Magic Io Personal Digital Pen

Check out the io Personal Digital Pen launched by Logitech:
It’s a magic pen that can store everything you write and transfer

it to your computer. And you don’t have to lug a hand- held device
along with you for it to work.

Logitech’s technology works like this: The pen writes normally,
using normal ballpoint pen ink. But while you are writing, a tiny
camera inside the pen is also taking 100 snapshots per second of
what you are doing, mapping your writing via a patchwork of minute
dots printed on the paper. All this information－the movement of
your pen on the paper，basically—is then stored digitally inside
the pen, whether you are writing notes or drawing complex diagrams.
You can store up to 40 pages worth of doodles in the pen’s memory.
As far as you are concerned, you are just using a normal pen.

It is only when you drop the pen into its PC-connected cradle
that the fun begins. Special software on your PC will figure out
what you have done, and begin to download any documents you have
written since the last time it was there. Depending on whether you
have ticked certain boxes on the special notepad, it can also tell
whether the document is destined to be an e-mail, a “to do” task,
or a diagram to be inserted into a word- processing document. Once
the documents are downlonded you can view them, print them out or
convert them to other formats.

The io Personal Digital Pen is a neat and simple solution to

the problem of storing, sharing and retrieving handwritten notes,
as well as for handling diagrams, pictures and other non-text
doodling. You don’t have to carry a laptop along with you. All you
have to do is just whip out the pen and the special paper and you
are off.

It is a great product because it does not force you to work
differently－walking around with a screen strapped to your arm, or
carrying with you extra bits and pieces. The pen is light and works
like a normal pen if you need it to, while the special notepads look
and feel like notepads. The only strange looks will be from people
who are curious why you are writing with a cigar.

The io Personal Digital Pen also has potential elsewhere. FedEx,
for example, is introducing a version of the pen so that cutomers
can fill out forms by hand－instead of punching letters into
cumbersome devices. Once that data is digital more or less anything
can be done with it－transferring it wirelessly to a central
computer, for example, or via a hand-phone. Doctors could transmit
their prescriptions direct to pharmacies, reducing fraud; policemen
could send their reports back to the station, reducing paperwork.


23. Paragraph 2

24. Paragraph 3

25. Paragraph 5

26. Paragraph 6

A. A Friendly and Convenient Device

B. Ways to Download the Stored Information

C. Examples of Other Potential Applications of the Io Pen

D. Customers’ Passion for the Io Pen

E. FedEx the First User of the Io Pen

F. Working Principle of the Io Personal Digital Pen

27. There is no need to learn how to use the io Personal Digital
Pen because .

28. If you want to download what you have done with the magic
pen, .

magic pen is particularly convenient when you work away from home
or office because .

30. No matter what you write or draw, .

A. you don’t have to carry your laptop along

B. the information will be shown digitally on the pen

C. FedEx has special software to store your information

D. it works like an ordinary pen

E. you simply place the pen into its computer-connected cradle

F. the movement of your pen is recorded digitally inside the
pen


第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确
定1个最佳选项。


第一篇

Sleep Lets Brain File Memories

To sleep. Perchance to file?
Findings published online this week
by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences further
support the theory that the brain organizes and stows memories
formed during the day while the rest of the body is catching zzz’s.

Gyorgy Buzsaki of Rutgers University and his colleagues
analyzed the brain waves of sleeping rats and mice. Specifically,
they examined the electrical activity emanating from6 the
somatosensory neocortex (an area that processes sensory information)
and the hippocampus, which is a center for learning and memory. The
scientists found that oscillations in brain waves from the two
regions appear to be intertwined. So- called sleep spindles (bursts
of activity from the neocortex) were followed tens of milliseconds
later by beats in the hippocampus known as ripples. The team posits
that this interplay between the two brain regions is a key step in
memory consolidation. A second study, also published online this
week by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, links
age-associated memory decline to high glucose levels.

Previous research had shown that individuals with diabetes
suffer from increased memory problems. In the new work, Antonio
Convit of New York University School of Medicine and his
collaborators studied 30 people whose average age was 69 to
investigate whether sugar levels, which tend to increase with age,
affect memory in healthy people as well. The scientists administered
recall tests, brain scans and glucose tolerance tests, which measure
how quickly sugar is absorbed from the blood by the body’s tissues.
Subjects with the poorest memory recollection, the team discovered,

also displayed the poorest glucose tolerance. In addition, their
brain scans showed more hippocampus shrinkage than those of subjects
better able to absorb blood sugar.

“Our study suggests that this impairment may contribute to the
memory deficits that occur as people age.” Convit says. “And it
raises the intriguing possibility that improving glucose tolerance
could reverse some age-associated problems in cognition.” Exercise
and weight control can help keep glucose levels in check, so there
may be one more reason to go to the gym.


31. Which of the following statements is nearest in meaning to the
sentence “To sleep. Perchance to file?”?

A. Does brain arrange memories in useful order during sleep?

B. Does brain have memories when one is sleeping?

C. Does brain remember files after one falls asleep?

D. Does brain work on files in sleep?

32. What is the result of the experiment with rats and mice carried
out at Rutgers University?

A. The electrical activity is emanating from the somatosensory

neocortex.

B. Oscillations in brain waves are from hippocampus.

C. Somatosensory neocortex and hippocampus work together in
memory consolidation.

D. Somatosensory neocortex plays it primary role in memory
consolidation.

33. What is the relation of memory to glucose tolerance, as is
indicated by a research mentioned in paragraph 4?

A. People with poor memory have high glucose tolerance.

B. People with good memory have low glucose tolerance.

C. Memory level has nothing to do with glucose tolerance.

D. The poorer the memory, the poorer glucose tolerance.

34. In what way is memory related to hippocampus shrinkage?

A. There is no relation between memory and hippocampus shrinkage.

B. The more hippocampus shrinks, the poorer one’s memory.

C. The more hippocampus shrinks, the better one’s memory.

D. The less hippocampus shrinks, the poorer one’s memory.

35. According to the last paragraph, what is the ultimate reason
for going to the gym?

A. To prevent hippocampus shrinkage.

B. To control weight.

C. To exercise.

D. To control glucose levels.


第二篇

Driven to Distraction

Joe Coyne slides into the driver’s seat, starts up the car and
heads to town. The empty stretch of interstate gives way to urban
congestion, and Coyne hits the brakes as a pedestrian suddenly
crosses the street in front of him.

But even if he hadn’t stopped in time, the woman would have
been safe. She isn’t real. Neither is the town. And Coyne isn’t
really driving. Coyne is demonstrating a computerized driving
simulator that is helping researchers at Old Dominion University

(ODU) examine how in-vehicle guidance systems affect the person
behind the wheel.

The researchers want to know if such systems, which give audible
or written directions, are too distracting — or whether any
distractions are offset by the benefits drivers get from having help
finding their way in unfamiliar locations.

“We are looking at the performance and mental workload of
drivers,” said Caryl Baldwin, the assistant psychology professor
lending the research, which involves measuring drivers reaction
time and brain activity as they respond to auditory and visual cues.

The researchers just completed a study of the mental workload
involved in driving through different kinds of environments and
heavy vs, light traffic. Preliminary results show that as people
“get into more challenging driving situations, they don’t have
any extra mental energy to respond to something else in the
environment.” Baldwin said.

But the tradeoffs could be worth it, she said. The next step
is to test different ways of giving drivers navigational information
and how those methods change the drivers’ mental workload.

“Is it best if they see a picture…that shows their position,

a map kind of display?”Baldwin said. “Is it best if they hear it?”

Navigational systems now on the market give point-by-point
directions that follow a prescribed route. “They’re very
unforgiving,” Baldwin said. “If you miss a turn, they can almost
seem to get angry.”

That style of directions also can be frustrating for people who
prefer more general instructions. But such broad directions can
confuse drivers who prefer route directions. Baldwin said.

Perhaps manufacturers should allow drivers to choose the style
of directions they want, or modify systems to present some
information in a way that makes sense for people who prefer the
survey style, she said.

Interestingly, other research has shown that about 60 percent
of men prefer the survey style, while 60 percent women prefer the
route style, Baldwin said. This explains the classic little thing
of why men don’t like to stop and ask for directions and women do,
Baldwin added.


36. Which statement is true of the description in the first two
paragraphs?

A. If Coyne had stopped the car in time, he wouldn’t have hit
the woman.

B. The woman would have been knocked over, if Coyne had followed
the traffic regulations.

C. Coyne is not really driving so it is impossible for him to have
hit the woman.

D. If the woman had not crossed the street suddenly, Coyne would
not have hit her.

37. What do researchers want to find out, according to the third
and fourth paragraphs?

A. Whether or not audible or written directions are distracting.

B. How long it will take the driver to respond to auditory and
visual stimuli.

C. How the driver perform under certain mental workload.

D. All of the above.

38. What are the preliminary results given in the fifth paragraph?

A. Drivers are afraid of getting into challenging driving
situations.

B. In challenging driving situations, drivers still have extra
energy to handle other things.

C. In challenging driving situations, drivers do not have any
additional mental energy to deal with something else.

D. Drivers’ mental load remains unchanged under different
situations.

39. The sixth paragraph mainly state that the researchers

A. are designing a visual navigational information system.

B. are designing an audio navigational information system.

C. are designing an audio-visual navigational information system.

D. want to determine the best ways of giving navigational
information system.

40. What kind of directions do men and women prefer?

A. Women prefer more general directions and men prefer route
directions.

B. Men prefer more general direction and women prefer route
directions.

C. Both men and women prefer general directions.

D. Both men and women prefer route directions.



第三篇

Listening to Birdsong

A male zebra finch chirps away to himself. Suddenly he notices
a female bird nearby. He realizes he has an audience and immediately
changes his song. Can the female tell the difference in his
performance? According to a new study, the female zebra finch knows.
And she prefers the special trills he creates when he sings to her.
A male zebra finch changes his song when singing to a female in ways
that people can barely detect. But the female finch can tell the
difference.

Scientists had noticed slight variations in the songs of male
zebra finches based on whether they were singing alone or whether
there was a female (and potential mate) nearby. With an audience,
the males sped up the pace of their songs and controlled the notes
they used.

For this study, researchers Sarah C. Woolley and Allison Doupe

at the University of California, San Francisco decided to focus
attention on the listening females, which have not been well studied
in the past.

In the study, Woolley and Doupe set up a long cage with a sound
speaker at each end. One broadcast the sound of a male zebra finch
singing to himself, like someone singing in the shower. The other
speaker broadcast a male performing for a female audience, as if
he was giving a concert.

Female birds were placed between the two speakers. Some of the
birds had mates. Others didn’t. The females shifted around a bit,
and then most of them hopped over to sit beside just one speaker.
All the birds that made a clear choice liked songs meant for a female
audience, even if they’d never met the male.

Mated females also had a chance to listen to two different
performance songs, one from an unknown male, and one from their mate.
They spent more time listening to the concert version of their
mates’ songs. This suggests that after a while, females learn to
recognize—and prefer—the songs of their mates.

Scientists then studied the brains of the females. They found
certain areas of the brain perked up when the birds listened to the

concert songs
. These brain areas may be involved in recognizing and
evaluating the songs, and storing the memories of them.

This research deals with what’s called directed communication,
when the communicator or sender, focuses the message for a specific
audience. One example is the way moms speak to their babies. Mothers
around the world use the same sort of high-pitched sing-song chatter,
and the babies respond best to those sounds. Songbirds are one of
the only other species known to 1earn their communication, in this
case their songs.


41. What does the first paragraph say about zebra finches?

A. Male zebra finches like to sing to female zebra finches.

B. Male zebra finches sing louder than female zebra finches.

C. Male zebra finches change their songs in female zebra
finches’ presence.

D. Male zebra finches like to listen to female zebra finches
sing.

42. What did the researchers find in their study of female zebra
finches?

A. Female finches liked songs male finches sang for them.

B. Female finches only liked songs male finches sang for their
mates.

C. Female finches liked to listen to songs from both speakers.

D. Female finches chose the best male singers as their mates.

43. What is meant by “
concert songs
” in the seventh paragraph?

A. Songs sung by zebra finches at a concert.

B. Songs sung by male finches for female finches.

C. Songs sung by female finches for male finches.

D. Songs sung by male finches to many female finches.

44. What is NOT true of directed communication?

A. The sender of a message has a specific audience.

B. Male zebra finches sing to female finches.

C. Mothers talk to their babies.

D. Male zebra finches sing to themselves.

45. Which of the following can best reflect the theme of the passage?

A. Chirping away.

B. Birdsongs as communication.

C. Zebra finches and their life.

D. Enjoying birdsongs.


第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)

下面的短文有5处空 白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请
根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。


Sleeping Giant

Right now, an eruption is brewing in Yellowstone National Park.
Sometime during the next two hours, the park’s most famous geyser,
Old Faithful, will begin gurgling boiling water and steam. 46

Old Faithful is not only a spectacular sight; it’s also a
constant reminder that Yellowstone sits on one of the largest
volcanoes in the world. If you’ve never heard of Yellowstone’s
volcano, you’re not alone. 47 Yet it has erupted three times
during the last 2 million years. And one of those eruptions spewed
enough volcanic ash and other debris to blanket half the United

States.

Yellowstone’s volcano is sometimes called a “supervolcano,”
or extremely large and explosive caldera volcano. 48 This
supervolcano formed over a hot spot, an extremely hot area in
Earth’s mantle. John Valley, a volcano professor, said that as the
crust moves across a hot spot, the hot spot melts a section of the
plate moving over it, forming “one volcano after another.”

The Yellowstone hot spot melts thick continental crust, which
may cause catastrophic eruptions. According to experts the
eruptions that created each of the three calderas in and around
Yellowstone National Park were larger than any other volcanic
eruption in recorded history. The most recent eruption, which
happened 640, 000 years ago, produced at least 1,000 cubic
kilometers of ash and debris, which blanketed most of the western
half of the United States. 49

Geological evidence shows Yellowstone has blown its stack every
700,000 years or so. “If nature were truly that regular and reliable,
we would be due for another eruption soon,2” said Valley. “However,
these processes are subject to variability, so we don’t really know
when the next eruption will happen.”

50 It is the volcanic energy that powers the geysers and
hot springs, creates the mountains and canyons, and generates the
unique ecosystems that support Yellow tone’s diverse wildlife.


A. Three calderas make up more than a third of Yellowstone National
Park.

B. The first Yellowstone eruption, 2 million years ago, released
more than double that amount of ash and debris.

C. The volcano is so inconspicuous (不显眼的 ) that few people know
it exists.

D. Then, an enormous fountain will shoot high into the air.

E. While the active geological processes at Yellowstone do pose some
risk to the public, they also make it a unique treasure.

F. Yellowstone National Park attracts the interest of geologists
the world over.


第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳
选项。

Animal’s “Sixth Sense”

A tsunami was triggered by an earthquake in the Indian Ocean
in December, 2004. It killed tens of thousands of people in Asia
and East Africa. Wild animals, 51 , seem to have escaped that
terrible tsunami. This phenomenon adds weight to notions that1 they
possess a “sixth sense” for 52 , experts said.

Sri Lankan wildlife officials have said the giant waves that
killed over 24, 000 people along the Indian Ocean island’s coast
clearly 53 wild beasts, with no dead animals found.

“No elephants arc dead, not 54 a dead rabbit. I think
animals can 55 disaster. They have a sixth sense. They know when
things are happening,” H. D. Ratnayake, deputy director of Sri
Lanka’s Wildlife Department, said about one month after the tsunami
attack. The 56 washed floodwaters up to 2 miles inland at Yala
National Park in the ravaged southeast, Sri Lanka’s biggest
wildlife 57 and home to hundreds of wild elephants and several
leopards.

“There has been a lot of 58 evidence about dogs barking
or birds migrating before volcanic eruptions or earthquakes. But

it has not been proven,” said Matthew van Lierop, an animal behavior
59 at Johannesburg Zoo.

“There have been no 60 studies because you can’t really
test it in a lab or field setting,” he told Reuters. Other
authorities concurred with this 61 .

“Wildlife seem to be able to pick up certain 62 ,
especially birds … there are many reports of birds detecting
impending disasters,” said Clive Walker, who has written several
books on African wildlife.

Animals 63 rely on the known senses such as smell or hearing
to avoid danger slid as predators.

The notion of an animal “sixth sense” — or 64 other
mythical power is an enduring one which the evidence on Sri Lanka’s
ravaged coast is likely to add to.

The Romans saw owls 65 omens of impending disaster and many
ancient cultures viewed elephants as sacred animals endowed with
special power or attributes.


51. A. therefore B. however C. although D. whatever

52. A. shelters B. foods C. disasters D. water

53. A. missed B. protected C. raised D. caught

54. A. such B. too C. so D. even

55. A. feel B. see C. hear D. sense

56. A. waves B. tides C. winds D. rivers

57. A. birthplaces B. playground C. reserve D. storage

58. A. experimental B. apparent C. scientific D. chemical

59. A. specialist B. assistant C. supporter D. sponsor

60. A. additional B. specific C. especial D.
exceptional

61. A. modification B. detection C. assessment D. value

62. A. route B. behavior C. principle D. phenomenon

63. A. unwillingly B. occasionally C. doubtfully D.
certainly

64. A. some B. much C. many D. few

65. A. on B. as C. for D. in

1－5 ADACD
6－10 BBDAA
11－15 ABBCD
16－20 ACBAC







答案

21－25 BAFBA

26－30 CDEAF

31－35 ACDBD

36－40 CDCDB
41－45 CABDB
46－50 DCABE
51－55 BCADD
56－60 ACBAB
61－65 CDDAB