一般将来时时态用法讲解

一般将来时时态用法讲
解
内部编号：（YUUT- TBBY-MMUT-URRUY-UOOY-

一般将来时时态
1. 一般将来时的定义

一般将来时表示在现在看来即将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用时间
副词tomorrow, soon或短语next year week month, in a few
days, in the future, sometime 做状语。如：

What will you do this afternoon？ 你今天下午干什么？

We will have a meeting tomorrow. 我们明天要开会。

He is going to study abroad（到国外） next year. 明年他要出国
学习。

2. 一般将来时的结构及应用

(1) shall will + 动词原形。表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态。
特别是表示客观性的事情 或在某条件下要发生的事情，只能用此结构。
如：

What shall we do if he doesn’t come 如果他不来，我们该怎么
办？

Will you be free this evening 今天晚上有空吗？

I think he will tell us the truth（真相）。 我想他会告诉我们真
实情况的。

(2) be going to + 动词原形。表示已经计划或安排好了的事情，也可
表示有迹象表明肯定要发生的事情。如：

We are going to have a meeting to discuss （讨论）the matter
this evening. 今天晚上开会讨论这件事情。

Look at the black clouds over there. I think it is going to
rain soon. 看一看那边的乌云，我想天要下雨了。

There is going to be an English evening this week. 本周要举行
一个英语晚会。

(3) be +现在分词。表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态。这个句型中
动词主要是瞬间动词：come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start,
stop, close, open, die, join, borrow, buy等。如：

Go ahead, and I’m coming. 走前面一点吧，我就来。

The dog is dying. 那条狗要死了。

Hurry up. The shop is closing. 快点，商店就要关门了。

(4) 一般现在时。表示一种严格按照计划进行的动作。比方说，上
课、飞机起飞、火车离站等。如：

Don’t hurry. The meeting starts at a quarter past eight. 不要
匆忙，回忆八点过一刻开始。

The bus goes back at four thirty. 汽车四点返回。

巩固练习：

一、用所给动词的适当形式填空

Lei tells me he _________________(visit)the Great Wall
（长城）this weekend.

mother _________________(buy)me a pair of new trousers
tomorrow.

says she _________________(leave)soon.

_________________(go) skating if it doesn’t rain next
Sunday.

_________________(be)an English evening next week.

over, and you _________________(get)a good idea.

7.——___________Jim ___________(have)a picnic next Monday

——-No, he __________.

8.I _________________(miss)you after you leave here.

_________________(teach)you English next year

_________________ (be) back in three hours.

at these clouds. It ___________________ (rain).

二、改错：每处划线中有错误，在题后改正

will sing anddancesfor us tomorrow.

you going to swim ------Yes, Iwill.

will help Jim with his Englishevery day.

her sistersingsa song for me tomorrow

lln’tplant trees next week.

they going toplaysbasketball tomorrow

go to visit the factory tomorrow

ll be going tomake dumplings for Emma.

the boys going to the Great Wall next month ------Yes,
theywill.

三、句型转换：

Jimis going to play ll clean
the windowsnext week.

否定句：____________________________
______________________________

一般疑问句：_____________________________
______________________________

两回答：___________________________
_____________________________

特殊疑问句：______________________
_____________________________

四、选择题

( )1. —Are you going to _______ our English team



in
—Yes, I am.

A. take part in
D. joined

( )2. Xu Xia and her teammates are _______ the USA
next week.



B. join C. took part
A. leaving for B. leave for C. leave D. left

( )3. There _______ an English party in our class
next week.


Have

( ) 4. If it _______ tomorrow, we will go to the park.

A. isn’t rain
D. won’t rain

B. don’t rain C.
doesn’t rain
we go and watch it


be

“Would you mind doing…”句型透视

mind用作动词时，习惯后接动名词（短语）作宾语，而不接动词不定
式，常用于Would you mind doing…？句型中，具体用法是：

1. “Would you mind doing…？”句型常用于表示请求，意思是
“请你做……你是否介意？、请你做……好吗 ？”，是一种比较客气的
表达方式。如：

Would you mind turning off the light in the room？请你把房间
里的灯关掉好吗？

如果要表示“请你不要做……你是否介 意？、请你不要做……好
吗？”，只需要在doing前面加上not.如：

Would you mind not standing in front of me？请你不要站在我
的前面好吗？

2. 如果同意，表示不介意时，可用如下用语来表达：

CertainlyOf course at ， not at all； 如
果不同意，表示介意时，常用“SorryI‘m sorry.”（对不起）及陈
述某种理由来表示拒绝或反对。如：

—Would you mind going to the movies this evening？今晚去
看电影好吗？


A. is going to have B. is going to beC. will have D.
( )5. There ______ a football match next week. Shall
A. will have B. has C. have D. will

—I‘m sorry. But I haven’t finished my homework yet.

对不起，我的作业还没有完成。

学习时还要注意：

1.“Would you mind doing…？”句型中的would也可用do代
替，但语气 较生硬，不如用would客气。

2.“Would you mind doing… ？”句型中的逻辑主语只能是谈话的
对方you.如果想要对方允许自己做某事，可用“Would you mind my
doing…？”句型，如：

Would you mind my smoking here？

你介意我在这里吸烟吗？

巩固练习：

一、用下面提供的短语完成句子。

1. help me wash my clothes

Would you mind ______________________________？

2. give her a cup of tea

Would you mind _______________________________？

3. help him mend his car

Do you have _______________________________？

4. walk on the road

Would you mind _______________________________ on the
road？

二、选择题

( )1. —Would you mind _______ us in the game



in

( )2. —Would you like to climb mountains with me this
Sunday

—Not at all.

A. joining B. join C. join in D. joining

—I’d love to. But I _______ play table tennis
A. am going B. am going to C. am D. going to

against Class Three.

( )3. —Would you mind _______here

—I’m sorry about that. I’ll go somewhere else.

A. no smoking B. not smoking C. no smoke D. not smoke


1. had better 的基本用法特点

其 意为“最好”、“应该”，后接动词原形，与情态动词should用
法相似，其中的had通常缩略为 ’d：

You’d better get some sleep．你最好去睡一会儿。

Wego before it rains.我们最好在下雨前就去。

2. had better如何构成否定式和疑问式

构成否定式时，通常将not置于had better之后(而不是had之
后)；而构成疑问式时，则通常将had(而不是had better)置于主语之
前：

I’d better not disturb him．我最好别去打扰他。

What had we better do我们最好怎么办

练习题

( )1. —I’m afraid you have a cold. You’d better go
to see a doctor.




that.

( )2. —I’m fat. What should I do



more


—_______

A. No, I have no time. B. That’s a good idea.

C. It’s very kind of you. D. I’m sorry to hear
—You’d better eat _______ meat and _______ fruits.

A. less; more B. less; less C. more; less D. more;

( )3. You had better ask your brother _______ playing
computer games. It’s bad for him.


it up

food.






A. had better not; shouldn’t
C. had better; had better
—You should _______.

A. drink lots of water
C. see a dentist
B. take a rest

D. have a
B. should;
had better

D. shouldn’t; should

( )5. —I have a toothache.

A. to give up B. not to give up
D. not give it up

—You _______ drink sweet water and _______ eat sweet
C. to give
( )4. —I have a stomachache. What should I do

good sleep

情态动词的基本用法归纳

情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall
(should, will (would), need (needed), ought to等。 情态动词无
人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。

一、 can, could

1. 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。

Can you lift this heavy box（体力）

Mary can speak three languages.（知识）

Can you skate（技能）

2.表示请求和允许。

-----Can I go now

----- Yes, you can. No, you can’t.

此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might代替，不 是过
去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。

---- Could I come to see you tomorrow

---- Yes, you can. ( No, I’m afraid not. )

3.表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。

They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus
instead.

This hall can hold 500 people at least.

4.表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和
感叹句中。

Can this be true

This can’t be done by him.

How can this be true

二、 may, might

1. 表示请求和允许。might比 may语气更委婉，而不是 过去式。否
定回答时可用can’t或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。

----Might May I smoke in this room

---- No, you mustn’t.

---- MayMight I take this book out of the room

---- Yes, you can. (No, you can’t mustn’t. )

用May I...？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用Can I...？
在口语中更常见。

2.用于祈使句，表示祝愿。

May you succeed!

3. 表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。

might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。

1．He may might be very busy now.

2．Your mother may might not know the truth.

三、 must, have to

1. 表示必须、必要。

You must come in time.

在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t（禁止，不
准），而用needn’t, don’t have to（不必）.

---- Must we hand in our exercise books today

---- Yes, you must.

---- No, you don’t have to you needn’t.

2. must是说话人的主观看法， 而have to则强调客观需要。must
只有一般现在时， have to 有更多的时态形式。

1） he play isn’t interesting, I really must go now.

2） I had to work when I was your age.

3.表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句）

1） You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he
likes best.

2） Your mother must be waiting for you now.

四、need

作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般
用must, have to, ought to, should代替。

1）You needn’t come so early.

2） ---- Need I finish the work today

---- Yes, you must. No, you needn’t.

2. need作实义动词用时， 有人称、时态和数的变化。而need后面只
能接带to的不定式。

He needs to finish his homework today.

五、 shall, should

用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。

What shall we do this evening

用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺
或威胁。

1）.You shall fail if you don’t work hard.(警告)

2）He shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺)

3）He shall be punished.(威胁)

六、 will, would

1.表示请求、建议等，would更委婉。

Will Would you pass me the ball, please

2..表示意志、愿望和决心。

1）. I will never do that again.

2.） They asked him if he would go abroad.

3. would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表示过去习惯时
比used to正式，且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。

1）. During the vacation, he would visit me every other
day.

2）. The wound would not heal.

七、 should

表示“应该”

1）. I should help her because she is in trouble.

2.表示推测should , (客观推测), must(主观推测)。

1）.He must be home by now. (断定他已到家)

2）He ought toshould be home by now.(不太肯定)

3） This is where the oil must be.(直爽)

4）This is where the oil ought toshould be.(含蓄)

练习题

( )1. —May I ask you some questions, Dr. Wang




—_______

A. You’re welcome.
C. No, I’m busy.
B. Sure, go ahead.

D. Yes,
you must.

( )2. —Must I take part in the activity

—No, you _______. You’re too young. You should look
after yourself.

have to

A. mustn’t B. don’t C. can’t D. don’t
( )3. —May I watch TV, Mom



not

( )4. —Must we keep the window _______ all the time



—No, you don’t have to.

A. opening B. opened C. to open D. open

—I’m afraid you _______.

A. should not B. can’t C. must not D. may
( )5. —Must I take the medicine every day

—No, you _______.

A. must B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. can’t

( )6. My mother is ill. I _______ stay at home to take
care of her.




A. can B. may C. have to D. maybe

( )7. —May I use your dictionary, Lily

—Sure, _______.

A. go ahead B. you can ask Bill
反身代词用法归纳

一、反身代词的基本形式

反身代词是 oneself根据所指词的人称、性别、单复数等的变化可以有
myself, himself, herself, yourself, itself, ourselves,
yourselves, themselves 等形式。

二、oneself与himself

当one指人时，其相应的反身代词通常用oneself, 在美国英语中也可
用himself：

One should not praise oneself [himself]. 一个人不应该自吹自
擂。


C. you
can’t D. that’s all right

三、反身代词的句法功能：

1. 用作同位语(加强被修饰词的语气，紧放在被修饰名词后, 或句末：

The box itself is not so heavy. 箱子本身并不重。

Martin himself attended the sick man. 马丁亲自照顾病人。

2. 用作宾语(动词或介词的宾语)：

Take good care of yourself. 照顾好自己。

She could not make herself understood. 她不能使别人听懂她的
话。

The child cried himself to sleep. 孩子哭着哭着睡着了。

3. 用作表语

The poor boy was myself. 那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。

The ones who really want it are ourselves. 真正想要它的是我们
自己。

代词列表

人称代词

主格

I

we

you

me

us

you

人称代词

宾格

形容词性

物主代词

my

our

your

名词性

物主代词

mine

ours

yours

myself

ourselves

yourself

yourselves

she

he

it

they

主格做主语

her

him

it

them

宾格做宾语

放在动词介
词后


反身代词

her

his

its

their

hers

his

its

theirs

herself

himself

itself

themselves

by后接

反身代词

放在名词前

替代形代+名
不可单独用

词

不可与名词

连用

( )1. —He plays basketball so well! Who taught _______

—He learnt it by _______.

A. him; him B. himself; himself C. him; himself D.
himself; him

要求四会的单词

名词

体育运动

team match football tennis
baseball

skating rowing cycling basketball
soccer

人物或称谓类

person player musician scientist
pilot

policeman policewoman postman
fisherman

hero grandfather grandmother
grandparents

物品类

basket cup paper gold
record brush ring
处所类

grass theatretheater museum
factory

身体健康类

body health toothache headache
fever

cough stomachache illness medicine
heart

食品饮料类

coffee tea candy fruit
sugar

tomato+es potato+es salt watermelon
sandwich

strawberry beef biscuit meal

时间类

age century weekend

文化信息类

information website Internet
dictionary

knowledge message passage
culture

其他

shower fact care advice(a piece of advice)
news pity

article smoke risk question
habit world

war introduction note smile
peace

south middle taxi answer litter
voice score line phone example
skill

point chance suggestion mind
side

dream future friendship jump
part

形容词或副词

weak←→strong least ←→most
popular←→unpopular

healthy =fit←→ill fat ←→thin
dirty←→clean

useful←→ useless dark←→bright
hungry←→ full

dead←→alive cheap ←→expensive=dear
true←→ false

excited exciting tiredtiring

certainly badly really finally
even

famous mad angry main
funny active modern
necessary

动词：

win cheer row join skate
cycle

dream grow spend jump relax

leave kick pass throw
fight

kill

invent become follow hold
score

correct←→ wrong possible ←→impossible quite
successful enough terrible serious still
enjoypractice finish mind +doing sth. advise

point hit hear ring stand
feel break record suggest lift
boil brush

lie cry care check worry
cause

smoke taste force risk build
happen

介词

against through without off
except

词组荟萃

名词词组

table tennis the day after tomorrow day
and night

ice cream potato chips first aid relay
race

动词词组

cheer...on grow up be good for

be good at=do well in←→do badly in take part in
keep fit leave for fall ill give
sb. a hand shout at sb.

do one’s best=try one’s best be angry with
talk about

come into being stand for have a cold
lie down

worry about go ahead build sb. up
take care of

介词词组及其他

for example at least in fact
as...as possible in the future

on the other hand instead of all over
at first

课本中出现的词组或搭配归纳

be able to be sure be interested in see
sb. dodoing sth

join the school rowing team join sb
spend ... doing sth

make . +adj. all over the world
help sb. do sth play against have
fun

the most popular sports stop sb from doing sth.
such asfor example

hundreds of years the boys’ 800-meter race
lots of = a lot of

make friends with sb. win the first place
next time

look get wellbetter take one’s
advice

take medicine takehave a bath havetake
a rest

feel like doing sth. go up go out

fall down nothing serious stay
up

have a good rest do morningeye exercises
tellask sb to do sth.

the high jump the long jump turn ... into...

give up show sb. sth.= show sth. to sb.
too much

重句大本营

1.
—What are you going to do

—I’m going to play basketball.

2.
—Would you like to come and cheer us on

—Sure，I’d love to.

3.
—Which sport do you prefer, swimming or rowing

—I prefer rowing.

4.
—Are you going to join the school rowing team

—Yes, I am. No, I’m not.

5.
—What’s your favorite sport, ________

—Basketball, of course.

6.
—Who’s your favorite player

—LeBron James.

7.
—What are you going to be when you grow up

—I’m going to be a scientist.

8.
—Why do you like playing soccer

—Because it makes him strong and it’s popular all over
the world.

9.
—_______, could you help me(=give me a hand), please

—Sure.

10.
—Will you join us

—I’d be glad to.

11.
—Would you mind teaching me

—Not at all. You can do it!

12.
—Would you mind not putting your bike here

—Sorry. I’ll put it somewhere else.

13.
—_______, I am sorry for what I said.(宾语从句）

—It’s nothing.

14.
—Will you take part in the school sports meet

—Of course I will.

15.
—Which sport will you take part in

—The boys’ 800-meter race.

16.
—Hello, is _______ in

—Speaking.

17.
—What shall we take

—We’ll take our sports clothes and sports shoes.

18.
—Shall I take my camera

—Good idea! It’ll be fun

19.
—When shall we meet

—Let’s make it half past six.

20.
—Where shall we meet

—At my house.

21.
—Hello, _________! You don’t look well. What’s wrong with
you？=What’s the matter with you=What is the matter with
you

—I have a toothachebackachestomachacheheadachefever.(I
have the flu.)

22.
—I hope you’ll get well soon.

—Thank you.

23.
—How long have you been like this

—Two two days.

24.
—You’d better take some medicine.

—I think I will.

25.
—How are you feeling today

—Not too bad.

26.
—Staying up late is bad for your health.

—Right! I must have a good rest.

27.
—May I ask you some questions, Dr. Li

—Sure, go ahead.

28.
—Must we go to see a doctor at once when we have the flu

—Yes, we , we needn’t.(we don’t have to).

29.
—Could I speak to Dr. Li Yuping

30.
—I’m afraid he is busy right now.

—Can I leave a message

—Sure, go ahead.

其他重要句型

1.
She spends half an hour exercising in the gym every day.

2.
There is going to be a school sports meet next weekend.

3.
They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow.

4.
Basketball is one of the most popular sports in the United
States and other parts of the world.

5.
It’s important for you and the other players to play as a
team.

6.
With hundreds of years’ history, it is one of the most
popular sports in England.

7.
The Summer Olympics and Winter Olympics are both held every
four years.

8.
You’d better stay in bed and not move your left leg too
much.

9.
Follow the doctor’s advice, and you’ll get well soon.=If
you follow the doctor’s advice, you’ll get well soon.

10.
Be careful not to eat too much salt or sugar.

11.
But his mother made him taste it.

12.
They must give up smoking as soon as possible.

13.
Playing sports can also help you keep fit.