近几年大学英语四级真题及答案

2010年6月四级A
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on
the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling. You should write at least
120 words following the outline given below:
1. 如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写
2. 出现这种情况的原因
3. 为了改变这种状况，我认为…
Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage
quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the
best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10,
complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Caught in the Web
A few months ago, it wasn't unusual for 47-year-old Carla Toebe to spend 15
hours per day online. She'd wake up early, turn on her laptop and chat on Internet
dating sites and instant-messaging programs – leaving her bed for only brief
intervals. Her household bills piled up, along with the dishes and dirty laundry, but
it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had
a problem.
– kind of slipping
into a depression,
keep going,使脱离) herself further from the outside world.
Toebe's conclusion: She felt like she was
alone.
Concern about excessive Internet use isn't new. As far back as 1995, articles in
medical journals and the establishment of a Pennsylvania treatment center for
overusers generated interest in the subject. There's still no consensus on how much
time online constitutes too much or whether addiction is possible.
But as reliance on the Web grows, there are signs that the question is getting
more serious attention: Last month, a study published in CNS Spectrums claimed to
be the first large-scale look at excessive Internet use. The American Psychiatric
Association may consider listing Internet addiction in the next edition of its
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diagnostic manual. And scores of online discussion boards have popped up on
which people discuss negative experiences tied to too much time on the Web.

they're overdoing their Internet involvement,精神科医生) Ivan
Goldberg. Goldberg calls the problem a disorder rather than a true addiction.
Jonathan Bishop, a researcher in Wales specializing in online communities, is
more skeptical.
the environment.
which can be solved by encouraging people to prioritize other life goals and plans
in place of time spent online.
The new CNS Spectrums study was based on results of a nationwide telephone
survey of more than 2,500 adults. Like the 2005 survey, this one was conducted by
Stanford University 6% of respondents reported that
relationships suffered because of excessive Internet use.
conceal
the Internet when offline.
About 8% said they used the Internet as a way to escape problems, and almost
14% reported they
time.

professor. No single online activity is to blame for excessive use, he said.
online in chat rooms, checking e-mail, or writing blogs. [The problem is] not
limited to porn (色情) or gambling
Excessive Internet use should be defined not by the number of hours spent
online but
professor.
are breaking down as a result, then it's too much.
Since the early 1990s, several clinics have been established in the U. S. to treat
heavy Internet users. They include the Center for Internet Addiction Recovery and
the Center for Internet Behavior.
The website for Orzack's center lists the following among the psychological
symptoms of computer addiction:
● Having a sense of well-being (幸福) or excitement while at the computer.
● Longing for more and more time at the computer.
● Neglect of family and friends.
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● Feeling empty, depressed or irritable when not at the computer.
● Lying to employers and family about activities.
● Inability to stop the activity.
● Problems with school or job.
Physical symptoms listed include dry eyes, backaches, skipping meals, poor
personal hygiene (卫生) and sleep disturbances.
People who struggle with excessive Internet use maybe depressed or have
other mood disorders, Orzack said. When she discusses Internet habits with her
patients, they often report that being online offers a
excitement [and] fun,
themselves so relaxed.
Some parts of the Internet seem to draw people in more than others. Internet
gamers spend countless hours competing in games against people from all over the
world. One such game, called World of Warcraft, is cited on many sites by posters
complaining of a
Andrew Heidrich, an education network administrator from Sacramento, plays
World of Warcraft for about two to four hours every other night, but that's nothing
compared with the 40 to 60 hours a week he spent playing online games when he
was in college. He cut back only after a full-scale family intervention (干预), in
which relatives told him he'd gained weight.

gaming, said Heidrich, now a father of two.
everything that was a constant in their lives.
discuss gaming addiction regularly
games in check.
Toebe also regularly visits a site where posters discuss Internet overuse. In
August, when she first realized she had a problem, she posted a message on a
Yahoo Internet addiction group with the subject line:
Addiction.

accomplish my work,to take care of my home, to give attention to my children,
wrote in a message sent to the group.
professional help; I can't even pay my mortgage (抵押贷款) and face losing
everything.
Since then, Toebe said, she has kept her promise to herself to cut back on her
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Internet use.
said by phone last week.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
1. What eventually made Carla Toebe realize she was spending too much time
on the Internet?
A) Her daughter's repeated complaints.
B) Fatigue resulting from lack of sleep.
C) The poorly managed state of her house.
D) The high financial costs adding up.
2. What does the author say about excessive Internet use?
A) People should be warned of its harmful consequences.
B) It has become virtually inevitable.
C) It has been somewhat exaggerated.
D) People haven't yet reached agreement on its definition.
3. Jonathan Bishop believes that the Internet overuse problem can be solved if
people ______.
A) try to improve the Internet environment
B) become aware of its serious consequences
C) can realize what is important in life
D) can reach a consensus on its definition
4. According to Professor Maressa Orzack, Internet use would be considered
excessive if ______.
A) it seriously affected family relationships
B) one visited porn websites frequently
C) too much time was spent in chat rooms
D) people got involved in online gambling
5. According to Orzack, people who struggle with heavy reliance on the
Internet may feel ______.
A) discouraged
B) pressured
C) depressed
D) puzzled
6. Why did Andre Heidrich cut back online gaming?
A) He had lost a lot of money.
B) His family had intervened.
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C) He had offended his relatives.
D) His career had been ruined.
7. Andrew Heidrich now visits websites that discuss online gaming addiction
to ______.
A) improve his online gaming skills
B) curb his desire for online gaming
C) show how good he is at online gaming
D) exchange online gaming experience
8. In one of the messages she posted on a website, Toebe admitted that she
______.
9. Excessive Internet use had rendered Toebe so poor that she couldn't afford
to seek ______.
10. Now that she's got a boyfriend, Toebe is no longer crazy about ______.
Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long
conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked
about what was the conversation and the questions will be spoken only
once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the
four choices marked A), B),C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then
mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the
centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。恒星英语学习网
11.
A) He has proved to be a better reader than the woman.
B) He has difficulty understanding the book.
C) He cannot get access to the assigned book.
D) He cannot finish his assignment before the deadline.
12.
A) She will drive the man to the supermarket.
B) The man should buy a car of his own.
C) The man needn't go shopping every week.
D) She can pick the man up at the grocery store.
13.
A) Get more food and drinks.
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B) Ask his friend to come over.
C) Tidy up the place.
D) Hold a party.
14.
A) The talks can be held any day except this Friday.
B) He could change his schedule to meet John Smith.
C) The first-round talks should start as soon as possible.
D) The woman should contact John Smith first.
15.
A) He understands the woman's feelings.
B) He has gone through a similar experience.
C) The woman should have gone on the field trip.
D) The teacher is just following the regulations.
16.
A) She will meet the man halfway.
B) She will ask David to talk less.
C) She is sorry the man will not come.
D) She has to invite David to the party.
17.
A) Few students understand Prof. Johnson's lectures.
B) Few students meet Prof. Jonson's requirements.
C) Many students find Prof. Johnson's lectures boring.
D) Many students have dropped Prof. Johnson's class.
18.
A) Check their computer files.
B) Make some computations.
C) Study a computer program.
D) Assemble a computer.
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19.
A) It allows him to make a lot of friends.
B) It requires him to work long hours.
C) It enables him to apply theory to practice.
D) It helps him understand people better.
20.
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A) It is intellectually challenging.
B) It requires him to do washing-up all the time.
C) It exposes him to oily smoke all day long.
D) It demands physical endurance and patience.
21.
A) In a hospital.
B) At a coffee shop.
C) At a laundry.
D) In a hotel.
22.
A) Getting along well with colleagues.
B) Paying attention to every detail.
C) Planning everything in advance.
D) Knowing the needs of customers.
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
23.
A) The pocket money British children get.
B) The annual inflation rate in Britain.
C) The things British children spend money on.
D) The rising cost of raising a child in Britain.
24.
A) It enables children to live better.
B) It goes down during economic recession.
C) It often rises higher than inflation.
D) It has gone up 25% in the past decade.
25.
A) Save up for their future education.
B) Pay for small personal things.
C) Buy their own shoes and socks.
D) Make donations when necessary. Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each
passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be
spoken only you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from
the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
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注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
Passage One
Questions 26 to 29 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
26.
A) District managers.
B) Regular customers.
C) Sales directors.
D) Senior clerks.
27.
A) The support provided by the regular clients.
B) The initiative shown by the sales representatives.
C) The urgency of implementing the company's plans.
D) The important part played by district managers.
28.
A) Some of them were political-minded.
B) Fifty percent of them were female.
C) One third of them were senior managers.
D) Most of them were rather conservative.
29.
A) He used too many quotations.
B) He was not gender sensitive.
C) He did not keep to the point.
D) He spent too much time on details.
Passage Two
Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
30.
A) State your problem to the head waiter.
B) Demand a discount on the dishes ordered.
C) Ask to see the manager politely but firmly.
D) Ask the name of the person waiting on you.
31.
A) You problem may not be understood correctly.
B) You don't know if you are complaining at the right time.
C) Your complaint may not reach the person in charge.
D) You can't tell how the person on the line is reacting.
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32.
A) Demand a prompt response.
B) Provide all the details.
C) Send it by express mail.
D) Stick to the point.
Passage Three
Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
33.
A) Fashion designer
B) Architect.
C) City planner.
D) Engineer.
34.
A) Do some volunteer work.
B) Get a well-paid part-time job.
C) Work flexible hours.
D) Go back to her previous post.
35.
A) Few baby-sitters can be considered trustworthy.
B) It will add to the family's financial burden.
C) A baby-sitter is no replacement for a mother.
D) The children won't get along with a baby-sitter.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the
passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.
When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks
numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks
numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For
these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down
the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third
time, you should check what you have written.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
Almost every child, on the first day he sets foot in a school building, is smarter,
more (36)______, less afraid of what he doesn't know, better at finding and (37)
______ things out, more confident, resourceful (机敏的), persistent and (38)
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______ than he will ever be again in his schooling – or, unless he is very (39)
______ and very lucky, for the rest of his life. Already, by paying close attention to
and (40) ______ with the world and people around him, and without any
school-type (41) ______ instruction, he has done a task far more difficult,
complicated and (42)______ than anything he will be asked to do in school, or than
any of his teachers has done for years. He has solved the (43) ______ of language.
He has discovered it – babies don't even know that language exists – and (44)
___________________ _____________________________. He has done it by
exploring, by experimenting, by developing his own model of the grammar of
language, (45) ________________________________________________ until it
does work. And while he has been doing this, he has been learning other things as
well, (46) ________________________________________________, and many
that are more complicated than the ones they do try to teach him. Part IV
Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required
to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank
following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your
choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the
corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the
centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones – the kind of
high-tech, solar- paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture
magazines. But the U.S. has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be
__47__ wasteful to tear them all down and __48__ them with greener versions. An
enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those
houses. And it would take an average of 65 years for the __49__ carbon emissions
from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying
an old one. So in the broadest __50__, the greenest home is the one that has already
been built. But at the same time, nearly half of U. S. carbon emissions come from
heating, cooling and __51__ our homes, offices and other buildings.
with climate change without dealing with existing buildings,
the president of the National Trust.
With some __52__, the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient.
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Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those
built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that __53__ over time and
let in more outside air.
Fortunately, there are a __54__ number of relatively simple changes that can
green older homes, from __55__ ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar
home. And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can
help __56__ property owners from rising power costs.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A) accommodations
B) clumsy
C) doubtful
D) exceptions
E) expand
F) historic
G) incredibly
H) powering
I) protect
J) reduced
K) replace
L) sense
M) shifted
N) supplying
O) vast
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by
some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices
marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
You never see him, but they're with you every time you fly. They record where
you are going,how fast you're traveling and whether everything on your airplane is
functioning normally. Their ability to withstand almost any disaster makes them
seem like something out of a comic 're known as the black box.
When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to Comoros
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Islands in the India ocean June 30, 2009, the black box is the best bet for identifying
what went wrong. So when a French submarine (潜水艇) detected the device's
homing signal five days later, the discovery marked a huge step toward determining
the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed.
In 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory
recorder that would track basic information like altitude and direction. That was the
first mode for a black box, which became a requirement on all U.S. commercial
flights by 1960. Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965
the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the plane – the area
least subject to impact – from its original position in the landing wells (起落架舱).
The same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were
never actually black, be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility.
Modern airplanes have two black boxes: a voice recorder, which tracks pilots'
conversations,and a flight-data recorder, which monitors fuel levels, engine noises
and other operating functions that help investigators reconstruct the aircraft's final
moments. Placed in an insulated (隔绝的) case and surrounded by a
quarter-inch-thick panels of stainless steel, the boxes can withstand massive force
and temperatures up to 2,000℉. When submerged, they're also able to emit signals
from depths of 20,000 ft. Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447,
which crashed near Brazil on June 1,2009, are in water nearly that deep, but
statistics say they're still likely to turn up. In the approximately 20 deep-sea crashes
over the past 30 years, only one plane's black boxes were never recovered.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
57. What does the author say about the black box?
A) It ensures the normal functioning of an airplane.
B) The idea for its design comes from a comic book.
C) Its ability to ward off disasters is incredible.
D) It is an indispensable device on an airplane.
58. What information could be found from the black box on the Yemeni
airliner?
A) Data for analyzing the cause of the crash.
B) The total number of passengers on board.
C) The scene of the crash and extent of the damage.
D) Homing signals sent by the pilot before the crash.
59. Why was the black box redesigned in 1965?
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A) New materials became available by that time.
B) Too much space was needed for its installation.
C) The early models often got damaged in the crash.
D) The early models didn't provide the needed data.
60. Why did the Federal Aviation Authority require the black boxes be painted
orange or yellow?
A) To distinguish them from the colour of the plane.
B) To caution people to handle them with care.
C) To make them easily identifiable.
D) To conform to international standards.
61. What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447?
A) There is still a good chance of their being recovered.
B) There is an urgent need for them to be reconstructed.
C) They have stopped sending homing signals.
D) They were destroyed somewhere near Brazil.
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
The $$11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn
negative thoughts like
succeed.
power in positive thinking?
Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological
Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the
opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.
The study's authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo
and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing older
research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly
positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your dim friend that he has
the potential of an Einstein, you're just underlining his faults. In one 1990s
experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked
participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. When the essayists
were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had
written.
In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students'
self-esteem. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and
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feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell.
When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves,
Those with low self-esteem didn't feel better after the forced self- affirmation.
In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control
group, who weren't urged to think positive thoughts.
The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that
urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In
the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (静思)
techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger,
more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。
62. What do we learn from the first paragraph about the self-help industry?
A) It is a highly profitable industry.
B) It is based on the concept of positive thinking.
C) It was established by Norman Vincent Peale.
D) It has yielded positive results.
63. What is the finding of the Canadian researchers?
A) Encouraging positive thinking many do more harm than good.
B) There can be no simple therapy for psychological problems.
C) Unhappy people cannot think positively.
D) The power of positive thinking is limited.
64. What does the author mean by
4, Para. 3)?
A) You are not taking his mistakes seriously enough.
B) You are pointing out the errors he has committed.
C) You are emphasizing the fact that he is not intelligent.
D) You are trying to make him feel better about his faults.
65. What do we learn from the experiment of Wood, Lee and Perunovic?
A) It is important for people to continually boost their self-esteem.
B) Self-affirmation can bring a positive change to one's mood.
C) Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self- esteem.
D) People with low self-esteem seldom write down their true feelings.
66. What do we learn from the last paragraph?
A) The effects of positive thinking vary from person to person.
B) Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy.
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C) Different people tend to have different ways of thinking.
D) People can avoid making mistakes through meditation. Part V Cloze
(15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there
are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You
should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding
letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
The term e-commerce refers to all commercial transactions conducted over the
Internet, including transactions by consumers and business-to-business transactions.
Conceptually, e-commerce does not __67__ from well-known commercial offerings
such as banking by phone,
supplier __68__ fax.E-commerce follows the same model __69__ in other business
transactions; the difference __70__ in the details.
To a consumer, the most visible form of e-commerce consists __71__ online
ordering. A customer begins with a catalog of possible items, __72__ an item,
arranges a form of payment, and __73__ an order. Instead of a physical catalog,
e-commerce arranges for catalogs to be __74__ on the Internet. Instead of sending
an order on paper or by telephone, e-commerce arranges for orders to be sent
__75__ a computer network. Finally, instead of sending a paper representation of
payment such as a check, e-commerce __76__ one to send payment information
electronically.
In the decade __77__ 1993, e-commerce grew from an __78__ novelty (新奇
事物) to a mainstream business influence. In 1993, few __79__ had a web page,
and __80__ a handful allowed one to order products or services online. Ten years
__81__, both large and small businesses had web pages, and most __82__ users
with the opportunity to place an order. __83__, many banks added online access,
__84__ online banking and bill paying became __85__. More importantly, the
value of goods and services __86__ over the Internet grew dramatically after 1997.
67.
A) distractB) descendC) differD) derive
68.
A) withB) viaC) fromD) off
69.
A) appearedB) usedC) resortedD) served
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70.
A) situatesB) liesC) rootsD) locates
71.
A) onB) ofC) forD) to
72.
A) reflectsB) detectsC) protectsD) selects
73.
A) sends inB) puts outC) stands forD) carries away
74.
A) visibleB) responsibleC) feasibleD) sensible
75.
A) besideB) overC) beyondD) up
76.
A) appealsB) admitsC) advocatesD) allows
77.
A) afterB) behindC) untilD) toward
78.
A) optionalB) invalidC) occasionalD) insignificant
79.
A) communitiesB) corpsC) corporationsD) compounds
80.
A) largelyB) slightlyC) solelyD) only
81.
A) latelyB) laterC) lateD) latter
82.
A) offeredB) convincedC) equippedD) provided
83.
A) InsteadB) NeverthelessC) HoweverD) Besides
84.
A) andB) orC) butD) though
85.
A) differentB) flexibleC) widespreadD) productive
86.
A) acquiredB) adaptedC) practicedD) proceeded
Part VI Translation (5 minutes)
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Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese
given in write you translation on Answer Sheet 2.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，只需写出译文部分。
87. Because of the noise outside, Nancy had great difficulty
__________________ (集中注意力在实验上).
88. The manager never laughed; neither __________________ (她也从来没
有发过脾气).
89. We look forward to __________________ (被邀请出席开幕式).
90. It is suggested that the air conditioner __________________ (要安装在窗
户旁).91. The 16-year- old girl decided to travel abroad on her own despite
__________________ (她父母的强烈反对).














2010年6月四级B
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on
the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling. You should write at least
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120 words following the outline given below:
1. 如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写
2. 出现这种情况的原因
3. 为了改变这种状况，我认为…
Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling Part II Reading
Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage
quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the
best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10,
complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Caught in the Web
A few months ago, it wasn't unusual for 47-year- old Carla Toebe to spend 15
hours per day online. She'd wake up early, turn on her laptop and chat on Internet
dating sites and instant- messaging programs – leaving her bed for only brief
intervals. Her household bills piled up, along with the dishes and dirty laundry, but
it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had
a problem.
– kind of slipping
into a depression,
keep going,使脱离) herself further from the outside world.
Toebe's conclusion: She felt like she was
alone.
Concern about excessive Internet use isn't new. As far back as 1995, articles in
medical journals and the establishment of a Pennsylvania treatment center for
overusers generated interest in the subject. There's still no consensus on how much
time online constitutes too much or whether addiction is possible.
But as reliance on the Web grows, there are signs that the question is getting
more serious attention: Last month, a study published in CNS Spectrums claimed to
be the first large-scale look at excessive Internet use. The American Psychiatric
Association may consider listing Internet addiction in the next edition of its
diagnostic manual. And scores of online discussion boards have popped up on
which people discuss negative experiences tied to too much time on the Web.

they're overdoing their Internet involvement,精神科医生) Ivan
Goldberg. Goldberg calls the problem a disorder rather than a true addiction.
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Jonathan Bishop, a researcher in Wales specializing in online communities, is
more skeptical.
the environment.
which can be solved by encouraging people to prioritize other life goals and plans
in place of time spent online.
The new CNS Spectrums study was based on results of a nationwide telephone
survey of more than 2,500 adults. Like the 2005 survey, this one was conducted by
Stanford University 6% of respondents reported that
relationships suffered because of excessive Internet use.
conceal
the Internet when offline.
About 8% said they used the Internet as a way to escape problems, and almost
14% reported they
time.

professor. No single online activity is to blame for excessive use, he said.
online in chat rooms, checking e-mail, or writing blogs. [The problem is] not
limited to porn (色情) or gambling
Excessive Internet use should be defined not by the number of hours spent
online but
professor.
are breaking down as a result, then it's too much.
Since the early 1990s, several clinics have been established in the U. S. to treat
heavy Internet users. They include the Center for Internet Addiction Recovery and
the Center for Internet Behavior.
The website for Orzack's center lists the following among the psychological
symptoms of computer addiction:
● Having a sense of well-being (幸福) or excitement while at the computer.
● Longing for more and more time at the computer.
● Neglect of family and friends.
● Feeling empty, depressed or irritable when not at the computer.
● Lying to employers and family about activities.
● Inability to stop the activity.
● Problems with school or job.
Physical symptoms listed include dry eyes, backaches, skipping meals, poor
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personal hygiene (卫生) and sleep disturbances.
People who struggle with excessive Internet use maybe depressed or have
other mood disorders, Orzack said. When she discusses Internet habits with her
patients, they often report that being online offers a
excitement [and] fun,
themselves so relaxed.
Some parts of the Internet seem to draw people in more than others. Internet
gamers spend countless hours competing in games against people from all over the
world. One such game, called World of Warcraft, is cited on many sites by posters
complaining of a
Andrew Heidrich, an education network administrator from Sacramento, plays
World of Warcraft for about two to four hours every other night, but that's nothing
compared with the 40 to 60 hours a week he spent playing online games when he
was in college. He cut back only after a full-scale family intervention (干预), in
which relatives told him he'd gained weight.

gaming, said Heidrich, now a father of two.
everything that was a constant in their lives.
discuss gaming addiction regularly
games in check.
Toebe also regularly visits a site where posters discuss Internet overuse. In
August, when she first realized she had a problem, she posted a message on a
Yahoo Internet addiction group with the subject line:
Addiction.

accomplish my work,to take care of my home, to give attention to my children,
wrote in a message sent to the group.
professional help; I can't even pay my mortgage (抵押贷款) and face losing
everything.
Since then, Toebe said, she has kept her promise to herself to cut back on her
Internet use.
said by phone last week.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 恒星英语学习网
1. What eventually made Carla Toebe realize she was spending too much time
on the Internet?
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A) The poorly managed state of her house.
B) The high financial costs adding up.
C) Fatigue resulting from lack of sleep.
D) Her daughter's repeated complaints.
2. What does the author say about excessive Internet use?
A) It has become virtually inevitable.
B) It has been somewhat exaggerated.
C) People haven't yet reached agreement on its definition.
D) People should be warned of its harmful consequences.
3. Jonathan Bishop believes that the Internet overuse problem can be solved if
people ______.
A) can reach a consensus on its definition
B) can realize what is important in life
C) try to improve the Internet environment
D) become aware of its serious consequences
4. According to Professor Maressa Orzack, Internet use would be considered
excessive if ______.
A) it seriously affected family relationships
B) one visited porn websites frequently
C) too much time was spent in chat rooms
D) people got involved in online gambling
5. According to Orzack, people who struggle with heavy reliance on the
Internet may feel ______.
A) pressured
B) puzzled
C) depressed
D) discouraged
6. Why did Andre Heidrich cut back online gaming?
A) He had offended his relatives.
B) His career had been ruined.
C) He had lost a lot of money.
D) His family had intervened.
7. Andrew Heidrich now visits websites that discuss online gaming addiction
to ______.
A) curb his desire for online gaming
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B) improve his online gaming skills
C) exchange online gaming experience
D) show how good he is at online gaming
8. In one of the messages she posted on a website, Toebe admitted that she
______.
9. Excessive Internet use had rendered Toebe so poor that she couldn't afford
to seek ______.
10. Now that she's got a boyfriend, Toebe is no longer crazy about ______.
Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long
conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked
about what was the conversation and the questions will be spoken only
once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the
four choices marked A), B),C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then
mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the
centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
11.
A) He cannot finish his assignment before the deadline.
B) He cannot get access to the assigned book.
C) He has difficulty understanding the book.
D) He has proved to be a better reader than the woman.
12.
A) She will drive the man to the supermarket.
B) The man needn't go shopping every week.
C) The man should buy a car of his own.
D) She can pick the man up at the grocery store.
13.
A) Tidy up the place.
B) Hold a party.
C) Get more food and drinks.
D) Ask his friend to come over.
14.
A) The first-round talks should start as soon as possible.
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B) He could change his schedule to meet John Smith.
C) The talks can be held any day except this Friday.
D) The woman should contact John Smith first.
15.
A) He has gone through a similar experience.
B) He understands the woman's feelings.
C) The teacher is just following the regulations.
D) The woman should have gone on the field trip.
16.
C) She is sorry the man will not come.
D) She has to invite David to the party.
B) She will ask David to talk less.
A) She will meet the man halfway.
17.
A) Many students find Prof. Johnson's lectures boring.
B) Few students understand Prof. Johnson's lectures.
C) Many students have dropped Prof. Johnson's class.
D) Few students meet Prof. Jonson's requirements.
18.
A) Study a computer program.
B) Check their computer files.
C) Assemble a computer.
D) Make some computations.
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19.
A) It allows him to make a lot of friends.
B) It requires him to work long hours.
C) It helps him understand people better.
D) It enables him to apply theory to practice.
20.
A) It requires him to do washing-up all the time.
B) It exposes him to oily smoke all day long.
C) It demands physical endurance and patience.
D) It is intellectually challenging.
21.
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A) In a hotel.
B) At a coffee shop.
C) At a laundry.
D) In a hospital.
22.
A) Knowing the needs of customers.
B) Planning everything in advance.
C) Paying attention to every detail.
D) Getting along well with colleagues.
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
23.
A) The things British children spend money on.
B) The annual inflation rate in Britain.
C) The pocket money British children get.
D) The rising cost of raising a child in Britain.
24.
A) It often rises higher than inflation.
B) It goes down during economic recession.
C) It has gone up 25% in the past decade.
D) It enables children to live better.
25.
A) Make donations when necessary.
B) Buy their own shoes and socks.
C) Save up for their future education.
D) Pay for small personal things.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each
passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be
spoken only you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from
the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
Passage One
Questions 26 to 29 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
26.
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A) Senior clerks.
B) Sales directors.
C) District managers.
D) Regular customers.
27.
A) The support provided by the regular clients.
B) The initiative shown by the sales representatives.
C) The important part played by district managers.
D) The urgency of implementing the company's plans.
28.
A) Some of them were political-minded.
B) Fifty percent of them were female.
C) Most of them were rather conservative.
D) One third of them were senior managers.
29.
A) He did not keep to the point.
B) He used too many quotations.
C) He spent too much time on details.
D) He was not gender sensitive.
Passage Two
Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
30.
A) State your problem to the head waiter.
B) Demand a discount on the dishes ordered.
C) Ask the name of the person waiting on you.
D) Ask to see the manager politely but firmly.
31.
A) You don't know if you are complaining at the right time.
B) You problem may not be understood correctly.
C) Your complaint may not reach the person in charge.
D) You can't tell how the person on the line is reacting.
32.
A) Stick to the point.
B) Provide all the details.
C) Send it by express mail.
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D) Demand a prompt response.
Passage Three
Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
33.
A) Architect.
B) City planner.
C) Engineer.
D) Fashion designer
34.
A) Work flexible hours.
B) Get a well-paid part-time job.
C) Go back to her previous post.
D) Do some volunteer work.
35.
A) It will add to the family's financial burden.
B) A baby- sitter is no replacement for a mother.
C) The children won't get along with a baby-sitter.
D) Few baby-sitters can be considered trustworthy.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the
passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.
When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks
numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks
numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For
these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down
the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third
time, you should check what you have written.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答
Almost every child, on the first day he sets foot in a school building, is smarter,
more (36)______, less afraid of what he doesn't know, better at finding and (37)
______ things out, more confident, resourceful (机敏的), persistent and (38)
______ than he will ever be again in his schooling – or, unless he is very (39)
______ and very lucky, for the rest of his life. Already, by paying close attention to
and (40) ______ with the world and people around him, and without any
school- type (41) ______ instruction, he has done a task far more difficult,
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complicated and (42)______ than anything he will be asked to do in school, or than
any of his teachers has done for years. He has solved the (43) ______ of language.
He has discovered it – babies don't even know that language exists – and (44)
___________________ _____________________________. He has done it by
exploring, by experimenting, by developing his own model of the grammar of
language, (45) ________________________________________________ until it
does work. And while he has been doing this, he has been learning other things as
well, (46) ________________________________________________, and many
that are more complicated than the ones they do try to teach him. Part IV
Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required
to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank
following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your
choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the
corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the
centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones – the kind of
high-tech, solar- paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture
magazines. But the U.S. has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be
__47__ wasteful to tear them all down and __48__ them with greener versions. An
enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those
houses. And it would take an average of 65 years for the __49__ carbon emissions
from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying
an old one. So in the broadest __50__, the greenest home is the one that has already
been built. But at the same time, nearly half of U. S. carbon emissions come from
heating, cooling and __51__ our homes, offices and other buildings.
with climate change without dealing with existing buildings,
the president of the National Trust.
With some __52__, the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient.
Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those
built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that __53__ over time and
let in more outside air.
Fortunately, there are a __54__ number of relatively simple changes that can
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green older homes, from __55__ ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar
home. And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can
help __56__ property owners from rising power costs.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A) vast
B) supplying
C) shifted
D) sense
E) replace
F) reduced
G) protect
H) powering
I) incredibly
J) historic
K) expand
L) exceptions
M) doubtful
N) clumsy
O) accommodations
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by
some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices
marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
The $$11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn
negative thoughts like
succeed.
power in positive thinking?
Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological
Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the
opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.
The study's authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo
and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing older
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research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly
positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your dim friend that he has
the potential of an Einstein, you're just underlining his faults. In one 1990s
experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked
participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. When the essayists
were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had
written.
In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students'
self-esteem. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and
feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell.
When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves,
Those with low self-esteem didn't feel better after the forced self-affirmation.
In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control
group, who weren't urged to think positive thoughts.
The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that
urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In
the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (静思)
techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger,
more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
57. What do we learn from the first paragraph about the self-help industry?
A) It was established by Norman Vincent Peale.
B) It is based on the concept of positive thinking.
C) It is a highly profitable industry.
D) It has yielded positive results.
58. What is the finding of the Canadian researchers?
A) Encouraging positive thinking many do more harm than good.
B) The power of positive thinking is limited.
C) Unhappy people cannot think positively.
D) There can be no simple therapy for psychological problems.
59. What does the author mean by
4, Para. 3)?
A) You are pointing out the errors he has committed.
B) You are not taking his mistakes seriously enough.
C) You are trying to make him feel better about his faults.
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D) You are emphasizing the fact that he is not intelligent.
60. What do we learn from the experiment of Wood, Lee and Perunovic?
A) It is important for people to continually boost their self-esteem.
B) Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem.
C) Self-affirmation can bring a positive change to one's mood.
D) People with low self-esteem seldom write down their true feelings.
61. What do we learn from the last paragraph?
A) People can avoid making mistakes through meditation.
B) Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy.
C) The effects of positive thinking vary from person to person.
D) Different people tend to have different ways of thinking. Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
You never see him, but they're with you every time you fly. They record where
you are going,how fast you're traveling and whether everything on your airplane is
functioning normally. Their ability to withstand almost any disaster makes them
seem like something out of a comic 're known as the black box.
When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to Comoros
Islands in the India ocean June 30, 2009, the black box is the best bet for identifying
what went wrong. So when a French submarine (潜水艇) detected the device's
homing signal five days later, the discovery marked a huge step toward determining
the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed.
In 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory
recorder that would track basic information like altitude and direction. That was the
first mode for a black box, which became a requirement on all U.S. commercial
flights by 1960. Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965
the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the plane – the area
least subject to impact – from its original position in the landing wells (起落架舱).
The same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were
never actually black, be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility.
Modern airplanes have two black boxes: a voice recorder, which tracks pilots'
conversations,and a flight-data recorder, which monitors fuel levels, engine noises
and other operating functions that help investigators reconstruct the aircraft's final
moments. Placed in an insulated (隔绝的) case and surrounded by a
quarter-inch-thick panels of stainless steel, the boxes can withstand massive force
and temperatures up to 2,000℉. When submerged, they're also able to emit signals
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from depths of 20,000 ft. Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447,
which crashed near Brazil on June 1,2009, are in water nearly that deep, but
statistics say they're still likely to turn up. In the approximately 20 deep-sea crashes
over the past 30 years, only one plane's black boxes were never recovered.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
62. What does the author say about the black box?
A) It is an indispensable device on an airplane.
B) Its ability to ward off disasters is incredible.
C) It ensures the normal functioning of an airplane.
D) The idea for its design comes from a comic book.
63. What information could be found from the black box on the Yemeni
airliner?
A) The scene of the crash and extent of the damage.
B) Data for analyzing the cause of the crash.
C) The total number of passengers on board.
D) Homing signals sent by the pilot before the crash.
64. Why was the black box redesigned in 1965?
A) New materials became available by that time.
B) The early models didn't provide the needed data.
C) The early models often got damaged in the crash.
D) Too much space was needed for its installation.
65. Why did the Federal Aviation Authority require the black boxes be painted
orange or yellow?
A) To distinguish them from the colour of the plane.
B) To conform to international standards.
C) To make them easily identifiable.
D) To caution people to handle them with care.
66. What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447?
A) They have stopped sending homing signals.
B) They were destroyed somewhere near Brazil.
C) There is an urgent need for them to be reconstructed.
D) There is still a good chance of their being recovered. Part V Cloze (15
minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there
are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You
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should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding
letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
The term e-commerce refers to all commercial transactions conducted over the
Internet, including transactions by consumers and business- to-business transactions.
Conceptually, e-commerce does not __67__ from well-known commercial offerings
such as banking by phone,
supplier __68__ fax.E-commerce follows the same model __69__ in other business
transactions; the difference __70__ in the details.
To a consumer, the most visible form of e-commerce consists __71__ online
ordering. A customer begins with a catalog of possible items, __72__ an item,
arranges a form of payment, and __73__ an order. Instead of a physical catalog,
e-commerce arranges for catalogs to be __74__ on the Internet. Instead of sending
an order on paper or by telephone, e-commerce arranges for orders to be sent
__75__ a computer network. Finally, instead of sending a paper representation of
payment such as a check, e-commerce __76__ one to send payment information
electronically.
In the decade __77__ 1993, e-commerce grew from an __78__ novelty (新奇
事物) to a mainstream business influence. In 1993, few __79__ had a web page,
and __80__ a handful allowed one to order products or services online. Ten years
__81__, both large and small businesses had web pages, and most __82__ users
with the opportunity to place an order. __83__, many banks added online access,
__84__ online banking and bill paying became __85__. More importantly, the
value of goods and services __86__ over the Internet grew dramatically after 1997.
67.
A) distractB) differC) descendD) derive
68.
A) viaB) offC) fromD) with
69.
A) resortedB) resortedC) servedD) appearedX
70.
A) situatesB) liesC) locatesD) roots
71.
A) onB) forC) toD) of
72.
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A) reflectsB) protectsC) detectsD) selects
73.
A) puts outB) stands forC) sends inD) carries away
74.
A) feasibleB) sensibleC) responsibleD) visible
75.
A) besideB) beyondC) overD) up
76.
A) appealsB) allowsC) advocatesD) admits
77.
A) towardB) untilC) afterD) behind
78.
A) insignificantB) optionalC) invalidD) occasional
79.
A) communitiesB) compoundsC) corpsD) corporations
80.
A) largelyB) solelyC) onlyD) slightly
81.
A) latterB) latelyC) laterD) late
82.
A) providedB) offeredC) convincedD) equipped
83.
A) InsteadB) HoweverC) NeverthelessD) Besides
84.
A) orB) thoughC) butD) and
85.
A) widespreadB) differentC) flexibleD) productive
86.
A) proceededB) adaptedC) practicedD) acquired
Part VI Translation (5 minutes)
Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese
given in write you translation on Answer Sheet 2.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，只需写出译文部分。
87. Because of the noise outside, Nancy had great difficulty
__________________ (集中注意力在实验上).
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88. The manager never laughed; neither __________________ (她也从来没
有发过脾气).
89. We look forward to __________________ (被邀请出席开幕式).
90. It is suggested that the air conditioner __________________ (要安装在窗
户旁). 91. The 16-year- old girl decided to travel abroad on her own despite
__________________ (她父母的强烈反对).














2010年12月大学英语四级考试真题
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short e
ssay entitled How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent? You sh
ould write at least 150 words following the outline given below.
1. 目前不少父母为孩子包办一切
2. 为了让孩子独立, 父母应该……
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How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent?

.

.

.
Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passa
ge quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7,
choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D].
For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in th
e passage.
A Grassroots Remedy
Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. To this end, we
walk the dog, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather th
an inside the pub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy
a weekend place in the country. The most popular leisure activity in Britain
is going for a walk. And when joggers (慢跑者) jog, they don’t run the str
eets. Every one of them instinctively heads to the park or the river. It is my
profound belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature,
whether we know we are doing so or not.
But despite this, our children are growing up nature- deprived (丧失). I s
pent my boyhood climbing trees on Streatham Common, South London. Thes
e days, children are robbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like
crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and odd new perceptions about w
hat is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than
things that can be found.
The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the US: families had m
oved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD—attention
deficit hyperactivity disorder (多动症). Those whose accommodation had mor
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e natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same i
mprovement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%.
A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play
in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than chi
ldren used only to a normal playground. A US study suggested that when a
school gave children access to a natural environment, academic levels were
raised across the entire school.
Another study found that children play differently in a natural environm
ent. In playgrounds, children create a hierarchy (等级) based on physical abil
ities, with the tough ones taking the lead. But when a grassy area was plant
ed with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social
hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativity.
Most bullying (恃强凌弱) is found in schools where there is a tarmac
(柏油碎石) playground; the least bullying is in a natural area that the childre
n are encouraged to explore. This reminds me unpleasantly of Sunnyhill Sch
ool in Streatham, with its harsh tarmac, where I used to hang about in corn
ers fantasising about wildlife.
But children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural s
paces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or tha
t they might cause damage. So, instead, the damage is done to the children
themselves: not to their bodies but to their souls.
One of the great problems of modern childhood is ADHD, now increasi
ngly and expensively treated with drugs. Yet one study after another indicate
s that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children. However,
we spend money on drugs rather than on green places.
The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to n
ature. The increasing emphasis for the growing population of old people is i
n quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a ga
rden is the single most important thing in finding that quality.
In wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate t
hat natural surroundings improve all kinds of things. Even problems with cri
me and aggressive behaviour are reduced when there is contact with the natu
ral world.
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Dr William Bird, researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection o
f Birds, states in his study, “A natural environment can reduce violent behav
iour because its restorative process helps reduce anger and impulsive behavio
ur.” Wild places need encouraging for this reason, no matter how small their
contribution.
We tend to look on nature conservation as some kind of favour that hu
man beings are granting to the natural world. The error here is far too deep:
not only do humans need nature for themselves, but the very idea that hum
anity and the natural world are separable things is profoundly damaging.
Human beings are a species of mammals (哺乳动物). For seven million
years they lived on the planet as part of nature. Our ancestral selves miss t
he natural world and long for contact with non-human life. Anyone who has
patted a dog, stroked a cat, sat under a tree with a pint of beer, given or
received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk through the park on a nice d
ay, understands that.
We need the wild world. It is essential to our well- being, our health, o
ur happiness. Without the wild world we are not more but less civilised. Wi
thout other living things around us we are less than human.
Five ways to find harmony with the natural world
Walk: Break the rhythm of permanently being under a roof. Get off a s
top earlier, make a circuit of the park at lunchtime, walk the child to and fr
om school, get a dog, feel yourself moving in moving air, look, listen, absor
b.
Sit: Take a moment, every now and then, to be still in an open space.
In the garden, anywhere that’s not in the office, anywhere out of the house,
away from the routine. Sit under a tree, look at water, feel refreshed, ever
so slightly renewed.
Drink: The best way to enjoy the natural world is by yourself; the seco
nd best way is in company. Take a drink outside with a good person, a goo
d gathering: talk with the sun and the wind with birdsong for background.
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Learn: Expand your boundaries. Learn five species of bird, five butterfli
es, five trees, five bird songs. That way, you see and hear more: and your
mind responds gratefully to the greater amount of wildness in your life.
Travel: The places you always wanted to visit: by the seaside, in the co
untry, in the hills. Take a weekend break, a day-trip, get out there and do it:
for the scenery, for the way through the woods, for the birds, for the bees.
Go somewhere special and bring specialness home. It lasts forever, after all.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
1. What is the author’s profound belief?
[A] People instinctively seek nature in different ways.
[B] People should spend most of their lives in the wild.
[C] People have quite different perceptions of nature.
[D] People must make more efforts to study nature.
2. What does the author say people prefer for their children nowadays?
[A] Personal freedom.
[B] Things that are natural.
[C] Urban surroundings.
[D] Things that are purchased.
3. What does a study in Sweden show?
[A] The natural environment can help children learn better.
[B] More access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill.
[C] A good playground helps kids develop their physical abilities.
[D] Natural views can prevent children from developing ADHD.
4. Children who have chances to explore natural areas ________.
[A] tend to develop a strong love for science
[B] are more likely to fantasise about wildlife
[C] tend to be physically tougher in adulthood
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[D] are less likely to be involved in bullying
5. What does the author suggest we do to help children with ADHD?
[A] Find more effective drugs for them.
[B] Provide more green spaces for them.
[C] Place them under more personal care.
[D] Engage them in more meaningful activities.
6. In what way do elderly people benefit from their contact with natur
e?
[A] They look on life optimistically. [C] They are able to live longer.
[B] They enjoy a life of better quality. [D] They become good-humoure
d.
7. Dr William Bird suggests in his study that ________.
[A] humanity and nature are complementary to each other
[B] wild places may induce impulsive behaviour in people
[C] access to nature contributes to the reduction of violence
[D] it takes a long time to restore nature once damaged
8. It is extremely harmful to think that humanity and the natural world
can be________________________.
9. The author believes that we would not be so civilised without _____
___________________.
10. The five suggestions the author gives at the end of the passage are
meant to encourage people to seek _________________ with the natural worl
d.
Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 lo
ng conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions wi
ll be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions wi
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ll be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During th
e pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and
decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Ans
wer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
11. [A] The man should visit the museums. [C] The beach resort is a g
ood choice.
[B] She can’t stand the hot weather. [D] She enjoys staying in Was
hington.
12. [A] Her new responsibilities in the company.
[B] What her job prospects are.
[C] What the customers’ feedback is.
[D] The director’s opinion of her work.
13. [A] Combine her training with dieting.
[B] Repeat the training every three days.
[C] Avoid excessive physical training.
[D] Include weightlifting in the program.
14. [A] When she will return home.
[B] Whether she can go by herself.
[C] Whether she can travel by air.
[D] When she will completely recover.
15. [A] The woman knows how to deal with the police.
[B] The woman had been fined many times before.
[C] The woman had violated traffic regulations.
[D] The woman is good at finding excuses.
16. [A] Switch off the refrigerator for a while.
[B] Have someone repair the refrigerator.
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[C] Ask the man to fix the refrigerator.
[D] Buy a refrigerator of better quality.
17. [A] He owns a piece of land in the downtown area.
[B] He has got enough money to buy a house.
[C] He can finally do what he has dreamed of.
[D] He is moving into a bigger apartment.
18. [A] She is black and blue all over.
[B] She has to go to see a doctor.
[C] She stayed away from work for a few days.
[D] She got hurt in an accident yesterday.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19. [A] She was a bank manager.
[B] She was a victim of the robbery.
[C] She was a defence lawyer.
[D] She was a witness to the crime.
20. [A] A tall man with dark hair and a moustache.
[B] A youth with a distinguishing mark on his face.
[C] A thirty-year-old guy wearing a light sweater.
[D] A medium-sized young man carrying a gun.
21. [A] Identify the suspect from pictures. [C] Have her photo taken for
their files.
[B] Go upstairs to sign some document. [D] Verify the record of what
she had said.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
22. [A] By reading a newspaper ad. [C] By listening to the morning ne
ws.
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[B] By seeing a commercial on TV. [D] By calling an employment serv
ice.
23. [A] She could improve her foreign languages.
[B] She could work close to her family.
[C] She could travel overseas frequently.
[D] She could use her previous experiences.
24. [A] Taking management courses. [C] Working as a secretary.
[B] Teaching English at a university. [D] Studying for a degree in Fren
ch.
25. [A] Prepare for an interview in a couple of days.
[B] Read the advertisement again for more details.
[C] Send in a written application as soon as possible.
[D] Get to know the candidates on the short list.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end o
f each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the ques
tions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose
the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Then
mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through
the centre.
注意： 此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
Passage One
Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.
26. [A] They cannot see the firefighters because of the smoke.
[B] They do not realize the danger they are in.
[C] They cannot hear the firefighters for the noise.
[D] They mistake the firefighters for monsters.
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27. [A] He travels all over America to help put out fires.
[B] He often teaches children what to do during a fire.
[C] He teaches Spanish in a San Francisco community.
[D] He provides oxygen masks to children free of charge.
28. [A] He saved the life of his brother choking on food.
[B] He rescued a student from a big fire.
[C] He is very good at public speaking.
[D] He gives informative talks to young children.
29. [A] Firefighters play an important role in America.
[B] Kids should learn not to be afraid of monsters.
[C] Carelessness can result in tragedies.
[D] Informative speeches can save lives.
Passage Two
Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
30. [A] To satisfy the needs of their family.
[B] To fully realize their potential.
[C] To make money for early retirement.
[D] To gain a sense of their personal worth.
31. [A] They may have to continue to work in old age.
[B] They may regret the time they wasted.
[C] They may have nobody to depend on in the future.
[D] They may have fewer job opportunities.
32. [A] Making wise use of your time.
[B] Enjoying yourself while you can.
[C] Saving as much as you can.
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[D] Working hard and playing hard.
Passage Three
Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
33. [A] Hardworking students being accused of cheating.
[B] Boy students being often treated as law- breakers.
[C] Innocent people being suspected groundlessly.
[D] Junior employees being made to work overtime.
34. [A] Forbidding students to take food out of the restaurant.
[B] Requesting customers to pay before taking the food.
[C] Asking customers to leave their bags on the counters.
[D] Allowing only two students to enter at a time.
35. [A] He was taken to the manager. [C] He was asked to leave.
[B] He was closely watched. [D] He was overcharged.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When th
e passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its genera
l idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fil
l in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just
heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the
missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words yo
u have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally,
when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you ha
ve written.
注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上作答。
Writing keeps us in touch with other people. We write to communicate
with relatives and friends. We write to (36) _____________ our family histo
ries so our children and grandchildren can learn and (37) _____________thei
r heritage (传统). With computers and Internet connections in so many (38)
_____________, colleges, business, people e-mailing friends and relatives all
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the time—or talking to them in writing in online (39) _____________ rooms.
It is cheaper than calling long distance, and a lot more (40) ____________
_ than waiting until Sunday for the telephone (41) _____________ to drop.
Students are e-mailing their professors to (42) _____________ and discuss th
eir classroom assignments and to (43) _____________ them. They are e-mail
ing classmates to discuss and collaborate (合作) on homework. (44) _______
________________________ ___________________________.
Despite the growing importance of computers, however, there will alway
s be a place and need for the personal letter. (45) ______________________
__ ____________________________. No matter what the content of the messa
ge, its real point is, “I want you to know that I care about you.” (46) ____
______________________________________________ __________________, b
ut only in the success of human relationships.
Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are r
equired to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a
word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before
making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Pleas
e mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a sin
gle line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank
more than once.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you m
ore or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenc
ed by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were
47 . The study of how genes and environment interact to influence 48 acti
vity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important
49 to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to w
hich biology influences mind, brain and behavior.
Any research that suggests that 50 to perform certain behaviors are base
d in biology is controversial. Who wants to be told that there are limitations
to what you can 51 based on something that is beyond your control, such
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as your genes? It is easy to accept that genes control physical characteristics
such as sex, race and eye color. But can genes also determine whether peo
ple will get divorced, how 52 they are, or what career they are likely to ch
oose? A concern of psychological scientists is the 53 to which all of these c
haracteristics are influenced by nature and nurture(养育), by genetic makeup
and the environment. Increasingly, science 54 that genes lay the groundwork
for many human traits. From this perspective, people are born 55 like undev
eloped photographs: The image is already captured, but the way it 56 appear
s can vary based on the development process. However, the basic picture is
there from the beginning.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
[A] abilities [I] extent
[B] achieve [J] indicates
[C] appeal [K] proceeds
[D] complaints [L] psychological
[E] contributions [M] raised
[F] displayed [N] smart
[G] essentially [O] standard
[H] eventually
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followe
d by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are fo
ur choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best ch
oice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line
through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
It is pretty much a one- way street. While it may be common for univer
sity researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little
traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent,
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as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary whe
n moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the att
ractions of academia (学术界) outweigh any financial considerations.
Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior po
st in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Camb
ridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take adv
antage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. Some areas of in
quiry have few prospects of a commercial return, and Lee’s is one of them.
The impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the
early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilev
er Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent tw
o years working for a pharmaceutical (制药的) company before returning to
university as a post-doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it
worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.
Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the d
emand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing univer
sities to make the transition (转换) to academia more attractive, according to
Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, suc
h as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate co
ntracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching s
ide of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate,
says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product developm
ent. “Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic c
areer. So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to w
ork in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someo
ne who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.”
注意： 此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
57. By “a one-way street” (Line 1, Para. 1), the author means _______
_.
[A] university researchers know little about the commercial world
[B] there is little exchange between industry and academia
[C] few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university
47 122

[D] few university professors are willing to do industrial research
58. The word “deterrent” (Line 2, Para. 1) most probably refers to som
ething that ________.
[A] keeps someone from taking action [C] attracts people’s attention
[B] helps to move the traffic [D] brings someone a financial burden
59. What was Helen Lee’s major consideration when she changed her jo
b in the middle of her career?
[A] Flexible work hours. [C] Her preference for the lifestyle on campus.
[B] Her research interests. [D] Prospects of academic accomplishments.
60. Guy Grant chose to work as a researcher at Cambridge in order to
________.
[A] do financially more rewarding work
[B] raise his status in the academic world
[C] enrich his experience in medical research
[D] exploit better intellectual opportunities
61. What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to
teach in a university?
[A] Increase its graduates’ competitiveness in the job market.
[B] Develop its students’ potential in research.
[C] Help it to obtain financial support from industry.
[D] Gear its research towards practical applications.
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. Relatio
nships with family, friends, neighbours, even pets, will all do the trick, but t
he biggest longevity (长寿) boost seems to come from marriage or an equiv
alent relationship. The effect was first noted in 1858 by William Farr, who
wrote that widows and widowers (鳏夫) were at a much higher risk of dyin
48 122

g than their married peers. Studies since then suggest that marriage could ad
d as much as seven years to a man’s life and two to a woman’s. The effect
holds for all causes of death, whether illness, accident or self-harm.
Even if the odds are stacked against you, marriage can more than comp
ensate. Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married o
lder man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than
an unmarried man with a healthy heart. Likewise, a married man who smo
kes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man wh
o doesn’t smoke. There’s a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to
become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouse’s death, and
caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the s
ame severe problems. Even so, the odds favour marriage. In a 30-year study
of more than 10,000 people, Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School
describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.
So how does it work? The effects are complex, affected by socio-econo
mic factors, health-service provision, emotional support and other more physi
ological (生理的) mechanisms. For example, social contact can boost develop
ment of the brain and immune system, leading to better health and less chan
ce of depression later in life. People in supportive relationships may handle
stress better. Then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partne
r.
A life partner, children and good friends are all recommended if you ai
m to live to 100. The ultimate social network is still being mapped out, but
Christakis says: “People are interconnected, so their health is interconnecte
d.”
注意： 此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
62. William Farr’s study and other studies show that _________.
[A] social life provides an effective cure for illness
[B] being sociable helps improve one’s quality of life
[C] women benefit more than men from marriage
[D] marriage contributes a great deal to longevity
49 122

63. Linda Waite’s studies support the idea that _________.
[A] older men should quit smoking to stay healthy
[B] marriage can help make up for ill health
[C] the married are happier than the unmarried
[D] unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life
64. It can be inferred from the context that the “flip side” (Line 4, Par
a. 2) refers to _________.
[A] the disadvantages of being married
[B] the emotional problems arising from marriage
[C] the responsibility of taking care of one’s family
[D] the consequence of a broken marriage
65. What does the author say about social networks?
[A] They have effects similar to those of a marriage.
[B] They help develop people’s community spirit.
[C] They provide timely support for those in need.
[D] They help relieve people of their life’s burdens.
66. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
[A] It’s important that we develop a social network when young.
[B] To stay healthy, one should have a proper social network.
[C] Getting a divorce means risking a reduced life span.
[D] We should share our social networks with each other.
Part Ⅴ Cloze (15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blan
k there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] on the right side of t
he paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then
mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through
the centre.
50 122

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
Over half the world’s people now live in cities. The latest “Global Rep
ort on Human Settlements” says a significant change took place last year. T
he report 67 this week from U.N. Habitat, a United Nations agency.
A century ago, 68 than five percent of all people lived in cities. 69 the
middle of this century it could be seventy percent, or 70 six and a half bil
lion people.
Already three-fourths of people in 71 countries live in cities. Now most
urban population 72 is in the developing world.
Urbanization can 73 to social and economic progress, but also put 74 o
n cities to provide housing and 75 . The new report says almost two hundre
d thousand people move 76 cities and towns each day. It says worsening ine
qualities, 77 by social divisions and differences in 78 , could result in violen
ce and crime 79 cities plan better.
Another issue is urban sprawl (无序扩展的城区). This is where cities 8
0 quickly into rural areas, sometimes 81 a much faster rate than urban popul
ation growth.
Sprawl is 82 in the United States. Americans move a lot. In a recent st
udy, Art Hall at the University of Kansas found that people are moving awa
y from the 83 cities to smaller ones. He sees a 84 toward “de-urbanization”
across the nation.
85 urban economies still provide many 86 that rural areas do not.
67. [A] came on [C] came over
[B] came off [D] came out
68. [A] more [C] less
[B] other [D] rather
69. [A] By [C] Along
[B] Through [D] To
70. [A] really [C] ever
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[B] barely [D] almost
71. [A] flourishing [C] thriving
[B] developed [D] fertile
72. [A] extension [C] raise
[B] addition [D] growth
73. [A] keep [C] lead
[B] turn [D] refer
74. [A] pressure [C] restraint
[B] load [D] weight
75. [A] surroundings [C] concerns
[B] communities [D] services
76. [A] onto [C] around
[B] into [D] upon
77. [A] pulled [C] drawn
[B] driven [D] pressed
78. [A] situation [C] treasure
[B] wealth [D] category
79. [A] when [C] unless
[B] if [D] whereas
80. [A] expand [C] invade
[B] split [D] enlarge
81. [A] in [C] with
[B] beyond [D] at
82. [A] common [C] ordinary
[B] conventional [D] frequent
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83. [A] essential [C] primitive
[B] prior [D] major
84. [A] trend [C] direction
[B] style [D] path
85. [A] Then [C] For
[B] But [D] While
86. [A] abilities [C] possibilities
[B] qualities [D] realities
Part VI Translation (5 minutes)
Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chines
e given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.
注意： 此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，只需写出译文部分。
87. _____ __________________________________________________ _(为
了确保他参加会议), I called him up in advance.
88. The magnificent museum _______________________ ______________
___(据说建成于) about a hundred years ago.
89. There would be no life on earth ___ ___________________________
_____________(没有地球独 特的环境).
90. ___________________________________(给游客印象最深的) was the
friendliness and warmth of the local people.
91. They requested that ____________ ______________________________
(我借的书还回图书馆) by next Friday.





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2011年6月大学英语四级真题

Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the
topic of Online Shopping. You should write at least 120 words
following the outline given below:
1．现在网上购物已成为一种时尚
2．网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题
3．我的建议
Online Shopping
注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。


Part II
minutes)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and
answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the
best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For
questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the
passage.
British Cuisine: the Best of Old and New
British cuisine (
烹饪
) has come of age in recent years as chefs (
厨师
) combine the
best of old and new.
Why does British food have a reputation for being so bad? Because it is bad! Those
are not the most encouraging words to hear just before eating lunch at one of Hong
Kong's smartest British restaurants, Alfie's by KEE, but head chef Neil Tomes has
more to say.
54 122
Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15

England,
ingredients, preparation and cooking methods, and more appealing presentation. Chefs
such as Delia Smith, Nigel Slater, Jamie Oliver and Gordon Ramsay made the public
realise that cooking - and eating - didn't have to be a boring thing. And now, most of
the British public is familiar even with the extremes of Heston BlumenthaPs
molecular gastronomy, a form of cooking that employs scientific methods to create the
perfect dish.

he knows about food,
There was plenty of room for improvement. The problems with the nation's
cuisine can be traced back to the Second World War. Before the War, much of Britain's
food was imported and when German U-boats began attacking ships bringing food to
the country, Britain went on rations (配给).

mass-produce food,
quantity of food in their kitchens.
They weren't looking for cured meats, organic produce or beautiful presentation;
they were looking for whatever they could get their hands on, and this prioritisation of
quantity over quality prevailed for decades, meaning a generation was brought up with
food that couldn't compete with neighbouring France, Italy, Belgium or Spain.
Before star chefs such as Oliver began making cooking fashionable, it was hard
to find a restaurant in London that was open after 9pm. But in recent years the
capital's culinary (烹饪的) scene has developed to the point that it is now confident
of its ability to please the tastes of any international visitor.
With the opening of Alfie's in April, and others such as The Pawn, two years ago,
modern British food has made its way to Hong Kong.
Hong Kong restaurants are keeping up,
chef at The Pawn in Wan Chai.
ideas or presentations, which is good news for new dishes.
Chefs agree that diners in Hong Kong are embracing the modern British trend.
Some restaurants are modifying the recipes (菜谱) of British dishes to breathe new life
into the classics, while others are using better quality ingredients but remaining true to
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British traditions and tastes.
Tamlyn is in the second camp.
beef, New Zealand lamb and for our custards (牛奶蛋糊) we use Bird's Custard
Powder,
and cream, but British custard is different, and we stay true to that.
Matthew Hill, senior manager at the two-year-old SoHo restaurant Yorkshire
Pudding, also uses better ingredients as a means of improving dishes.
of existing perceptions about British food and so we can't alter these too much. We're
a traditional British restaurant so there are some staples (主菜) that will remain
essentially unchanged.
These traditional dishes include fish and chips, steak and kidney pie and large pieces
of roasted meats. At Alfie's, the newest of the British restaurants in town and perhaps
the most gentlemen's club-like in design, Neil Tomes explains his passion for
provenance (原产地).
producing. It has excellent organic farms, beautifully crafted cheeses, high-quality
meats.
However, the British don't have a history of exporting their foodstuffs, which makes
it difficult for restaurants in Hong Kong to source authentic ingredients.


our vegetables from the local markets, and there are a lot that work well with
British staples.
The Phoenix, in Mid- Levels, offers the widest interpretation of
while still trying to maintain its soul. The gastro-pub has existed in various locations
in Hong Kong since 2002. Singaporean head chef Tommy Teh Kum Chai offers daily
specials on a blackboard, rather than sticking to a menu. This enables him to reinterpret
British cuisine depending on what is available in the local markets.

are presented in a British way. Bell peppers stuffed with couscous, alongside ratatouille,
is a very popular dish.
Although the ingredients may not strike diners as being traditional, they can be found
in dishes across Britain.
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Even the traditional chefs are aware of the need to adapt to local tastes and
customs, while maintaining the Britishness of their cuisine.
At Yorkshire Pudding, Hill says that his staff asks diners whether they would like to
share their meals. Small dishes, shared meals and
commonly done in Britain, but Yorkshire Pudding will bring full dishes to the table and
offer individual plates for each diner.
dishes as they were designed, but can carve them up however they like,
This practice is also popular at The Pawn, although largely for rotisseries (烤肉馆),
Tamlyn says.
shoulder of lamb or a baby pig, and just stay for hours enjoying everything we bring
out for them.
Some British traditions are too sacred (神圣的) to mess with, however, Tomes
says.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
1.
What is British food generally known for?
A) Its unique flavour.
B) Its bad taste.
C) Its special cooking methods.
D) Its organic ingredients.
2. ___________________________ The Second World War led to
in Britain.
A)
B)
an inadequate supply of food
a decrease of grain production
C) an increase in food import
D) a change in people's eating habits
3. Why couldn't Britain compete with some of its neighbouring countries in terms
of food in the post-war decades?
A) Its food lacked variety.
B) Its people cared more for quantity.
ingredients.
4. With culinary improvement in recent years, London's restaurants are now able
to appeal to the tastes of .
C) It was short of well-trained chefs.
D) It didn't have flavourful food
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A) most young people
B) elderly British diners
5.
C) all kinds of overseas visitors
D) upper-class customers
What do Hong Kong diners welcome, according to Welsh executive chef David
Tamlyn?
A) Authentic classic cuisine.
B) Locally produced ingredients.
6.
While using quality ingredients, David Tamlyn insists that the dishes should .
A) benefit people's health
B) look beautiful and inviting
7.
Why does Neil Tomes say he loves food ingredients from Britain?
A) They appeal to people from all over the world.
B) They are produced on excellent organic farms.
C) They are processed in a scientific way.
D) They come in a great variety.
8. Tamlyn says that besides importing ingredients from Britain once a week, his
restaurant also buys vegetables from _______.
9. The Phoenix in Mid-Levels may not use British ingredients, but presents its
dishes ______.
10. Yorkshire Pudding is a restaurant which will bring full dishes to the table but
offer plates to those diners who would like to _______.


Part III
Section A
Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)
C) be offered at reasonable prices
D) maintain British traditional tastes
C) New ideas and presentations.
D) The return of home-style dishes.
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Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and2 long
conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions
will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the
questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a
pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B),
C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the
centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
11.
A) He is careless about his appearance.
B) He is ashamed of his present condition.
C) He changes jobs frequently.
D) He shaves every other day.
12.
A) Jane may be caught in a traffic jam.
B) Jane should have started a little earlier.
C) He knows what sort of person Jane is.
D) He is irritated at having to wait for Jane.
13.
A) Training for the Mid-Atlantic Championships.
B) Making preparations for a trans-Atlantic trip.
C) Collecting information about baseball games.
D) Analyzing their rivals' on-field performance.
14.
A) He had a narrow escape in a car accident.
B) He is hospitalized for a serious injury.
C) He lost his mother two weeks ago.
D) He has been having a hard time.
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15.
A) The woman has known the speaker for a long time.
B) The man had difficulty understanding the lecture.
C) The man is making a fuss about nothing.
D) The woman thinks highly of the speaker.
16.
A) He has difficulty making sense of logic.
B) Statistics and logic are both challenging subjects.
C) The woman should seek help from the tutoring service.
D) Tutoring services are very popular with students.
17.
C) Jill wore the overcoat last week.
B) Jill missed her class last week.
18. A) A computer game.
B) An imaginary situation.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19. A) Beautiful scenery in the countryside. C) Pain and pleasure in sports.
B) Dangers of cross-country skiing. D) A sport he participates in.
D) She is in the same class as the man.
C) An exciting experience.
D) A vacation by the sea.
A) Her overcoat is as stylish as Jill's.
20. A) He can't find good examples to illustrate his point.
B) He can't find a peaceful place to do the assignment.
C) He doesn't know how to describe the beautiful country scenery.
D) He can't decide whether to include the effort part of skiing.
21.
A) New ideas come up as you write.
B) Much time is spent on collecting data.
C) A lot of effort is made in vain.
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D) The writer's point of view often changes.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
22.
A) Journalist of a local newspaper.
B) Director of evening radio programs.
C) Producer of television commercials.
D) Hostess of the weekly
23.
A) He ran three restaurants with his wife's help.
B) He and his wife did everything by themselves.
C) He worked both as a cook and a waiter.
D) He hired a cook and two local waitresses.
24.
A) He hardly needs to do any advertising nowadays.
B) He advertises a lot on radio and in newspapers.
C) He spends huge sums on TV commercials every year.
D) He hires children to distribute ads in shopping centers.
25. A) The restaurant location.
B) The restaurant atmosphere.

Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage,
you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be
spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best
answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the
centre.
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C) The food variety.
D) The food price.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
Passage One
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
26. A) Its protection is often neglected by children. B) It cannot be fully restored
once damaged.
C) There are many false notions about it. D) There are various ways to protect it.
27. A) It may make the wearer feel tired.
B) It will gradually weaken the eyes of adults.
C) It can lead to the loss of vision in children.
D) It can permanently change the eye structure.
28. A) It can never be done even with high technology.
B) It is the best way to restore damaged eyesight.
C) It is a major achievement in eye surgery.
D) It can only be partly accomplished now.

Passage Two
Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.
29.

A)

They think they should follow the current trend.
B) Nursing homes are well-equipped and convenient.
C) Adult day-care centers are easily accessible.
D) They have jobs and other commitments.
30.

A)

They don't want to use up all their life savings.
B) They fear they will regret it afterwards.
C) They would like to spend more time with them.
D) They don't want to see their husbands poorly treated.
31. A) Provide professional standard care.
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B) Be affectionate and cooperative.

Passage Three
C) Be frank and seek help from others.
D) Make full use of community facilities.
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
32. A) Health and safety conditions in the workplace.
B) Rights and responsibilities of company employees.
C) Common complaints made by office workers.
D) Conflicts between labor and management.
33. A) Replace its out-dated equipment.
B) Improve the welfare of affected workers.
C) Follow government regulations strictly.
D) Provide extra health compensation.
34.
A) They requested to transfer to a safer department.
B) They quit work to protect their unborn babies.
C) They sought help from union representatives.
D) They wanted to work shorter hours.
35.
A) To show how they love winter sports.
B) To attract the attention from the media.
C) To protest against the poor working conditions.
D) To protect themselves against the cold weather.

Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage
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is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.
When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in
the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just
heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in
the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact
words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own
words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should
check what you have written.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
Contrary to the old warning that time waits for no one, time slows down when
you are on the move. It also slows down more as you move faster, which means
astronauts (宇航员) someday may (36) _____ so long in space that they would
return to an Earth of the (37) _____ future. If you could move at the speed of light,
your time would stand still. If you could move faster than light, your time would
move (38) _____.
Although no form of matter yet (39) _____ moves as fast as or faster than
light, (40) _____ experiments have already confirmed that accelerated (41) _____
causes a traveler's time to be stretched. Albert Einstein (42) _____ this in 1905,
when he (43) _____ the concept of relative time as part of his Special Theory of
Relativity. A search is now under way to confirm the suspected existence of
particles of matter (44) ____________________________________.
An obsession (沉迷) with time – saving, gaining, wasting, losing, and
mastering it – (45) ____________________________________. Humanity also
has been obsessed with trying to capture the meaning of time. Einstein (46)
____________________________________. Thus, time and time's relativity are
measurable by any hourglass, alarm clock, or an atomic clock that can measure a
billionth of a second.


Part IV
minutes)
Section A
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Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to
select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank
following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making
your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark
the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single
line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank
more than once.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
The popular notion that older people need less sleep than younger adults is a
myth, scientists said yesterday.
While elderly people __47__ to sleep for fewer hours than they did when they
were younger, this has a(n) __48__ effect on their brain's performance and they would
benefit from getting more, according to research.
Sean Drummond, a. psychiatrist (心理医生) at the University of California,
San Diego, said older people are more likely to suffer from broken sleep, while
younger people are better at sleeping __49__ straight through the night.
More sleep in old age, however, is __50__ with better health, and most older
people would feel better and more __51__ if they slept for longer periods, he said.
“The ability to sleep in one chunk (整块时间) overnight goes down as we age but
the amount of sleep we need to __52__ well does not change,” Dr Drummond told the
American Association for the Advancement of Science conference in San Diego.
“It's __53__ a myth that older people need less sleep. The more healthy an older
adult is, the more they sleep like they did when they were __54__. Our data suggests
that older adults would benefit from __55__ to get as much sleep as they did in their
30s. That's __56__ from person to person, but the amount of sleep we had at 35 is
probably the same amount as we need at 75.”
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A) alert
B) associated
C) attracting
D) cling
E) continuing
F) definitely
I) formally
J) function
K) mixed
L) negative
M) sufficient
N) tend
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G) different

Section B
O) younger
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some
questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four
choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice
and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single
line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
Several recent studies have found that being randomly (随机地) assigned to a
roommate of another race can lead to increased tolerance but also to a greater
likelihood (可能性) of conflict.
Recent reports found that lodging with a student of a different race may
decrease prejudice and compel students to engage in more ethnically diverse
friendships.
An Ohio State University study also found that black students living with a
white roommate saw higher academic success throughout their college careers.
Researchers believe this may be caused by social pressure.
In a New York Times article, Sam Boakye – the only black student on his
freshman year floor -said that
to prove.
Researchers also observed problems resulting from pairing interracial students in
residences.
According to two recent studies, randomly assigned roommates of different
races are more likely to experience conflicts so strained that one roommate will
move out.
An Indiana University study found that interracial roommates were three times
as likely as two white roommates to no longer live together by the end of the
semester.
66 122

Grace Kao, a professor at Penn said she was not surprised by the findings.

with someone of a different race,
At Penn, students are not asked to indicate race when applying for housing.

the process throws you together randomly,
chairman Alec Webley.

both broken down stereotypes and reinforced stereotypes,
advisor (RA). The RA of two years added that while some conflicts
more multicultural acceptance and melding (融合),
cultural confrontations.
The RA said that these conflicts have also occurred among roommates of the
same race.
Kao said she cautions against forming any generalizations based on any one of
the studies, noting that more background characteristics of the students need to be
studied and explained.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
57. What can we learn from some recent studies?
A) Conflicts between students of different races are unavoidable.
B) Students of different races are prejudiced against each other.
C) Interracial lodging does more harm than good.
D) Interracial lodging may have diverse outcomes.
58. What does Sam Boakye's remark mean?
A) White students tend to look down upon their black peers.
B) Black students can compete with their white peers academically.
C) Black students feel somewhat embarrassed among white peers during the
freshman year.
D) Being surrounded by white peers motivates a black student to work harder to
67 122

succeed.
59. What does the Indiana University study show?
A) Interracial roommates are more likely to fall out.
B) Few white students like sharing a room with a black peer.
C) Roommates of different races just don't get along.
D) Assigning students' lodging randomly is not a good policy.
60. What does Alec Webley consider to be the
A) Students of different races are required to share a room.
B) Interracial lodging is arranged by the school for freshmen.
C) Lodging is assigned to students of different races without exception.
D) The school randomly assigns roommates without regard to race.
61. What does Grace Kao say about interracial lodging?
A) It is unscientific to make generalizations about it without further study.
B) Schools should be cautious when making decisions about student lodging.
C) Students' racial background should be considered before lodging is assigned.
D) Experienced resident advisors should be assigned to handle the problems.

Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
Global warming is causing more than 300,000 deaths and about $$125 billion
in economic losses each year, according to a report by the Global Humanitarian
Forum, an organization led by Annan, the former United Nations secretary general.
The report, to be released Friday, analyzed data and existing studies of health,
disaster, population and economic trends. It found that human-influenced climate
change was raising the global death rates from illnesses including malnutrition (营
养不良) and heat-related health problems.
But even before its release, the report drew criticism from some experts on
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climate and risk, who questioned its methods and conclusions.
Along with the deaths, the report said that the lives of 325 million people,
primarily in poor countries, were being seriously affected by climate change. It
projected that the number would double by 2030.
Roger Pielke Jr., a political scientist at the University of Colorado, Boulder,
who studies disaster trends, said the Forum's report was
embarrassment
losses related to human-driven global warming amid the much larger losses
resulting from the growth in populations and economic development in vulnerable
(易受伤害的) regions. Dr. Pielke said that “climate change is an important
problem requiring our utmost attention.” But the report, he said,
cause for action on both climate change and disasters because it is so deeply flawed
(有瑕疵的).
However, Soren Andreasen, a social scientist at Dalberg Global Development
Partners who supervised the writing of the report, defended it, saying that it was
clear that the numbers were rough estimates. He said the report was aimed at world
leaders, who will meet in Copenhagen in December to negotiate a new international
climate treaty.
In a press release describing the report, Mr. Annan stressed the need for the
negotiations to focus on increasing the flow of money from rich to poor regions to
help reduce their vulnerability to climate hazards while still curbing the emissions of
the heat-trapping gases. More than 90% of the human and economic losses from
climate change are occurring in poor countries, according to the report.
62.
What is the finding of the Global Humanitarian Forum?
A) Global temperatures affect the rate of economic development.
B) Rates of death from illnesses have risen due to global warming.
C) Malnutrition has caused serious health problems in poor countries.
D) Economic trends have to do with population and natural disasters.
63.
What do we learn about the Forum's report from the passage?
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A) It was challenged by some climate and risk experts.
B) It aroused a lot of interest in the scientific circles.
C) It was warmly received by environmentalists.
D) It caused a big stir in developing countries.
64.
What does Dr. Pielke say about the Forum's report?
A) Its statistics look embarrassing. C) It deserves our closest attention.
B) It is invalid in terms of methodology. D) Its conclusion is purposely exaggerated.
65.
What is Soren Andreasen's view of the report?
A) Its conclusions are based on carefully collected data.
B) It is vulnerable to criticism if the statistics are closely examined.
C) It will give rise to heated discussions at the Copenhagen conference.
D) Its rough estimates are meant to draw the attention of world leaders.
66.
What does Kofi Annan say should be the focus of the Copenhagen conference?
A) How rich and poor regions can share responsibility in curbing global warming.
B) How human and economic losses from climate change can be reduced.
C) How emissions of heat-trapping gases can be reduced on a global scale.
D) How rich countries can better help poor regions reduce climate hazards.


Part V Cloze (15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are
four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper.
You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark
the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through
70 122

the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
When it comes to eating smart for your heart, thinking about short-term fixes
and simplify life with a straightforward approach that will serve you well for years
to come.
Smart eating goes beyond analyzing every bite ad you lift __67__ your mouth.
nutrients (营养
物) were the __69__ to good health,
Association's Nutrition Committee.
healthy eating and the kinds of food necessary to __71__ not only heart disease but
disease __72__ general,
Scientists now __73__ on the broader picture of the balance of food eaten
__74__ several days or a week __75__ than on the number of milligrams (毫克) of
this or that __76__ at each meal.
Fruits, vegetables and whole grains, for example, provide nutrients and
plant-based compounds __77__ for good health. “The more we learn, the more
__78__ we are by the wealth of essential substances they __79__,an Horn
continues,
You'll automatically be __81__ the right heart-healthy track if vegetables, fruits
and whole grains make __82__ three quarters of the food on your dinner plate.
__83__ in the remaining one quarter with lean meat or chicken, fish or eggs.
The foods you choose to eat as well as those you choose to __84__ clearly
contribute to your well-being. Without a __85__, each of the small decisions you
make in this realm can make a big __86__ on your health in the years to come.
67. A) between
68. A) serious
69. A) key
70. A) strict


B) through
B) splendid
B) point
C) inside D)to
D) separate
D) center
D) natural
D) offend
D)by
C) specific
C) lead
C) typical
C) forbid
C)for
71 122




B) different
B) prevent
B) upon
71. A) rescue
72. A) in

73. A) turn
74. A) over
75. A) other



B)put
B) along
B) better

C) focus

D) carry
C) with

D)beyond
D)sooner
D) exhausted
C) rather
76. A) conveyed
77 A) vital
B) consumed

C) entered
B) initial C) valid

D) radical
D) amused 78. A) disturbed
79. A) retain
80. A) interfere
81. A) at
82. A) out
B) depressed C) amazed
B) contain

C) attain D) maintain
D) rest B) interact


C) on
C) reckon


B)of D) within
D) up



D) Pack
D) spoil
D) doubt
D) commitment
B) into C) off


83. A) Engage
84. A) delete
85. A) notion
86. A) outcome


Part VI
B) Fill
B) hinder
C) Insert
C) avoid
C) reason B) hesitation
B) function C) impact
Translation (5 minutes)
Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in
brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，只需写出译文部分。
87. The university authorities did not approve the regulation, _____________________
(也没有解释为什么).
88. Jane is tired of dealing with customer complaints and wishes that she
_____________________ (能被分配做另一项工作).
89. John rescued the drowning child _____________________ (冒着自己生命危险).
90. George called his boss from the airport but it _____________________ (接电话的
却是他的助手).
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91. Although he was interested in philosophy, _____________________ (他的父亲
说服他) majoring in law.


2011年12月英语四级考试真题
Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)
注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上．
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled
Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying,

You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage
quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7 choose the
best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10,
complete the sentence with the information given in the passage.
Why Integrity Matters
What Is Integrity?
The key to integrity is consistency- not only setting high personal standards for
oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to
those standards each and every day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows
moral and ethical (道德上的) standards even when making life’s hard choices,
choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.
What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel
disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse (缺失) of integrity also affects
our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship,
whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair?
Thus integrity must be one of our most important goals.
Risky Business
We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision, making
process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is
whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did
and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.
73 122

Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We
must learn to recognize risks, because if we can’t see the risks we’re taking, we
can’t make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be
aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn’t know the rules a about plagiarism
(剽窃) may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who
fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite
sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is
excuse the misconduct, Ignorance is not a defense.

Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts but manage to fool
themselves about the risks they’re taking by using excuses:
or
elaborate:
my eyes on my own paper, but that’s not cheating because I’m just checking my
answers, not copying.
we fool ourselves into believing we’re not doing anything wrong, we can’t see the
real choice we’re making - and that leads to bad decisions.
To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how
you would feel if your actions were public and anyone could be watching over yore
shoulder. If you’d rather hide your actions, that’s an indication that you’re taking a
risk and rationalizing it to yourself.
Evaluating Risks
To decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences,
in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well
as to yourself. Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immolate
benefits and simply haven’t considered what might go wrong. The consequences of
getting caught are serious and may include a
the class, suspension (暂令停学) or dismissal from school and a ruined reputation.
In fact, when you break a role or law, you lose control over your life and give others
the power to impose punishment that you have no control over. This is an extremely
vulnerable (脆弱的) position. There may be some matters of life and death or
highest principle, which might justify such a risk, but there aren’t many things that
fall in this category.
Getting Away with it - Or Not
Those who don’t get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn’t learn
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from the test, which deprives (剥夺) him her of an education. Cheating undermines
confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without
dishonesty, heshe would have failed. Cheating destroys self- respect and integrity,
leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty and afraid of getting caught.
Worst of all, a cheater who doesn’t get caught the first time usually cheats
again, not only because heshe is farther behind, but also because it seems
This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster.
Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later heshe gets caught, the worse the
consequences.
Cheating Hurts Other, Too
Cheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions
hurt anyone. But individual choices have an intense cumulative (累积的) effect.
Cheating can spread like a disease. Recent statistics suggest 30％ or more of
college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others’ grades.
Even if there is no curve, cheating
pressured to join in. (I don’t cheat I can’t compete with those who do
also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of goof teaching is seeing
students learn. But a cheater says.
all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others.
is a destructive attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt
the reputation of the university and harm those who worked hard for their degree.
Why Integrity Marten
If cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. We must rely on the
honesty and good faith of others, if not, we couldn’t put money in the bank, buy
food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to
the dentist--the list is endless. There are many examples of the vast harm that is
caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect their dishonesty can have. The
savings and loan scandal, the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course,
Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of
political and economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a
tremendous toll on our nation’s economy and our individual well- being. For
example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to
reduce the national debt and pay for education.
In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our
society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that we act with integrity in order to
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build the kind of world in which we want to live.
1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also
_______.（A）
A) sticks to them in their daily life
B) makes them known to others
C) understands their true values
D) sees that others also follow them
2. What role does integrity play in personal and professional relationships?（C）
A) It helps to create team spirit
B) It facilitates communication
C) It is the basis of mutual trust
D) It inspires mutual respect
3. why must we learn to identify the risks we are going to take？（A）
A. To ensure we make responsible choices.
B. To avoid being overwhelmed by stress.
C. so that we don’t break any rules.
D. so that we don’t run into trouble.
4. Violation of a rule is misconduct even if _______?（B）
A. it has caused no harm.
B. it is claimed to be unintentional.
C. it has gone unnoticed.
D. it is committed with good intentions.
5. What should one do if he doesn’t wish to fool himself? （A）
A. Avoid making excuses.
B. Listen to other people’s advice.
C. Make his intensions public.
D. Have others watch over his shoulder.
6. Those who take risks they regret later on _______.（C）
A. will often become more cautious
B. are usually very aggressive
C. value immediate benefits most.
D. may lose everything in the end
7. According to the author, a cheater who doesn’t get caught right away will
_______.（A）
A) pay more dearly
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B) become more confident
C) be widely admired
D) feel somewhat lucky
8. Cheaters at exam don’t care about their education, all they care about is how
to stealing a grade
9. Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on people’s honesty and
good faith.
10. Many Americans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders as a
result of the Watergate scandal.
PartⅣ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required
to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank
following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your
choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by letter. Please mark the
corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the
centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
With the world’s population estimated to grow from six to nine billion by 2050,
researchers. businesses and governments are already dealing with the impact this
increase will have on everything from food and water to infrastructure (基础设施)
and jobs. Underling all this 47 will be the demand for energy, which is expected to
double over the next 40 years.
Finding the resources to meet this demand in a 48 . sustainable way is the
cornerstone (基石) of our nation’s energy security, and will be one of the major 49
of the 21st century. Alternative forms of energy- bio-fuels, wind and solar, to name
a few are 50 being funded and developed, and will play a growing 51 in the world’s
energy supply. But experts say that even when 52 , alternative energy sources will
likely meet only about 30% of the world’s energy needs by 2050.
For example, even with 53 investments, such as the $$93 million for wind
energy development 54 in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, important
alternative energy sources such as wind and bio-fuels 55 only about 1% of the
market today.
Energy and sustainability experts say the answer to our future energy needs
will likely come from a lot of 56 both traditional and alternative.
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注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A)stable I)exactly
B)solutions J)consist
C)significant K)comprise
D)role L)competitions
E)progress M)combined
F)marvelous N)challenges
G)included O)certainly
H)growth
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by
some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four chokes
marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
Boys’ schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their
emotions and involve them in activities such as art, dance and music.
Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity (阳刚),
the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to conform
to a stereotype. a US study says.
Boys at single-sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in
cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness,
rather than feeling they had to conform to the
to be a
The findings of the study so against received wisdom that boys do better when
taught alongside girls.
Tony Little, headmaster of Eton, warned that boys were being faded by the
British education system because it had become too focused on girls. He criticized
teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.
The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because
they become discouraged when their female peers do better earlier in speaking and
reading skills.
But in single-sex schools teachers can tailor lessons to boys’ learning style,
letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to
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prevent boredom, wrote the study’s author, Abigail James, of the University of
Virginia.
Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with

Because boys generally have more acute vision learn best through touch, and are
physically more active, they need to be given
allowed to walk around.
(女性的) and prefer the modem genre (类型) in which violence and sexism are
major themes,
Single-sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to
conform to a stereotype that men should be
relationships.
understand themselves well enough to know what that means,
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
57. The author believes that a single-sex school would ____ .
A) force boys to hide their emotions to be
B) help to cultivate masculine aggressiveness in boys
C) encourage boys to express their emotions more freely
D) naturally reinforce in boys the traditional image of a man
58. It is commonly believed that in a mixed school boys _____ .
A) Perform relatively better C) behave more responsibly
B) grow up more healthily D) receive a better education
59. What does Tony Little say about the British education system?
A) It fails more boys than girls academically.
B) It focuses more on mixed school education.
C) It fails to give boys the attention they need.
D) It places more pressure on boys than on girls.
60. According to Abigail James, one of the advantages of single-sex schools is
______.
A) teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys
B) boys can focus on their lessons without being distracted
C) boys can choose to learn whatever they are interested in
D) teaching can be designed to promote boys’ team spirit
61. Which of the following is characteristic of boys according to Abigail
James’ report?
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A) They enjoy being in charge. C) They have sharper vision.
B) They conform to stereotypes. D) They are violent and sexist.
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are bated on the following passage.
It’s an annual argument. Do we or do we not go on holiday? My partner says
no because the boiler could go, or the roof fall off and we have no savings to save
us. I say you only live once and we work hard and what’s the point if you can’t go
on holiday. The joy of a recession means no argument next year - we just won’t go.
Since money is known to be one of the things most likely to bring a
relationship to its knees, we should be grateful. For many families the recession
means more than not booking a holiday A YouGov poll of 2, 000 people found 22%
said they were arguing more with their partners because of concerns about money.
What’s less clear is whether divorce and separation rates rise in a recession -
financial pressures mean couples argue more but make splitting up less affordable.
A recent research shows arguments about money were especially damaging to
couples. Disputes were characterized by intense verbal ( 言语上的) aggression,
tended to be repeated and not resolved and made men, more than women, extremely
angry.
Kim Stephenson, an occupational psychologist, believes money is such a big
deal because of what it symbolizes, which may be different things to men and
women.
what it’s for.
freedom, to show someone you love them.
money as a way of buying status and of showing their parents that they’ve achieved
something.
that couples assume each other know what’s going on
with their finances, but they don’t. There seems to be more of a taboo (禁忌) about
talking about money than about death. But you both need to know what you’re
doing, who’s paying what into the joint account and how much you keep separately.
In a healthy relationship, you don’t have to agree about money, but you have to talk
about it.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答：
62. What does the author say about vacationing?
A) People enjoy it all the more during a recession.
B) Few people can afford it without working hard.
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C) It makes all the hard work worthwhile.
D) It is the chief cause of family disputes.
63. What does the author mean by saying
relationship to its knees
A) Money is considered to be the root of all evils.
B) Some people sacrifice their dignity for money.
C) Few people can resist the temptation of money.
D) Disputes over money may rain a relationship.
64. The YouGov poll of 2, 000 people indicates that in a recession ______ .
A) conflicts between couples tend to rise
B) it is more expensive for couples to split up
C) couples show more concern for each other
D) divorce and separation rates increase
65. What does Kim Stephenson believe?
A) Money is often a symbol of a person’s status.
B) Money means a great deal to both and women.
C) Men and women spend money on different things.
D) Men and women view money in different ways.
66. The author suggests at the end of the passage that couples should ______ .
A) put their money together instead of keeping it separately
B) make efforts to reach agreement on their family budgets
C) discuss money matters to maintain a healthy relationship
D) avoid arguing about money matters to remain romantic
Part Ⅴ Cloze (15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each bland there
are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper You should
choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter
on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
Employers fear they will be unable to recruit students with the skills they need
as the economic recovery kicks in, a new survey 67 .
Nearly half of the organizations told researchers they were already struggling
to find 68 with skills in science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM). 69
even more companies expect to experience 70 of employees with STEM skills in
the next three years.
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The Confederation of British Industry 71 694 businesses and organizations
across the public and 72 sectors, which together employ 2.4 million people.
Half are 73 they will not be able to fill graduate posts in the coming years,
while a third said they would not be able to 74 enough employees with the right
A-level skills.

for people with high-quality skills and qualifications will
77 .
hard to find people with the right 78 or engineering skills. The new government
must make it a top 79 to encourage more young people to study science- related
80 .
The survey found that young people would improve their job prospects 81 they
studied business, maths, English and physics or chemistry at A-level. The A-levels
that employers 82 least are psychology and sociology. And while many employers
don’t insist on a 83 degree subject. A third prefer to hire those with a STEM-related
subject.
The research 84 worries about the lack of progress in improving basic skills in
the UK 85 . Half of the employer expressed worries about employees’ basic literacy
and numeracy（计算)skills, while the biggest problem is with IT skills, 86
two- thirds reported concerns.
67. A) submits C) launches
B) reveals D) generates
68. A) audience C) partners
B) officials D) staff
69. A) while C) for
B) because D) although
70. A) exits C) absences
B) shortages D) departures
71. A) surveyed C) exposed
B) searched D) exploited
72. A) collective C) personal
B) private D) civil
73. A) confronted C) concerned
B) conformed D) confused
74. A) bind C) transfer
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B) attain D) recruit
75. A) Lest C) Before
B) Unless D) As
76. A) with C) on
B) for D) by
77. A) dominate C) enforce
B) stretch D) intensify
78. A) creative C) narrative
B) technical D) physical
79. A) priority C) challenge
B) option D) judgment
80. A) procedures C) thoughts
B) academics D) subjects
81. A) until C) whereas
B) since D) if
82. A) rate C) order
B) discuss D) observe
83. A) typical C) positive
B particular D) general
84. A) highlighted C) focused
B) prescribed D) touched
85. A) masses C) faculty
B) workforce D) communities
86. A) what C) where
B) whom D) why
Part Ⅳ Translation (5 minutes)
Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese
given in brackets Please write your translation on Answer Sheer 2
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，只需写出译文部分。
87．Charity groups organized various activities to ________________(为地震
幸存者筹款)。
88．Linda_______________(不可能收到我的电子邮件）：otherwise, she
would have replied．
89．It’s my mother________________(一直在鼓励我不要灰心)when I have
difficulties in my studies．
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90．The publishing house has to ______________（考虑这部小说的受欢迎
程度)。
91．It is absolutely wrong to ________________（仅仅以金钱来定义幸福）。








































2010年6月大学英语四级答案
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1. A) her daughters' repeated complains
2. D) People haven't yet reached agreement on its definition
3. C) can realize what is important in life
4. A) it seriously affected family relationships
5. C) depressed
6. B) His family had intervened
7. B) curb his desire for online gaming
8. had an Internet addiction
9. professional help
10. online dating
听力答案
Section A
short conversation
11. C) He cannot get access to the assigned book.
12. A) She will drive the man to the supermarket.
13. C) Tidy up the place.
14. A) The talks can be held any day except this Friday.
15. A) He understands the woman’s feelings.
16. D) She has to invite David to the party.
17. C) Many students find Prof. Johnson’s lectures boring.
18. D) Assemble a computer.
long conversation
19. B) It requires him to work long hours.
20. D) It demands physical endurance and patience.
21. D) In a hotel.
22. B) Paying attention to every detail.
23. A) The pocket money British children get.
24. C) It often rises higher than inflation.
25. B) Pay for small personal things.
Section B
Passage 1
26. B) District managers
27. D) The important part played by district managers
28. B) Fifty percent of them were female
29. B) He was not gender sensitive
Passage 2
30. C) Ask to see the manager politely but firmly
31. D) You can’t tell how the person on the line is reacting
32. D) Stick to the point
Passage 3
33. B) Architect
34. A) Do some volunteer work.
35. C) A baby-sitter is no replacement for a mother.
Section C
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36. curious
37. figuring
38. independent
39. unusual
40. interacting
41. formal
42. abstract
43. mystery
44. he has found out how it works and learnt to use it appropriately
45. by trying it out and seeing whether it works, by gradually changing it and
refining it
46. including many of the concepts that the schools think only they can teach
him
仔细阅读答案
Section A
47. G incredibly
48. K replace
49. J reduced
50. L sense
51. H powering
52. D exceptions
53. E expand
54. O vast
55. F historic
56. I protect
Section B
Passage 1
57. C) Its ability to ward off disasters is incredible.
58. A) Data for analyzing the cause of the crash.
59. C) The early models often got damaged in the crash.
60. C) To make them easily identifiable.
61. A) There is still a good chance for their being recovered.
Passage 2
62. B) It is based on the concept of positive thinking
63. A) Encouraging positive thinking may do more harm than good
64. B) You are pointing out the errors he has committed
65. C) Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem
66. B) Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy
完型答案
67. B) differ
68. B) via
69. B) used
70. B) lies
71. B) of
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72. D) selects
73. A) sends in
74. A) visible
75. C) beyond
76. D) allows
77. B) behind
78. D) insignificant
79. C) corporations
80. D) only
81. B) later
82. D) provided
83. D) besides
84. A) and
85. C) widespread
86. A) acquired
翻译答案
87. (in) concentrating on the experiment focusing her attention on the
experiment.
88. did she become angrydid she lose her temper before.
89. being invited to attend the opening ceremony.
90. (should) be fixedinstalled by the window
91. the strong opposition of her parents her parents’ strong opposition.












2010年12月大学英语四级答案
Part Ⅰ
Writing
How Should Parents Help Children to be Independent
Nowadays, there is a growing concern over such a phenomenon, that is, some
parents take care of almost everything concerned with their children, including study,
work, marriage. Some parents believe that this is love, however, it is only to destroy
children’s independence thoroughly.
For the future of the next generation, more efforts should be made by parents to
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help their children to be independent. The fundamental one is to cultivate the
awareness, namely, the importance and necessity of being independent, which is
supposed to begin from childhood. Children should be taught that no one can be
stronger and more helpful than themselves in this world.
The quality of independence is so indispensable for us that parents had better act
as a tutor, not a dictator. And only with parents’ trust, can the next generation
accumulate confidence step by step.
今年的作 文主题非常贴近考生的生活，给了考生很大的发挥空间，擅长写日
常生活细节的学生可以写上三五个句子 勾勒父母对于子女的过度关爱，而擅长逻
辑思考的学生则可以更多地阐述父母怎样的行为才可以培养子女 独立的品格，而
过度宠爱正导致了独立精神的消失。
从具体操作的角度来说，对于基础较 为薄弱的考生，这次的考试题目是比较
容易套用模板的，第一段，把现实状况描述清楚；第二段，写清楚 父母亲帮助子
女独立的策略；第三段，呼吁父母亲多给自己一些自由。怎样解决(解决方案的
优 缺点)
沪江考前模板专题里面关于解决问题类作文提到了类似的结构：
In recent days, we have to face a problem-----A, which is becoming more and
more serious.--------(说明A的现状)．
Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with
the situation. For one thing, ---------------(解决方法一). For another -------------(解决
方法二). Finally, --------------(解决方法三).
Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解决方法). Consequently, I’m
confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------(带来的好处).
像这样子的模板能够帮助无话 可说，或者说英语表达能力比较弱的同学迅速
找到思路，只需要填入关键的字词就可以完成作文。
但是对于能够用流畅的英语表达自己的思路的同学来说，写作如果希望取得
比较高的分数， 则需要注意语言必须尽可能简洁才能够在规定字数以内说清楚自
己的论点，而句子的表达要求，也从有话 可说，上升到言之有理，甚至上升到语
言精致优美，内在逻辑严密的高度了。
在我们给出 大家的这篇范文里面，三段文字结构清晰，语言简明优美又没有
落入模板的窠臼，属于在临场作文中的优 秀之作。
Part Ⅱ
Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning）
1．A) People instinctively seek nature in different ways.
解析：第一段最后一句直接给出关键字profound belief, whether 引导的从句
对应答案中的instinctively
2．D) Things that are purchased.
解析：第二段最后一句，what is best对应题目中的prefer, that is to say作为
暗示直接引出之后的things that can be bought,选择D
3．B) More access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill.
解析：题干中有关瑞典研究，定位到第四段第一句，结合语义，不难得出B
的正确答案
4．D) are less likely to be involved in bullying
解析：A选项具有干扰性，第三段结尾给出自然熏陶能够提高学生学科水平
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的线索，但考虑到快速阅读题的传统，即题目顺序对应文章顺序，所以应该定位
到第四段之后的内容，即大段有关bullying的段落，得出答案D。
5．B) Provide more green spaces for them.
解析：对应第八段 内容，作者通过否定患儿对药物的依赖性来给出自己的建
议，结合全文主旨自然环境的重要性，得出B答 案
6．B) They enjoy a life of better quality.
解析：第九段第二句点出老龄人口增长的侧重点是在高质量的生活水平上，
紧接着又指出绿 色的生活方式是达到该种高质量生活水平的最重要因素。
7．C) access to nature contributes to the reduction of violence
解析：十一段引文中can reduce violent behavior，直接对应C选项
8．separated
解析：题干是有关人们错误观念的问题，找到倒数第三段的 关键段error引
导的内容，再对应到humanity and the natural wor ld，得出separated(照抄原文
separable与can重复，separable本身 词义即能够分离的)
9．the wild world
解析：最后一段第二句直接命中题干，照抄the wild world即可。
10. harmony
解析：最后几段内容的小标题直接给出harmony
Part Ⅲ
Listening Comprehension
Section A
短对话（11~18）
答案及解析：
11. A) The man should visit the museums. B) She can’t stand the hot weather.
C) The beach resort is a good choice. D) She enjoys staying in Washington.
答案：D
解析：Woman最后说到I’ll be happy here no matter what the temperature. 这
表明了她待在这里很愉快，很享受待在华盛顿，故选D。
12. A) Her new responsibilities in the company.
B) What her job prospects are.
C) What the customers’ feedback is.
D) The director’s opinion of her work.
答案：D
解析：Woman说到but I wish the director would give me some feedback. 这表
明了她希望得到director的意见（即反馈），故选D。
13. A) Combine her training with dieting.
B) Repeat the training every three days.
C) Avoid excessive physical training.
D) Include weightlifting in the program.
答案：C
解析：Man以自己上次因运动（举重）过量而受伤为例，建议女士应该量力
而 行，避免过量运动，故选C。
14. A) When she will return home. B) Whether she can go by herself.
C) Whether she can travel by air. D) Whether she will completely recover.
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答案：C
解析：Man开头就说到I’m worried about her going on a plane. 从中可知，他
担心的是年老的母亲能不能乘飞机，故选C。
15. A) The woman knows how to deal with the police.
B) The woman had been fined many times before.
C) The woman had violated traffic regulations.
D) The woman is good at finding excuses.
答案：C
解析：警察开头问到 Why didn’t you stop when we first signaled you at the
crossroads? 通过这句话就可以知道女士没有遵守交通规则，故选C。
16. A) Switch off the refrigerator for a while.
B) Have someone repair the refrigerator.
C) Ask the man to fix the refrigerator.
D) Buy a refrigerator of better quality.
答案：B
解析：Man说到 Maybe you should have it fixed，女士回答到You’re right.
这说明女士也同意男士的看法，但并未提到让这个男士来修，故选B。
17. A) He owns a piece of land in the downtown area.
B) He has got enough money to buy a house.
C) He can finally do what he has dreamed of.
D) He is moving into a bigger apartment.
答案：C
解析：Man第二句话说到Now, I have enough money to buy that piece of land
I’ve had my eye on and build a house on it. 表明他能实现买地建房的理想了，故选
C。
18. A) She is black and blue all over.
B) She has to go to see a doctor.
C) She stayed away from work for a few days.
D) She got hurt in an accident yesterday.
答案：D
解析：Woman说的第一句话是My hands still hurts from the fall on the ice
yesterday.从中可知这位女士昨天在冰上滑倒受伤了，但是男士认为 伤势并不严
重，只建议她休养几天就可以了，不必去看医生。C是较强的干扰项，应该是女
士现 在需要休息而不是过去已经休息了几天，故选D。
对话精析：
第一个短对话：
谈论天气the heat is unbearable，强调有了华盛顿的museums and restaurants，
天气再热也无所谓I’ll be happy here no matter what the temperature.
学会看看生活中的积极因素，有了博物馆和餐馆，天气再热都热爱华盛顿，
这是何等的乐天精神啊！
第二个短对话：
谈论新工作，I’m learning a lot of new things, but I wish the director would give
me some feedback.我学了很多新东西呢，但是我希望上司能给我点反馈！！！
feedback是反馈也是答案的题眼。这位女士想知道什么呢，想知道上司对她的看
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法嘛！
第三个短对话：
关于锻炼身体的，还是关于制定锻炼身体的计划的！Can you help me work
out a physical training program, John?你能帮我制定个锻炼的项目吗？Sure, but
whatever you do be careful not to overdo it. 当然啦，不过不管你做什么，得小心点
别过头啊！接下来的句子是举例子Last time I had two weeks’ worth of
weight-lifting in three days and I hurt myself.上次我三天就完成了两个星期的举重
的训练，结果我就受伤了。
问题是这个男人要建议这个女人什么？
四六级考试委员会一片苦心啊，这里分明在告诫同学们，平时锻炼身体悠着
点儿。
第四个短对话：
这个对话好！弘扬爱护老人的美德的！
儿子说，我妈妈年纪大啦，I have an elderly mother 然后表达他对妈妈乘飞
机的担心 I’m worried about her going on a plane. Is there any risk?有没有危险啊？
接下来，医生的回答，再次体现四六级客观而乐观的精神，Not if her heart is
all right. If she has a heart condition, I’d recommend against it.她心脏没问题就没事
啊，如果她心脏有问题的话，那我就不建议她去（乘飞机啦）
第五个短对话：
交通违规怎么做？！四六级听力教你谦恭有礼做回答。首先，第一句的男士
质问，Why didn’t you stop when we first signaled you at the crossro ads?我们第一次
示意让你在交叉口停车，你干嘛不停呢?(潜台词是，瞧，还不是被我给逮回来训< br>话了么？！在这种情况之下，这位女士态度是诚恳的，Sorry, I was just a bit
absent-minded. Anyway, do I have to pay a fine? 对不起啊，我有点心不在焉。但不
管怎么说，我需要罚款吗?
人嘛，都是有时候情绪化的嘛，并且我认罚，这句子学会了顺便大家开车的
素质都提高了哈！
第六个短对话：
家庭琐事。
第一个人说，I’m no expert我不是专家but that noise in your refrigerator
doesn’t sound right. Maybe you should have it fixed.但是你冰箱里面的噪音听起来
不大对啊，也许你应该去修理了吧。 have it fixed这个结构是考官们发誓要考生
学会的have sth done的结构。
第二个人开腔了，You’re right.对话基调钉牢，我同意你，就是冰箱确实坏
了。And I suppose I’ve put it off long enough.我恐怕我已经拖得够久了，put off,
另一个考官立誓要教会全中国考生的内容，拖延，put off,核心之核心。
问题，这女的可能会怎么做呢？
她学会了核心单词听懂了整个对话以后，一定会去修冰箱！！并且，这里强
调 是找人修冰箱， have it fixed而不是她自己修！ she will fix it herself.
第七个短对话：
买房问题。全国热议啊，考试考到的角度那是真叫一个艺术！
我市区的公寓卖得不错！I did extremely well on the sale of my downtown
apartment.也就是说卖了一个好价钱啦！ Now, I have enough money to buy that
piece of land I’ve had my eye on and build a house on it.现在，我可有钱买一块我早
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就看中的地啦，我能建一所房子啦！
偷偷感叹下，这说明了城乡的房价是 多么滴有茶具啊！不过考官还是仁慈的，
不考那么隐晦的，来个简单的，听到这句话的人呢说Congr atulations！Does that
mean you’ll be moving soon?
恭喜你啊，那这是不是说明你很快要搬家了啊？！
问题问我们知道第一 个陈述的那个男人什么情况？！简单，字面意思就够你
用来解答了，卖公寓了有了钱买地建房子了！
第八个短对话：
还是运动，不过这里面涉及了一点点西方的固定搭配，black and blue又黑又
蓝，这实际上说的是咱中文里面的， 身上摔得又青又紫。
第一个人是在说她昨天在冰上摔了一跤，手到现在还疼呢，My hand still hurts
from the fall on the ice yesterday. I wonder if I broke something.我想知道我是不是
摔坏哪儿了啊
（I wonder if这个句型好，走过路过不要错过，I wonder if I could get married
with Sister Phoenix我真想知道我能不能娶凤姐啊？！）
下面这位男士的回答是， I’m no doctor, but it’s not black and blue or anything.
Maybe you just need to rest it for a few days. 我不是医生，但是如果没有什么又青
又紫也没其他问题的话，也许你只是需要休息几天罢了。
问题，此女发生了什么问题?
答案，手摔了，焦虑，问了一男的，这男的很冷静，告诉她没啥事。
长对话（19~25）
答案及解析：
19. What do we learn about the woman?
答案：D) She was a witness to the crime.
解析：文中男士需要女士描述一下抢劫银行的人（describe the man who
robbed the bank）。选项中B提到了robbery，但是对话中没有说明女士是受害 者
（victim）；D选项提到了她目击了某个犯罪经过，robbery显然是crime的一种。
20. What did the suspect look like?
答案：A) A tall man with dark hair and a moustache.
解析：原文中提到The man was tall, six foot, and he had dark hair, and he had
moustache.，对应选项A。
21. What did the man finally asked the woman to do?
答案：A) Identify the suspect from pictures.
解析：对话结尾处，男士要求女士look at some photographs，很显然，他的
目的是让女士通过照片来辨别嫌疑人。因此选择A。
22. How did the woman get to know about the job vacancy?
答案：A) By reading a newspaper ad.
解析： job vacancy指空缺的职位。在对话一开始，女士就说到她的目的：I’m
calling about the job that was in the paper last night.从这句话中可以看出她得知职
位信息的来源是the paper last night，对应A选项。
23. Why did the woman find the job appealing?
答案：B) She could work close to her family.
解析：本题关键词是appealing，意为引起兴趣的。女士提到她喜欢这份工
作的原因是be near to the family.，close是near的同义替换词，因此选择B选项。
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24. What had the woman been doing in Geneva?
答案：C) Working as a secretary.
解析：女士提到她在日内瓦做了一些secretarial work， 也就是选项C中的
secretary。虽然她也提到之前在大学学习，但是她取得的学位是a degree in
English，而非选项D中的a degree in French.
25. What was the woman asked to do in the end?
答案：C) Send in a written application as soon as possible.
解析：对话中女士希望得到面试机会，但是男士要求先要递交书面申请（reply
a writing to the advertisement），并不是所有人都能得到面试机会，因此选择答案
C。
题材考点分析：
长对话第二篇围绕女士求职面试展开，男士问了很多关于女士个人信息的问
题，女士做出回答。做题时需要考生把握住对话大意、抓住细节信息以及两人的
态度。
对话中的考点主要集中在细节、重点一些词组含义，以及同意词组替换。对
话中关键信息包括：been working in Geneva, secretarial work, degree in English, be
near to the family, applications in writing等。考题也正是针对这些关键信息出的，
在听的时候考察考生对于细节的把握，尤 其是叙述相同类型的事情时，更需要记
下其中的区别，从而在做题时能够准确的选出选项。如对话中提到 女士会French
和English，区别是会说French，拿到了degree in English.
其中有几题考察同义词组替换。比如23题中用close替换了near，2 4题中
用secretary替换了secretarial work。选项中频频出现同义词组替换，由此可见考
生平时应该注意积累同一个意思不同的表达法。
另外，从说话的语气和表达情绪的词，也可以听出说话人的态度。比如女士
在问到能否安排 面试时，男士的回答 “Well, I’m afraid…” 由此看出男士否定了
女士的想法。因此在做题中，很容易地排除了安排面试的选项。
总体来说，这篇听力难度中等，关键是要抓住细节。
Section B
Passage One
听力文章分析：
本文难度不大，生词和难词不是很多，关 键是整体上的及关键句的理解。先
是消防队员在营救火灾中时常遇到小孩对消防队员的设备不熟悉，以为 是带着面
具的怪兽（monster），从而躲起来，无法得到及时营救而丧失的现象入手，引出
Eric Velez为了防止此类现象再次发生，在社区里开始对孩子消防知识的教育。
再举例进一 步说明教育性质的演讲在拯救生命的巨大作用。最后再简略地说下此
类演讲的其他作用。
做题要点：
（1） 抓关键句。一般篇章类听力，篇幅较长，听的时候一定要学会准确提
取有用的信息，如原因目的、结果、数字、开头和结尾部分等。
“because they think they have seen a monster” “To prevent such tragedies, fire
fighter Eric Velez gives talks to children in his community, explaining that they
should never hide during a fire.” “But it’s a fact that informative speaking saves
lives.” “Pete Gentry in North Carolina rescued his brother who is choking on food,”
“In addition to saving lives,”
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这几句就包括了所有题目的答案，只要抓住这几句并理解了其意，题目就不
难做出。
（2） 抓住细节，但无需执着于细节。
本文的题目每题都设置了很多细节干扰项。如果太过执着于细节，如
frightened by smoke and noise ；Eric Velez learnt Spanish from his immigrant parents
就会使得做题时容易被细节分心，从而无法立即准确地判断和加以选择。
重点词汇：
fire fighters 消防队员 monster怪兽、怪物 heartbreaks 伤心事 catch a
glimpse of 瞥见 masked戴面具的 oxygen mask 氧气面罩 informative 教育性
的，有益的
答案及解析：
26. D) They mistake the firefighters for monsters.
解析：细节题，从开始when children catch a glimpse of the masked fire fighter
but hide because they think they have seen a monster一句中便可得出 因为不熟悉消
防人员戴面具的形象，孩子们以为来救援的消防人员是怪兽，所以躲起来。所以
选 D。其他选项文中都没有涉及到。
27. B) He often teaches children what to do during a fire.
解析：本篇文章大篇幅讲的是Eric Velez给社区里的孩子讲解消防知识，让
他们熟悉消防人员及消防工具的过程。选项A，put out fire虽然是Eric Velez的
工作，但是本文重点不是在其消防员救活这个工作上， C、D选项很容易就可以
排除。所以选B。
28. A) He saved the life of his brother choking on food.
解析：细节题，从Pete Gentry in North Carolina rescued his brother who is
choking on food一句便可得出答案，文章中关于Pete Gentry的主要信息就是他救
了噎着食物的弟弟 。所以选A。做题时一定要把人名及其所做的事准确对应起来。
29. D) Informative speeches can save lives.
解析：主旨题， 本文举了一个大例子，一下小例子来证明教育性的演说有救
人性命的好处。虽然在文章最后也列举了下其 他好处，但是主旨还是拯救生命。
所以选D。其他几个选项都主要讲细节处，很容易就可以排除。
Passage Two
听力文章分析：
本篇听力讲述的是截然不同的两种生活态度，一种是“make and save a lot of
money in order to retire early”，另一种则是“live only for today”，作者在陈述两种
不同态度之后，针对两种态度给出了自己的看法“it's better to pick the spend-all
approach”。本篇听力不是太 难，没有较难的词汇，虽然有几个需要注意的句式，
如：“At the other extreme are people who live only for today. Why bother saving… ”
等，但是通过上下文也是不难理解的，而且结构也比较清楚，基本上可以分为三部分：两种不同的态度和作者的观点，所考察的三道题也上针对了这三个主要的
点。由此可见，听听 力的时候依然首先要从全文来把握，把握文章的要点，在把
握要点的基础上，有重点的去听一些细节，如 与要点相关的原因和后果，以及作
者本人对这些事情的看法，遇到与此相关的信号词或者关键词时就一定 要注意重
点记忆。
答案及解析：
30. C) To make money for early retirement.
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解析：本题考察原因，问为什么人们喜欢比较苛求但收入较高的工作，其实
听力一开始就用in order to 给出了原因，即：retire early，所以选C项。
31. A) They may have to continue to work in old age.
解析：本题考察后果，问只为当下而活的人面临着什么危险，从“The earlier
neglect of saving, however, makes it difficult not to work when you are older.”中可以
看出A是正确选项，及在年老时有可能不得不继续工作。
32. B) Enjoying yourself while you can.
解析：本课考察文章作者的态度，从 “Postponing doing what you love and
being with people you love until retirement can be a mistake.”中可以看出，作者认为
想等到退休后再 做自己想做的事情以及和自己喜欢的人在一起可能是一种错误，
所以选B，即趁着自己还可以的时候要懂 得享受生活。
Passage Three
听力文章分析：
此篇短 文听力难度适中。叙述者，即文中的speaker，通过记叙自己的境遇
表达个人观点。三个自然段分 别对应文章后的三道题，结构清晰明了，题目答案
导向明确。
第一段通过开篇点题引出本文话题，“以偏概全”着实有失公平；
第二段记叙一个发生在Graben Gore 饭店的故事，关键句：A new sign in the
window told the story. “No more than two students at a time”；
第三段同样是记叙一个发生在药店的故事，故事情节较为简单。
此三题听时关键在于抓关键句子，个别人名等不需做过多关注。
答案及解析：
33.C) Innocent people being suspected groundlessly。
文章第一段中，由”How fair will that be ”的前一句和后一句均可推出此答案。
前一句即“一个邻居犯了法，所有的邻居们都成了怀疑对象”。后 一句即“因为有
些学生小偷小摸，所有的学生就都被当成小偷来看待……”，二者表明一个意思，
即“无辜者被毫无理由的怀疑属实不公平”。
34.D) Allowing only two students to enter at a time。
第一个小故事中的一个关键句后面紧跟答案。该关键句为，”A new sign in the
window told the story.”
而这个sign的内容就是紧随其后的“No more than two students at a time”.
35.B) He was closely watched.
此 题需要自己稍作总结，最后一个小故事说到文中的“我”去药店，却一直被
盯着；此事让“我”很是不满 。
Section C
36. preserve
37. appreciate
38. households
39. chat
40. convenient
41. rates
42. receive
43. submit
44. They are also sharing information about concerts and sports events, as well
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as jokes and their philosophies of life.
45. A hand- written note to a friend or a family member is the best way to
communicate important thoughts.
46. This writing practice brings rewards that can’t be seen in bank accounts

Part Ⅳ
Reading Comprehension（Reading in Depth）
Section A
47. M) raised
48. L) psychological
49. E) contributions
50. A) abilities
51. B) achieve
52. N) smart
53. I) extent
54. J) indicates
55. G) essentially
56. H) eventually
47. raise在这里的意思是“养育”，the environment in which you were raised 意
思是“你成长的环境”。
48. 意 思是“心理活动”，全句意思是“研究基因和外部
环境如何相互作用影响人心理活动的学科被称为行为遗 传学”。
49. “make contributions to”为固定搭配，意为“为……做贡献”。
50. “ability to …”意思是“做 某事的能力”，在此处，全句意思是“任何一篇宣
称人类做出某种行为的能力是基于生物学的研究都是有 争议的”。
51. to what you can achieve意思是“对你所能达到的水平的限
制”。
52. 此处需填一个形容词，而且用来形容人，根据题意，smart符合题意，
表示“机灵，可爱”。
53. 此处填extent，主要是因为后面有to，“to the extent …”译为“……的程
度”。
54. indicate 意思是“表明，显示”。全句意为“越来越多的科学（现象）表明
基因对人类很多特征有基础作用”。
55. essentially 的意思是“实际上，本质上”。全句意为“从这个角度来讲，人
一出生，本质上就像是还没洗出来的照片：相已经照了，但是最终会呈现多少就
在于显影的过程 了”。
56. eventually 副词，意思是“最终，最后”。
Section B来源：
Passage One
57. C) few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university
推理题。“one-way street” 字面意思是“单行道”，含 有只能从一个方向前进
却很难往相反方向前进的意思，用了比喻用法。文章第二句就解释说明了这个“one-way street”在文中的含义。大学里的学者去商界创业的现象不算稀奇，但是
反过来就不怎么常见。所以选择C选项。
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58. A) keeps someone from taking action
推理题。“deterr ent”有妨碍物的意思。在文中需要通过上下文来理解。单词
前的意思是“薪水永远是最大的…因为很 多人觉得到大学里工作就会减少工资，
从而无法养家糊口。”从后面半句，我们可以推断出deterr ent的意思，所以选A
选项。
59. B) Her research interests.
细节题。答案在Para3Line3可以找到。“Her main reason for… to take advantage
of the great freedom to choose research questions.”表明Helen Lee换行主要考虑到
的是自己可以比较自由地选择研究领域，即个人的研究兴趣。所以选择B选项。
60. D) exploit better intellectual opportunities
细节题。本题比较简单，在Para3最后一句“felt it worthwhile for the great
intellectual opportunities”就可以找到答案。
61. A) Increase its graduates’ competitiveness in job market.
推理题。本着一题对应一段的一般原则，我们应该在最后一段里找答案。“the
demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry in…“that will help
students get a job when they graduate”段落主要是在讲industrial scientists到大学教
学后的主要贡献。所以选择A项。
Passage Two
62. D) marriage contributes to a great deal of longevity
解析：第一段提到“but the biggest longevity boost seems to come from marriage
or an equivalent relationship.”紧接着就说到“The effect was first noted in 1958 by
William Farr,…”。句中的boost和选项D中的contribute有相近的意思，故选择D。
63. B) marriage can help make up for ill heath
解析：Linda Waite举例子说到一个有心脏病的已婚男人可以比未婚但是健
康的 男人多活4年。因此，婚姻可以弥补身体不健康带来的不利因素，故选B。
64. A) the disadvantages of being married
解析：flip side的 愿意是唱片的另一面，在这里前面已经分析过婚姻的好处，
这里指的就是婚姻的反面，故选A。
65. A) They have effects similar to those a marriage.
解析：第二段最后一句…how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.
故选择A。
66. B) To stay healthy, one should have a proper social network.
解析：最后一段提到如果想生活的更长久到100岁，就要发展自己的社交网
络，故选B。
Part Ⅴ
Cloze
答案：
67. D came out
68. C less
69. D by
70. A almost
71. B developed
72. C growth
73. B lead
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74. A pressure
75. B services
76. B into来源：考试大的美女编辑们
77. C driven
78. C wealth
79. C unless
80. D expand
81. C at
82. C common
83. A major
84. D trend
85. C but
86. B possibilities
解析：
67. D came out 表示出版，公布，这里表示报告的公布。
68. C less 根据上下文可知这里说的是都市人口的增长，强调之前的少和现
在的多，所以用少于更合适。less than：少于，不到。
69. D by 在这里表示截止到某时间为止。
70. A almost 几乎，将近，对前面的解释，说明人口有多少。
71. B developed 根据上下文意思，以及后文相对的developing world可知应
该是发达国家，即：developed countries。
72. C growth 仔细阅读的话可以发现下文就有答案，这里讲的是都市人口的
增长，所以用growth。
73. B lead lead to表示导致，通向，本段末也有出现过，在这里是说都市化
有助于社会和经济的进步。
74. A pressure 从下文的描述可以看出过快的都市化也给城市带来了巨大压
力，所以选pressure。
75. B services 服务，城市为人们提供住房和服务。
76. B into 介词选择，move into 移入，迁入；固定搭配。
77. C driven 表示推动，驱动，driven by 由…驱动，由什么原因引起的。
78. C wealth 财富；social division and differences in wealth 社会分化和财富
上的差距。
79. C unless 除非，这里说的是除非城市规划更好，否则各部分财富分配不
均的局面将可能导致犯罪问题。
80. D expand 指扩张， expand into rural areas 扩张到农村地区。
81. C at at a much faster rate 以更快的速度，固定搭配
82. C common 表示某事件很普遍，平常。从下文的across America可知这种
情况很普遍很常见。
83. A major major cities，大城市，与后文中的smaller cities形成对比
84. D trend 趋势，这里是对前面情况的概括，a trend toward de- urbanization
表示一种逆城市化的发展趋势。
85. C but 表示转折，说城市还是有自身优点的，与前面的“逆城市化”形成转
折关系。
86. B possibilities 可能性，这里表示城市依然能够提供农村所不能提供的机
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会和可能性。
整篇解析：
这篇完型填空取材自2009年10月9日的VOA Special English节目，谈论
的是 城市发展的问题。从抓主旨的角度来说，这样一篇小小200词的文章，纵览
了世界城市发展史，又横览 了城市化带来的种种问题，里面的核心论点之间逻辑
关联紧密，考生如果没有任何背景知识和推理能力， 解题会遇到一定的困难。比
如说第二个空格，很多考生在more 和less之中犹豫不决，在没有具 体背景信息
的情况之下，就需要依据上下文的文脉进行推理。既然强调的是城市化的迅速发
展， 从5%到几乎70%，这个5%前面究竟填入超过还是不到。从作者的叙述语
气一致可以推知，他必定在 感叹这个变化的巨大，因此前文应该是不到5%。对
于intoat这样一些介词小词的考查历来都是完 型填空的重点，move into cities at
a faster rate，这都是比较容易选择的基础搭配。
Part Ⅵ
Translation
87．___________________(为了确保他参加会议)，I called him up in advance.
解析：In order to ensure him to attend the meeting
To ensure his attendance at the meeting
【结构分析】本题句子的主干 “I called him up in advance”已经给出，无需翻
译，需要翻译部分为“为了确保他能参加会议”。该部 分在句子中作目的状语
【考点解释】本题考查是目的状语。①目的状语可以由toin order to来引导。
②确保 ensure sb to do 确保某人做某事，ensure sth 确保某事
【原句精释】为了确保他参加会议，我已经提前给他电话了。
88．The significant museum________________(据说建成于)about a hundred
years ago.
解析：is said to have been built
【结构分析】本题句子的主语为the significant museum，缺谓语，即（据说
建成于）
about a hundred years ago为时间状语。
【考点解释】本题重点考查：①被动语态。主语museum与动词build之间
为被动关系; 且bulid这一动作发生在过去。②据说 be said to；be said to+ 动词
不定式的完成时，表示不定式表示的动作已经完成。
【原句精释】据说这座意义深远的博物馆大约建成于一百年前。
89．There would be no life on earth ____________________ (没有地球独特的
环境)。
解析: without its unique environment
but for its unique environment
【结构分析】本题句子含有There be结构。主干完整，there主语，would be
谓语，no life 表语，on earth 地点状语
【考点解释】本题重点考查：①without的用法 without 是介词，后接名词；
同时，表示“没有”，除without外，还可用but for；②单词拼写 unique adj.独特；
environment n.环境 ③当名词重复出现时，可适当使用代词，避免重复。
【原句精释】没有地球独特的环境，地球上就不会有生命。
90．______________________________(给游客印象最深的)was the
friendliness and warmth of the local people.
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解析：What impressed the tourists most
【结构分析】本题句子为主系表结构，主语即考查部分，was 系动词，剩余
部分为表语。
【考点解释】本题重点考查①what引导的主语从句；wh at可引导句子充当
主语；②impress用法 给…留下印象 impress sb；③最高级的用法most；结合考
点②③，可推出“给…印象最深”为impress sb most
【原句精释】当地人的友善与热情给游客们留下了最深的印象。
91．They requested that ___________________________ (我借的书还回图书
馆) by next Friday.
解析：books I borrowed (should) be returned to the library
I (should) return the book I borrowed to the library
【结构分析】本题句子的主干部分分别是they 主语，request 谓语，后接that
引导的宾语从句。
【考点解释】①request的用法。request v. 要求；当request表示“要求”时，
引导的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，即（should）+ 动词原形。②定语从句。“我
借的书”， the book (that) I borrowed；③单词的拼写。归还 return，借 borrow，
图书馆 library ④本题就此题提供了两个版本的答案，但在表示“规定，规则”时，
被动语态更为常用。
【原句精释】他们要求我在下周五之前把借的书还回图书馆。


2011年6月大学英语四级答案


Part I Writing
标准版
Doing Shopping Online
With the development of the Internet, shopping is no longer a tiring thing. Just
click your mouse to choose the articles you like, and the purchase is done. You don't
even have to step out of the room. It seems all easy and quick.
However, people's opinions vary on this trend. Some believe that on line
shopping is time and money saving. With plentiful selection options, they can buy
whatever they like at any time convenient. Still others insist that mis-purchasing alone
is annoying enough, not to mention the credibility of the sellers and the safety of their
accounts.
In my opinion, the convenience and excitement of on line shopping is beyond all
doubts. In the meantime, we must always bear in mind that certain traps do exist, so
we'd better make sure the sellers are trustworthy before buying. In addition, we should
also guard ourselves from the potential hackers who might steal our account
information.
文章点评：
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