八年级时间状语从句教案

2013年 8 年级 下教案
第几讲: 9
教学课题：Module 8 Public holidays
教学目标：1..课文中重点单词、词组、句子的理解与掌握
2.课文与单词的朗读与翻译要求掌握
3语法：时间状语从句
教学重点：课文与单词的朗读与翻译要求掌握
教学难点：语法：时间状语从句
教学过程:
一．Greetings
二．Dictation
1Words 2 phrases 3 sentences:
三．语法——时间状语从句
定义:英语中可以用句子表达一件事情或一个行为发生的时间，这 个句子就叫时
间状语从句。
时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连
词来引导。
1.由when引导的时间状语从句
When意为“当 …的时候”，when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是
瞬间动词。Eg：When the teacher came in, the students stopped talking.
He knocked at the door , when my mother was sleeping.
2.由while引导的时间状语从句“与…同时，在…期间”，谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
EG：Lucy was cleaning the room while Lily was listening to music.
3. 由beforeafter 引导的时间状语从句，before“在…之前”，after“在…之后”
Eg：He went to the office before he visited Mr. Zhong.
I called Betty after I finished the homework.
4. 由until引导的时间状语从句，“直到…为止”，not until “直到…才”
Eg：He stayed in the room until his mother came back .
We didn’t begin the meeting until the boss came.
5. 由as soon as 引导的时间状语从句，“一…就”
Eg：I took out the notebook as soon as the class began.
四．时间状语从句要注意的几个地方
（1）例如：
It was raining hard（rain hard 下大雨） when got to school yesterday.
While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang.
As he walked along（沿着走） the lake, he sang happily.
He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.
After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.
(2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：
I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York.
I will tell him everything when he comes back.
He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.
(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主 句用肯定式，其含义是“一

直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定 式，其含义是“直到……
才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如：
The young man read till the light went out（熄灭）.
Let’s wait until the rain stops.
We won’t start until Bob comes.
Don’t get off（从下来） until the bus stops.
【
Till是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候，而在那个时刻之后，该事情或状况仍将持续。 Until是指直到某
一特定事件发生的时候，而讲话的人在自己心里认为，在那个时刻之后，该事情或 该状况将中止（不怎么
可能持续）。固定组合里from morning till night，tilluntil是不能替换的，】
五．when, while 和 as 引导时间状语从句的用法区别
这三个词的意思很简单，都有“当??时候”的意思。
一、when 的用法
如果只从现象来看，when 从句用的最多的是一般过去时，而主句的时态没有限制,根据
具体情况而定。
1. When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas.
2. When she came into my room, I was just reading a book. 她走进我房间时，我正在看书。
3. Were you writing when the teacher came in? 老师进来的时候，你在写信吗？
4. Sorry, I was out when you called me. 对不起，你打电话来的时候我出去了。
5. He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door. 他正要走，这时有人敲门。
6. I thought of it just when you opened your mouth. 就在你要说话的时候，我也想到了。
7. I had hardly[scarcely] closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door.
根据以上的例句，我们可以总结出一点：when 从句的A事件，相当于另一个事件B
发生的时间点。也就是说，when 从句的重点不在动作本身发生的状态，而只是把它作为一
个时间点，所以when 多数情况下用的是一 般过去时，则不用正在进行时。因为如果用正在
进行时，它表示的就是一段时间而不是一个时间点了。根 据这一点，有的文章补充说：when
从句的动词大多是瞬时动词。这种说法也可以参照。
实际上，when 从句也可以有其它的时态，但几乎也不用进行时，因为它也只是作为一
个时间参照点。例如：1. When I got to the airport, the guests had left. 2. When he had
finished his homework, he took a short rest.3. Why do you want a new job when you have got
such a good one already?4. You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it.
5. When the manager comes here for a visit next week, I’ll talk with him about this.
二、while 的用法
相比于when 来说，while 从句的侧重点就不一样了。while 从句的侧重点在于描述动
作正在发生的状态，它的意思是：当while 事件正在发生的时候，另一件事如何如何。所以，
while 从句一般用的是正在进行时。而另一件事的状态没有硬性的要求，根据具体情况而定。
例如：1. While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.
当妻子正在看报纸的时候，我正在看电视。
2. While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him.

正当吉姆修自行车时，林涛来看他。
3. While they were talking, the bell rang. 正在他们谈话的时候，上课铃响了。
4. You can’t do your homework while you’re watching TV. 你不能一边看电视一边做家
庭作业。 5. While John was sitting biting his nails, I was working out a plan to get us home.
约翰坐在那里咬指甲时，我正在制定一个回家的计划。
从时间的角度来看，while 表示的是一段时间，是一个过程。这是while 的侧重点。因
此，如果含有“一段时间”的含义的时候，就可以用while。
6. Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。
这句话中，是说趁着铁是热的这段时间，赶紧打铁。如果换成 when 意思就变了，相
当于说铁只热了一下，打一下，然后铁就冷了。这显然不符合文意。
再例：—I'm going to the post office.
—While you're there, can you get me some stamps?
三、as 的用法
as 从句表示的也是一件事情正在发生，另一件事也正在进行当中。但与 while 从句不
同的是，as 从句用的一般不用正在进行时，而只是一般过去时。as 从句一般可以翻译成
“边??边??”。例如：1. As my mother sang those old songs, tears ran down her cheeks.
当我妈妈唱起那些老歌时，眼泪顺着她的脸颊流了下来。
2. The students took notes as they listened. 学生们边听课边做笔记。
3. As we talked on, he got more and more excited. 我们继续往下谈的时候，他越来越兴奋。
4. The little girls sang as they went. 小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。
5. Just as he caught the ball, there was a tearing sound. 当他抓住球的时候，有一种撕裂的声音。
as 表达的事件，往往只是主句动作发生的背景或条件时，as 只是一个次要的时间说明，
不像while 从句有强调 while 动作本身的意思。因此，as 常常翻译成“随着??”之意。
例如：1. As the time went on，the weather got worse. 随着时间的推移，气候更加糟糕。
2. The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases. 随着高度的增加，大气越来
越稀薄。
3. As years go by，China is getting stronger and richer. 随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越
来越富强了。
少数情况下，如果强调动作正在发生，as 从句也可以用正在进行时。这只能算是特例
了。
1. The sad mother sat on the roadside, shouting as she was crying.
伤心的妈妈坐在路边，边哭边叫喊。
2. As we were going out, it began to snow. 正当我们出门时，雪开始下起来。
3. He came in as I was going to bed. 我正要上床睡觉，他进来了。
六．Exercise