高考英语时间状语从句专题复习

高考英语时间状语从句专题复习
一、知识框架


二、知识点讲解
状语从句(adverbial clause)在句中作状语，可修饰主句 中的动词、形容词和副词等。状语从句由从属连词引导。
状语从句可放在句首或句末。放在句首时，从句 后面常用逗号；放在句末时，从句前面往往不用逗号。用表示时间
的连词连接一个句子作状语,这样 的主从复合句就是时间状语从句。

（一）从属连词分类
1. 基本类 包括when, while, as, whenever, before, after, since, till, until, once, as soon as 等。
Did anyone call when I was out? 我不在家时谁来过电话吗?
We have known each other since we were children. 我们从小认识。

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You’ll feel better after you take the pills. 吃完药丸后你会感到好一些。
Make sure that all the lights are off before you go to bed. 睡觉前一定要关灯。
2. 名词类 包括the moment, the minute, the second, the instant , every time，each time，(the) next time， the last time，
any time，the first time 等。
Tell me the moment (that) you get the results. 你一拿到结果就给我打电话。
Next time you come in, please close the door. 下次你进来，请关门。
He felt nervous each time she spoke to him. 每次她和他讲话，他都感到紧张。
The last time we talked he said he needed another two days. 上次我们谈话时他说他还需要两天。
3. 副词类 如immediately, directly, instantly, presently等。如：
I came immediately you called. 你一打电话我就来了。
Directly I walked in the door I smelt smoke. 我一进门就闻到烟味。
4. 句型类 包括no sooner…than, hardly scarcely…when 等。如：
I had no sooner closed the door than somebody knocked. 我刚把门关上就有人敲门。
Hardly had he told me the truth when he began to regret it. 他刚告诉我真相就开始后悔了。

（二）易混淆从属连词辨析
1、when, whenever, while, as
(1) when 既可引导 一个持续动作，也可引导一个短暂动作，可用于主句动作和从句动作同时发生，也可用于从
句动作先于主 句动作发生。when(特指)引导的从句表示的具体的时间, whenever（泛指）指任何一个不具体的时间。
When the film ended, the people went back.
When he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring.
When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest．（finished先发生）
When I got to the airport, the guests had left．（got to后发生）
Come whenever you like.
注意：?表示“每当…的时候”(暗示一种规律性)，一般要用 when：
It’s cold when it snows. 下雪时天冷。
He smiles when you praise him. 你夸奖他时他总是笑笑。
?when 可表示“这时(突然)”；
I was just coming along to see you when I ran into Wilson.

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We were about to start when it began to rain. 我们正要出发，这时天开始下雨了。
?在将来时从句中，常用when，且从句须用一般时代替将来时。主将从现原则
When the manager comes here for a visit next week，I’ll talk with him about this.

(2)while引导的的动作必须是持续性的,不能和瞬间性动词连用。
Please don't talk so loud while others are working .
While Mary was writing a letter, the children were playing outside.
I kept silent while he was writing.
注意：①while还可作并列连词，意为“然而，但是”，表示前后对照，说明两种情况相反。
Tom is very outgoing, while Jane is shy and quiet.
Some people waste food while others haven’t enough.
②可引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”（多放句首），从句和主句主语多为同一人或物。
While I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you.

(3) as引导一个时间状语从句，其动作为持续性动作，多用 于主句和从句动作交替进行或同时发生，可翻译为“一
边……，一边……”或者“随着时间的推移”。
She wept as she spoke.她边说边哭。
He looked behind from time to time as he went.他一边走，一边不时地往后看。
As the time went on, the weather got worse.(as表示“随着……”之意)
The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases.随着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄。

(4)如果主句表示的是 短暂动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作，此时when，
whil e 与as可互换使用。
When While As we were dancing，a stranger came in.(dance为延续性动词)当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。
When While As she was making a phone call，I was writing a letter.(make为延续性动词)当她在打电话时，我正在写
信。

【练习】

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