英语状语从句讲解(1)

英语状语从句练习与讲解

状语从句在句中相当于副词做状语,又 叫副词性从句。状语从句分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、地点状语从句、
原因状语从句、目的状语从 句、让步状语从句、结果状语从句和比较状语从句。掌握状语从句应当引导词入手，
注意引导词的词义, 引导状语从句的引导词都有词思,所以,了解引导词的意思尤为重要。引导词按意义分为九类:
1)时间when , as , while , till , until , before, after , since
2)地点where3)原因because , as , since , now that4)条件if , unless , once .so (as)long as . in case5)让步though ,
whatever (--ever) as, even though, even if6)目的so that, in order that7)结果so ... that
8)比较than, as .. as
9)方式as , as if
1．I fell asleep when ( as , while ) he was doing his exercises .他正作练习时我睡着了。（时间状语从句）
2．When he arrived in Shanghai , his mother met him at the station . 他到上海时，他妈妈到车站接他。（时间
状语从句）
3．She always sings as she walks . 她总是一边走一边唱。（时间状语从句）
4．I waited until he had finished his work . 我等到他做完活。（时间状语从句）
5．It was not long before he told me about this affair . 不久，他就告诉我这件事。（时间状语从句）
6．He has worked very hard since he entered the factory 自从他进厂，工作一直很努力。（时间状语从句）
7．After he had finished the work , he went home . 他干完活，回家了。（时间状语从句）
8．Where there is a will，there is a way . 有志者，事竟成。（地点状语从句）
9．She didn't come to school because she was ill . 她由于有病没来上学。（原因状语从句）
10．As he did not know much English , he looked up the word in the dictionary .
由于他不懂什么英语，所以查字典。（原因状语从句）
11．Now that ( Since ) I've told you twice , you must know it .
既然我告诉你两次了，你必须记住。（原因状语从句）
12．Once he says that , he will do it . 一旦他说了，他就会做。（条件状语从句）
13．Unless I receive the letter from him , I won't write to him again .
如果我不收到他的信，就不给他写回信。（条件状语从句）
14．So long as you work hard , you are sure to succeed .
只要你努力工作，就一定能成功。（条件状语从句）
15．Thoughwewere neither very big nor very strong , we were a good team .
虽然我们个儿不大，身体不壮，但是个好队。（让步状语从句）
16．No matter who she is , she'll have to wait . 无论她是谁，也得等。（让步状语从句）
17．Poor as he was , he was honest . 虽然他很穷，但很诚实。（让步状语从句）
18．It also shows you the caller's telephone numberin order that you can recognize who it is .
它能向你显示打电话人的号码以便能够认出是谁。（目的状语从句）
19．He was so excited that he could not say a word 他如此激动以至于说不出话来。（结果状语从句）
20．He works as hard as he used to . 他工作与过去一样努力。（方式状语从句）
21．You must do as I told you . 你必须按我告诉你的去做。（方式状语从句）
运用状语从句应注意的几个问题:

1)状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时 2)because不与so连用,表示因为...所以二者只能选择其
一;though ( although )不与but连用,表示虽然...但是二者只能选择其一. 3)同一引导词可以引导不同种类的
从句.如: where
You'll find itwhere it was .(地点状语从句) Tell me the addresswhere he lives . (定语从句) I don't
knowwhere he came from . (宾语从句) Where he has goneis not known yet . (主语从句) This is where they
once lived . (表语从句) since , as, when也分别可以引导不同种类的从句.
答案： e
答案：1. can改为could 2.去掉so come改为comes 4. very改为so soon as改为when 改为is
之后加上that 后加those er改为wherever 10. is改为were
答案： r we have enough time介词宾语从句 asked定语从句where the electrical equipment should
be stored表语从句 it used to be表语从句 4. that she works hard同位语从句 5. that he was before
定语从句 was free让步状语从句now= now that there are schools and colleges地点状语从
句 8. once firmed时间状语从句 9. as her twin sister does定语从句 moment he opened the window
时间状语从句
答案：r 2. Who gh 10 Hardly, when ( No sooner , than )
答案：放在looking之后改为改为who 改为how 改为whether 改为
what 改为Whether 改为Because 改为such 后加other

《新概念英语第二册》语法精粹
九、状语从句Adverbial Clauses
知识要点：
状语从句是副词性从句，它在句子中担任状语，修饰主句的动词 、形容词或副词。根据修饰的方面，状语从句可
以分为以下九种。
1、时间状语从句
2、地点状语从句
3、原因状语从句
4、目的状语从句
5、结果状语从句
6、条件状语从句
7、方式状语从句
8、 让步状语从句
9、 比较状语从句
1、时间状语从句
种类 从属连词




时
when


whenever
例 句 说 明
When I came into the room, he was writing
when指的是“某一具体
a letter.
的时间”。

当我进屋时，他正在写信。
We shall go there whenever we are free.
whenever指的是“在任
我们什么时间有空，我们就去那里。 何一个不具体的时间”。

I was walking along the street when
when意为“这时”或“在
suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder
那个时候”,可以看作是
from behind.
并列句,这种用法的
我正在街上走着，这时忽然有人从后面拍when分句一 般位于句
我的肩膀。 末。
While it was raining, they went out.
天下雨的时候，他们出去了。
I stayed while he was away.
他不在的时候我在。
while指“在某一段时间
里”，“在 …期间”，while
引导的动作必须是持续
性的。
when
间


状
while

语

as
从

before
句


after
till
He hurried home, looking behind as he
as引导持续性动作，强
went.
调主句和从句的动作同
他赶快回家，不时地一边走一边向后看。 时发生。
Be a pupil before you become a teacher.
先做学生，再做先生。
He arrived after the game started.
比赛开始后，他到了。
We waited till (until)he came back .
我们一直等到他回来。
例 句
before译为在…之前

如主句动词是持续性动
作，常用肯定式，表示
“直到…为止”
说 明 种类 从属连句

until




时

间

状

语

从

句
since


as soon as

hardly…wh
en

no
sooner…tha
n

She didn’t stop working until eleven o’clock .
如主句动词是瞬间动
她到11点钟才停止工作。 词，常用否定式，表
Until he had passed out of sight, she stood
示“直…才”“在…以前
there.
不”,从句放在句首表
她站在那里看着，直到看不见他的身影。 示强调，一般用until
Great changes have taken place in China
状语从句在主句之前
since 1978.
时一般用逗号与主句
自从1978年以来中国发生了巨大的变化。 分开，如从句在主句
As soon as I arrive in Shanghai, I’ll write to
之后则不必用标点符
you.我一到上海就给你写信。 号。
I had hardly got home when it began to rain.
hardly…when和no
我刚一到家，就下雨了。=Hardly had I got
sooner…than的意义
home when it began to rain.
相当于as soon as,但只
No sooner had we got to the station than the
表示过去发生的事
train left.
情，主句为过去完成
我们刚到车站，火车就走了。 时，从句为过去时，
Hardly had we begun when we were told to
如hardly或no sooner
stop.
位于句首时语气强，
我们刚开始就被叫停。 而且主句的谓语要用
部分倒装。
在时间状语从句中，
不能用将来时或过去
将来时，而要用现在
时或过去时代替将来< br>时。
where与wherever意
义基本相同，但后者
语气较强，多用于 书
面语。
every time, Every time I travelled by boat, I got seasick.
by the time,
我每次乘船都晕船。
the moment The moment I heard the song, I felt cheerful.
等 我一听到这首歌，就感到很愉快。
Next time you come ,you’ll see him.
下次你来的时候，就会见到他。
where
地

点
wherever
状
语
从
句
原
because
因
状
语
since
从
句
Where there is a will, there is a way.
有志者，事竟成。
Where there is water there is life.
哪里有水，哪里就有生命。
You are free to go wherever you like.
你可以随意到你喜欢的任何地方去。
Wherever you go, you must obey the law.
无论你去哪都要遵守法律。
I came back late yesterday because I was on
because用来回答why
duty.
的问题，语气最强一
昨天我回来晚了，因为我值班。 般放在主句之后
Since everyone is here, let’s begin our
since表示既然或全已
meeting.
知的理由,稍加分析即
既然大家都到了，我们开始开会。 可表明的原因,多放句
首
例 句 说 明

种类 从属连句

as

原
因
As he didn’t know much English, he looked
从句常放在句首，说明
up the word in the dictionary .
原因，主句说明结果，
由于他英语懂得不多，他在字典中查阅这常用于口语中。
个单词。
状
now that, Now (that) the weather has cleared up, we seeing (that), now that
语
seeing that can start our journey.
和since, as 意义相似，
从 鉴于天气已经晴朗，我们可以启程了。 他们都有“鉴于某个事
Seeing (that) he was badly ill, we sent for
实”的意思，that可以省句
the doctor.
去。
鉴于他病情严重，我们派人去请医生去了。



目
的
状
语
从
句
that I shall write down your telephone number
目的状语从句中常用情
that I may not forget.
态动词may (might) can

我要把你的电话号码记下来，以免忘记。 (could) ,should 等放在
so that
We’ll tell you the truth so that you can judge
动词之前，从句往往放
for yourself.
在主句之后，主从句之

我把真实情况告诉你，使你能自己作出判间不用任何标点符号

断。
in order They worked harder than usual in order that
that they could finish the work ahead of time .

他们比往常更加努力工作，为了能提前完

成工作。
lest = for Put on more clothes lest (= for fear that )
fear that you should catch cold.
多穿点衣服，以免患感冒。
so that



so…that
We turned up the radio, so that everyone
so that前有逗号为结果
heard the news.
状语从句。
我们把收音机的音量放大，大家都听到了
so…that的so后面跟形
新闻。 容词或副词。
He was so excited that he couldn’t say a
word.
他十分激动，以致一句话都说不出来。


结

果

状

such…tha
He gave such important reasons that he was
such…that的such后面
语
t
excused.他说出了这么重要的理由，得到大跟名词，如果名词是单

家的谅解。 数就要用such a
It is such an interesting novel that all of us
an…that还可以转换用
从
want to read it.
so…that，语气较强
It is so interesting a novel that all of us want
句
to read it.
这是一本十分有意思的书，大家都想看。
种类 从属连句


if

条


例 句 说 明
Difficulties are nothing if we are not afraid
unless从句的谓语只能
of them.
用肯定式。unless和
如果我们不怕困难，困难就算不了什么了。
if…not同义，unless是
We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains.
书面语，if…not是口语，

unless
除非下雨，我们明天就去那里。 通常二者可以换用。
= We shall go there tomorrow if it doesn’t
条件状语从句中的谓语
rain.
动词的时态一般要用现
SoAs long as you work hard, you will
在时或过去时代替一般
asso long succeed.
将来时或过去将来时。
as
只要你努力工作，你就一定能成功。
In case I forget, please remind me about it .
从

in case
万一我忘了，请提醒我一下。
So far as I know, the book will be published
句
so far as
next month.
据我所知，那本书下月出版。

件

状

语

方

式

状

语

从

句
as



as if…
as though
Draw a cat as I taught you .
此处as译为，按照或正
按照我教你的画一只猫。 如
Do as you are told.
as if或as though的意义
按照人家告诉你做的去做。 和用法基本一样。从句
She looks as if she is ill.
中可以用现在时表示可
看上去她好象是生病了。 能符合事实，也可以用
He acted as if (though) nothing had
虚拟语气。
happened.
他的行动就好象什么也没有发生。
They treat the black boy as if (though) he
were an animal.
他们对待这黑孩子仿佛他是一头牲口。
Although (Though) he was over sixty, (yet)
在句子中一般用了

“虽
he began to learn French.
然”就不能再用“但是”
虽然他六十多岁了，但仍开始学习法语 。 （but）但可以与yet或
We were not tired though (although) we had
still连用。though
worked all day.
although意义相同，用
虽然我们干了一天活，但并不累。 法基本一样，前者通俗，
口语化，后者正式多放
主句的前面。
I’ll go even if (though) it rains tomorrow.
即使明天下雨，我也要去。
even if 和even though
的意思为“即使”“纵使”
有退一步设想的意味，
多用于书面语中。
说 明
though

让



步

although

状

语
even if
从
even
though
句

种类 从属连词

让


步


例 句
as Child as he is , he knows a lot .
as引出的状语从句多用
虽然他是一个孩子，但他懂得很多。 于书面语，它比用
Cold as it is, (= Though it is cold,)the
though或although引导
children play outdoors.
的从句，语气强，更有
虽然天气冷，但孩子们仍在户外玩。 表现力，从句常放在句
首，语序部分倒装。

状


语


从


句
no matter Do it no matter what others say.
no matter……与
(who,
不管别人怎么说,尽管干。 who- ever引导的让步状
what No matter how busy he was, he studied
语从句意义基本一 样，
when, English every day.
no matter……引导的从
where
不管他多忙，他都每天坚持学习英语。 句可是以位于主句前或
which, No matter who takes up the matter for me ,I
主句后。
how…)
shall be very grateful.
不管谁为我处理这件事，我都将非常感激。
happens may happen , we shall
wh－ever从句中的动wh－ever
Whatever

(whatever not lose heart.
词有时可以和may连
whoever
无论发生什么，我们都不要失去信心。 用。判断wh－ever引导
whenever Whoever comes, he will be welcome.
的是状语从句还是名词
whichever
无论谁来，都会受到欢迎。 性从句的一点是，名词
however)
性从句，主句 中一定有
一个成分要在从句担
任，一般从句与主句之
间没有逗号。
不可将no matter与
wh—ever连用
as…as

not soas
…as
the same
…as
such…as
than
Mary is as old as my sister.
玛利和我姐姐一样大。
He doesn’t run so (as) fast as Jack (does).
他不如杰克跑得那样快。
His book is the same as mine.
他的书和我的一样。
Henry is not such a good worker as Peter .
享利这个工人不如彼得那样好。
连词表示同程度级的比
较，肯定句用as…as否
定句可用not as…as 或
not so…as

比

较

状

语

从

句

She has made greater progress this year than
表示不同程度之比较，
she did last year.
主句中用比较级的形容
她今年比去年进步更大。 词或副词。
He bought fewer books than I (did).
他买的书比我买的少。
例 句 说 明 种类 从属连句
the more The more you read, the better you
the more…the more 意
understand.
比
…the
思为越…越…，通常的
more
你看的书越多，你懂得的就越多。 语序为从句在前主句在
The more tickets you sell, the more money
后，这两个the都是表较
you will get.
示程度的副词，用在比
状 你卖的票越多，你的收入也越多。 较级的形容词或副词前
The harder you work, the greater progress
面。
you will make.
语

你工作越努力，你取得的进步就越大。

从

句

特
殊
形
式
的
状
语
从
句
that
The sooner, the better.
越快越好。
The warmer, the better.
越暖和越好。
句子意思明显，句子的
主语和动词都可省略。

We are sure (that )the four modernization
that 引导的从句，往往
will be realized in China .
跟在一个做表语的形容
我们相信四化一定会在中国实现。 词后面，从句概念上看
I’m sorry (that) I didn’t have time to write
是宾语，所以有的语法
you sooner.
家把它看做是宾语从
很抱歉，我没有抽出时间早点给你写信。 句，但结构上看，也可
I am afraid that I can’t go with you.
以把它看作是一个特殊
恐怕我不能同你一起去了。 的状语从句，用来修饰
表语的形容词。这种从
句的连词常常被省略。