高中英语状语从句详解表格例句

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状语从句
状语是用来修饰 动、形、副词的句子成分。由副词，介词短语，分词，分词短语，不定式，从句来充当。可以表
示地点， 时间（伴随），原因，目的，结果，条件，让步，程度，方式，比较。位置可在句首、中、末。
状语从句---------
? 时间状语从句：when, while, as, before, after, since, till, until, by the time, as soon as,
once,
immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the time, the day, each time, every
time, any time, on doing sth, on one’s+ noun., no sooner…than, hardly…when,
scarcely…when,
? 地点状语从句：where, wherever,
? 原因状语从句：because, since, as, now(that), seeing that, considering that, in that, for,
? 目的状语从句：so, so that, in order that, in case, for fear that, lest
? 结果状语从句：so, so…that…, such…that…
? 条件状语从句：if, unless, as long as, so long as, in case, if only
? 方式状语从句：as, (just) as…so, as if as though
? 让步状语从句：though, although, as, even if, even though, whether, while, whoever,
whatever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however, no matter who what which when
where how,
? 比较状语从句：as…as, not as (so)…as, the same as, than, the more…, the more,
引导状语从句
例句（低级）
词 的种类
I was doing my homework ___my mother came in. 时
_____they are waiting for the New Year, they listen to music. 间
Do not make any noise _____ I am recording. 状
People waved flags ____the parade went down the street. 语
He did not go to bed ____his father came back. 从
I will wait for you ____ you come to see waited ____all the people left. 句
He telephoned that he couldn’t come ____the concert began.
Mother always prepares supper _____I come back from school.
I will go out to play basketball with you ___ I finish my homework.
We start to sing ______it is 12 o’clock.
We began to work _____we got there.
_____weather stops me, I go for a walk every day. 条件状
I will visit the Great Wall ____ doesn’t rain tomorrow.
语从句
I will go there right now ____he invites me.
I like to eat apples _____ it’s good for my health.
原因状
______everyone is here, let’s begin our meeting.
语从句
He failed in the exam _____ he was too careless.
_____ no one is against it, let’s carry out the plan.
She dressed like a man ____ she could join the army. 目的状
I got up very early ____ I could get to school on time. 语从句
We’ll sit nearer the front ____ we can hear better.
Mike wanted to help people _____ he become a doctor. 结果状
He worked too hard _____he fell it again. 语从句
He was ____ excited _____ he couldn’t go to sleep last night.
He got up ____ late ______ he missed the train.
He is _____ tall ______ he can reach the top to the blackboard.
___ the weather is sunny, there’s always snow high in the mountains. 让步状

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___ she wants to go to Paris, she doesn’t want to fly.
She wants to go to Paris, ____she doesn’t want to fly.
例句（高级）
He was working at the table when I went in.
Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping.
I used to love that film when I was a child,
The telephone was ringing when I got home.
I was surfing the internet when suddenly the electricity was cut off.
be about to do…when…, be doing…when…, had done…when…
be on one’s way…when…, be on the point of doing…when…
------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----
My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework.
Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.
I want the girls to experience that while they are young.
（
I like watching TV while he likes reading.
）

---------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------
He hurried home, looking behind as he went. As I get older, I get more optimistic.
As a boy (When he was a boy), he was hopeless at maths.
有时候
As
后接一个名
词，相当于时间状语从句。

He told that it would be at least three more months before he could recover and
return to work.
It will be a long time before we meet them again.
It will not be long before we meet them again.
After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.
before
引导的从句不用否定式。
(
也不能用在句子开头？
)
You may stay here until the rain stops. I waited for him until he came back.
He didn’t go to bed until he had finished his work.
They didn’t reach the village till it was dark.
I worked until he came back. I didn't work until he came back.
主句肯定，谓语只能是延续性
+ untiltill.
（主 句动作）直到（从句动作）为止。
主句否定，谓语可是终止或延续
+ untiltill
直到（从句动作）才开始（主动作）

Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.
It was not until the professor came that we began the experiment.
Not until he graduated did he succeed in obtaining the compound.
till
不放在句首，不用在强调句中，
not until
放在句首时，主句用倒装语序。

I haven’t heard from him since he left. He hasn’t seen me since I lived here.

He hasn’t seen me since I have lived here.
He has never been to see me since I was ill.
He has never been to see me since I have been ill.
I’ve known Mr. Smith since I was a boy.
He has studied very hard since he came to our school.
I haven’t heard any noise since I slept.
--------------------- -------------------------------------------------- --------
It’s two years since we arrived here.
It’s been quite some time since I was last in London.
It’s half a month since he was a League member.
It’s a long time since he didn’t study English(X)
引导
词
语从句
状从的种
类
时
间
状
语
从
句
时间
状语
从句
时间
状语
从句
时间
状语
从句

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It’s a long time since he studied English.
It was three years since we had been here.
By the time you came back, I had finished reading the book. 时间状
By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work. 语从句
The moment I saw him I knew there was no hope. 时间状
You grow younger every time I see you. 语从句
the time, the day, each time, any time (
名词短语引导时间状语从句
)
As soon as he arrives, I’ll tell him. We’ll leave the minute you are ready.
时间状
The moment I saw him, I recognized him. I left immediately the clock struck 5. 语从句
You will be successful in the interview once you have confidence.
“
一
…
就
…” directly, instantly, ,,,,,,,
------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------
On arriving at the station, the thief was arrested.
On his arrival at classroom, the teacher came and the bell rang.
On his arrival in Paris, he was recognized as a noble and thrown into prison.
“
一
…
就
…”, on doing sth; on one’s + noun.
I had no sooner reached the bus stop than the bus started. 时间状
I had scarcely hardly entered the room when the phone rang. 语从句
“刚
.....
就
…
”，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。

No sooner had he reached home than it began to rain.
Hardly scarcely had I entered the room when the phone rang.
表示否定意义的词或短语放在句首时，主句倒装。

When (you are) in trouble, you can visit this man. 时间状
Don’t speak until (you are) spoken to.
时间状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，
语从句
从句又有
be
动词出现时，从句可省略主语和
be
动词。

When I came into the room (When coming into the room), I found him lying there
asleep.
当
when
引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同时，用
when+
分词 。

I ____(ring) you up as soon as I ______ (get) to Beijing. 时间状
I___(wait) for you till you ___(come) to see me. 语从句
You can go home after you finish your homework.
主句是一般将来时或谓语含有情态动词时，由
when, before, after, as soon as,
until
等引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时
----
主将从现。

He wants to be a doctor when he grows up.
主句谓语是
want, hope, wish
等动词
的一般现在时，由
when, before, after, as soon as, until
等引导的时间状语从句
用一般现在时

Look before you leap.
主句是祈使句时，由
when, before, after, until
等引导的时
间状语从句用一般现在时。

---------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------
We must camp where we can get water. Where there is a will, there is a way. 地点状
You’d better not leave the medicine where kids can get at it.
语从句
Make a mark where you have any questions.
Go back where you came from. Go back to the village where you came from.
---------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------

He didn’t go with us because he was ill.
原
It was because he was ill that didn’t go with us.
强调句型中只能用
because.
因
An argument was inevitable because they disliked each other so much. 状
-----Why is he absent? -----Because he is sick. 语

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原因通常是听话人所不知道的，表示原因的语气最强，回答
why
的提问。 可
单独存在，
Because…..so…..
（
X
）

Since everyone makes mistakes, you shouldn’t always criticize him.
Since no one is against it, let’s carry out the plan.
since
表原因的语气次于
because,
指显然的或为人们已知的事 实理由，可以译
成“既然，鉴于”，表示一种含有勉强语气的原因。常置于句首。

As he wasn’t ready in time, we went without him.
As you are leaving last, lock up. As you object, we won’t go. as
的含义
和
sin ce
类似，语气最弱，引导的原因只是对结果的附带说明，一般置于句首。

---- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
He found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail.
She can’t have done that, for she is not that kind of girl.
He must be ill, for he is absent today. The days are short, for it is now December.
It must have rained, for the ground is wet. The ground is wet because it has rained.
for
引导 的原因较简接，是对某种情况加以推断，似乎是事后所想到的补充解
释或附加的理由，逻辑关系不一定是 因果关系。一般置于全句之后。

He felt no fear, for because he was a brave boy.
两个分句间有一定的因果关系
时，很难区分是直接原因还是推测性原因，
for because
可以互换
。
for
有时与
because
意义相似，表示的原因往往提供上文未交待过的情况。

---------------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
Now (that) everybody is here, let’s begin. Now that
用来说明 一种新情况，然
后加以推论。与
since
类似，强调人们已知的事实。位于句首时，
that
可省略。

------------------------ -------------------------------------------------- ----------------------
Why is she training to be a teacher when she doesn’t even like children.
How can he learn anything when he spend all his spare time watching television?
Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one?
when
有时也可引导原因状语从句，相当于
since now that
表示“既然”。

-------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- --------------------
We agree to postpone the shipping date, considering (that) there is no steamer
recently. Seeing that it’s raining hard, the fete will probably be cancelled.
--- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
As the little boy was hurt seriously, he couldn’t see anything.
Being hurt seriously, the little boy couldn’t see anything.
原因状语从句有时可
有省略形式，用分词形式，但主句和从句的主语应该一致。

Do as you like. I am as you can imagine short of money.
Just as water is to fish, so air is to man. (as; (just) as…so;)
It seems as if the boy has lost his way.（从句与事实相符，用陈述语气）
The man walked as if he were drunk. （从句与事实不符，用虚拟语气)
Our teacher treats us as though we were her children.(与事实不符，用虚拟语气)
as if, as though 方式状从与事实相符，用陈述语气，与事实不符，用虚拟语气)
The girl stood at the gate as if (she was) waiting for someone.
The woman teacher hurriedly left the classroom as though (she was) angry.
Kate seemed as if (she was) good at dancing.
方式状从中主语和句子主语一致，后面紧跟be的形式时，可以省略主语和be
Mr. Smith had overslept so he was late for work. The train was so full that I
could hardly turn around. She is such a nice girl that we all like her.
-------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -------------
It’s so dark that he couldn’t see the faces of his companions. so+形副+that从句
从
句
方
式
状
语
从
句
结
果
状
语

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There is so little water that you can’t drink. so+muchlittle+不可数名词+ that…
So+manyfew+可数名词复数+ that… so+形容词+aan+可数名词单数+ that..
Tom is so kind a boy that they all like to make friends with him.
------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------
She is such a good girl that she can help you.
These were such difficult questions that none of us could answer.
Pop music is such an important part of society that it has even influenced our
language. such+ a+形容词+可数名词单数+ that…
such+ 形容词+可数名词复数+ that… such+形容词+不可数名词+ that…
I am so happy that you could visit us. (so=very) that
引导宾语从句

It’s such a great pleasure that you are here. that
引导的主语从句。

We’ll sit nearer the front so that we can hear better.

He studied hard so that he might succeed.
Betty got up early in order that she might catch the train.
in order that
常用于正式文体，可置于句首或尾
. so that
置句尾
, that
可省略。

so that
引导目的状从表示的是意欲或可能性，引 导结果状从表示的是一种事
实。形式上看有无逗号，从句中谓动是否有
cancould, maymight, willwould.
We’ve come early so that the meeting can begin promptly.
We are all here now, so that the meeting can begin at last. < br>----------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
He left early in case he should miss the train.
We all seemed afraid to say what was in our minds, for fear that it should cause
trouble. I shall write it down lest I should forget.
lest
和
for fear that
引导的从句须用
should+
动词原形表虚拟语气。

- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------
He ran fast so that he might arrive there before ten o’clock.
?
He ran fast so as
to arrive there before ten o’clock. so that
?
so as to,
主从句的主语相同时。

He worked day and night in order that he could succeed
?
He worked day and
night in order to succeed. in order that
?
in order to
主从句的主语相同时。

The teacher raised his voice in order that the students in the back could hear more
clearly.
?
The teacher raised his voice in order for the students in the back to
hear more clearly. in order that
?
in order for sb to
主从句的主语不一致时。

The result was not as so good as I had expected.
They want peace as much as we do. as…as.., not as(so)…as…, the same as.
Engines are to machines what as hearts are to animals.
what as
可引导对称成对比关系的状语从句。

--------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----------------------
The new rule worked out better than we had planned.
She is not more enthusiastic about her job than she used to do.
------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------- ---
The more you read, the better you understand.
(= If you read more, you will understand better.)
The more difficult the questions are, the more likely I am to be able to answer
them.
If he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race.
We’ll have a picnic in the park this Sunday unless it rains or it’s very cold.
I will go there so long as he invites me.
Man is ready to die for an idea, provided that idea were not clear to him.
从
句
目
的
状
语
从
句
比
较
状
语
从
句
条
件
状
语

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Leave your key with a neighbor in case you lock yourself out one day.
Provided ( that)
或
providing (that); unless = if… not; if = not… unless
You can enter the hall if you have a ticket.
You can’t enter the hall unless you have a ticket.
I will let you operate this machine on condition that you follow the operating rules
Use your head and you’ll find a way.= If you use your head, you’ll find a way.
祈使句
(
相当于条件状语从句
) +and or or else otherwise…..
I will go if you go. I won’t wait for him unless he rings me tomorrow.
If it ____(rain) today, I’ll have to stay at home. I wonder if it _____( rain) today.
Come tomorrow if possible. If so, you must go back and get it.
I’ll buy a TV set if necessary. If
引导的条件状从有
be
系动词，可用省略形式。

类似的常用表达：
if any, if in need He has no money. If any, he will give us.
Though Although he was worn out, he kept on working.
Though Although he had no qualification, (yet) he got the job. (still) (but X)
We had to wait half an hour although we had already booked a table.
I’ve a bit of headache. It’s nothing much, though. (
句尾，副词。
although
不行
)
Bravely though the player fought, they had no chance of winning.
(though
倒装，
although
不能倒装。）

Young as he is, he can read and write in several foreign languages.
Again as he failed in doing this experiment, he didn’t lose heart.
Child as he is, the boy knows a lot. Try as I might, I couldn’t lift the stone.
形

副
+as +
主语
+
谓语；名（不带冠词）

动（原形）
+ as +
主语
+
谓语；

We’ll make a trip even if though the weather is bad.
Even if he is poor, she loves him.= (He may be poor, yet she loves him)
Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, even though they knew it to be
valuable.
（
even if
含有强烈的假定性，而
even though
肯定了从句的事实。）

Even if he had been ill, he would have gone to this office.
可用虚拟语气。

You’ll have to attend the ceremony whether you’re free or busy.
Whether you believe it or not, it is true. whether…or…; whether…or not…
引导
的让步状从旨在说明正反两个方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。

Whichever No matter which book you borrow, you must return it in a week.
Whenever No matter when you come back, don’t wake me up.
He carries a book in his pocket, wherever no matter where he goes.
However well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.
whoever, whatever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however,
no matter who what which when where how,
Whatever (=No matter what) you say, I won’t believe you.
I’ll eat whatever you give me. (whatever
可引导宾从，但不能用
no matter what)
While I like the color, I don’t like the shape. while
可引导让步状从，常在句首。

Though(it was) cold, he still wore a shirt.
No matter how difficult (it may be), we are determined to carry the plan to the end.
The man, while (he is) well over eighty, can walk faster than I.
Whether (she is) well or sick, she always keeps calm.
从句有
be
系动词，且与主句的主语一致，或从句为
it is was
结构。可省略。

You can come whenever you’re free.
主将从现。




从
句
让
步
状
语
从
句