高中英语语法-状语从句-归纳总结

状语从句
一．
分类：
种类 连接词
whenwheneverwhileasbeforeafterinstantly
untiltillby the timeas soon ashardly…when
no sooner…thanthe momentthe minuteimmediately

注意区别：
as和when、while：
有一些表示时间的名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词。当从句的动作发生于主句
句：the minute, the moment, every time, the first time 动作之前，只能用when 引导这个从句，不可用as 或 while。
时间
例：The moment he reached the country, he started his 从句表示随时间推移连词能用as，不用when 或while。
状语
search. 他一到达这个国家，就开始他的探寻工作。
tilluntil和not…tilluntil：
有一些表示时间的副词也可用来引导时间状语从句： until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。
directly
例：Directly the master came in, everyone was quiet.
校长一进来， 大家就安静下来

地点
状语
wherewherever

where，表示某一个；wherever，表示任何一个。
because和since、for、as、now that：
原因
状语
Becauseassincenow thatfor

because语势最强， 用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出
的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或
since。由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，
则可以用for来代 替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情
况加以推断，就只能用for。now that都表示“既然”now that
一定要是现在发生的，since可以是现在，也可以是过去和现在。
条件
状语
ifunlessoncein caseas long ason condition that

多用一般时态，如果表示一般将来的情况，就用一般现在时，
如果表示过去将来的情况，就用一般过去时。
so that和in order that后常接may, should, could, would等情态
动词
其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，修饰
名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。 so 还
可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用，形成固定
搭配。
目的
(so) that,in order thatfor fear thatin caselest

状语
结果
状语
比较
状语
方式
状语
so…that, such…that

Thannot soas…asthe more…the more
as if, as though, as, (just)as---so，
Your watch is not the same as his.(the same as结构)

as if 和as though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气。
让步
状语
Thoughalthougheven ifeven though as, no matter
as在让步状语从句中常用倒装形式；although和though用正
whatwhow hichhowwhen，whateverwhoever
whicheverhoweverwhenever ，whether--- or---（不管----
常语序，可和yet连用，但不可和but连用
都）

时间状语从句：
when (当……的时候) while (在……期间) as (当……的时候, 一边……一边……)
before (在……之前) since (自从……以来) tilluntil (直到) hardly…when… (刚……就)
as soon as (一……就……) after (在……之后) not…tilluntil（直到……才） no sooner…than…(刚……就)
地点状语从句： where (在那里) wherever(无论哪里)
原因状语从句： because (因为) since (因为，既然) as (由于) for (为了) now that（既然）
目的状语从句： （so）that=in order that（以便） so as（not）to （ 以便[不]） in case（以免） lest（以免）
结果状语从句： so+.+that（如此……以致） so that（结果……）
such+n.+that（如果……以致） that（所以，因此）
让步状语从句： thoughalthough不可同but连用。
thoughalthough （虽然） however （可是） even thoughif（即使）
no matter+whatwhichwherewhowhen =whateverwhicheverwhereverwhoeverwhenever
（不论什么哪一个哪里谁何时）
比较状语从句： as （正如） as…as（和……一样） not asso … as （不如……） than（比……更）
the+比较级…+the+比较级 （越……越……）
条件状语从句： if（假设） unless（如果不） so long as（只要） on condition that （如果）
方式状语从句： as（像……那样地） just as（正像） as if（好像） as though（好像）

二． 各种状语从句的简化方法：
状
语
从
句
由whenwhileasoncewhenever引导的时间状语从句
由ifunless引导的条件状语从句
由thoughalthougheven thougheven if引导的让步状语从句
由because引导的原因状语从句
由wherever引导的地点状语从句
当主句的主语和从
句的主语一致时，且谓语动词为be，常省
略从句的主语和谓
语be.
1．以after和befo re引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于afterbefore+doing sth.
作状语。
例：
After she sang
，
she left the rich man's house
．
= After singing
，
she left the rich man's house
．

2．以as soon as引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于on+doing sth.,作状语，此
时的动词为非延续性动词。
例：Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers as soon as he arrived at the village．
= Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers on arriving at the village．
3．时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主语和主句主语一致时，有时可简化为不定式作状语。
例：She stopped when she saw her husband． = She stopped to see her husband．
If you want to understand the farmers，you must go to the countryside．
= To understand the farmers，you must go to the countryside．
4．结果状语 从句和目的状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可以简化为不定式作状语；若两者主
语不一致时，则应简 化为不定式的复合结构作状语。
例：He was so tired that he couldn't go any further．= He was too tired to go any further．
I came here so that I could ask some questions．= I came here(in order) to ask some questions．
5． 以when，while引导的时间状语从句 和以if引导的条件状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，
从句等于whenwhileif +doing sth.作状语，表示谓语动作发生在该状语动作的进行过程之中。
例：When he turned on the radio，he found it broken．= When turning on the radio，he found it broken．
While she was walking along the street，she was hit by a car．= While walking along the street，she
was hit by a car．
6．原因状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可简化为分词短语作状语。

例：Since l didn't know Chinese，I tried to speak to her in English．= Not knowing Chinese，I tried to
speak to her in English．
注意：形容词短语 也可作表示原因的状语，来代替原因状语从句，放在句首、句末均可，但一般
应加逗号。
例：As he was thirsty and eager to get a little rest，he went into the tea-house．
= Thirsty and eager to get a little rest，he went into the tea-house．
7．在时间、原因、条件等状语从句中，若从句和主句主语不一致时，可简化为 分词复合结构作状
语。有时也可简化为“withwithout名词或代词十分词(短语)”形式作状 语。
例：When the film start appeared, the children got exited．= The film start appearing，the children got
exited．
If all the work is done, you can have a rest．= With all the work done，you can have a rest．
Nothing can live if there is no air．= Nothing can live without air．
8．让步状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可简化为分词短语作状语；不一致时，常简化为with< br>或in spite of介词短语作状语。
例：Although he faced his death，he didn't say anything before the enemy．
= Facing the death，he didn't say anything before the enemy.
Although there was danger，he rushed out to carry the boy to safety．
= In spite of danger，he rushed out to carry the boy to safety．

三．表示一…就…的结构
hardlyscarcely…whenbefore, no sooner…than 和as soon as都可以表示一…就…的意思，
例：I had hardly scarcely got home when it began to rain.
I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.
As soon as I got home, it began to rain.
注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构：
Hardly Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.
No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.

四．As引导的让步状语从句的倒装：
1．形容词+as+主语+系动词：
例：Tired as he is, he offers to help me. 尽管他已经很累了，他还是主动提出帮助我。
2．过去分词+as+主语+系动词：
例：Well-known as the book is, the author is not satisfied and prepared to revise it.
尽管这本书写得很好,作者还是不满意并打算修改它。
3．名词+as+主语+系动词：
例：Student as he is, he does not study hard. 他虽然是个学生，但却不努力学习。
4．副词+as+主语+谓语部分：
例：Much as I admire his courage, I don’t think he acted wisely.
我虽然钦佩他的勇气，但我认为他这样做是不明智的。
5．动词原形+as+主语+谓语的剩余部分：
例：Try as you will，you won’t be able to persuade him. 不管你怎么努力，你都说服不了他。