状语从句讲解与习题附答案解析

状语从句
（一）状语从句概述
定义
位置
状语从句用作状语，是起副词作用的句子。
状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后 ，时间、条
件、原因和让步状语从句放在句首时需要用逗号和主句隔开。
分类 根据其作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、让步、
方式和比较等状语从句。
作用

（二）状语从句详解
1. 时间状语从句
引导词
when
用法
意为“当…的时候”。
When引导从句的谓语动
词可以是延续性动词 ，也
可以是瞬间动词。并且
when有时表示“就在那
时”
示例
A liar is not believed when
he speaks the truth.说谎者
讲真话时也没有人相信。
When he arrives, I’ll call
you.
When you laugh and
smile, your body relaxes.
while 意为“在…的时候，在…
的同时” 。While引导从
句的谓语动词必须是延
While I was standing at
the window, I saw several
boys running along the
它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子。

续性的，发生时间较长，
并强调主句和从句的动
作同时发生（或者相对
应）。Whi le有时还可以
表示对比。
as 意为“一边…一边…”。
As引导的动作是延续性
的，发生时间较短，一般
用于主句和从句动作同
时发生；as也可以强调一
前 一后。
after 意为“在…之后”。表示
主句动作发生在从句动
作之后。主句与 从句的动
作时间关系与before引
导的从句相反。
street.
While John was watching
TV, his wife was cooking.
The writer was angry as he
was travelling on a train to
London because someone
had invaded his
“space”.
He smiled as he stood up.
With many hungry visitors
waiting, don’t stay too
long at your table after you
have finished.
If an early exit is
necessary, you can leave
after a scene is over.
before 意为“在…之前”。引导
的从句不用否定形式的
谓语，并且当before引
导的从句位于主句之后，
You can’t watch TV
before you finish your
homework.
Before it ended, the

有时译成“就，才”。当
主句用将来时，从句总是
用现在时；如果before
引导的 从句谓语用的是
过去时，则主句动词多用
过去完成时，这样以便体
现动作的先后。
till 意为“直到”。一般情况
下可以和until互换。如
果主句中的谓语动词 是
瞬时动词时，必须用否定
形式；如果主句中的谓语
动词是延续性动词时，用
肯定和否定形式都可以，
但表达的意思不同。
until 意为“直到”。在强调句
型中多用until。如果主
句中的谓语动词是瞬时
动词时，必须用否定形
式；如果主 句中的谓语动
词是延续性动词时，用肯
定和否定形式都可以，但
theatre was almost empty.
My father had left for
Canada just before the
letter arrived.
She didn’t even know
that it was an earthquake
till she saw a shaking
( moving from side to side)
light.
The fireman worked very
hard till the fire was out.
I’m waiting for my sister.
I won’t go to see my
uncle until she comes.
Wait until I finish what I
am doing.

表达的意思不同。
since 意为“自从，从…以来”。
引导从句的谓语动词可
以是延续性的动词，也 可
以是瞬时动词。一般情况
下，从句谓语动词用一般
过去时，而主句的谓语动
词用现在完成时。但在It
is +时间+since从句的句
型中，主句多用一般现在
时。
as soon
as
意为“一…就…”。引导
时间状语从句时，如果主
句用了将来时，从句 一般
使用现在时。

2.地点状语从句
引导词
where
用法
意为“哪里”。“where引导
的地点状语从句，（there+）
主句”“哪里…哪里就…”。
主句在从句后面时，there
示例
Where there is a will,
there is a way.
They were good
Tom will call me as soon
as he gets home.
I will call you as soon as I
arrive.
I have been studying hard
since I entered the high
school.
It is four years since my
sister lived in Beijing.
It is five years months
since our boss was not in
Beijing.
persons. Where they

可用可不用；主句在从句的
前面时，一般都不用there.
went, there they were
warmly welcomed.
You should have put
the book where you
found it.
wherever 意为“无论何地”。
anywherew herever引导
地点状语从句+主句。
anywhere本身是个副词，
但是常可 以引导从句，相当
于连词，意思相当于
wherever, anywhere引导
的 从句可位于主句之前，也
可以位于主句之后。而
wherever本身就是个连词，
表 示“在何处，无论何处”。


Wherever the sea is,
you will find seaman.
I’ll go anywhere you
go.

3.条件状语从句
引导词
if
用法
连词，意为“假如，如果”。
当主句是将来时的时候，
从句要用一般现在时。
示例
Don’t talk loudly at the
meeting. If you do, you
will have to leave.

We’ll go for a picnic if it
doesn’t
weekend.
unless 连词，意为“除非（=if
not）。当主句是将来时的
时候，从句要用一般现在
时。
Don’t
problems
discuss
with
the
your
rain this
partner unless you are
asked to do so.
I won’t go there unless
you come with me.

4.原因状语从句
引导词
as
用法
意为“因为”。引导原因
状语从句时表示附带。说
明“双方已知的原因 ”，
语气比since弱，较为正
式，位置较为灵活（常放
于主句之前）。
since 意为“因为”。引导的原
因状语从句一般放于主
句之前表示已知的、显然
的理由（通常被翻译成
示例
As the weather is cold, I
stay at home.
As it is raining, you’d
better take a taxi.
As you are tired, you’d
better rest.
Since the earth looks like
a ball, the sun can shine
on only half of it at a time.
Since the race is in April, I

“既然”），较为正式，语
气比because弱。
had to run throughout the
winter, and in Boston,
winters are cold.
Since everybody is here.
Let's begin our meeting.
because 意为“因为”。引导的原
因状语从句一般放于主
句之后，表述直接原因，
语气较强，最 适合why
引导的疑问句。Because
引导的原因状语从句有
时可以与becau se of短
语互换。
The woman prefers winter
because she can skate.
I’d like to collect stamps
because
interesting.
I’m very tired these days
because
physics.
He can’t come because
he is ill. = He can’t come
because of his illness.
of studying
they are
for 意为“因为”。引导的原
因状语从句并不说明主
句行为发生的直接原因，
只提供一些辅助性的补
充说明，for引导的原因
状语从句只 能放于主句
He must be ill, for he is
absent today.

He could not have seen
me, for I was not there.

之后，并且必须用逗号将
其与主句隔开。

5.目的状语从句
引导词
so that
用法
意为“以至，以便”。目
的状语的谓语常含有
may, might, can,
示例
Try to speak loud enough
so that people can hear you
clearly.
Mr. Green speaks very
loudly so that all the people
can hear him clearly.
in order
that
意为“为了”，相当于so
that. in order to后面可
以跟动词原形构成目的
状语，不是目的状语从
句。

6.结果状语从句
引导词
so…that
用法
意为“如此…以至于…”。
so+ .原级+that,
so是副词，只能修饰形容
示例
This year it has rained
so heavily in South
China that lots of
We shall let you know the
details soon in order that
you canmay make a
arrangements.
could, should, would
等情态动词。

词和副词。so还可与表示
数量的形容词many, few,
much, little(这四个形容
词表示多或少时)连用,形成
固定搭配。so+ many 或
few+复数可数名词+that;
so+ much或little+不可数
名词+that.
problems are caused.
The ice on the lake was
so thin that people
couldn’t skate on it.
Too often, we spend so
much time thinking
about the future that
we fail to enjoy the
present.
There are so few
notebooks that I can’t
give you any.
such..that 意为“如此…以至于…”。
有三种结构：
It’s such a wonderful
song that we all like
it.
Simon is such
person
such+a(an)+adj.+单数不
可数名词+that;
such(+adj.)+不可数名词
+that; such( + adj.) +复
数可数名词+that, such是
形容词，修饰名词或名词词
组。有时可与so…that句
型转换。
dishonest
that no one believes
him.
The boy is so young
that he can’t go to
school.= He is such a

young boy that he
can’t go to school.

7.让步状语从句
引导词
though
用法
意为“虽然”。不能和but
连用。 但是可以同yet(still)
连用，构成
示例
So it has lived up to
now though it isn't
strong at all.
Though they are twin
brothers, they don’t
look like each other.
Even if Even though
we could afford it, we
would afford it, we
wouldn’t go abroad
for our vacation.

though…yet(still).
though较普遍，常用于非
正式的口语 和书面语中。
even能和though组合表示
强调，在这里even
though=even if(no matter
if; though即使…也…)。
though可以独立用作副词，
常放在句末，意为all the
same(还是；仍然)或
however(可是；然而)。
although 意为“虽然”。不能和but
连用。但是可以同yet(still)连用，构成
Although he died
several years ago, I can
still remember the days

although…yet(still).
although 较为正式，语气
比though重，常用以强调
让步概念。 even不能和
although组合。
we spent together and
what he has taught me
about love.
Although we had little
food with us, we
decided to spend the
night in the car.

8. 比较状语从句
引导词
as…as...
用法
意为“和…一样”。表示同
级的比较。使用时要注意
第一个as为副词，第二个
as 为连词。其基本结构为：
as+.原级+as。若
有修饰成分，如twice,
three times, half, a
quarter等，则须置于第一
个as之前。
not as
so…as
意为“和…不一样，不如”。
也表示同级比较。
She is not so (as )
outgoing as her sister.
This dictionary is not
示例
She is very good at
painting. She can paint
as well as here teacher.
I ran out as quickly as
possible.

asso useful as you
think.

9.方式状语从句
引导词
as(just)as...so…
用法 < br>意为“犹如，就像”。引
导的方式状语从句通常
位于主句后，但在
(just) as...so…结构中
位于句首，这时as从句
带有比喻的含义，意为
“正如…，就 像”，多用
于正式文体。
as if as though 意为“就像，好像”。两
者的意义和用法相同，
引出的状语从句谓语多
用虚拟语气，表示与事
实相反，有时也 用述语
气，表示所说情况是事
实或实现的可能性较
大。常译作“仿佛…似
的， 好像…似的”。
If would never forget
here smile, or the
way her eyes shone
as if we were the
same age.
It looks as if the
weather may pick
up very soon.
示例
When in Rome, do
as the Romans do.
As water is to fish,
so air is to man.

练习一
一. 单项填空
1. _______ he’s old, he can still carry this heavy bag.
A. Though B. Since C. For D. So
2. ---Do you know if he _______ to play basketball with us?
---I think he will come if he ______ free tomorrow.
A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come;
will be
3. In the zoo if a child _____ into the water and can’t swim, the
dolphins may come up ______ him.
A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall; help D.
falls; helping
4. I don’t remember ________ he worked in that city when he was
young.
A. what B. which C. where D. who
5. We will stay at home if my aunt ________ to visit us tomorrow.
A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming
6. The police asked the children _______ cross the street ________
the traffic lights turned green.
A. not; before B. don’t; when C. not to; until D. not; after

7. I was late for class yesterday _______ there was something
wrong with my bike.
A. when B. that C. until D. because
8. I’ll go swimming with you if I ________ free tomorrow.
A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was
9. In the exam, the ________ you are, ______ the _______ mistakes
you will make.
A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more careful;
fewer D. more careful; less
10. You should finish your lessons _______ you go out to play.
A. before B. after C. when D. while
11. I hurried _____ I wouldn’t be late for class.
A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless
12. When you read the book, you’d better make a mark _______
you have any questions.
A. which B. that C. where D. though
13. The teacher raised his voice _______ all the students could
hear him.
A. for B. so that C. because D. in order
14. He took off his coat _______ he felt hot.
A. because B. as C. if D. since
15. It is ______ that we’d like to go out for a walk.

A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D.
such lovely a day
16. Mary had ______ much work to do that she stayed at her office
all day.
A. such B. so C. too D. very
17. _______ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work.
A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if
18. ______ the day went on, the weather got worse.
A. With B. Since C. While D. As
19. ______ well you can drive, you must drive carefully.
A. So long as B. In order that C. No matter how D.
The moment
20. Write to me as soon as you ________ to Beijing.
A. will get B. get C. getting D. got
二. 根据中文意思完成下列英语句子
1. 不管他跟我开什么玩笑，我都不生气。
I am not angry with him, _______ _______ ______ jokes he ______
on me.
2. 布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当做母亲。
Mrs Bruce was _______ kind to her students ______ they ______
her _____ their mother.
3. 只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。

Our parents will be pleased with our performance _____ _____
______ we try our best.
4. 你一到就给我打个好吗？
Will you please call me ______ ______ ______ you get to
Shanghai.
5. 这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。
The seven-year- old girl likes playing the piano ______ ______
______ she has kept practicing for two years.
6. 虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。
_______ _______ ______ _______, she kept on learning English by
herself.
7. 他长大后相当一名记者。
He wants to be a journalist ______ _______ _______ _______.
8. 无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。
_______ _______ windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first to
get to school.
9. 如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。
______ ______ ______ _____ _______ to protecting the
environment, the world will become much more beautiful.
10. 明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。
Li Ming didn’t come to school _______ _______ ______ ______.
练习二

1. The meeting didn't start___ everyone was there.
A. because B. until C. why D. if
2 .The boy ___ to bed ___ his mother came in.
A. went not; until B. didn't go; after C. went; until D. didn't go;
until
3. I won't believe you___ I have seen it with my own eyes.
A. before B. until C. after D. when
4 .He ___ home ___ she was satisfied ___ his answer yesterday.
A. didn't go; until; with B. wasn't go; after; to
C. doesn't go; before; with D. didn't go; until; to
5 .He ___ back until the work ___ done.
A. isn't; will be B. isn't; is C. won't be; will be D. won't be; is
6 .They didn't start the work ___ their teacher came back.
A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if
7. Tom will call me as soon as he ___ Shanghai.
A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to
8. I'm sure he'll come to see me before he ___ Beijing.
A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves
9. I will tell him the news as soon as he___ back.
A. come B. comes C. will come D. came
10. Tom has got a watch. He ___ it for two years. It _______ by his
father.

A. has bought; was bought B. has got; is bought , C. was bought;
has bought . D. has had; was bought
11. When he got to the station, the train ___.
A. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left
12. The boy told his father what he ___ in the street.
A. saw B. have seen C. had seen D. see
___ TV when the telephone ____.
A. watched; was ringing B. were watching; rang C. watch; rings D.
are watching; rang
the end of last term, I___ ten books.
A. had finished reading B. have finish reading C. had finish to read
D. finish read
15. I ___ you for a long time. Where ___ you ___?
A. didn't see; did; go B. didn't see; have; goneC. haven't seen; have;
been D. haven't seen; have; gone
16. Tom___ China for 3 years.
A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has been at
17. I won't go to see the film tonight, because I ___ my ticket.
A. lost B. have lost C. will lose D. didn't lose
18.-Hello! May I speak to Bob?
-Sorry, but he ___ for a month.
A. had been away B. was left C. left D. has been away

19. I ___ him since I began to live in the city.
A. know B. have known C. knew D. will know
Lan ___ already ___ in this school for two years.
A. was; studying B. will; study C. has; studied D. are; studying
didn't go to see the film yesterday ___ she was ill.
A. because B. but C. until D. if
22 May I sit nearer___I can see more clearly?
A. as if B. so that C. even if D. so
23. ___ you work hard, you will certainly succeed.
A. Though B. If C. Because D. For
24. ___ he came to study in the university, he has made much
progress in the study of English.
A. While B. When C. Since D. After
25. I'd like to go swimming _____ the water is not too cold.
A. for B. unless C. if D. whether
26. There are ___ many league members in class 2 ___ in Class 4.
A. both; and B. 'so; that C. either; or D. as; as
27. -Do you have a big library?
-No, we don't. At least, not___yours.
A. as big as B. as big than C. as bigger than D. bigger as
28. Suzhou is not ____ beautiful ____ Hangzhou.
A. as; than B. so; as C. even; than D. than

29. Iron is more useful ___ any other metal.
A. as B. than C. then D. so
30. I want to know ___ she is going to see a film.
A. if B. that C. what D. which
31. You are sure to pass the exam ___ you study hard.
A. if B. thoughC. that D. since
32. I'll go to see the film with you___I have time this evening.
A. whether B. so C. if D. when
33. ___ you study harder, you'll never pass the final exam.
A. If B. Until C. Unless D. Except
34. Although it was raining, still worked in the fields.
A. but they B. and they C. they D. and yet they
35 .___ there were only five soldiers left at the front, ___ they went
on fighting.
A. Because; so B. If; and C. Though; but D. Though;
36. ___ she is very old, ___ she can still work eight hours a day.
A. Because; so B. Though; but C. As; yet D. Though; yet
37. Please answer the question in a loud enough voice ___ all the
class may hear.
A. so, that B. or C. in order that D. and
38. Lift it up___I may see it.
A. though B. so that C. as D. than

39. I hurried___I wouldn't be late for class.
A. so B. so that C. if D. unless
40. We should go by bus ___ we can get there earlier.
A. as soon as B. where C. in order that D. as
41. The dictionary is so expensive ___ I can't buy it.
A. because B. when C. that D. if
42. I got there ___ late ___ I didn't see him.
A. too; to B. such; that C. so; that D. so; as
43. It is ___ hot in the room ___ we have to go out for a walk.
A. such; that B. so; that C. as; as D. such; as
44 He has___ an interesting book that we want to read it.
A. so B. such C. the same D. as

练习一答案
一. 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.A
11.B 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.B
二. 1. no matter what; plays that; regarded; as 3. as
long as 4. as long as
5. so much that 6. Though she was busy 7. when
he grows up
r it’s 9. If everyone makes a contribution 10.
because he was ill
练习二参考答案：

1-5B D B A D 6-10 A C D B D 11-15 B C B AC 16-20B B D B
C 21-25A B B C C
26-30 D A B B A 31-35 A C C C D 36-40 D C B B C 41-44 C C B
B