状语从句讲解及运用

状语从句
一、 时间状语从句
（一） whenwhileas
1. 从属连词when既可以引导一个持续性的动作，也可以引导一个短暂性的动作；
可用于主句动作和从句 动作同时发生，也可以用于从句动作先于主句动作发生
When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.
When the film ended, the people went back.
当when引导的 时间状语从句为系表结构，而且其主语和主句的主语一致时，
其表语又是一个名词时，就可以用as引导 的省略句来代替when引导的从句
As a young man(=when he was a young man),he was fond of hunting.
2. 从属连词while 引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比
Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.
3. 从属连词as可表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时完成，可翻译为“一
边怎么样，一边怎么样”
He hurried home, looking behind ad he went.
As time goes on, it’s getting warmer and warmer.
4. 如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时< br>间内正在进行的动作，此时when、while、as可进行互换。
WhenWhileAs I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.
（二） as soon asimmediatelydirectlyinstantlythe momentthe minutethe instantonce(一什
么就什 么)
这些从属连词引导的从句表示从句动作一发生，主句的动作随即发生
The moment I heard the voice, I knew my father was coming.
The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.
注意no sooner than 等结构

I had hardly got home when it began to rain.
Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.
（三） tilluntilnot until
1. 肯定句：主句的谓语动词必须是延续 性动词，主句、从句都为肯定式，意为“某
动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”
He remained there tilluntil she arrived.
You may stay here untiltill the rain stops.
2. 否定句：主句的谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式，意为“某动作指
导某时间才开始”
He won’t go to bed tilluntil she returns.
3. Till 不可以位于句首，而Until可以
4. Not until的强调与倒装
It was not until you told me that I had my idea of it.
Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.

（四） beforesince
1. 若表示“还未怎样就怎样，不到什么就怎样，还没来得及怎样就怎样”时，需用
连词before
We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.

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2. Before从句中谓语不用否定式
Before they reached the station ,the train had gone.
3. It will be +一段时间+before “还要多久才怎样”
It will be half a year before I come back.
It won’t be long before we meet again.
4. Since

5. 在“It is +一段时间 +since从句”句型中，since引导的从句的谓语动词若是持续性
动作，常理解为某一状态的终 止；若是终止性动词，则理解为某一动作的开始
It is 3 years since the war broke out.（终止性动作）
It is 3 years since I smoked .(持续性动作)=It is 3 years since I stopped smoking.
（五） every timeeach timenext timethe last timeany time
这些名词短语引导的时间状语从句时，表示“每当怎样，每次”
Every time I was in trouble, he would come to help me.
二、 地点状语从句
1． 引导地点状语从句的从属连词where, wherever 指具体地点时，从句可用于主句
之前或之后；表抽象条件的含义时，从句需放在主句之前
We should go where the Party needs us most.
Where there is a will , there is a way.
2． 注意区分where引导的定语从句与状语从句
You’d better make a mark where you have any questions .
You’d better make a mark at the place where you have any questions.
三、 原因状语从句
1.引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有becauseassince now that，每个连词的含义不
尽相同。
区别 能否回答
位置 内涵 语气 能否被强调
连词 why
直接因果
Because（因为） 主句前或后 强 能 能
关系
As（由于） 主句前或后
双方都知弱
不能 不能
Sincenow that
道的原因
主句前
（既然）
I was absent from the meeting because I was ill.
As it is raining, we shall not go to the park.
Now thatsince everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting.
2.此外，whenseeing that considering that 也可以表示原因，意为：既然；考虑到
It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could walk there in five minutes.
四、 目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的从属连词有so thatin order thatfor fear thatin case
1. so that in order that
两个连词意为“以便，为了”它们引导的状语从句中常用情态动词。In order that 比so
that正式，引导的状语从句可位于主句之前或之后，而so that 引导的从句 只能位于
主句之后。
I’ll speak slowly so that you can understand me.
In order that we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early.

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五、
六、
七、
八、
九、
2. for fear thatin case
引导目的状语从句时,for fear that 表示“害怕、担心某事会发生”；In case 表示“以防
出现某种情况”
Mary didn’t want to get out of bed, for fear that she might wake her baby .
Take your raincoat in case it rains.
结果状语从句
1.引导结果状语从句的从属连词有so such that



2.除结果状语从句外，too to enough to so as to等不定式也能表示结果

条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句的从属连词有if、unless、as so long as、in case(如果)、on condition
that（条件是）、 supposesupposing that、providingprovided that（如果）
SupposeSupposing (that) they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help?
You will fail the exam unless you study hard.
方式状语从句
引导方式状语从句的从属连词有asas if as though， 方式状语从句应该位于主句之
后，其中 as ifthough引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从 句所陈述的情况很有可
能实现，也可以用陈述语气。
Do as you are told to ,or you will be fired.
The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.
I feel as if I have a fever.
让步状语从句
1. thoughalthough even though even if
He is unhappy .though he has much money.
Even though it is raining ,we will go there.
Even if I were busy , I would go.
2. whetherno matter+ wh -=wh-ever
Whether you believe it or not, it is true.
Whoever you are, you must obey the rules.
3. whenwhile也可作从属连词表让步，while常位于句首，when常 在句中，相当于
although
We had only two books when we needed five.
While I admit that there are problems, I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.
比较状语从句
as、 not asso as









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状语从句练习
a lot of people ______(say) a film is not good, I ________(not bother) to see it , or I
______( wait) until it ____________(come) out on DVD.
call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon , or _______it is convenient to you.
A whenever B however C whichever D wherever
we _________(have )enough evidence, we______(not win ) the case.
’s life has value_________ one brings value to the life of others.
A so that B no matter how C as long as D except that
medicine works more effectively _______ you drink some hot water after taking it.
A as B until C although D if
6.___________you may have, you should me gather your courage to face the challenge.
A However a serious problem
B What a serious problem
C However serious a problem
D What serious a problem
7._______ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it ,
they could not arrest him.
A Although B As long as C If only D As soon as
8.I took my driving license with me on holiday , _______ I wanted to hire a car.
A in case B even if C ever since D if only
police officers in our city work hard _______ the rest of us can live a safe life.
A in case B as if C in order that D only if
, we will begin ________ we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.
A when B where C how D what
_______(be) three years since she _______(be) in our class.
your key with a neighbor ________ you lock yourself out one day.
A ever since B even if C soon after D in case
all know that __________, the situation will get worse.
A not if dealt carefully with
B if not carefully dealt with
C if dealt not carefully with
D not if carefully dealt with
so busy. He can’t afford enough time with his son ______he wants to.
A even if B as if C because D before
matter how___________, it is not necessarily lifeless.
A a desert may be dry
B dry a desert may be
C may a desert be dry
D dry may a desert be


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