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初中英语状语从句讲解

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2020-10-25 03:00
tags:时间状语从句

saloon-进的反义词

2020年10月25日发(作者:莫士光)


初中英语状语从句讲解

1. 时间状语从句
2. 条件状语从句
3. 原因状语从句
4. 结果状语从句
5. 比较状语从句
6. 目的状语从句
7. 让步状语从句
8. 地点状语从句
2. 用来修饰主句中的 动词,副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语
从句可分为时间状语从句,地点状语从句,条件 状语从句, 原因状语从句,
结果状语从句,比较状语从句,目的状语从句,让步状语从句。
1. 时间状语从句
(1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until,
as soon as等连词来引导。例如:
It was raining hard when got to school yesterday.
While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang.
As he walked along the lake, he sang happily.
He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.
After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.
(2)在时间状语从句里,通常不用将来时态,用现在时态表示将来的动作或
状态。例如:
I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York.
I will tell him everything when he comes back.
He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.
(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里,如果主 句用
肯定式,其含义是“一直到……时”,谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主
句用否定式,其 含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语
动词可用瞬间动词。例如:
The young man read till the light went out.
Let’s wait until the rain stops.
We won’t start until Bob comes.
Don’t get off until the bus stops.
2. 条件状语从句
(1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如:
What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?
Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to.
(2)在条件状语从句里,谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。
例如:
I’ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow.
He won’t be late unless he is ill.


(3)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从
句的复合句。例如:
Hurry up, or you’ll be late.
=If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.
Study hard and you will pass the exam.
=If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
3. 原因状语从句
(1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如:
He didn’t come to school because he was ill.
As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo.
Since you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else.
(2)because表示直 接原因,语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在
主句之后。回答由why提出的问题,只 能用because。As和since语气较弱,
一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导 的原因状语从居多放在句首。
例如:
------Why aren’t going there?
------Because I don’t want to.
As he has no car, he can’t get there easily.
Since we have no money, we can’t buy it.
(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。
4. 结果状语从句
(1)结果状语从句由so…that, such…that, so that引导。例如:
He is so poor that he can’t buy a bike for his son.
She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.
My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldn’t see it.
(2)so…that语such...that可以互换。例如:
在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中,so是副词,与形容词连用。其结构
是: “...so + 形容词(副词)+ that + 从句”。例如:
He was so glad that he couldn’t say a word.
The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.
Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.
在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中,such是形容词,它修饰的可以是
单数或复数可数 名词,也可以是不可数名词;名词前面可以带形容词,也可
不带。如果是单数可数名词,前面需加不定冠 词a或an。例如:
It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.
He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.
He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.
有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如:
It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.
=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.
It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it.
=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.
(3)如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时,只能用so, 不用
such。例如:


Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.
He has so little time that he can’t go to the cinema with you.
5. 比较状语从句
比较状语从句通常由as…as, 比较级 + than…等连词引导。例如:
Tom runs faster than John does.
This classroom is as big as that one.
6. 目的状语从句
(1)目的状语从句通常由 so that, in order that引导。例如:
We started early so that we could catch the first train.
He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.
We used the computer in order that we might save time.
(2)so that既可引导目的状语从句,又可引导结果状语 从句。区别这两种从
句的办法有两个:1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may,
might等。2)从意思上看,目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如:
Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句)
Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (结果状语从句)
7. 让步状语从句
(1)让步状语从句通常由although, though等连词引导。例如:
Though he is young, he knows a lot.
Although I am tired, I must go on working.
(2)although(though)不能用在同一个句子中。例如:
我们不能说:Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.
应该说:Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或It was raining
hard, but he still went out.
8. 地点状语从句
地点状语从句常常由where来引导。例如:
Go where you like.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
【实例解析】
will stay healthy _______ you do more exercise, such as running
and walking.
A. if B. how C. before D. where
答案: A。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从意思上看,从句
应是一个条件状语从句,在这四个 选项中只有if能引导条件状语从句,所以选
A。
2. ---Shall we go on working?
---Yes, _________ I prefer to have a rest.
A. when B. if C. because D. though
答案:D。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从意思上看,只有
选though才能说得通。
of us knew what had happened _________ they told us about it.
A. when B. until C. after D. though
答案:B。该题考查的是引导状 语从句的从属连词选择。本句的意思是“在……


以前我们没人知道这件事。”要表达着一 意思应用“not…until” 这一句型。
4.---I hope you’ll enjoy your trip, dear!
---Thank you, mum. I’ll give you a call _________ I get there.
A. until B. as soon as C. since D. till
答 案:B。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。本题的意思是“一
到那里,我就给你打电话。” 要表达这个意思应选用as soon as。
状语从句专项练习
I .填入适当的引导词

1. I haven't heard from him _____ he went to America .
won't be here _____ he is invited .
3. He will not go to the cinema _____ he is very busy .
4. We found the key _____ she lad left it .
5. We found the books two days ____ he had gone away .
6. We had no sooner got to the station _____ the train left .
7. He speaks English ______ he were an Englishman .
is explaining clearly _______ they could understand .
9. Do not leave the room _____ you have finished the test .
10. She sang ______ she went along .
II.改错
1. The children were running on the playground as fast as they can .
her husband had died , so she had to support her family .
won't go out until his mother will come .
was very foolish that he didn't pass such an easy exam .
had gone out as soon as his mother got home .
was three months since he came to our school .
playground of our school is larger than their school .
streets in Nanjing are wider than Shanghai .
er there is plenty of sun and rain , the fields are green .
10. She sings songs as if she is a bird .
III. 找出从句并指出是那类从句
1. It depends on whether we have enough time .
question he asked was where the electrical equipment should be stored .
3. The mountain is no longer what it used to be .
4. The fact that she works hard is well known to us all .
5. He was not the man that he was before .
6. Now you was free , why not go swimming with us ?
7. Where there are schools and colleges , there are examinations .
8. Bad habits , once firmed , are difficult to give up .
often wears the same kind of skirt as her twin sister does .
10 .The moment he opened the window , a bird flew in .
IV.填入适当的引导词完成句子
1.____ will do the experiment comes to the professor's office .


2. ___ will do the experiment hasn't been decided .
3. The teacher didn't leave ______ twelve o'clock .
4. ______ the day went on , the weather got worse .
5. _____ she is young , she knows quite a lot .
6. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey .
7. You will be late ____ you leave immediately.
and get your coat . It's ______ you left it .
9.______ is mentioned above , the number of the students in senior high schools is
increasing .
10. ____ had I entered the room ____ the phone rang .
V. 改错
this the watch for which he is looking now ?
2. This is all which I can do for you .
you know the old man at the back of the room, whom has been chosen head of the
factory .
4. I want to know the way which you learn new words .
5. Can you tell me that there's a bookstore near here ?
6. Our school quite different from that it was before .
7. If she likes the present is not clear to me .
she is ill , she hasn't come to school .
9. It gave him so a big shock that his face turned pale .
10. He is cleverer than any boy in his class .


参考答案:
I、 e if that
II、1. can 改为could 2.去掉so come改为 comes 4. very改为 so soon as 改为when
改为is 之后加上that of 后加 those in er改为 wherever 10.
is改为 were
III、r we have enough time 介词宾语从句
asked 定语从句 where the electrical equipment should be stored表语从句
it used to be 表语从句
4. that she works hard 同位语从句
5. that he was before 定语从句
you was free 让步状语从句 now= now that
there are schools and colleges 地点状语从句
8. once firmed 时间状语从句
9. as her twin sister does 定语从句
10. The moment he opened the window 时间状语从句
IV、r 2. Who gh 10 Hardly, when ( No
sooner , than )
V、 放在looking 之后 改为 that 改为who 改为 how
改为 whether 改为what 改为 Whether 改为Because 改为 such 后
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