中考英语思维导图-状语从句 (1)

什么是状语
英语中,修饰动词、形容词、副词等的句子成分叫状语（adverbial)。
状语的功用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、
方式和伴随状况等。
状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短
语来担当。其 位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。
副词是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式
等概念。
什么是状语从句
状语从句 （Adverbial Clause） 状语从句指句子用作状 语时，起副词作用的句
子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为< br>时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一
般由连词(从属连 词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗
号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号 隔开。

考点：状语从句不仅是初中英语学习的重点，而且也是每年中考必考的内容之一。< br>命题主要集中在引导状语从句的连词、状语从句的时态等方面；从九大状语从句
来看，应将复习重 点放在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、结果状语从句和比较状
语从句这四种上。

各类状语从句连接词（短语）一览表：

时间 when, while, as, as soon as, since, until, after, before

条件 If, unless

原因 As, because, since

地点 Where

目的 So that, in order that

结果 So that, so…that, such…that

让步 though, although, even if, however

方式 As

比较 than, (not)as…as,





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引导条件状语从句的连接词主要有：if（如果）、unless（除非）或 as long
as（只要）等。unless在意思上等于if……not.
一、条件状语从句用法
1、引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if，由if引导的条件状语从句表示
在某种条件下 某事很可能发生。如：
If you ask him, he will help you.如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。
If you fail in the exam, you will let him down.如果你考试不及格，
你会让他失望的。
另外，if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一
种虚拟的条件或假设，从句多 用一般过去时或过去完成时。如:If I were you, I
would invite him to the party.如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。
2、unless = if……not. 除非，若不，除非在……的时候
例如：Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.
=If you are not too tired, let's go out for a walk.
Unless it rains, the game will be played.除非下雨，比赛将照常进行。
3、soas long as只要
例句；You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean. 只要你
保持书的清 洁，你就可以把我的书借去。
So long as you're happy, it doesn't matter what you do. 只要你高兴，
你做什么都没有关系。
二、时态问题
在条件状语从句中，要 注意“主将从现”的规定，即主句用一般将来时，从
句用一般现在时表示将来时。例句: I will come to see you if I have time.
我有时间，我就来看你。
常见考法
对于条件状语从句的考查，多以单选和完形填空的形式，从时态的角度设题 ，
考查学生灵活运用的能力，或从连词的意义角度让大家选择连词。
典型例题：If he ___in half an hour, we ___wait for him.
A. won't come, won't 't come, don't
't come, won't come, don't
解析：本题考查条件状语从句“主将 从现”的运用。题干的意思是“如果他
一小时后不来，我们将不会等他了”，从“in half an hour”，“一小时后”
可知本句说的是未来的事，那么if引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示 将
来时，主句要用一般将来时。
答案：C

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误区提醒
if 既可以引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，也可以引 导宾语从句，表达
“是否”。辨别它在这两种从句中的时态是我们经常容易出错的地方。另外，if
和unless的用法也需注意。
典型例题： ——I wonder if your wife to the party.
----If your wife _________, so will mine。.
A. will go, go B. will go, goes
, will go D. will go, will go
解析：第一句中if表示“是否”，引导宾语从句，用将来时will go；第
二句“如果你的妻子去 ，我的妻子也去”，if引导条件状语从句，用一般现在
时表示将来时。your wife，单三人称主语，所以用goes.
答案：B
知识点总结
结果状语从句是补充说明主句中谓语动词发生的结果的，结果状语从句常由
so… that或 such…that引导。要掌握这两个句型，我们首先来了解一下so 和
such与其后的词的搭配规律。
1、such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，such（+aan）（+形容词）+名
词+that；例如：
such a good book, such nice girls
2、so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词，“so+形容词副词+that”。例如：
so nice, so slowly
一般情况下，such+a+形容词+名=so+形容词+aan+名 例如：
so nice a flower = such a nice flower
表达“如此多少”时，常用so ，so与表示数量的形容词many, few, much,
little连用，形成固定搭配。例如：so many people
so… that和 such…that都可译成“如此的···以至于···”，二者
可以互换，（当so修 饰副词的时候，二者往往不互换） 例句：
The boy is so young that he can't go to school.
He is such a young boy that he can't go to school.
常见考法
对于结果状语从句的考查，多以单选和完形填空的形式，从连词的意义角度
让大家选择连词。
典型例题：His plan was such a good one ____ we all agreed to accept
it.
A. so B. and C. that D. as
解析：题干的意思是“他的计划如此好以至于我们都同意接受它”，that
与前面的such呼应， 引导结果状语从句。
答案：A
误区提醒

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结果状语从句中。除了要注意so… that和 such…that的区别外，还要注
意它们和too……to do（太···而不能····）和enough +形容词副词+to
do（足够的···可以···）的转换。
典型例题：Ann is too young to go to school.（同义句转换）
Ann
is
go to school.
解析：原句的意思是“安太小了而不能去上学”。那也就是说“安是如此的
小，以至于她不能去上学”， 根据所给出的空数，可以用so… that句型。
答案：so young that she can't
知识点总结
在复合句中，由时间连接词引导的状语从句叫做时间状语从句。时间状语从
句通常由when, while, as, after, before, since, until等词引导。
一、时间状语从句种类
1、引导的从句表示主从句的动作同时发生，或从句的动作在主句之前。w hen
引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。例如：
When she came in, I stopped eating.她进来时，我停止吃饭。（瞬时动
词）
When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.
当我住在农村时，我常常为他担水。（延续性的动词）
We were about to leave when he came in.我们就要离开，就在那时他进
来了。
2、While引导的从句的谓语动作必须是 延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动
作同时发生（或者相对应）。并且while有时还可以表示对比。例 如：While my
wife was reading the newspaper， I was watching TV. （was reading是延
续性的动词，was reading和was watching同时发生）I like playing football
while you like playing basketball.我喜欢踢足球，而你喜欢打篮球。（对比）
3、As表示“一边……一边 ”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主
句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调“一先一后。 例如：We always sing as
we walk.我们总是边走边唱。（as表示”一边……一边“）As we was going out,
it began to snow.当我们出门时，开始下雪了。（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间）
4、由before和after引导的时间状语从句，表示两个动作一前一后发生。
例如：It will be four days before they come back. 他们要过四天才能
回来。
After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.你仔细
考虑过以后，告诉我你是怎样决定的。
5、由till或unti l引导的时间状语从句。till和until一般情况下两者
可以互换，但是在强调句型中多用unt il.并且要注意的是：如果主句中的谓语

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动词是瞬时动词时， 必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，
用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同 。till不可以用在句首，而until
可以放在句首。例如：
I didn't go to bed until（till）my father came back.直到我父亲回来
我才上床睡觉。
I worked until he came back.我工作到他回来为止。
6、由since引导的时间状语从句表示“自从……以来”。
I have been in Beijing since you left. 自从你离开以来，我一直在北
京了。
7、由as soon as引导的时间状语从句表示“一……就”。例如：
As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up. 我一到加拿大，就给
你来电话。
二、时态问题
在状语从句中，有“主将从现”的规定，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般
现在时表示将来时。例句：I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.
我到北京就将给你打电话。（这是由as soon as引导的时间状语从句，从句中
的谓语 动词arrive是一般现在时，表示一般将来时，决不可用will arrive）
常见考法
对于时间状语从句的考查，多以单选和完形填空的形式，从连词的意义角度
让大家选择连词 ，或从时态的角度设题，考查学生灵活运用的能力。
典型例题：I'm sure he will jump up when he the good news.
A . know B will know C. knows D knowing
解 析：本题考查学生时间状语从句的时态问题。时间状语从句中，主句若是
一般将来时，从句应用一般现在 时表示将来时。从句的主语是单三人称，所以排
除 A .
答案： C
误区提醒
When既可以引导时间状语从句，也可以引导宾语从句，辨别它在这两种从
句 中的时态是我们经常容易出错的地方。
典型例题：I don't know when he next week. when he ,
please let me know.
A. comes, comes B. will come, will come
C. will come, comes D. comes, will come
解析：第一句话“我不知道他下周什么时候来”，when引导宾语从句 ，表
示将来时，就用一般将来时will come；第二句话“当他来的时候，请让我知道”，
when引导时间状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来时，所以用 comes.
答案： C
比较状语从句

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比较状语从句一般是指含有比较级 的句子中由as或than引起的从句。从某
种角度上说，它也是一种方式状语从句，例如：
He moves more slowly than his sister does. 他行动起来比他妹妹慢。
He works as hard as his brother（does）. 他学习和他哥哥一样努力。
常见考法
对于让步和比较状语从句的考查，多以单选和完形填空的形式，从连词的意
义角度让大家选择连词。
典型例题：it is very late now, the workers are still working in the
factory.
A Although B As C When D If
解析：本题考查 让步状语从句的连词的用法。根据句意“尽管现在很晚了，
工人们仍然在工厂工作”，前后有转折关系， 是让步状语从句。
误区提醒
用thoughalthough, as 引导让步状语从句时，句中不能用but表示转折
语气。例如：
不能说：Though he looks weak, but he is healthy.
而要说：Though he looks weak, he is healthy.
或者说：He looks weak, but he is healthy.
典型例题：Though it rained heavily yesterday, he got to school on
time.
A but B C and
解析：题干的 意思是“尽管昨天下大雨了，他还是按时到达了学校”，前后
是转折关系，有同学可能会选A，但hou ghalthough和but不能同时使用，所
以选B.
答案：B

















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状语从句练习
1. ________ we gave him something to eat, he would save it up for his little sister.
A. Whatever B. However
C. Whenever D. Whichever
2. Hard-working though he was, ________ there was never enough money to pay
the bills.
A. B. and
C. but D. therefore
3. Much hard ________ he tried，he flailed to catch up with the first runner.
A. although B. as
C. while D. when
4. I got in touch with Charles ________ I received his letter.
A. when immediately B. soon
C. immediately D. suddenly
5. We were just ________ calling you up ________ you came in.
A. about; when B. on the point of; while
C. on the point of; when D. on the point of; as

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6. Most of his great novels and plays were not published or known to the public
________ his tragic (悲剧) death in 1786.
A. even before B. ever since
C. until after D. until before
7. Mr. Saddam Hussein had to go with the American soldiers, ________ .
A. no matter he likes or not B. no matter he should like it or not
C. no matter whether he likes or not D. no matter he may like it or not
8. ________ , I have to put it away and focus (集中)my attention on study this
week.
A. However the story is amusing B. No matter amusing the story is
C. However amusing the story is D. No matter how the story is amusing
9. Most animals have little connection with animals of a different kind,
________ they hunt them for food.
A. if B. while
C. unless D. as
10. ________ he thought he was helping us with the work, he was actually in the
way.
A. Although B. Unless
C. Because D. When
11. Babies sleep l6 to l8 hours in every 24 hours, and they sleep less ________
they grow older.
A. while B. as
C. when D. after
12. I have been keeping the portrait ________ I can see it every day, as it always
reminds me of my childhood in Paris.
A. since B. where

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C. as D. if
13. ________ your composition carefully, some spelling mistakes can be
avoided.
A. Having checked B. Check
C. If you check D. To check
14. I would never speak to someone like that ________ they said something
unpleasant to me.
A. even if B. so that
C. as if D. ever since
15. －Did you remember to return the book to our English teacher?
－Yes. I gave it to him ________ I saw him.
A. once B. while
C. if D. the moment
16. A warning news report from Qatar announces that a group of Islam will
continue to kill Americans wherever they are ________ they leave the Arab world
forever.
A. even though B. in case
C. whenever D. until
17. —May I go now?
— ________ you’ve finished your work, you may go.
A. After B. Although
C. Now that D. As soon as
18.
A. Where; with B. When; in
C. That; in D. Why; with

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19. He seemed to have been asleep, so I said nothing, but sat ________ he would
see me ________ waking.
A. whether; when B. that；when
C. which；where D. where；when
20. It will be five years ________ we meet again.
A. since B. until
C. before D. when
21. Never lose heart ________ difficulty you may meet with.
A. what B. whatever
C. how D. however
22. ________ we are allowed ________ , we can’t drink any beer.
A. As long as; to do B. If; to
C. Unless; to D. On condition that; doing so
23. You can still find bones of the birds ________ they used to live.
A. in which B. in the place
C. where D. that
24. How can they learn anything ________ they spend all their spare time
watching TV?
A. where B. when
C. while D. but
25. ________ I admit that there are problems, I don’t agree that they cannot be
solved.
A. While B. If
C. As D. Unless

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26. “________ my feet remain standing above the water level, there is hope...”
said the captain.
A. Where B. Even if
C. While D. Although

1. A. 因为gave后面已经有表示物的直接宾语了，排除 代词A、C、和D。however
意为“无论如何”；whenever意为“每当…”，根据句意， 只有选C，意义才通。
2. A. 因为前面已经连词though了，所以不再需要连词了。Hard-working
though he was=Although he was hard-working。
3. B. 因为as引导让步状语从句，要求将从句的表语或状语等放到句首。而
although, while 表示让步时，都用正常语序；另外，though引导的让步状语从句，
其表语或状语等可提前也可不提 前。
4. C. 因为immediately, instantly, directly和the moment, the instant, the minute
等都可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as。
5. C. 因为表示“正要做某事时，突然又发生另一件事”的句型是：was were
just about to do sth. when…did…或was were just on the point of doing sth.
when…did…
6. C. 因为not…until…“直到…才…”，再接before语意上不通，要用after。
7. C. 因为no matter后一定要接疑问词或whether。
8. C. 引导状语从句时no matter how=however，其后接形容词或副词，只有
C正确。
9. C. unless“除非、如果不”。句意是：大多数动物与其它不同种类的动物都
没有什么联系，除非是把它们猎为食物。
10. A. 句意是：虽然他认为他在帮我们做工，但事实上他是在挡事。
11. B. 表示主、从句的谓语动词同时变化的“随着…”只能用as。
12. B. 因为keep the portrait (把照片放在…)后面一定是指所放的“地方”了，
所以用where (在…的地方) 引导一个地点状语从句。
13. C. 因为非谓语动词的逻辑主语就是句子的 主语，mistakes不能check，
排除A和D；若用B，则前后是两个句子，又无连词，排除B 。

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14. A. 只有先A，前后意义才通：even if即使、纵然；so that为了、以便；
as if. 好象；ever since从(那时)到现在。
15. D. 因为the moment可作连词，与as soon as相当。
16. D. until (直到…)与肯定句连用，引出的时间是主句谓语动词结束的时间。
even though即使；in case以防万一；whenever每当、无论何时。
17. C. 因为now that =since“既然”。
18. A. 因为with pride (骄傲地) 是固定短语；where (在…的地方) 引导一个
地点状语从句，
19. D. 由where引导一个地点状语从句，表示坐 (sat) 的地方；后面是带有
连词的现在分词作时间状语，when waking=when he woke。
20. C. 因为It will be +时间段+ before…是固定句式，意为“过…之后才…”。
句意是：要过五年之后，我们才会再次见面。
21. B. 因为whatever = no matter what引导一个让步状语从句 ，并作difficulty
的定语。句意是：你无论遇到什么困难，也决不要灰心丧气。
22. C. 句意是：如果不允许我们喝啤酒，我们就不能喝。
23. C. 因为无先行词， 不是定语从句，而是由where引导的一个地点状语从
句。句意是：在它们过去居住的地方，你仍然可 以找到鸟的骨头。
24. B. 题中when=since既然。句意是：既然他们把所有的空 闲时间都用来
看电视了，他们还能学到什么呢？
25. A. 因为while可以表示让步，与although相当，意为“虽然”。
26. C. 因为while有“只要”之意，与as long as相当。又如：While there is life,
there is hope. 只要有生命，就会有希望。留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。













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1. ----Do you know ? ----Next year.
A. when he came here B. when did he come here
C. when he will come here D. when will he come here （2003北京）
2． Could you tell us ?
you will send the fridge to our house
will you send the fridge to our house
you would send the fridge to our house
would you send the fridge to our house （2003河南）
3． I don’t know if he . If he , please let me know.
A. comes, comes B. will come, will come C. will come, comes D. comes,
will come
4. He said he wanted to be a doctor when he .
A. grow up B. will grow up C. grew up D. would grow up
5. ----I wonder if your wife will go to the party.
----If your wife _________, so ________.
A. does, does she B. will, will mine C. does, will mine D. will, will I (06
兰州)
6. Your teacher will be unhappy if you _______ to school late.
A. come B. will come C. are coming D. came (06宁夏)
7. We’ll go to the farm and help the farmers with the apple-picking if it ____
tomorrow.
A. won’t rain B. will be rainy C. doesn’t rain D. isn’t raining (06
宁波)
8. There is going to _______ a sports meeting next week. If it ________, we’ll have
to cancel it.
A. be, will rain B. have, will rain C. be, rains (06广东)
9. We haven’t decided if _________.
A. will we take a field trip B. we take a field trip C. we’ll take a field trip (06
广东)

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10. ----Did you ask your pen pal _________?
----Yes, he will visit Taiyuan after the exam.
A. what he will do B. when he would come C. how he would get here (06太
原)

参考答案及解析：
1. C know后接宾语从句。宾语从句部分谈及未来的事情，所以应该用一般将
来时、陈述句词序。
2. A 道理同上。本题的could应该理解为一般现在时，用could时语气比用can
委婉。
3. C 本题的第一处是宾语从句，第二处是条件状语从句。
4. C 本题when 后接时间状语从句，用一般过去时表示过去将来的概念。句子
结构应该是多重复合句。第一个主句是He said，其后整个为其宾语。而且这个
宾语是一个含有时间状语从句的复合句。
5. C 第一处是条件状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来；第二处主句用一般将来
时。
6. A 条件状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来。
7. C 条件状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来。
8. C 第一处为There be 结构，第二处为条件状语从句。
9. C 本句为宾语从句
10. B 本句为宾语从句，谈论的是过去的将来。

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