钱其琛-字字开头的成语
状语从句
状语从句
状语从句 用来修饰主句中的动词, 副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。
语从句,地点状语从句,条件状语从句,
根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状
原因状语从句,结果状语从句,比较状语从句,目的状语从句,让
步状语从句。
1. 时间状语从句
(1)
时间状语从句常用 when, as, while, before, after, since,
till, until, as soon as
等连词来引导。例如:
It
was raining hard ( rain hard 下大雨)
when
got to school yesterday.
While he was doing
his homework, the telephone rang.
As he walked
along (沿着走)
the lake, he sang happily.
He had learned a little Chinese before he came
to China.
After he finished middle school, he
went to work in a factory.
(2)
在时间状语从句里,通常不用将来时态,用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如:
I ’ ll
ring you up as soon as I get to New York.
I
will tell him everything when he comes back.
He won ’ t believe it until he sees it with
his own eyes.
(3) 在带有 till 或 until
引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里,如果主句用肯定式,其含义是
谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式,其含义是
动词可用瞬间动词。例如:
“直到
“一直到
时 ”,
才 ” , 在“ 以前不 ” , 谓语
The young man read till the
light went out (熄灭) .
Let ’ s wait until the
rain stops.
We won’ t start until Bob comes.
Don’get off (从下来)
until the bus stops.
【
Till
是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候,而在那个时刻之后,该事情或状况仍将持续。
时候,而讲话的人在自己心里认为,
night ,tilluntil
是不能替换的,】
Until
是指直到某一特定事件发生的
在那个时刻之后, 该事情或该状况将中止 (不怎么可能持续) 。固定组合里
from morning till
2. 条件状语从句
(1) 条件状语从句通常由 if,
unless 引导。例如:
What shall we do if it snows
tomorrow?
Don’ t leave thebuilding unless I
tell you to.
(2)
在条件状语从句里,谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如:
I ’ ll help
you with your English if am free tomorrow.
He
won ’ t be late unless he is ill.
(3) “使句祈 +
and (or)+ 陈述句 ” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如:
Hurry up, or you
’ ll be=Iflateyou.
don
’ t hurryp,you
’ ll be late.
Study hard and you will pass the exam. =If you
study hard, you will pass the exam.
3. 原因状语从句
(1) 原因状语从句通常由
because, since, as引导。例如:
He didn ’ t come to school because he was
ill.
As it is raining, we shall not
(不得;不应该)
go the zoo.
1
状语从句
Since you can ’
t answer the question, I
’
ll ask someone else.
(2)because 表示直接原因, 语气最强。
Because 引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。
只能用 because。As 和
since 语气较弱,一般用来表示明显的原因。由
在句首。例如:
回答由
why 提出的问题,
as和 since 引导的原因状语从居多放
------ Why aren ’ t going there?
------ Because I don
’
t want to.
As he has no car, he can’ t get
there easily.
Since we have no money, we
can
’ t buy it.
(3)because 和 so 不能
同用在一个句子里。
4. 结果状语从句
(1) 结果状语从句由 so that, such
that, so
引that导。例如:
He is so poor that he can
’ t buy a bike for his son.
She is such a
good teacher that everybody likes her.
My
pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldn
’ t see it.
(2)
so that语 such...that 可以互换。例如:
在由 so...that
引导的结果状语从句中, so 是副词,与形容词连用。 其结构是 :
+ 从句
”。例如:
He was so glad that he couldn
’
t say a word.
“...so + 形容词(副词) + that
The
hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.
Mother lives so far away that we
hardly ever (几乎不,从来不)
在由 such that
引导的结果状语从句中,
是不可数名词; 名词前面可以带形容词,
see
her.
such 是形容词,它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词,也可以
a 或
an。例如:
也可不带。 如果是单数可数名词, 前面需加不定冠词
It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do
anything.
He had such long arms that he
could almost touch the ceiling. (天花板)
He
made such rapid progress that he did very well in
the mid-term.
有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如:
It was such a wonderful film that all of us
wanted to see it again.
=The film was so
wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.
It is such an important match that nobody
wants to miss it.
=The match is so
important that nobody wants to miss it.
(3) 如果名词前由 many, much, little, few
等词修饰时,只能用
so,
不用 such。例如:
Soon there were so many deer that
they ate up all the wild roses.
He has so
little time that he can go to the cinema’t
(去看电影)
with you.
5. 比较状语从句
比较状语从句通常由
as as, 比较级 + than 等连词引导。例如:
Tom runs faster than John does.
This
classroom is as big as that one.
6. 目的状语从句
(1) 目的状语从句通常由 so
that, in order that (为了,以便)引导。例如:
2
状语从句
We started
early so that we could catch the first train.
He studies hard so that he could work better
in the future.
We used the computer in
order that we might save time.
(2)so that
既可引导目的状语从句,又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个:
1)
目的状语从句
里往往带有情态动词
can, could, may,
might 等。2) 从意思上看,目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。
Speak
clearly so that they may understand you. ( 目的状语从句
)
Jack is badly ill so that he has to
rest.
( 结果状语从句 )
7. 让步状语从句
(1)
让步状语从句通常由 although, though 等连词引导。例如:
Though
he is young, he knows a lot.
Although I am
tired, I must go on working.
(2)although(though) 不能用在同一个句子中。例如:
我们不能说:
Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.
应该说: Though it was raining hard, he still went
out.
或 It was raining hard, but he still
went out.
8. 地点状语从句
地点状语从句常常由
where 来引导。例如:
Go where you like.
Where
there is a will, there is a way.
总结:
状语从句分类及常用连词:
类别 连 词
时间状语从句
when,
whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till,
once (一旦)
地点状语从句
where, wherever
原因状语从句
because, since, as, for, now
that(既然,由于) etc. ( et cetera,等于 and so on)
目的状语从句
in order that( 为了,以便 ), so that,
that, etc.
结果状语从句 so that, so that, suchthat,
that, etc.
条件状语从句
if, unless, as(so)long
as, etc.
让步状语从句
though, although, even if,
even though, however, whatever, as, etc.
比较状语从句 as as, so as, than, etc.
方式状语从句
as, as if, as though, etc.
练习一
一 .
单项填空
1. _______ he
’ s old, he can
still carry this heavy bag.
A. Though B. Since
C. For D. So
2. ---Do you know if he _______
to play basket ball with us?
---I think he
will come if he ______ free tomorrow.
A.
comes; is B. comes; will be
C. will come;
is
D. will come; will be
例如:
3
状语从句
3. In the zoo if a child _____
into the water and can
’ t swim, the
dolphins may come up ______ him.
A. will fall;
to help
B. falls; to help C. will fall;
help D. falls; helping
4. I don ’ t remember
________ he worked in that city when he was young.
A. what B. which
C. where D. who
5. We will stay at home if my aunt ________ to
visit us tomorrow.
A. comes B. come C.
will come D. is coming
6. The police
asked the children _______ cross the street
________ the traffic lights turned green.
A.
not; before B. don ’ t; whenC. not to; until D.
not; after
7. I was late for class
yesterday _______ there was something wrong with
my bike.
A. when B. that C. until D. because
8. I ’ ll go swimming with you if I
________ free tomorrow.
A. will be B.
shall be C. am D. was
9. In the exam,
the ________ you are, ______ the _______ mistakes
you will make.
A. careful; little
B.
more careful; fewest C. more careful; fewer D.
more careful; less
10. You should finish your
lessons _______ you go out to play.
A.
before B. after C. when D. while
11. I
hurried _____ I wouldn
’ t be late for
class.
A. since B. so that
C. as if D. unless
12. When you
read the book, you ter ’makedbeta mark _______ you
have any questions.
A. which B. that C.
where D. though
13. The teacher raised
his voice _______ all the students could hear him.
A. for B. so that C. because D. in order
14. He took off his coat _______ he felt
hot.
A. because B. as C. if D.
since
15. It is ______ that we
’ d like to go out for a walk.
A. a lovely day
B. too lovely a day
C. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day
16.
Mary had ______ much work to do that she stayed at
her office all day.
A. such B. so C. too
D. very
17. _______ I felt very tired,
I tried to finish the work.
A.
Although B. Because C. As D. As if
18.
______ the day went on, the weather got worse.
A. With B. Since C. While D. As
19. ______ well you can drive, you must drive
carefully.
A. So long as
B.
In order that C. No matter how D. The moment
20. Write to me as soon as you ________ to
Beijing.
A. will get B. get C.
getting D. got
4
状语从句
二 .
根据中文意思完成下列英语句子
1. 不管他跟我开什么玩笑,我都不生气。
I am not
angry with him, _______ _______ ______ jokes he
______ on me.
2. 布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切,以至于学生把她当做母亲。
Mrs Bruce was _______ kind to her students
______ they ______ her _____ their mother.
3.
只要我们竭尽全力,父母就会满意我们的表现。
Our parents will be
pleased with our performance _____ _____ ______ we
try our best.
4. 你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗?
Will you
please call me ______ ______ ______ you get to
Shanghai.
5. 这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴,以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。
The seven-year-old girl likes playing the
piano ______ ______ ______ she has kept practicing
for two years.
6. 虽然她很忙,他还坚持自学英语。
_______
_______ ______ _______, she kept on learning
English by herself.
7. 他长大后相当一名记者。
He
wants to be a journalist ______ _______ _______
_______.
8. 无论刮风下雨,我们的老师总是第一个到校。
_______
_______ windy or rainy, our teacher is always the
first to get to school.
9.
如果人人为保护环境做出贡献,世界将会变得更美好。
______ ______ ______
_____ _______ to protecting
beautiful.
the environment, the world will become much
more
10.
李明昨天没来上学,因为他病了。
Li Ming didn
’ t come
to school _______ _______ ______ ______.
练习二
1 The meeting didn't start___ everyone was
there.
A. because B. until C. why D. if
2 The boy ___ to bed ___ his mother came
in.
A. went not; until B. didn't go;
after C. went; until D. didn't go;
until 3 I
won't believe you___ I have seen it with my own
eyes. A.
before B. until C. after D. when
4 He ___ home ___ she was satisfied ___
his answer yesterday.
A. didn't go; until;
with B. wasn't go; after; to
C. doesn't
go; before; with D. didn't go; until; to
5 He ___ back until the work ___ done.
A. isn't; will be B. isn't; is C. won't be;
will be D. won't be; is
6 They didn't
start the work ___ their teacher came back.
A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if
7. Tom will call me as soon as he ___
Shanghai.
A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives
in D. get to
5
状语从句
8. I'm sure he'll come to see me
before he ___ Beijing.
A. will leave B. is
leaving C. leave D. leaves
9. I will tell him
the news as soon as he___ back.
A. come B.
comes C. will come D. came
10. Tom has got a
watch. He ___ it for two years. It _______ by his
father.
A. has bought; was bought B. has got;
is bought ,
C. was bought; has bought . D. has
had; was bought
11. When he got to the
station, the train ___.
A. left B. had left C.
leaves D. has left
12. The boy told his father
what he ___ in the street.
A. saw B. have seen
C. had seen D. see
___ TV when the telephone
____.
A. watched; was ringing B. were
watching; rang C. watch; rings D. are watching;
rang the end of last term, I___ ten books.
A. had finished reading B. have finish reading
C. had finish to read D. finish read
15. I ___
you for a long time. Where ___ you ___?
A.
didn't see; did; go B. didn't see; have; gone
C. haven't seen; have; been D. haven't seen;
have; gone
16. Tom___ China for 3 years.
A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D.
has been at
17. I won't go to see the film
tonight, because I ___ my ticket.
A. lost B.
have lost C. will lose D. didn't lose
18.-Hello! May I speak to Bob?
-Sorry, but
he ___ for a month.
A. had been away B. was
left C. left D. has been away
19. I ___ him
since I began to live in the city.
A. know B.
have known C. knew D. will know
Lan ___
already ___ in this school for two years.
A.
was; studying B. will; study C. has; studied D.
are;
studying didn't go to see the film
yesterday ___ she
was ill. A. because B. but
C. until D. if
22 May I sit nearer___I can see
more clearly?
A. as if B. so that C. even if
D. so
23 ___ you work hard, you will certainly
succeed.
A. Though B. If C. Because D. For
24 ___ he came to study in the university, he
has made much progress in the study of English.
A. While B. When C. Since D. After
25 I'd
like to go swimming _____ the water is not too
cold.
A. for B. unless C. if D. whether
6
状语从句
26 There are ___ many league members
in class 2 ___ in Class 4.
A. both; and B.
'so; that C. either; or D. as; as
27. -Do you
have a big library?
-No, we don't. At least,
not___yours.
A. as big as B. as big than C. as
bigger than D. bigger as
28. Suzhou is not
____ beautiful ____ Hangzhou.
A. as; than B.
so; as C. even; than D. than
29. Iron is
more useful ___ any other metal.
A. as B. than
C. then D. so
30. I want to know ___ she is
going to see a film.
A. if B. that C. what D.
which
31. You are sure to pass the exam ___
you study hard.
A. if B. thoughC. that D.
since
32. I'll go to see the film with you___I
have time this evening.
A. whether B. so C. if
D. when
33. ___ you study harder, you'll never
pass the final exam.
A. If B. Until C. Unless
D. Except
34. Although it was raining,
still worked in the fields.
A. but they B.
and they C. they D. and yet they
35 ___ there
were only five soldiers left at the front, ___
they went on fighting.
A. Because; so B. If;
and C. Though; but D. Though;
36 ___ she is
very old, ___ she can still work eight hours a
day.
A. Because; so B. Though; but C. As; yet
D. Though; yet
37. Please answer the question
in a loud enough voice ___ all the class may hear.
A. so, that B. or C. in order that D. and
38. Lift it up___I may see it.
A. though
B. so that C. as
D. than
39. I
hurried___I wouldn't be late for class.
A.
so
B. so that
C. if
D.
unless
40. We should go by bus ___ we can get
there earlier.
A. as soon as B. where C. in
order that D. as
41 The dictionary is so
expensive ___ I can't buy it.
A. because B.
when C. that D. if
42 I got there ___ late
___ I didn't see him.
A. too; to B. such; that
C. so; that D. so; as
43 It is ___ hot in the
room ___ we have to go out for a walk.
A.
such; that B. so; that C. as; as D. such; as
44 He has___ an interesting book that we want
to read it.
A. so B. such C. the same D. as
7
状语从句
练习一答案
一 . 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C
5.A
11.B 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C
5. so
much that
r it
练习二参考答案:
6.C
7.D 8.C 9.C 10.A
16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.B
3. as long as
4. as long as
7.
when he grows up
二 . 1. no matter what; plays
; that; regarded; as
6. Though she was
busy
’ s 9. If everyone makes a
contribution
10. because he was ill
1-5BDBAD
6-10ACDBD
11-15BCBAC
36-40DCBBC
16-20BBDBC
41-44CCBB
21-25ABBCC
26-30DABBA
31-35ACCCD
8
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乐圣-在人间读书笔记
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