第十讲 状语从句和并列句

考点一 时间状语从句
授课提示：对应学生用书第222页

whenwhileas 引导的时间状语从句

①When I lived there，I used to go to the
seashore on Sundays.
·when既可引导一个持续性动作，也可引导一
个短暂性动作；可用于主 句动作和从句动作
同时发生，也可用于从句动作先于主句动作
发生
·while只能与延续性动词连用；从句和主句的
动作须同时发生
·as可表示从 句和主句的两个动作交替进行或
同时完成，可译为“一边……，一边……”
或“随着……”
我住在那里时，星期天常到海滨去。
②When the film ended，the people went back.
电影一结束，看电影的人便回去了。
③Please don't talk so loud while others are
working.
别人在工作时请别那么大声谈话。
④He hurried home，looking behind as he went.
他匆匆忙忙回家去，一边走一边回头望。
⑤As time goes on，it's getting warmer and
warmer.
随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖和了。

before和since引导的时间状语从
句

befo re表示“在……之前；还
未……就……；还没来得及……
就……”
常用句型
·It will be＋一段时间＋before...
多久之后才……
·It won't be long before...
不久之后就……
·It was＋一段时间＋before...
过了多久才……


tilluntil引导的时间状语从句
·tilluntil“直到……为止”，肯定的主句中用延续性动词，表某动作一直持续到某时间为止
·not...untiltill“直到……才”，not所在的主句的谓语动词为非延续性动词，表 某动作到某
时间才开始





表达“……(就……)的时间状语从句”
①I knew her the moment I heard her voice.
·the momentminuteinstant...
·immediatelyinstantlydirectly...
·as soon as
我一听到声音就知道是她。
②Let me know directlyinstantlyimmediately he
comes.
他一来就通知我。

名词词组引导的时间状语从句

①EachEvery time she comes，Jane brings me
·everyeach time...每次……
·the firstnextlast time...
第一次下一次最后一次……
·by the time...到……时
a nice book.
珍妮每次来都给我带来一本好书。
②The first time I saw her，I was impressed by
her.
第一次见她我对她印象很深刻。

考点二 条件、原因、地点、目的、结果状语从句
授课提示：对应学生用书第223页
1．条件状语从句



·if和unless
if如果
unless＝if not 如
果不
·soas long as只
要
on condition that
只要
·in case“万一，
如果”
2.原因状语从句

·because 表示的语气最强，常用来回答why
提出的问题，可放在主句之前或之后，也可
以被强调
·sincenow that“既然”，表达双方都知道的
原因
·as“由于”，置于句前或句后均可
①I'm trying to lose weight because
I'm_so_ashamed_of_my_body. 我正在努力减
肥，因为我的体型让我觉得很难为情。(译林
①－3)
②Since I_was_better_educated，I got a job
working in an office.

·for“由于”，起解释说明作用，用于主句后
因为我 受过比较好的教育，所以我得到了一

份坐在办公室的工作。(人教①－5)
③Now thatAs you are not free，you needn't see
me off.
既然你没有空，你不必来给我送行。
3.地点状语从句

·where“在……地方”
·wherever“无论……地
方”
4.目的状语从句

·in order thatso that...
以便于……，为了……
常与cancouldmay连用
in case 以防
for fear that 唯恐
5.结果状语从句

so＋形容词副 词＋that从句
?
?
·
?
so＋形容词＋aan＋可数名词单数形 式＋that从句
?
?
so＋manymuchfewlittle?少?＋名词＋t hat从句
①I studied day and night in order thatso that I could pass
the exam.
为了能通过考试，我夜以继日地学习。
②The boy hid himself behind the tree in casefor fear that
his father(should) see him.
那个男孩藏在树后面，唯恐他父亲看见他。
①You are free to go wherever you like.
你们可以自由地去你们想去的任何地方。(具体地点)
②Where there is a will，there is a way.
有志者事竟成。(抽象含义)

< br>?
?
such＋aan＋形容词＋可数名词单数形式＋that从句
?

?
such＋形容词＋可数名词复数形式不可数名词＋that从句
?

·so that 结果
①I was so tired that I lost myself during marching.
我太累了，以至于在行进中睡着了。
②There is so little time left that I don't think I can finish it as scheduled.
剩下这么少的时间，我想我不能按时完成。

考点三 让步状语从句和状语从句的省略
授课提示：对应学生用书第224页
1．让步状语从句

表“尽管，虽然”的让步状语从句
①Child as he was，he helped me a lot.
尽管他是个孩子，他却帮了我很大的忙。(名词)
②Try as he might，he could not open the door.
不管他怎样努力，他还是不能打开那个门。(动词)
③Hot as the night air was，we slept deeply.
尽管夜晚的空气很热，我们还是睡得很熟。(形容词)
④Young as he is，he is expert in this field.
他虽然年轻，但在这个领域是专家。
·although，while从句用正常语序
·as须用倒装语序
将从句中的表语(名词或形容词)，
状语(副词)或谓语动词的 一部分
(实义动词)置于as前。若是单数可
数名词前置时，不可用冠词
·though 可用正常语序也可用倒装

·even ifthough 正常语序
表“不论……还是……”的让步
状语从句
whether...or...

表“无论不管……的让步状语从句”
①However different we may appear to be at first，
·疑问词＋-everno matter＋疑问词意为
“无论……”
·however＋形副原级＝no matter how＋
形副原级“无论如何”

we are all the same，all equal.
无论起初我们看上去有多么不同，然而我们的本
质一样，每个人都是平等的。(外研⑦－3)
②No matter whenWhenever you have trouble，
you can turn to me for help.
无论什么时候有困难，你都可以向我求助。
2.状语从句的省略

①Tim is in good shape physically even thoughif he doesn't
get much exercise.尽管蒂姆不怎么锻炼，但他体型很好。
②Whether he drives or flies，he will be on time.
不管他是开车来还是坐飞机来，他都将准时到达。

①Work hard when (you are)young，or you'll
regret.
·适用从句：时间、地点、让步、条件、方式
等状语从句
·省略条件：从句主语与主 句主语一致或从句
主语为it，且从句谓语含有be动词的某种形
式
·省略成分：从句主语及be动词
·省略后从句的形式：
连词(asas ifo nce)＋名词；连词
(thoughwhetherwhen)＋形容词；连词
(wheth eras ifwhile)＋介词短语；连词
(whenwhilethough)＋doing；连 词(when，if，
少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。
②While walking along the street，I heard my
name called.
走在大街上时，我听见有人叫我的名字。
③He looked around as if (he were) in search of
something.
他四处张望，好像在找什么东西。
④You shouldn't come to his party unless (you
are) invited.
你不应该参加他的聚会，除非被邀请。
⑤Whenever (it is) possible，he will come to
my help.
even if，unless，once，until，than，as)＋done；
他一有可能就来帮助我。
连词(as ifas though)＋to do
⑥He moved his lips as if(he was) to speak.
他的嘴唇动着仿佛要说什么。(方式状语从句
的省略)
考点四 并列句
授课提示：对应学生用书第225页
1．并列连词

并列关系

①He had plenty of money and he spent it freely.
常用连接词and，as
well as，both...and，
neither...nor，not
only...but (also)，
not...but等
他有很多钱，他花钱很随便。
②Not only did he speak more correctly but (also) he spoke more easily.
他不仅说得更正确了，而且说起来也更容易了。
③Neither the students nor the teacher agrees to the plan.
不仅是学生们而且老师也不同意这个计划。
④A true man should be practical as well as far-sighted.
一个真正的人不仅要有远见，而且还要讲究实际。

转折关系

①Mike was usually so careful，yetbut this time he made a small
常用连接词but，
while，yet等
mistake.
迈克通常很细心，可是这次他犯了个小错误。(强调butyet后的句子)
②Norway is at the top of the list，while the US is at number 7.
挪威高居榜首，而美国则排在第7位。(强调对比转折)

选择关系

①Now you can either have a rest or you can go to the
常用连接词either...or...，or，or
else，otherwise等
cinema.
现在你可以休息，也可以去看电影。
②Hurry up，or(else)otherwise you will be late for class.
快点儿，否则你们上课就迟到了。

因果关系

Talking on a mobile phone is expensive，so a lot of people send text
常用连词so
messages.
用移动电话通话很贵，因此很多人发短信。(外研①－6)
2.使用并列连词的注意事项

·下列句型中常用并列连词when：

①He was walking in the street when he
①be about to do ...“正要做某事，这
时突然……”
②be on the point of doing ...“正要做
某事，这时突然……”
③be doing ...“正在做某事，这时突
然……”
④had done ...“刚做了某事，这时突
然……”
suddenly saw an old man fall off his bike.
他正在街上走着，突然看见一个老人摔下自
行车。
②I was about to leave when the telephone rang.
我刚要离开电话就响了。
③She had just finished her homework when her
mother asked her to practice playing the piano
yesterday.
昨天她刚完成家庭作业，妈妈就让她练习钢
琴。

·句型

①Find ways to praise your children often，and
①祈使句＋and＋陈述句
含义：如果……你就会……
②祈使句＋orotherwise＋陈述句
含义：如果你不……，你就会……
③有时祈使句也用一个名词词组来代替
you'll find they will open their hearts to you.
设法常常表扬你的孩子，这样你就会发现他
们乐意向你敞开心扉。
②Hurry up，otherwise you will be late.
快点，否则你就迟到了。
③Another try，and you will make a success.
再试一试，你就会取得成功。

[跟踪训练]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2016·高考四川卷)The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human
does.________ it cried，she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.
2．(2015·高考北京卷，25)He is a shy man，________ he is not afraid of anything or anyone.
3．(2014·高考北京卷，21)Some animals carry seeds from one place to another，________
plants can spread to new places.
4．There's no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery ________ another
man，also intelligent，fails.
5．(2016·高考北京卷，27)My grandfather still plays tennis now and then，________ he's in
his nineties.
6．(2016·高考北京卷，33)I really enjoy listening to music ________ it helps me relax and
takes my mind away from other cares of the day.
7．(2016·高考天津卷，7)________ the average age of the population increases，there are
more and more old people to care for.
8．(2016·高考浙江卷，5)________ online shopping has changed our life，not all of its effects
have been positive.
9．(2015·高考北京卷，32)________ the damage is done，it will take many years for the
farmland to recover.
10．(2015·高考江苏卷，26)It is so cold that you can't go outside ________ fully covered in
thick clothes.
答案：
5．althoughthough eas lthoughThough

Ⅱ.单句改错
1．(2016·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Though not very big，but the restaurant is popular in our area.

__________________________________________ ______________________________
答案：去掉but
2．(2016·高考全国卷Ⅱ)If we stay at home，it is comfortable but there is no need to spend
money.
___________________________________ _____________________________________
答案：but→and
3．(2015·高考陕西卷)I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.
_______ __________________________________________________ _______________
答案：after→whenwhile
4．(2015·高考浙江卷)If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom，I will never
forget it.
__________________________________________ ______________________________
答案：If→AlthoughThough
5．She'll visit her former teachers the moment when she goes to her alma mater(母校)．
______________________________ __________________________________________
答案：去掉when
6．With time went on，our teacher's words proved true.
_________________ __________________________________________________ _____
答案：With→As
7．We will have a picnic in the park this Sunday if it rains.
_________ __________________________________________________ _____________
答案：if→unless
8．If the weather is terrible next week，we put off the summer camp.
_________________________________ _______________________________________
答案：put前加will
9．No matter whatever happened，he would not mind.
__________________ __________________________________________________ ____
答案：whatever→what
10．A child as she is，she has travelled to many countries.
______ __________________________________________________ ________________
答案：去掉A，后面大写第一个字母
Ⅲ.语法填空(侧重训练从句)
My classmate Michael studied very hard 1.________ he went to senior day he
worked 2.________ everyone else in my class left the said he wouldn't stop trying
3.________ he got satisfying scores in his 4.________ he tried，he made little
he didn't lose heart at all 5.________ he believed as long as he persisted he would

succeed one day 6.________ time went by，he made improvements in his studies and he was
admitted to a university in Beijing at had a get-together party 7.________ we started our
new life in ne had got offers from universities,8.________ we had a very good
we stood 9.________ we used to play and study，we couldn't help thinking of our
happy old believed we would never forget each other,10.________ we would go or
whatever we would do.
答案： gh
5．becauseas er
Ⅳ.短文改错
Dear Jack，
I am going to the airport to meet a friend but then I will show him around the city.I am afraid
that I won't be back to home until 5：00 you please do me favor and clean the living
room while you come back？At about four o'clock our neighbor Li Ming would return a book to
me，so please let them in and put the book back on my the way，my friend also wants
to know you.I'd like to eat out this evening to welcome my friend，from who you might expect to
receive some surprise and seeing what they are!
Yours，
Li Hua
答案：
Dear Jack，
I am going to the airport to meet a friend but then I will show him around the city.I am
and
afraid that I won't be back to home until 5：00 you please do me ∧ favor and clean the
a
living room while you come back？At about four o'clock our neighbor Li Ming would return a
whenwill
book to me，so please let them in and put the book back on my bookshelf. In the way，my friend
himBy
also wants to know you.I'd like to eat out this evening to welcome my friend，from who you
whom
might expect to receive some surprise and seein g what they are!
giftssee
Yours，
Li Hua