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英语人教版九年级全册状语从句

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2020-10-25 04:27
tags:时间状语从句

urumqi-盖世太保

2020年10月25日发(作者:茅镳)


状语从句在句中作状语,修饰主句中的动词,形容词,副词等。状语从句放在主句之前,常
用逗号分开;放在主句之后,一般不用逗号。状语从句按其意义和作用可分为时间、条件、
原因、让步 、目的、结果、方式、比较、地点等九种。

状语从句定义及分类
状语从句就是用不同的连接词将几个分句连接起来,以表达分句之间特定的逻辑关系。

(一)时间状语从句
1、时间状语从句常用连词有when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as,
hardly...when, scarcely…when, no sooner ... than, the moment, the instant等。

2、时间 条件状语从句一般不用将来时,因此,主句若为将来时,时间状语从句要用一般
现在时。
eg. I'll go on with the work when I come back tomorrow.

3、连词when, while和as都表示“当…的时候”,
when 后接时间点或时间段,表“当…时候”;还可表示“这时,忽然”(用在句型中)及“既
然”
while 后只可接时间段,表“当…时候”;还可表示 “而,然而”
as 引导持续性动作,强调主句和从句的动作同时发生,译为“一边…一边”
eg. Whilewhen I was reading, he came in.
When he came in, we were having a meeting
As he walked along the street, he sang happily.

4、till或until表示“ 一直到…时”,主句和从句都用肯定式,主句用延续性动词;表示“直
到…才…”时,主句用否定式,用 终止性动词,从句用肯定式。till不能置于句首。
e.g He worked till until it was dark.


He did not get up till until his mother came in.
注意till until在表 达方式和意义上的特殊性:until是till的强调形式,但是它们表达的意义
是相同的,都表示“ 直到某时”。不过,当主句是否定句时,它引出的意思是“直到(某时)
(某动作)才(发生)” ,这时候常会出现“not until …”的结构,如果将 “not until …”
的结构放在句首,那么主句要写成倒装句。例如:
He didn’t go to sleep until 12 last night .
他昨晚直到十二点钟才睡觉。
They didn’t realize their fault till we pointed it out to them .
直到我们向他们指出了他们的错误,他们才意识到。
Not until we pointed out their fault to them did they realize it .
直到我们向他们指出了他们的错误,他们才意识到。
但是,当主句是肯定句时,它引出的意思是“直到(某时某动作停止了)” 。例如:
The students made much noise till the teacher came into the classroom .
直到老师走进教室学生们才停止了大声喧哗。
另外,until 可以放在句首而till则不行。

5、as soon as, the instant和the moment the minute the second引导的从句表示“一…就…”;
no sooner...than, hardly...when, scarcely...when引导的从句表示“刚…就…”,主句中的动词 一
般用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时,而且当此短语置于句首时,主句应半倒装。
e.g. I recognized her the instant I saw her.
Hardly had I entered the room when I heard a noise.

5、before & since
①若表达“还未…就…”“不到…就…”“…才…” “趁,还没来得及”时,用before, 从
句中谓语不用否定式。
eg. We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.
We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.


Please write it down before you forget it.
Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.
②It + be + 时间段 + before … “多久之后才…”
It + be +not + 时间段 + before … “没多久就…”
e.g. It will be half a year before I come back.
It wasn’t long before we met again.
③since从句的谓语动词一般是终止性 动词,主句的谓语动词是延续性的或表示反复发生过
的动作。从句的时态若是 一般过去时,主句的时态是现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
e.g. I have written home four times since I came here.
④It + be+ 时间段 + since +一般过去时 延续性动词(反义

过去完成时 终止性动词(直译)

eg. It is 3 years since she was my wife.
It is 3 years since she became my wife.
Her mother said it was 12 years since her father had died.
He said it was 2 weeks since he had smoked.

(二)原因状语从句
常用because, since, as, for, now that等引导。
because 强调从句, 表直接的因果关系侧重回答“为什么”
as 主从句并重,较口语化,用得较普遍
since 侧重主句, 从句所表示的只是显然的或已知的理由,“既然”
now that “既然”,和since的意义和用法相同, that可省, 用来表示一种新的情况, 再来加以
推论。
for 语气最弱,不能置于句首,表补充说明的或推测的理由( 并列句)


Now (that) you are free today, you may have a rest at home.

(三)地点状语从句
地点状语从句常用where, wherever等连词引导;注意不要和where引导的定语从句相混淆。
eg. Make a mark where you have questions
Make a mark at the place where you have questions.

(四)条件状语从句
条件状语从句用if, unlessif...not, asso long as (只要), in case(万一), on condition that(条件是),
suppose (that) (假设,用于问句), provided (that)等词引导。如果主句是将来时,条件状语从
句用一般时表示。
eg. As long as I live, I shall work hard.
I shall not go to school unless I finish my homework.
In case there is a fire, what will you do first?
Suppose (that) they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help?

(五)让步状语从句
让步状语从句由althoughthough, as, even if, however, whatever, no matter whohow...等词引
导。
eg. Although he is clever, he doesn't study well.
No matter who asks for advice,she is always ready to help.
注意:由as引导的让步状语从句,须将作表语的形容词或名词(不用冠词)放在句首。
eg. Clever as he is, he doesn't study well.
Child as he is , he knows a lot.

as引导的让步状语从句必须用倒装形式(as = though )单数名词前不要a an;形容词或副词


前不要very。
例句:
1. Although she is busy, she studies English very hard
Busy as she is, she studies English very hard.
2. Although he is a doctor, he knows medicine no better that I. Doctor as he is, he knows
medicine no better that I.
3.Although I admire him as a writer very much, I do not like him as a man.
Much as I admire him as a writer, I do not like him as a man.
4.Although you will try, you won’t manage it.
Try as you will, you won’t manage it.

(六)结果状语从句
结果状语从句一般由so that, so...that, such... that引导,放在主句之后。
eg. It is so heavy a box that nobody can move it.
It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it.

such a an…that可转换为so + 形容词 + a an + 名词单数 + that结构。
例句:
1.She is such a good teacher that all her students love her very much.
2.She is so good a teacher that all her colleagues like to talk with her.

在名词前有many, much, few, little (少)时,只能用so…that结构,
例句:
1.There are so many things to be done that I find no time to go to the cinema.
2.She got so little education that she could hardly do a simple maths problem.



(七)目的状语从句
目的状语从句常由that, so that , in order that(从句中常用may, can, should等情态动词) 放在
主句之后。
eg. They started early so that they might arrive in time.
He works hard in order that he can serve the country well.

for fear that (=lest) 唯恐;
in case ( = lest) 以防,万一;
in case of 遇到……的时候。
例句:
1.I shall ring you up lest you should forget to come.
2.He is working hard for fear (that) he should fail.
3.Take your umbrella, in case it rains.
4.In case of fire, ring the alarm bell.

(八)方式状语从句
方式状语从句放在主句之后,用as, just as, as if, as though等引导。as if和as though引导的
从句一般用虚拟语气,但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现,也可用陈述语气。
eg. The old man runs very fast as if he were a young man.
You may do as you please.

(九)比较状语从句
比较状语从句常由as...as; than; not so...as…; the more..., the more... 等词引导。比较从句部
分是省略句。
eg. I know you do better than he does.


The more we can do for you, the happier we will be.

状语从句中的省略 时间状语从句、条件状语从句、方式状语从句中如果主从句主语一致,从句的谓语部分含有
be动词 , 则可省略从句中的主语及be动词。
eg. Don’t speak until spoken to.
Once seen, it can never be forgotten.
Unless repaired, the machine is of no use.
She stood at the gate as if waiting for someone.

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