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高考英语语法学案2013726
专题四——状语从句
英语中的状语从句用来修饰谓语或者
整个主句按照功能可以分为：时间状从，地点状从，原因状从，结果状从，条件状从，
目的状从，让步状
从，方式状从，比较状从。
1、时间状语从句
（1）when、while、
as用法一览表。
类别 作 用
(at or during the time
that )既可以表示在某一
点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间内，主句
when
与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先
后发生。
while意思是“当??的时
候”或“在某一段
时间里”。主句中的动作或事情在从句中的
while
动作或事情的进展过程中发生，从句中的动
Please don’t talk so
loud while others are working.
He fell asleep
whilewhen reading. Strike while the iron is
day.(在一段时间内)
注意：when表“突然”
例 句
It was raining when we arrived.(指时间点)
When
we were at school, we went to the library every
词一般要用延续性动词。在when表示a hot.
(用as或when不可，这里的while意思是“趁??”)
period of
time时，两者可以互换。
as表“当??的时候”和when
while通用，
但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时
as
或几乎同时发生。还表示“一边一边”“随
着”
（2）引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有：
①as soon as ，
directly, immediately, the moment, the minute …
一??就
As soon as I have finished it , I’ll give
yu a call.
He made for the door directly he
heard the knock.
②hardly scarcely … when, no
sooner … than,
表示“一??就”
We had hardly got
Hardly had we got into the country when it began
to rain.
No sooner had he arrived He had no
sooner arrived than she started complaining.
③till, not … until …, until, before, since
before 用法 not until 强调，倒桩 since用法
Don’t get
off the bus until it has stopped.
Not until years later could I realize the value of
that kind of giving.
He waited for his father
until(till)it was twelve o’clock. It was not
until years later that I could realize the value
of that kind of
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The runners started as
the gun went off.(几乎同时)
She came up as I was
cooking.(同时)
高考英语语法学案2013726
giving
She has been ill
since she came back.
谓语非延续，
It is has
been
+
一段时间
+since
从句非延续，自。。。以来，已经有。。。年。
区分：
It is two years since he began to
smoke.
It is two years since he smoked
肯定句：一段时间，距离
+before
过了多久才？
It
will be five years before he returns from England.
Before :1
和
we waited along ime ,before he
came out.
.否定句一段时间、距离+ before 过不了多久就It won’t
be five years before he returns from England.
还没有，还没来得及 ，免得 he died before he wrote a wil
l.I must write it down before I forget,.
④each
time, every time, by the time
Each time he
came to my city, he would call on me.
注意：表示未来情况，主句用将来时，从句用现在时。
2、地点状语从句：where,
wherever
Make a mark wherever you have any
questions.
We will go where the Party directs
us.
3、原因状语从句：because,, as, since=now that
（1）表示不知道的原因时用because,即说话人认为听话人不知道，因此because从句是重要的部
分，通常它被置于主句之后。
You want to know why I’m
leaving? I’m leaving because I’m full.
for虽然表示
不知道的原因，但其语气较because要弱得多，是可说可不说的话，它只能置于主句之后，这时，for是
并列连词。
如：It’s morning now, for the birds are
singing.（很显然，鸟叫不可能是“现在已是早上”的原因。）
（2）表示已经知道的原因时
用as或since,即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉，因此它是句中不很重
要的部分。since要比as正式一些，它们通常被置于语句之前。
Seeing all of
the children already seated, he said,“Since
everyone is here, let’s start.”
NowthatSince
no one is against art,, let’s carry out the plan.
4. 条件状语从句：if, unless, so (as) long as, on
condition that. in case, once一旦 注意if与unless的区别
In case anything important happens，please call
me up.
My parents don't mind what job I do as
long as I am happy.
You can go swimming on
condition that you don't get too far from the
river bank.
_______ you start eating in a
healthier way, weight control will become much
easier.
A. unless B. Although C. Before D.
Once
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高考英语语法学案2013726
5、结果状语从句： so that, so …
that, such … that …
注意：so + 形容词副词 +
that从句；such + 名词 + that从句。
6、目的状语从句： so that,
in order that, for fear that in case
注意：目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词连用，否则可能是结果状语从句。不可置于句首。
He studied hard so that he might succeed.
Come early In order that you may see him.
I dare not go out for fear that he might see
me.
7. 让步状语从句
（1）although与though可以引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用。
Although they are poor, they are warm-hearted.
（2）even if或even though引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”，“纵然”.
I’ll get there even if(though)I have to sell
my house to get enough money to go by air.
（3）while 虽然
While he is very young, he
knows a lot of knowledge .
(4)whether…or…;
whether(….).or not
Whether or not he agreed
with John’s views, many of them thought deeply.
Whether we go to your place or stay here,
we’ve still got to find something to eat.
（5）no matter+who、what、where、how等疑问词，=该疑问词+ever
构成whoever、whatever、wherever、however等。
Don’t
trust him, no matter what whatever he says.
Whoever breaks the law will be published.
No matter how hard the work is, you’d better
try to do it well.
（6）as也可以引导让步状语从句。要用倒装。
Child as(though)he is, he knows a lot.
Much as I like it, I won’t buy.
Try as he
would, he couldn’t lift the heavy box.
7、方式状语从句：as, as if(though)
I’ll do as I am
told to.
It looks as if it is going to rain.
9.比较状语从句：than, as
注意：状语从句中从句的省略现象
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高考英语语法学案2013726
（1）连接词 + 过去分词
Don’t speak
until spoken to.
Pressure can be increased
when needed.
Unless repaired, the washing
machine is no use.
（2）连词 + 现在分词
Look out
while crossing the street.
（3）连词 + 形容词其他
常见的有if necessary、if possible、when necessary、if
any等。
高考真题探究（2006—2011年）
时间状从
〖08辽宁〗I
used to love that film______I was a child, but I
don’t feel it that way any more.
?
gh
【2011浙江卷 4】One Friday, we were packing to
leave for a weekend away ______my daughter heard
cries for help.
A. after B. while C. since
D. when
〖06湖南〗I had just stepped out of the
bathroom and was busily drying myself with a
towel____I heard the steps.
〖07江西〗He was told that it would be at least
three more months______he could recover and return
to work.?
〖07安徽〗The field research will take Joan and
Paul about five months; it will be a long time
______we meet them again.
〖10?陕西〗John thinks it won’t be long _______he
is ready for his new job.
A. when
B. after C. before D. since
〖09上海〗You can’t borrow books from the school
library ______ you get your student card.
A.
before B. if C. while
D. as
〖06四川〗--Why didn't you tell him about
the meeting？
--He rushed out of the room____I
could say a word.
〖07天津〗It
is difficult for us to learn a lesson in
life______we’ve actually had that lesson.?
【2011上海卷 36】If a lot of people say a film is
not good, I won’t bother to see it, or I’ll wait
____ it comes out on DVD.
A. whether B. after
C. though D. until
〖06广东〗“You can’t have
this football back_____you promise not to kick it
at my cat again.” the old man said firmly.
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高考英语语法学案2013726
e
It was
back home after the experiment.
A. not until
midnight did he go B. until midnight that he
didn’t go
C. not until midnight that he went
D. until midnight when he didn’t go
As is
reported, it is 100 years _____________Qinghua
University was founded.
A. when
B. before C. after D. since
【2011辽宁卷 29】He had no sooner finished his
speech _____ the students started cheering.
A.
since B. as C. when
D. than
原因状从〖
08北京〗—Did you return Fred’s
call? —I didn’t need to ____ I’ll see him
tomorrow.
A. though B. unless
C. when D. because
〖06广东〗Jenny was
very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot
at Canada, ____this was a memory she especially
treasured.
条件状从
〖07上海〗Small sailboats can easily turn
over in the water______they are not managed
carefully.
?
〖08全国Ⅰ〗—Have you got any idea for the summer ?
—I don’t mind where we go______there’s sun,
sea and beach.
if long as
that order that
〖09陕西〗My parents
don’t mind what job I do ______I am happy.
A.
even though B. as soon as C. as
long as D. as though
〖08天津〗We’ll have
a picnic in the park this Sunday _____ it rains or
it’s very cold.
B. if C.
unless D. until]
〖08全国Ⅱ〗A small car is
big enough for a family of three______you need
more space for baggage.?
e
〖06江苏〗_____environmental damage is done, it
takes many years for the ecosystem（生态系统）to
recover.?
if only
让步状从
【2011全国卷II 19】It was a nice meal,
_______a little expensive. A. though B.
whether C. as D.
since
【2011四川卷 4】Frank insisted that he was not
asleep _____ I had great difficulty in waking him
up.
A. whether B. although C.
for D. so
【2011天津卷 5】____ regular
exercise is very important, it’s never a good idea
to exercise too close to bedtime.
B.
As gh
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高考英语语法学案2013726
〖10湖南〗Tim is in good shape
physically _______ he doesn’t get much exercise.
A. if B. even though C.
unless D. as long as
〖07浙江〗Many of
them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _____they
knew it to be valuable.
if that?
though that
【2011北京卷 29】__________
volleyball is her main focus, she’s also great at
basketball.
A. Since B. Once C. Unless
D. While
【2011陕西卷 19】__________all of them are
strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the
post.
A.
Since B. While C. If D. As
〖07山东〗_____I really don’t like art, I find his
work impressive.?
〖08湖南〗______the
Internet is of great help, I don’t think it’s a
good idea to spend too much time on it.?
e
〖08全国Ⅰ〗The lawyer seldom wears
anything other than a suit______the season.?
er er? er r
【2011江西卷 29】Please
call my secretary to arrange a meeting this
afternoon, or ______ it is convenient to you.
A. whenever B. however C. whichever D.
wherever
〖08辽宁〗______hungry I amI never seem
to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.?
er er er r
〖10上海〗_______you may have, you should gather
your courage to face the challenge.
A.
However a serious problem B. What a
serious problem
C. However serious a problem
D. What serious a problem
36. A37. A38. B39.
D40. A41. B42. D43. D44. C45. B46. D47. C48. A49.
C50. B51. A52. C 53. D54. B55.
D
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