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as if 的用法

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2020-10-25 11:05
tags:学习韩语的网站

描写外貌的词语-势的成语

2020年10月25日发(作者:雷正民)


as if 的用法


as if 好像,好似 She spoke to me as if she knew me. 她和我说话的神情,好像她早就认识我似的。 (= as
though)


as if 的用法

一、as if 从句的作用 1. 在look, seem 等系动词后引导表语从句。如: She looks as if she were ten years
younger. 她看起来好像年轻了十岁。 It seems as if our team is going to win. 看来我们队要胜了。 2. 引
导方式状语从句。如: She loves the boy as if she were his mother. 她爱这男孩,就好像她是他的母亲
一样。 The child talked to us as if he were a grown?up. 那孩子跟我们谈起话来,像个成年人似的。 二、
as if 还可用于省略句中 如果as if 引导的从句是“主语+系动词”结构,可省略主语和系动词,这样as if 后
就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。如: He acts as if (he was) a fool. 他
做事像个傻子。 Tom raised his hands as if (he was going) to say something. 汤姆举起手好像要说
什么。 She left the room hurriedly as if (she was)angry. 她匆忙离开房间好像生气的样子。 三、as if
从句的语气及时态 1. as if 从句用陈述语气的情况。 当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生
或存在的事实时。如: It sounds as if it is raining. 听起来像是在下雨。 He talks as if he is drunk. 从
他谈话的样子来看他是醉了。 2. as if 从句用虚拟语气的情况。 当说话 人认为句子所述的是不真实的或
极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下: (1)如果从句表示与现在事实相
反,谓语动词用一般过去时。如: You look as if you didn’ t care. 你看上去好像并不在乎。 He talks as
if he knew where she was. 他说话的样子,好像他知道她在哪里似的。 (2)从句表示与过去事实相反,
谓语动词用“had+过去分词”。如: He talks about Rome as if he had been there before. 他说起罗马来
好像他以前去过罗马似的。 The girl listened as if she had been turned to stone. 那女孩倾听着,一动也
不动,像已经变成了石头似的。 (3)从句表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用“ would/could/might+动
词原形”。如: He opened his mouth as if he would say something. 他张开嘴好像要说什么。 It looks as
if it might snow. 看来好像要下雪了。
whether和if的用法分析

一、相同之处。
r和if都能引 导宾语从句,常置于see,ask,learn,tell,wonder,doubt,find out等动词之后。
如:He asked me whetheris I could help him. I want to know whetherif he lives there.
r和if都可用it作形式主语从句中。如: it's uncertain whetherif he'll come this evening.
3.在be uncertaindoubtful之后,常用whether引导宾语从句,有时也可以用if,如: We are uncertain
whetherif Mary will come.
二、不同之处。
r可置于句首引导主语从句,而if不能。如: ___the 2000 Olympic Games will be in Beijing is not
known yet. r r 答案是C。
r可用在介词之后,引导宾语从句,而If则不能。如: Success depends on whether we make
evough effort.
r可引导表语从句,if则不能。如: The puestion is whether it is not worth doing.
4.在名词之后引导同位语从句时,用whether而不用if。如: The question whether the students answered
correctly should be decided by the teacher.


r后可接不定式,而if不能。如: Please tell us whether to go or stay here.
6.在有些动词(如discuss)之后,只能用whether,而不用if引导宾语从句。如: We discussed whether
we should close the shop.
7.在引导否定概念in宾语从句时,只能用if,而不用whether.如:he asked me if I hadn't finished my work.
;;;;;;;;;;;; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
w hether和if都可以引导宾语从句,表示“是否”,在口语或间接引语中两者可以互换使用。如:
I wonder if whether I can get some advice from you.

Ask him whether if he can come.

但在有些情况下,whether和if的用法有一定区别。

1. whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not直接连用,而if一般不能。如:

正: Let me know whether you can come or not.
误: Let me know if you can come or not.

2. 当宾语从句提到句首时,只能用whether引导,而不能用if。如:

正: Whether it is true or not, I can’t tell.
误: If it is true or not, I can’t tell.

3. whether可以引导带to的不定式,if则不能。如:

正: I don’t know whether to accept or refuse.
误: I don’t know if to accept or refuse.

4. whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后,作介词的宾语,但if不能。如:

正: I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
误: I worry about if I hurt her feelings.

5. whether可以引导从句,作主语、表语或同位语,而if不能。如:

正: It was uncertain whether he would come.
误: It was uncertain if he would come.

正: His first question was whether Tom had arrived yet.
误: His first question was if Tom had arrived yet.

正: We must consider the question whether we will take these measures.
误: We must consider the question if we will take these measures.


in case
后面跟从句,从句用一般现在时,或用should型虚拟语气,按英语老师讲两者
通用
in case万一。是连词,引导条件状语从句。也就是说in case后面是一个完整的句子 Take a hat
with you in case the sun is very hot. 倘若太阳很利害,你就把帽子戴上。 in case of的of是介
词,介词后面只能带名词性质的词,比如名词、代词等。意思和in case差不多,万一的意
思 In case of rain they can't go. 万一下雨,他们就不能去了。 in the case of,就...来说, 关于。
意思跟上面两个不一样了。一般表示转而提及另一件事情。比如 In the case of woman,they
have more difficulty in their job。就女性来说,她们在工作中会遇到更多的困难

1. We have an auxiliary generator in case of power cuts.
我们有一台万一断电时使用的备用发电机。
2. In case you need something, please don't hesitate to let me know.
如果你需要什么东西,请不客气地对我说。
3. It may rain you'd better take an umbrella (just) in case (it does).
可能下雨--你最好带把伞, 以防万一(下起来).
4. In case that he leaves, please inform me.
如果他离开, 请通知我。
5. In case of rain, they can't go.
万一下雨,他们就不能去了。
6. In case (=If) I forget, please remind me.
万一我忘记,请提醒我。
7. Write the telephone number down in case you forget.
把电话号码写下来以免忘了。
8. The doctor asked us to call him during the night except in case of necessity.
医生吩咐我们,除非必须,否则不要在夜里叫他。
magazine 和 journal 有什么区别

magazine .n
A periodical containing a collection of articles, stories, pictures, or other features.
杂志:一种载有专论、小说、图片或其他内容的期刊。

journal .n
1.A personal record of occurrences, experiences, and reflections kept on a regular basis; a diary.
日志,日记:对于事件、经历及感想的有规律进行的私人记录;日志
official record of daily proceedings, as of a legislative body.
议事录:关于(如立法机构的)日常议程的正式记录
al A ship's log.
【航海】 航海日志:船舶上的航海日志
ting
【会计学】
5.A daybook.
日记帐,流水帐
6.A book of original entry in a double-entry system, listing all transactions and indicating the accounts to
which they belong.


分录簿 :复式簿记系统中登载原始账目的账本,记录下所有的交易,并表示出它们所归的专项分类帐
7.A newspaper.
报纸
8.A periodical presenting articles on a particular subject:
期刊:刊登关于某特殊主题的文章的期刊.
journal ['d??:nl]
n.
杂志, 刊物, 日报; 航海日记

【会计】分类帐, 日记帐

日记, 日志, 笔记

[the Journals](立法机关、委员会等的)议事录

【机】轴颈, 辊颈, 枢轴, 支耳

a medical journal
医学杂志
a monthly journal
月刊

magazine [?m?^?'zi:n]
n.
杂志; 期刊

(武器、弹药、炸药等的)仓库, 军火库

(连发枪上的)弹仓, 弹盒, 弹盘

(照象机的)底片夹[盒]; (软片, 胶卷)暗盒

资源地, 宝库

火炉中燃料室

(材料自动送进)料斗, 储料匣[台, 架, 槽], (吹芯机)储砂筒, 卡片存储装置, 自动储存送料装置

edit a magazine
编辑杂志
weekly [ monthly, bi-monthly] magazine
周刊[月刊, 双月刊]
Journal 是指较专业性的杂志如学报。
Magazine 泛指一般杂志。


will与 be going to do 和be to do和be
about to do 和be doing有什么区别?在
写句子时都可以用吗?
1. will+动词原形,。
就是表示一般将来时。。这个比较常用


going to do
将会...
一般用于将来时态

例句与用法:
1. I am assuming that the present situation is going to continue.
我认为目前的情况将会继续下去.

2. It's going to cost 200 or as near as dammit.
这要花200英镑上下.

3. How did you find out that Burns was going to be promoted?
你是怎么知道伯恩斯将会得到提升的?

4. You must be out of your mind if you think I'm going to lend you 50!
你以为我会借给你50英镑, 你准是疯了!

5. I'm just going to check in these books at the library.
我要去图书馆还这些书。

6. They are going to move to a new house next week.
下星期他们将迁入新居。

7. It looks as if it is going to rain.
看来要下雨了。

8. Are you going to America by boat or by plane?
你到美国是坐船还是坐飞机?



to do

表示安排、计划、决定、命令或注定要发生的事.


一般用于被动语态,,,to be done
也可以用于主动语态。。。都是表示将来时态

比如:
Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage is to be avoided.
为避免食物短缺,我们需要更加努力来提高农业生产。

The bridge is to be built next year.
大桥将在明年修建。

以下是主动语态的例句:
He is to die.
他就要死了。

To live is to work.
活着就要工作。


比较:
I am to be an engineer.
我就快要成为工程师了。。(这个时间上快一点,而且比较有把握,比如已经考到证了。。)

如果是:
I am going to be an engineer.
意思就变成了:
我将成为工程师。。。(这个只是主观愿望。没有多少把握)


about to do
表示即将,马上要做的事,。,

这个比其他的几个都要紧迫。。
比如:
I am about to leave.
我马上就要离开了。(刻不容缓,就是这一两分钟的事)
比较:
I am going to leave.
我将要离开。(还指不定是什么时候)


doing

主要用于现在进行时态,,有时可以用来表达将来时


例句与用法:

How are you doing with your new boss?
你跟你的新上司处得如何?

We are doing a pilot study to see if the new product will sell well.
我们正在为这种新产品做试销调查,看它的销路好不好。

According to these figures, our company is doing well.
从这些数字来看,我们的公司经营得不错。
2. 英语语法问题!!知道者快来!!到底是be no use (to)
do sth还是be no use dong sth
be no use doing sth是肯定的,绝对没错。

例如 It is no use watching too much TV.
看太多电视是没用的
这是固定搭配
所谓的接to do sth,是用在be used to do sth被用来做某事


It is no use trying to persuade him to have a holiday because he is a workaholic.(P53) 其中用了 It’s no
use doing sth. (做某事没用 只是白费力气)句型。在这个句型中, 动词- ing形式trying to persuade him to
have a holiday是主语,it 是形式主语。这种动词-ing作主语,it 作形式主语的句型还有:

1. It is no good doing sth. 做某事不好 没用 不行

2. It’s a waste of time money doing sth. 做某事是白费时间 金钱

3. It’s fun doing sth. 做某事很有趣
1. It is no use __ me not to worry.
a. you tell b. your telling
c. for you to have told d. having told
为什么要选B? 怎么分析

2. He is very busy ___ his papers. He is far too busy ___ callers.
a. writing; to receive b. wrtiting; receiving
为什么选A? far too busy 是太忙的意思,后面不跟doing 吗?
it is no use + that从句 或者+doing(动名词形式) b 选项就是一个动名词形式
be busy doing sth 后面的空你理解错误了,应该理解为太忙而不能见访问者,所以应该考虑的是too...to
do ...结构(太。。。而不能。。。) 而不是考虑far too busy doing 结构
He could have come to help us , but_____.
悬赏分:0 - 解决时间:2008-3-16 09:28


He could have come to help us , but_____.
didn't b. he hasn't c. he hadn't d. he can't
为什么选a不选b
问题补充:如果后面写反义疑问句是不是用didn't he?
提问者: chenjingjean - 试用期 一级
最佳答案
这是一个虚拟语气中的常考句型,要记住。could have done的意思是“本可以做某事(而实际上没做)”。
句型:Sb could have done sth, but + 一般过去时.的意思为:某人本可以做某事的,但(实际情况是)……。
由于后 句讲述的是真实情况,故用一般过去时。
关于你的补充问题:
He could have come to help us后的反意疑问句的tag理论上是didn't he,只是此句中He could have come
to help us应该是一个确定的判断,一般不会用反意疑问句形式。
如果是猜测,则一定是didn't he. 请看下列例句:
He could not have come to help you, did he?
He must have come to help you, didn't he?
He might have come to help you, didn't he?
祝周末愉快!
情态动词的用法
can,may,must,need,could,dared

一、 can, could

1) 表示能力(体力、知识、技能)。

Can you lift this heavy box?(体力)

Mary can speak three languages.(知识)

Can you skate?(技能)

此时可用be able to代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式;而be able to则有更多的时态。

I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.

当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to,不能用Can。如:

He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.

2) 表示请求和允许。


情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need
(needed), ought to等。 情态动词无人称和数的变化;不能单独使用,必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语


-----Can I go now?

----- Yes, you can. No, you can’t.

此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,

might代替,不是过去式,只是语气更委婉,不能用于肯定句和答语中。

---- Could I come to see you tomorrow?

---- Yes, you can. ( No, I’m afraid not. )

3) 表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力)。

They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.

This hall can hold 500 people at least.

4) 表示推测(惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度),用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。

Can this be true?

This can’t be done by him.

How can this be true?



二、 may, might

1) 表示请求和允许。might比 may语气更委婉,而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can’t

或mustn’t,表示“不可以,禁止”。

----Might May I smoke in this room?

---- No, you mustn’t.

---- MayMight I take this book out of the room?

---- Yes, you can. (No, you can’t mustn’t. )

用May I...?征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气,而用Can I...?在口语中更常见。


2)用于祈使句,表示祝愿。

May you succeed!

3) 表示推测、可能性(不用于疑问句)。

might不是过去式,它所表示的可能性比may小。

1.He may might be very busy now.

2.Your mother may might not know the truth.



三、 must, have to

1) 表示必须、必要。

You must come in time.

在回答引出的问句时,如果是否定的,不能用mustn’t(禁止,不准),而用needn’t, don’t have to(不必).

---- Must we hand in our exercise books today?

---- Yes, you must.

---- No, you don’t have to you needn’t.

2) must是说话人的主观看法, 而have to则强调客观需要。Must只有一般现在时, have to 有更多的时
态形式。

1. he play isn’t interesting, I really must go now.

2. I had to work when I was your age.

3) 表示推测、可能性(只用于肯定的陈述句)

1. You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.

2. Your mother must be waiting for you now.



四、 dare, need



1) dare作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中, 过去式形式为dared。

1. How dare you say I’m unfair?

2. He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he?

3. If we dared not go there that day, we couldn’t get the beautiful flowers.

2) need 作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, should代
替。

1.You needn’t come so early.

2. ---- Need I finish the work today?

---- Yes, you must. No, you needn’t.

3) dare和 need作实义动词用时, 有人称、时态和数的 变化。在肯定句中,dare后面常接带to的不定式。
在疑问句和否定句中,dare后面可接带to 或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。

1. I dare to swim across this river.

2. He doesn’t dare (to) answer.

3. He needs to finish his homework today.



五、 shall, should

1) shall 用于第一人称,征求对方的意见。

What shall we do this evening?

2) shall 用于第二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。

1. You shall fail if you don’t work hard.(警告)

2. He shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺)

3. He shall be punished.(威胁)



六、 will, would

1) 表示请求、建议等,would更委婉。

Will Would you pass me the ball, please?

2) 表示意志、愿望和决心。

1. I will never do that again.

2. They asked him if he would go abroad.

3) would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表示过去习惯时比used to正式,且没有“现已无此
习惯”的含义。

1. During the vacation, he would visit me every other day.

2. The wound would not heal.

4) 表示估计和猜想。

It would be about ten o’clock when she left home.



七、 should, ought to

1) should, ought to表示“应该”,ought to表示义务或责任,比should语气重。

1. I should help her because she is in trouble.

2. You ought to take care of the baby.

2) 表示劝告、建议和命令。should, ought to可通用,但在疑问句中常用should。

1. You should ought to go to class right away.

2. Should I open the window?

3) 表示推测

should , ought to (客观推测), must(主观推测)。


must be home by now. (断定他已到家)

ought toshould be home by now.(不太肯定)

3. This is where the oil must be.(直爽)

4. This is where the oil ought toshould be.(含蓄)



八、 情态动词+不定式完成式(have done)

1) can could + have done在肯定句中表示“本来可以做而实际上能做某事”,是虚拟语气;在疑问句或否
定句 中表示对过去行为的怀疑或不肯定, 表示推测。

1. You could have done better, but you didn’t try your best. (虚拟语气)

2. He can’t have been to that town.(推测)

3. Can he have got the book?(推测)

2) may might +不定式完成式(have done)

表示对 过去行为的推测。不能用于疑问句中,没有虚拟语气的用法。Might所表示的可能性比may小。

1. He may not have finished the work .

2. If we had taken the other road, we might have arrived earlier.

3)must +不定式完成式(have done)

用于肯定句中,表示对过去行为的推测。意为“ 一定、想必”。其疑问、否定形式用can,can’t代替。参看
1) can could + have done表示推测。

1. You must have seen the film Titanic.

2. He must have been to Shanghai.

4)should +不定式完成式(have done)

用于肯定句中,表示对过去行为的推测。

He should have finished the work by now。


表示 “本应该做而实际上没有做某事”,其否定式表示某种行为本不该发生却发生了。可以与ought to +不定
式完成式(have done)互换。

1. You ought to should have helped him. (but you didn’t.)

2. She shouldn’t have taken away my measuring tape, for I wanted to use it.

5) needn’t +不定式完成式(have done)

表示“本来不必做而实际上做了某事”。

You needn’t have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.

6) will +不定式完成式(have done)

主要用于第二、三人称,表示对已完成的动作或事态的推测。
He will have arrived by now.
It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses the
tools that makes him a scientist.
It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses the tools that makes him a scientist.
这句话什么意思,that引导的是什么从句.
It is...that...的强调句
Not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses the tools makes him a scientist.
Not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses the tools 为主语
科学家之所以成为一个科学家,不是由于他所使用的工具而是由于他是如何使用这些工具
used to 和be used to的区别
一、在英国英语中传统上把used to看作是情态动词,因此,它的疑问式应当是:Used +主语+to sth.?
否定式应当是used not to或use(d)n't to。但是,在美国英语中,人们把used to看作是实义动词,因
此,它的疑问式是:Did +主语+use to do sth.?否定式是:主语+didn't use...由于受到美国英语的影响,甚至在英国英语中,人们也很少使用“Used...+主语+to...”这种疑问式,而使用“ Did +
主语+use...”这一疑问式。例如:

①Did they use to play football?他们过去踢足球吗?

②Did you use to smoke?你过去吸烟吗?

③Did you use to take long walks in the countryside?你过去在农村经常进行长距离的散步吗?

二、在带有used to的陈述句后面,附加疑问句中一般要使用功能词did。但是,在附加疑问句中也可以用
used。 例如:

①He used to smoke,didn't he?



②They usedn't to like opera,did they?

They didn't use to like opera,did they?

They used not to like opera,did they?

③You used to live in Wuhan,usedn't you?

④You used to like wine,use(d)n't you?

三、used to的否定形式的一般问句常有以下两种。例如:

Didn't you use to live near me?

Usen't you to live near me?你过去不住在我附近吗?

四、used to指的是过去的习惯性动作,目的在于与现在形成对照,如:I used to work hard.是说“我过去
常常努力工作。”暗含的意义是:我现在不努力工作了。在表示过去 的习惯性这一点上,与would的意义相
同(只不过used to既可用于表示过去的习惯动作,又 可用于表示过去的状态。would只能用于表示过去习
惯性的动作)。从形态上看used to是个情态动词,其中的to是不定式符号,后面跟动词原形。例如:

When I was a child,I would get up early.

People used to(不用would)believe the earth was flat.过去人们认为地球是平的。

I used to like swimming.

When I was a child,I used to(不用would)like swimming.

我哥哥过去是解放军,现在是教师。

误:My elder brother would be a PLA man.He is now a teacher.

正:My elder brother used to be a PLA man. He is now a teacher.

五、be(get,become)used to结构在意义上相当于accustomed to“习惯于”,从形态上看,used是个分
词型形 容词,to是介词,因此后面只能跟名词、代词或动名词。例如:

They got used to living in the countryside.他们已习惯于住在农村。

I've got used to being a vegetarian.我已经习惯吃素食。

He is used to hard work.他习惯于艰苦工作。



六、be used to表示“习惯于某事”的状态,而get used to则表示由“不习惯”到“习惯于”这一动态的过程, 意
思是:“(变得)习惯于”;“开始习惯于”。试比较:

He was used to the cold weather after he lived there for two years.在那里住两年后,他已习惯了寒冷的
天气。

I think it is a bit difficult for you to get used to the humid weather here.我想,让你习惯于这里潮湿而炎热
的天气有点困难。

You'll soon get used to living in the country.很快你就会习惯于住在乡下了。

七、有时be used to是动词use的被动语态,在这种结构里,to是不定式符号。例如:

A metal bar was used to force the door open.用金属棒把门撬开。

The threshing ground was used to hold a mass meeting.打谷场曾用于举行群众大会。

八、be used to与be accustomed to的区别:前者一般用于指自然而然地成为习惯,后者常常用于指通过
努力而成为习惯。试比较:
I am used to teaching English.我对教英语已习惯了。
Mrs Smith was not accustomed to leaving home during the winter.史密斯夫人不习惯冬天出门。
I am accustomed to taking coffee.我习惯了喝咖啡。
回答者:nc3722 - 试用期 一级 11-23 11:10
提问者对于答案的评价:
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其他回答 共 3 条
used to 是“过去常常做什么”后接动词原形
be used to 是“习惯做什么”后接名词和动名词(ing)
回答者:yalinge - 助理 二级 11-23 11:05
才实际的口语中他们大量用到:

used to 表示的是 过去的一种状态,比如hey man, I used to do this job,is it funny huh?接原型。

Beget used to 翻译成习惯于,接ing形式,比如,I am used to not having dinner when my wife fights with
me

我们常常容易记不住他们的区别,告诉你你一个方法就是:used to 翻译成过去常常的四个中文比 be used
to 的习惯于 长,换句话说就是长的中文和短的英文在一起,一长一短搭配,当年我就是这样记得
回答者:carbulb - 试用期 一级 11-23 11:08


used to do 过去常常做某事,现在不做了。

is no longer true. for example:
She used to love cats but one attacked her and she doesn't like them anymore.

be used to sth. 熟悉、习惯某事、某人

She was not used to speaking Cantonese.
Eventually you'll getbecome used to the smells of the laboratory.

希望有所帮助

参考资料:http:?searchword=used&x=0&y=0
反意疑问句

1) 陈述部分的主语是I,疑问部分要用 aren't I.
I'm as tall as your sister,aren't I?
2) 陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may +主语。
I wish to have a word with you, may I?
3) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely,
little等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义。
The Swede made no answer, did he she?
Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?
4) 含有ought to 的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldn't
oughtn't +主语。
He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? shouldn't he?
5) 陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't
+主语)。
We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?
6) 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时,疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主
语。
He used to take pictures there, didn't he? usedn't he?
7) 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
8) 陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
9) 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句,疑问部分根据实际情况而定。
He must be a doctor, isn't he?
You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? didn't
you?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?


11) 感叹句中,疑问部分用be +主语。
What colours, aren't they?
What a smell, isn't it?
12) 陈述部分由neither? nor, either? or 连接的并列主语时,疑问部分
根据其实际逻辑意义而定。
Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
13) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this,
疑问部分主语用it。
Everything is ready, isn't it?
14) 陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句,疑问部分有三种情况:
a. 并列复合句疑问部分,谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。
Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been
in China now, shouldn't he?
b. 带有定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句,疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而
定:
He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?
He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?
c. 上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引
导的定语从句,疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。
I don't think he is bright, is he?
We believe she can do it better, can't she?
15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one
等,疑问部分常用复数they,有时也用单数he。
Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)
Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)
16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主
语。
We need not do it again, need we ?
He dare not say so, dare you?
当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?
17) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句,疑问部分用will you。
Don't do that again, will you?
Go with me, will you won't you ?
注意: Let's 开头的祈使句,后用shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句,后用will you?
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?
18) 陈述部分是结构的,疑问部分用there省略主语代词。
There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?
There will not be any trouble, will there?
19) 否定前缀不能视为否定词,其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。
It is impossible, isn't it?
He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?


20) must在表推测时,根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。
He must be there now, isn't he?
It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?
快速记忆表
陈述部分的谓语 疑问部分
I aren't I
Wish may +主语
no,nothing,nobody,never,
few, seldom, hardly, 肯定含义
rarely, little等否定
含义的词
ought to(肯定的) shouldn't oughtn't +主语
have to+v.(had to+v.) don't +主语(didn't +主语)
used to didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语
had better + v. hadn't you
would rather + v. wouldn't +主语
you'd like to + v. wouldn't +主语
must 根据实际情况而定
感叹句中 be +主语
Neither?nor,
either?or 连接的根 据其实际逻辑意义而定
并列主语
指示代词或不定代词
everything,that, 主语用it
nothing,this
并列复合句 谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定
定语从句,宾语从句的
主从复合句 根据主句的谓语而定
think,believe,expect,
suppose,imagine等引导 与宾语从句相对应的从句
everybody,anyone,
somebody,nobody,no one 复数they, 单数he
情态动词dare或need need (dare ) +主语
dare, need 为实义动词 do +主语
省去主语的祈使句 will you?
Let's 开头的祈使句 Shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句 Will you?
there be 相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词)
否定前缀不能视为否定词 仍用否定形式
must表推测 根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句
一、反意疑问句的一般情况

1.当陈述部分的主语是:等everyone, everybody, someone, no one, nobody,


somebody合成代词时,附加疑问句的主语非正式文 体中往往they用。(也可以
按语法一致原则用单数。)
2.当陈述部分以one不定代词 做主语时,附加问句的主语在正式常场用one,
非正式场合用he。
3.当陈述部分的主语 是不定式、动名词、从句、this或that,附加疑问句的
主语用it。(是those, these则用they)
4.当陈述部分的主语是表示物的不定代词everything, anything, nothing等,
附加问句的主语用 it。
5.陈述部分带有否定词或半否定词,例如:never, hardly, scarcely, seldom,
no, none, no one, rarely, nowhere, nothing, nobody, few, little等,附
加疑问句的动词要用肯定形式。
6.如果陈述部分中的否定词仅带有否定的前缀或后缀,那么该陈述句应作肯定
句处理,附加疑 问句应用否定形式。
二、常见句型的反意疑问句
7.当陈述部分是there be 存在句型时,附加疑问句的主语也用there。
8.感叹句的附加疑问句,其谓语要求用否定句。
9.祈使句后面的附加疑问句问题
A) 祈使句是否定形式,附加疑问句只能用will you。
B) 祈使句是肯定形式,附加疑问句用肯定、否定均可。
C) Let开头的祈使句要注意:
’s 在意义上包含谈话的对方在内,表示提出建议或征求对方意见,其反
意疑问句往往用shall we。
2. Let us 在意义上一般不包含谈话的对方在内,表示请求对方允许做某事的
含义,let 有allow的意思。附加疑问部分用will you。
3. Let me 开头表示请求,附加疑问句用will you,或用may I。
三、复合句的反意疑问句
10.当陈述部分是一个(带that引导宾语从句的)主从复合句时,附加疑问句
的主谓要和主句的 主谓保持对应关系。但是,当陈述部分的主语是:I suppose,
I think, I believe, I imagine, I expect等结构时,附加疑问句的主语和谓
语要和 从句的主语,谓语保持一致关系。而且要注意到否定的转移问题。
11.当陈述部分是I’m sure that,;we are sure;I’m afraid that;We are
sure that;I feel sure that 等后面跟宾语从句时,反意疑问句与后面的宾
语从句一致。
12.当陈述部分是并列句时,附加疑问句的主谓语要和离它最近的句子的主谓
保持对应关系。
四、关于情态动词的反意疑问句
13.陈述部分中有have一词,且表示“所有”含义时, 附加疑问句部分既可用
have也可用do。
14.陈述部分中有have to,附加疑问句部分用do。
15.含有ought to 的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldn't
oughtn't +主语。
He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? shouldn't he?
16.陈述部分有used to,附加疑问句部分可用used 也可以用did 。
17.陈述部分有needn’t时,附加疑问句部分用need但有时也可用must。

< p>
18.陈述部分有must,且表示“必须”时,附加疑问句部分用mustn’t,如果
表示“必要”则用needn’t。
19.陈述部分中是mustn’t表示“禁止”时,附加疑问句部分用must。
陈述部分 中的must表示“一定”、“想必”等推测意义时,附加疑问句部分而
是根据陈述部分的谓语动词或其 助动词来定。
20.陈述部分是I wish,表示询问或征求意见,附加疑问部分用may I。
21.弄清陈述句中的’d rather = would rather;’d better = had better
附加疑问句部分前者用would,后者用had。
其它特殊结构的反意疑问句
22.陈述部分的主语是each of...结构时,附加疑问句在强调整体时用they,
当作个别时用he。
23.陈述部 分有neither...nor...(either...or...)做并列主语,附加疑问部
分 根据其实际逻辑意义而定。
Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
24.陈述部分是:I’m ....结构,附加疑问句一般用aren’t I?
25. 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
26. 陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
27. 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
28. 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +
主语。
We need not do it again, need we ?
He dare not say so, dare you?
当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she
反意疑问句对应规则二十四条
2008-04-03 08:21
反意疑问句是英语四大问句之一,它是由一个陈述句加上 一个短问句而构成的。
反意疑问句的基本构成形式是:陈述句+动词(肯定或否定)+主语?如:

①She often has lunch at school, doesn’t she? ②You don’t like sports,
do you?

使用反意疑问句要注意以下若干对应规则:

一、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关
系,即:

肯定+否定? 否定+肯定?如:

①You can’t do it, can you? ②They are very late for the meeting, aren’t
they?



二、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词种类要对应一致。如:

①He has supper at home every day, doesn’t he? (不能用hasn’t he?)

②They have known the matter, haven’t they? (不能用don’t they?)

三、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词在时态上应和陈述部分的时态一致。如:

①They will go to town soon, won’t they?(不能用don’t they?或 aren’t
they?)

②He works very hard, doesn’t he?(不能用didn’t he?或won’t he?)

四、 反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀
构成的词语时,陈述部分要视为肯定含义,问句部分用否定形式。如:

①Your father is unhappy, isn’t he?(不能用is he?)

②The man is dishonest, isn’t he? (不能用is he?)

③It is impossible to learn English without remembering more words, isn’t
it?(不能用is it ?)

五、反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定
意义的词时,问句部分用肯定式。如:

①She never tells a lie, does she?(不用doesn’t she?)

②He was seldom late, was he?(不用wasn’t he?)

六、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am??时,问句部分习惯上用aren’t I?表示。
如:

I am a very honest man, aren’t I?

七、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) think(believe, suppose, consider) + that
从句时,问句部分的动词及主语与that从句内的动词和主语保持一致。如:

①I think that he has done his best, hasn’t he?

②We think that English is very useful, isn’t it? (不用don’t we?)

八、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) don’t think(believe, suppose,


consider)+ that从句时,从句为否定意义,问句部分的动词和主语仍与that
从句保持一致且用肯定式。如:

①I don’t think that you can do it, can you? (不用do I?)

②We don’t believe that the news is true, is it? (不用do we?)

九、反意疑问句的陈述部分为非第一人称主语+ think(believe, suppose,
consider) + that从句时,问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主
语保持一致。如:

①They all think that English is very important, don’t they? (不用
isn’t it?)

②He didn’t think that the news was true, did he? (不用wasn’t was
it?)

十、反意疑问句的陈述部分为主语+said( told, reported, asked??) + that
从句时,问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如:

①They said that you had finished your work, didn’t they? (不用hadn’t
you)

②Kate told you that she would go there, didn’t she? (不用wouldn’t
she?)

十一、陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything
时,问句部分的主语用it。如:

①Something is wrong with the computer, isn’t it?②Nothing has happened
to them, has it?

十二、陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody(someone), anybody(anyone),
nobody(no one), everybody(everyone)时,问句部分的主语用he或 they,这
时问句动词的数应和he或 they一致。如:

①Someone has taken the seat, hasn’t he?②Everyone has done their best
in the game, haven’t they?

十三、陈述部分为Let me??时,问句部分习惯上用shall I? 或will you?形
式。如:

Let me have a try, shall I?(will you?)


十四、陈述部分为Let us??时,问句部分习惯上用will you?形式。如:

Let us stop to rest, will you?

十五、陈述部分为Let’s??时,问句部分习惯上用shall we?形式。如:

Let’s go home together, shall we?

十六、陈述部分用上述情况以外的祈使句时,问句部分一般用will you?形式表
示请求,用won’t you?形式表示委婉请求或邀请。如:

①Do sit down, won’t you? will you? ②You feed the bird today, will you?

③Please open the window, will you?(won’t you?)

十七、陈述部分为否定祈使句时,问句部分一般用will you?形式。如:

Don’t make any noise, will you?

十八、陈述部分为There (Here) + be + 主语时,问句部分用动词+there(here)?
形式。如:

①There are two cakes on the plate, aren’t there? ②Here is a story about
Mark Twain, isn’t here?

十九、陈述部分用had better +原形动词表示建议时,问句部分用hadn’t +
主语?形式。

①You’d better tell him about the matter, hadn’t you?②We had better
do it by ourselves, hadn’t we?

二十、陈述部分用used to +主语时,问句部分用didn’t + 主语?或usedn’t
+主语?形式。

①He used to live in the country, didn’t he?usedn’t he?

②They used to be good friends, didn’t they?usedn’t they?

二十一、陈述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时,若句中带
有明显的过去时间的状语,问句部分动词用过去时形式。如:

①He might have forgotten his pen in the classroom yesterday, didn’t he?

(不用mightn’t he? hasn’t he?)



②You must have got up late this morning, didn’t you?(不用mustn’t
you?haven’t you?)

二十二、陈述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时,若句中没
有带明显的过去时间的状语,问句部分动词用现在完成时形式。如:

①Everyone must have known the death of the waitress, haven’t they? (不
用mustn’t they?)

②You must have worked there a year ago, didn’t you?(不用mustn’t you?
haven’t you?)

二十三、陈述部分的主语为从句时,问句部分的主语一般用it代替,如:

①What he said is true, isn't it? (不用didn’t he?)

②Where we will build the dam has not been decided yet, has it? (不用
won’t we?)

二十四、陈述部分的主语为动名词或不定式时,问句的主语用it代替。如:

①To do one good deed is easy for a person, isn't it?②Skating is your
favorite sport, isn't it?

反意疑问句专题练习

1.I think they will go to town tomorrow, ________?

I ’t I they ’t they

2.I don’t believe he can catch up with me, _________?

he ’t he I ’t I

3.I’m sure that I will be well again, __________?

I ’t I I ’t I

4.I am afraid that he will not come, _______? I ’t I
he ’t he

don’t believe you are wrong, _________?


you ’t you they ’t they

thought you were Beijing, _________?

’t he he ’t you you

told you that he would come tonight, _______?

’t we we he ’t he

reporter said the news was not true, _________?

’t it ’t he he it

suggested that he should go to work at once, ________?

they ’t they he n’t he

brother has lunch at home, _________-?

’t he ’t he he he

has to get up early, ________? he ’t he he
’t he

has got to get everything ready, _________?

’t she she ’t she she

has never been to China, _________? she ’t she
’t she she

had better tell you the news right now, _______?

she ’t she she ’t she

would rather not have done that last week,________?

they ’t they they ’t they

16.I’d rather stay here for a rest, ________? I I ’t
I ’t I

ought to do it again,_________? you ’t you


you ’t you

must do that again,_________?’t you ’t you
you ’t you

must wait here, __________?’t he ’t he n’t
he he

must be a good worker,________?’t he ’t he ’t
he ’t he

must have been to China twice,_________?

’t he ’t he ’t he ’t he

must have been ill last week,__________?

’t he ’t he ’t he ’t he

must have known you during the war,__________?

’t he ’t he ’t he ’t he

must have known the result already,_________?

’t he ’t he ’t he ’t he

used to be a temple here,________?

’t there there there there

used to be good friends,________?

’t they ’t they they A and B

usedn’t to dress the baby,______?

’t she she she ’t she

students used to go to see him,_______?

’t they ’t they they A and B

, you have a little more chicken,________?



’t you ’t you you you

! Alice, you have bought a little chicken,_________?

’t you ’t you you you

two had breakfast just now,__________?

’t you ’t you you you

two had finished the breakfast,_________?

’t you ’t you you you

r you nor I was invited to the party,________?

we ’t we I you

he or she is to clean the window,__________?

they ’t they ’t he ’t she

is Jiao Yulu who turned Lankao into a rich district,_______?

it ’t it he ’t he

was you who never made such mistakes,________?

’t it ’t you you ’t you

little child dared not climb the tree,________?

he he he he

he said is not wrong,__________? ’t he he it
’t it

his parents were ill made him a little worried,_________?

’t they they ’t it ’t it

dislikes what you have said,__________? he ’t he
you ’t you



41.(2003Shanghai spring)If you want help—money or anything,let me
know,____you?

’t

42.(2002Shanghai)Mrs. Black doesn’t believe her son is able to design
a digital cameral,____?

he ’t he ’t she she

43.(2002Shanghai spring)Brian told you that there wasn’t anyone in the
room at that time,___?

there ’t there ’t he he

44.(2001Shanghai)I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer,_____?

I ’t I they ’t they

45.(2000Shanghai)The news that they fialed their driving test discouraged
him,___?

they ’t they it ’t it

46.(NMET99)—Alice,you feed the bird today,____? --But I fed it
yesterday.

you you ’t you ’t you
反意疑问句的特殊情况
2008-02-24 12:48
在高考备考中,会遇到反意疑问句的特殊情况,归类总结大致如下:
1.Learning how to repair motors takes a long time, doesn’t it? (非
谓语动词作主语
用it。)
2.I don’t think that she cares, does he? (陈述句是转移否定,反意疑问
句的主语和谓语必须和从句一致。)
3.Open your books, would youwon’t you? (陈述句对第二人称的祈使句,
简略问句可用will you? Won’t you? Would you? Can you? 或can’t you?)
4.Don’t forget to write a letter to me, will you?(在否定祈使句中,
只用will you?)
5.Let’s go to the station shall we?(Let’s 包括听话者,所以用shall we?)
6.Let us go for a walk, will you?won’t you?(Let us 不包括听话者,而


是向听话者提出建议或要求。)
7.We must study all the subjects well, needn’t we?(must在这里不表示
“必须”,只表示“有必要“, 所以不重复must, 要用need.)
8.It must be Xiao Wang, isn’t it?(must be在这里表示推测,要用be 的
适当形式)
9.You must have made the mistake, haven’t you?(当must+不定式的完成
式表示对过去事情的推测时,用have。)
10. The boys mustn’t play with fire, may they?(当must表示“禁止”时,
反意问句要用may.)
11. He used to get up early, didn’t he usedn’t he?(当陈述句含有used
to 时,简略问句用did,也可重复used.)
12.We usually have breakfast at seven, don’t we?(当have不作“有”
解而用作行为动词时,简略问句用do 适当形式)
13., We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we? (陈述部分的谓语
包含have to, has to, had to时,疑问部分要用do 的适当形式。)
14. Nothing can stop us now, can’t it?(陈述部分用everything, nothing
作主语时,疑问部分主语用it.)
15. I am a three-good student, aren’t I?(陈述部分用I am 时,疑问部分
用aren’t I.)
16. There is something wrong with your TV set, isn’t there?(陈述部分
为there+be结构,疑问部分用there,省略主语代词。)
17. I wish to have a word with you, may I?(当陈述句是主语结构I wish, 用
以征求对方意见,简略问句用may I.)
18. Tom has been reading novels, but he didn’t read this afternoon, did
he?(陈述句是并列句, 简略问句的主谓语应和后一个分句一致。)
19. She dislikes smoking, doesn’t she?(如果陈述部分里出现表示否定意义
的某些词 如never, hardly, few, little, nothing, nobody等,简略问句要
用肯定式;但是, 如果谓语是通过加前缀构成的否定词 ,简略问句用否定。)
20. That China is a great socialist country is well known, isn’t it?(不
定式短语,动名词短语或主语从句作主语,简略问句的主语用it.)
21. This is my pen, isn’t it?(陈述部分的主语this ,that,简略问句用it:
陈述部分的主语these, those,简略问句的主语用they.)
of it is here, is it?(在”none of?”结构中,如of 后的名词或
代词是单数,后面的主语也为单数,这种情况,主要由于of 后的名词或代词为
不可数名词)
23. In our class each of the students passed the exam, didn’t hethey?(陈
述部分如是“each of ”结构作主语,若强调个别,简略问句的主语用单数代词;
若强调全体,简略问句用复数代词。)
24. We ought to make a greater contribution to the world revolution,
shouldn’toughtn’t we?(陈述部分含ought to 时,简略问句要用should,
也可重复ought.)
25. The girl daren’t go home alone, dare she?(陈述部分的谓语含有dare,
need时,看它们是情态动词还是行为动词,分别重复dare, need或用do 的适


当形式。)2
26. You had better finish the experiment today, hadn’t you?( had better
do 为肯定时用hadn’t you,相反,had better not do为否定时用had you。)
27. He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he? (would
rather do than do时用wouldn't +主语。)
colours, aren't they? What a smell, isn't it? (感叹句得看名词
单复数,复书用they,单数用it。)
29. Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?(用复数及肯定。)
30. EveryoneEverybodySomeoneSomebody knows this, aren’t theyisn’t
he? (指人的不定代词 作主语,简略问句一般用they, 也可用he)
people know him, do they?(当名词前有表示数量的few, little出现
时,反意疑问部分得肯定。)
反意疑问句49题
me your bike, ________?
’s have a walk, ________?
us do it by ourselves, __________?
4.I’m a teacher, _________?
never said she would go there, __________?
brother hasn’t any books, __________?
’d better have a word with him, _________?
’d like some tea, __________?
9.I don’t think they can finish the work, ________?
called on me, ____________?
dy is waiting for you, __________?
won’t be any trouble, ____________?
g can stop us now, _____________?
hing is all right, _____________?
has few good reasons for staying, __________?
seldom goes home, ___________?
used to get up early, __________?
doesn’t dare to ask me, ___________?
used to be a church behind the cemetery, _______?
had to take the first train, __________?
brother often has colds, __________?
22.I must answer the letter, _________?
ought to read this book, _________?
must have stayed at home last night, _________?
ing’ll have to be done about the price, _________?
must be hungry, __________?


27.I suppose you know the meaning of the word, _________?
’ve saved nothing this year, ___________?
’t forget to phone me, ____________?
me go, ____________?
to the cinema now, ___________?
beautiful weather, _________?
must have studied English for many years, _________?
dare do it, ___________?
may go to the cinema, ___________?
dare do it, _____________?
did do your homework yesterday, __________?
mustn’t be late, ____________?
ne’s having a good time, __________?
don’t need to go there, ___________?
is a lovely garden, __________?
42.I don’t believe she knows it, _____________?
failed in the exam, ____________?
is unhappy, ____________?
said nobody was fit for the job, _________?
’d rather I didn’t say anything, ____________?
couldn’t lend me a novel, _____________?
hardly knew about it, ____________?
is nothing wrong with your radio, _________?


Key:
1. will you 2. shall we 3. will you 4. aren’t I 5. did she
6. has he 7. hadn’t we 8. wouldn’t you 9. can they 10. did they
11. aren’t they 12. will there 13. can it 14. isn’t it 15. has she
16. does he 17. usedn’t you 18. does she 19. didn’t there 20. didn’t we
21. doesn’t 22. mustn’t I 23. oughtn’t we 24. didn’t you 25. won’t
26. aren’t they 27. don’t you 28. have we 29. will you 30. willwon’t you
31. will you 32. isn’t you 33. haven’t you 34. daren’t you 35. mayn’t we
36. didn’t you 37. must we 38. aren’t they 39. do they 40. isn’t it
41. does she 42. dare he 43. didn’t he 44. isn’t she 45. didn’t he
46. wouldn’t you 47. could you 48. did he 49. is there

反意疑问句的20种特殊形式]
2008-01-17 20:16
反意疑问句的20种特殊形式
一些常规的反意疑问句,大家都很熟悉,这里我给大家介绍一些特殊的反意疑问
句。
1.陈述部分的主语是I'm...句型时,疑问部分要用 aren't I。如:
I'm an English teacher, aren't I? 我是一名英语老师,不是吗?
2.陈述部分是感叹句时,疑问部分用be +主语。如:


What beautiful hats, aren't they? 多么漂亮的帽子,不是吗?
3.陈述部分是省去主语的祈使句时,疑问部分用will you。如:
Don't be late next time, will you? 下次不要迟到了,好吗?
Come here, will you won't you? 到这儿来,好吗?
注意: Let's 开头的祈使句,疑问部分用shall we, Let us 开头的祈使句,
疑问部分用will you。 如:
Let's start with the song, shall we? 咱们以这首歌开始,好吗?
Let us help you, will you? 让我帮助你,好吗?
4.陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may +主语。如:
I wish to go to Beijing, may I? 我希望去北京,好吗?
5.陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely,
little等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义。如:
They never go there, do they ? 他们从不去那儿,是吗?
6.含有ought to 的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldn't
oughtn't +主语。如:
He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? shouldn't he? 他应该知道该
做什么,对吗?
7.陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't
+主语)。如:
We have to sleep here, don't we? 我们必须睡在这儿,对吧?
8.must在表“推测”时,根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。如:
He must be Tom, isn't he?他一定是汤姆,不是吗?
8 回复:谁能给我讲讲反意疑问句???跪求了。拜托各位
It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it? 明天肯定要下雨,是吗?
9.陈述部分的谓语是used to 时,疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usen't +主语。
如:
He used to be a bad boy, didn't he? usen't he?他过去是个坏男孩,是吧?
10.陈述部分有had better + v.,疑问句部分用hadn't you。如:
You'd better go there now, hadn't you?你最好现在去那儿,好吗?
11.陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。如:
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he? 他宁可
读十遍也不愿意背诵,是吗?
12.陈述部分有You'd like to +v., 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。如:
You'd like to go to bed earlier, wouldn't you? 你想早点儿睡觉,对吗?
13.陈述部分有must,疑问部分根据实际情况而定。如:
He must be a doctor, isn't he? 他肯定是医生,是吗?
You must have studied English for four years, haven't you? didn't you?
你一定学了四年英语,对吗?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he? 他肯定是在昨天完成任务
的,是吗?
14.陈述部分由neither... nor, either... or 连接的并列主语时,疑问部分
根据其实际逻辑意义而定。如:
Neither you nor I am a teacher, are we? 你不是老师,我也不是,对吗?


15.陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑
问部分主语用it。如:
Everything is ready, isn't it? 一切就绪,是吗?
16.陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句,疑问部分有三种情况:
a. 并列复合句的疑问部分,谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。如:
Mr. Smith had been to Shanghai for several times, he should have been in
China now, shouldn't he?史密斯先生曾几次去过上海,按理说他现在应该在中
国,是吗?
b. 带有定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句,疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定。
如:
He said he wanted to visit Urumchi, didn't he? 他说他想去乌鲁木齐看
看,他是那样说的吗?
c. 陈述部分主句为第一人称,谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose,
imagine等引导的宾语从句,疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。如:
I don't think he is clever, is he? 我认为他并不聪明,是吗?
We believe she can do it better, can't she? 我们相信她能做得更好,她不
能吗?
17.陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one
等,疑问部分常用复数they,有时也用单数he。如:
Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (doesn't he?) 人人都知道答案,
是这样吧?
Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?) 没人知道这件事,是吧?
18带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主
语。如:
We need not do it again, need we ? 我们不必重做一遍,是吗?
He dare not say so, dare he? 他不敢这样说,是吗?
当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。如:
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she? 她不敢独自回家,是吗?
19.陈述部分是“there be”结构的,疑问部分用there省略主语代词。如:
There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there? 你的表有问题,
对不对?
There will not be any trouble, will there? 不会有麻烦吧,是吗?
20.否定前缀不能视为否定词,其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。如:
It is impossible, isn't it? 这不可能,不是吗?
He is not unkind to his classmates, is he? 他不会对他同学使坏,是吗?
Must在反意疑问句中的用法
在反意疑问句中,附加谓语部分和陈述句部分的主要谓 语动词在意义上
要相互呼应,即附加谓语部分和陈述句中谓语动词的时态要保持一致。使
用情况 各有不同,一般来说,有下列四种情况:
一.陈述句中的must表示“必须”时,附加谓语的谓语动词用mustn’t。
如:


You must work hard to improve your English, mustn’t you?
你必须努力学习来提高你的英语水平,不是吗?
二.陈述句中的must表示“禁止”时,附加谓语的动词用must,也可
用may。如:
We mustn’t be late, must may we?
我们不可以迟到的,是吗? (不说: need we)
三.陈述句中的must表示“必要”时,附加谓语的动词用needn’t。如:
We must start working right now, needn’t we?
我们得立即开始干活儿了,是吗? (不说: mustn’t we)
四.陈 述句中的must表示一种推测时,含义为“一定、准是”时,附加
谓语不用must和need,而是
在意义上
和陈述句中谓语动词的时态

持一致
。通常有四种情况:
1.

陈述部分有表示过去的时间状语,附加谓语中的动词就用一般过
去时。
She must have heard the good news just now, didn’t she?
想必她刚才听到了那个好消息,是吗? (一般过去时)
2.句中陈述部分没有表示过去的时间状语,这时附加谓语中的动词
就用
现在完成时。
You must have studied English for many years, haven’t you?
你一定学了多年的英语,不是吗? (现在完成时)
3.陈述部分的动词表示经常性的动作或状态,附加谓语部分的动词
就用
一般现在时。
He must be from the south, isn’t he?
他一定是南方人,对吗? (一般现在时)
4.陈述句部分的谓语动词为现在进行时,也需要时态上的呼应。
I think they must be watching this exciting football match now, aren’t they?
想必他们正在观看这场精彩的足球赛。 (现在进行时)
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Must在反意疑问句中的用法
在反意疑问句中,附加谓语部分和陈述句部分的主要谓 语动词在意义上
要相互呼应,即附加谓语部分和陈述句中谓语动词的时态要保持一致。使
用情况 各有不同,一般来说,有下列四种情况:
五.陈述句中的must表示“必须”时,附加谓语的谓语动词用mustn’t 。
如:
You must work hard to improve your English, mustn’t you?
你必须努力学习来提高你的英语水平,不是吗?
六.陈述句中的must表示“禁止”时,附加谓语的动词用must,也可
用may。如:


We mustn’t be late, must may we?
我们不可以迟到的,是吗? (不说: need we)
七.陈述句中的must表示“必要”时,附加谓语的动词用needn’t。如:
We must start working right now, needn’t we?
我们得立即开始干活儿了,是吗? (不说: mustn’t we)
八.陈 述句中的must表示一种推测时,含义为“一定、准是”时,附加
谓语不用must和need,而是
在意义上
和陈述句中谓语动词的时态

持一致
。通常有四种情况:
2.

陈述部分有表示过去的时间状语,附加谓语中的动词就用一般过
去时。
She must have heard the good news just now, didn’t she?
想必她刚才听到了那个好消息,是吗? (一般过去时)
2.句中陈述部分没有表示过去的时间状语,这时附加谓语中的动词
就用
现在完成时。
You must have studied English for many years, haven’t you?
你一定学了多年的英语,不是吗? (现在完成时)
3.陈述部分的动词表示经常性的动作或状态,附加谓语部分的动词
就用
一般现在时。
He must be from the south, isn’t he?
他一定是南方人,对吗? (一般现在时)
4.陈述句部分的谓语动词为现在进行时,也需要时态上的呼应。
I think they must be watching this exciting football match now, aren’t they?
想必他们正在观看这场精彩的足球赛。 (现在进行时)
情 态 动 词
2007年03月19日 星期一 08:13
情 态 动 词
一、一般疑问句中几个情态动词的问与答
1. Need Ihe??
Yes,youhe?must.(不用need)
2. Must I he??
No,you he?needn’tdon’t(doesn’t,won’t)have to.(不用
mustn’t)
3. May I he??
No,you he?mustn’t.(少用may not)
4. Could(Can)you??
Yes,I can (不用could)
5. Shall Ishe he??
No,you(she,he)needn’tcan’tmustn’t

二、情态动词表“推测”
,may,must使用的句式:
1)肯定陈述句中:must表“肯定、必定、一定”意,maymight表“也许,


或许”意。
2)否定陈述句中:can’tcouldn’t表“不可能”意,may notmight not
表“也许不、可能不”意。
3)疑问句中:只能用can或could,不能用must,may或might。
注意 :表推测的could,might并不是指过去时间,而是表示比can,may把
握性略小些的情况 。
2.对目前状态的推测:
1)mustmaymightcancould+be+表语
例如:She must be a teacher.她肯定是老师。She can’tcouldn’t be
a doctor.她肯定不是医生。 He may notmight not be a doctor.他可能不是
医生。
2)mustmaymightcancoul d+一些不能用于进行时的静态动词
(如:have,exist,live,like,hate,o wn,belong to等)
例如:She must have her own car,for she has a lot of money.
That kind of bird may live in the valleys.
3.对目前正在发生的事情进行推测:
句式:mustmaymightcancould+be doing
例如:They must be waiting for us.他们肯定正在等我们。
She maymight be doing her homework.她可能正在做作业。
CanCould he be playing football?他会正在踢足球吗?
4.对已发生的事情进行推测:
句式:mustmaymightcancould+have done
例如:There’s no lignt in the room. They must have gone to
knows nothing about the film. She can’tcouldn’t have seen
ld he have been a doctor?He maymight(not)have been a
must have been watching TV at nine last ld
she have stayed in Beijing last year?
注意:will have done句式也可表“肯定可能已经?”推测意。
例如:He will have learned advanced mathematics,for he knows a lot
about it. 他肯定可能学过高等数学,因为他对此懂得很多。

三、“情态动词+have done”用法
ought to +have done,意“本应该?”,含有责备或后悔意。
例如:You should have come here a little earlier.I ought to have
sent him to school.
n’toughtn’t to+have done,意“本不应该”,含有责备或后
悔意。
例如:You shouldn’t have watered the flower.I oughtn’t to have
scolded her for such a small thing.
have done,意“过去可能做”;could have done意“本能够做”,
两者都含有委婉批评或遗憾之意,也可表对过去情况的推测。
例如:He might have gone to Nanjing with Professor week,but
he was ill.上星期他本可以和王教授一起去南京的,可他病了。We could have
finished the work ahead of time.我们本来是能够提前完成工作的。



四、情态动词在反意疑问句中的用法
1.“肯定祈使句+附加问句”结构,附加问句常用willwouldwon’t you
形式。
例如:Stand still,willwouldwon’t you?
2.“否定祈使句+附加问句”结构,附加问句常用willwould you形式。
例如:Don’t watch TV,willwould you?
’s?,shall we? Let us?,willwon’t you?
4.含有must句子的反意问句
1)must表示“必须”时,附加部分常用needn’t,也可用mustn’t.例如:
He must go with you,needn’tmustn’t he?
2)mustn’t表“一定不能”时,附加部分用may.例如:She mustn’t
leave,may she?
3)must表“一定、想必”推测意时,附加部分主要有下列几种形式:
must be an engineer,isn’t he?They must be writing now,aren’t
they?(这类句子问句前部分含“must be?”或“must be doing?”。)
must have a carlive there, doesn’t she?
must have seen the film,hasn’t he?(这类句子问句前部分的谓
语为must have done,句子无具体过去时间状语。)
must have seen the film last week,didn’t he?(这类句子问句前
面部分的谓语为must have done,句子有具体过去时间状语。)
must have been shopping then,wasn’t she?(前面部分谓语为
must have been doing。)
5.含有may表推测的句子,其反意问句形式与must表推测的反意问句形式
相似。
例如:She may have finished her homework,hasn’t she?

五、几组词语辨析
与have to:must强调说话者的主观看法,have to强调客观需要,
表示“不必”意要用needn’t或don’tdidn’twon’t have to,不能用
mustn’t。
ld与be able to:can多用于现在时,也可用于将来时,could
只用于过去时,be able to可用于各种时态。表示“过去经过努力而做成(或没
做成)”要用waswere(not) able to ,而不用could(not)。例如:He worked
hard,but he wasn’t able to pass the exam.
,would,used to:都可表“习惯”意。①will表示不受时间限制的
习惯性动作。如:Fish will die out of water. She’ll sit for hours without
saying anything.
②would表示过去习惯性的动作,但不涉及与现在情况的对比。如:He would walk
by the river in the morning.注意:would后不能跟表状态动词。例如不能说
He would be late for school last year. ③used to表示过去习惯性的动作
或状态,但这种习惯现在已不存在了。如:He used to get up early. He used
to be late for school.


情态动词考点分析
1.-Could I borrow your dictionary? (NMET)
-Yes,of course you________.

析:B、D意明显不合;A语气不妥,与of course不符。此题Could是表
Can意的委婉说法,并非过去时,所以答案应为C。
2.-Shall I tell John about it?
-No,you_________.I’ve told him already. (NMET)
’t ’t ’t D.
shoudn’t
析:B意明显不合用,可排除。mustn’t意“不许、 不得”,shouldn’t
意“不应该”都不合情景。只有needn’t表“不必”与下文“I’v e told him
already”相贴切。
3.-There were already five people in the car,but they managed to
take me as well.
-It_________a comfortable journey. (NMET)
’t be n’t be
’t have been ’t have been
析:A、B是对现在情况而言,与情景不合。表否定推测不能说mustn’t have
been,只有D选项“不可能是”意思切合,时态也对,故为正确答案。
fire spread through the hotel very quickly ,but
everyone________get out.
(NMET)
able
to to
析:根据题干提供的情 景B、D皆应排除。在A、C两选项中,因为根据情
景要选一个“经过努力能够”这样意思的词,故定答 案为C。
5.I told Sally how to get here,but perhaps I________for her.
to write it out have written it out
have written it out to write it out
析:A项意“(当时)不得不写出来”,不合题意;D项意“(现在)应写出来”
也不合题意;B项意“ (当时)肯定已写出来”明显不对。只有表“当初应该写出
来”意的C项才合上下文。
young man has made so much noise that he_________not have been
allowed to attend the concert. (上海高考题)

析:若选A。意“不可能已被允许?”与情景不合,应排除;B项不可选;
C项意“ 当时将不会被允许?”也与情况相悖。只有D“should not have been
allowed?”表示“当初不该让他?”才合题意。
7.-Can I help you,sir?
-Yes,I bought this radio here yesterday,but it______.(NMET)
’t work ’t work ’t
work ’t work
析:若选A。意“昨天不响(今天响了)”,不合题目情景;若选B。其意


是“当时不能 工作(现在能工作了)”,显然不合题;若选C。意为“这台收音
机根本不能工作(是废品)”这未免显 得武断;只有D表“这台机子不响(有毛
病)”意才能合理地表达来找商店服务员的原因
辨析]discover,find,invent

1.discover表示“偶然”或“经过努力”发现客观存在的事物、真理或错误。例如:


Columbus discovered America in 1492.哥伦布1492年发现了美洲。


We soon discovered the truth.我们很快就弄清了真相。


2.find意为“发现,找到”,指对某种事物的寻求,也指对丢失的事物的找到。例如:


We've found oil under the South Sea.我们已在南海发现了石油。


They finally found a way.他们终于找到了办法。


3.invent意为“发明”,指经过认识和实践创造出前所未有的事物。例如:


Who invented the telephone?是谁发明电话的?


He invented a new teaching method.他发明了一种新的教学方法。

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