个国际标准音标及发音规则

48个国际音标表
Vowels
元音

i:
?
p
?
∫
i
ɑ:
b
e
?
e
ei
t
m
t∫
?
ai
d
n
d?
З: ?
?
i
Λ u: ? ?:
?
? ?
?
a
?
I? e?
g
l
f
r
v s
h w
dz
Consonants
辅音

k
?
z
j
tr dr ts
英语国际音标共48个，其中20个元音，20个辅音，3个鼻音，2个半元音，3个似拼音

元音
长元音 ɑ: ?: ??: i:
U:

短元音 ?? e
音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.
元音:发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻 碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音
辅音:发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不 是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个
音.
开音节:1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e,这 时元音发字母本身的音。
如:kitecakenamebikemaketakehomeplane shine
2)辅音+元音如:hehigonodobetreethreehello
闭音节:1)辅音+元音+辅音:sitbedbadbaghothopletmadmaphead
2)元音+辅音如:itisofinonupoutant
1元音:
1)[i:]字母组合:eeeaeie
threetreegreensheepmeet beefseeseekeatteameatleaveleadteacherteammeanspeak clean
iecereceiveceiling

2)[i]发音字母iye
sitpictureitislistsixmixfixfi tpigbigbuildmissmythmanytwentyhappydictionarydefe< br>tdecidedelicious

3)[?]发音字母a
baghan dandanthappyhatmapmadbadblackbackgladflagshallman

4)[e]字母组合eaea
headbreadpleasureelepha ntelectricremembersellshelllessonbetterbeddeskhote lyesm
nyany

5)[ε:]字母组合irurearerorgirls hirtskirtthirtythirteenthirdbird
turnburnmurdernurseturtleThursdayburger
le arnearnearthheardtermhernerdserveworkwormworkworld

6)[ε]字母组合erorouaroaeu
teacherleaderre memberplayerspeakerfarmerpowderdoctoractormayoraut hordeliciousp
easurefamiliarcollardollartogethe rtomorrowtodaylessonWashingtoncontrolaroundac
o untagoelephantmantabananaCanadaJapanchinamenlisten Saturday
7) [
Λ
]发音字母uoouoo
8) upsup perlunchfungunhuntcupbuscomemotherdosebrotherlovea bove
9) troubleroughbloodflood
10) [u:]字母组合ooou
11) foodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgoo setoothshoedotwotruetruthbluefullprude

12) [
?
]字母组合ooouuo
13) lookg oodfootbookwoodshouldcouldputfullbullpullpushwoman wolf
14)
15)
16) 10）[
?:
]字母组合alorauourar
17) smallwallta lktallhallballcallwalkshortmorelordhorseforfortysp ortdoorfloors
reauthorcaughtautumnfourmourncour tboughtwarmquarrelquarter

11)[
?
]发音字母oa
hotlostlotfoxboxmophoplosscollarnot
wantwashwatch
12）[a:]字母组合ara
carfarmcardarmgarden
fastclasslastglassplantauntcalm

13)[ai]发音字母iy
bikefinefinddieninelightnighthighmytryflyeye

14)[au]字母组合ouow
houseoutflourgroundac countcountsoundloudaroundmouse
flowerdownnowcowhowtown
15）[ei]发音字母aayeaaiey
namecakelategateplaneApril
playsaymayway

greatbreak
rainpaintplain
theygrey

16)[
??
]发音字母oowoa
homecoldgonophonehostghost
knowlowbelowgrowblowshowflow
boatcoatgoal
17)[
??
]字母组合eerear
beerdeer
earnear
herefierceidea
18)[
??
]字母组合ourower
tour
19）[
??
]字母组合oyoi
boytoyjoyoilsoilvoicechoice
20）[
e?
]字母组合earairere
pearbearchairairfairtherewherecare


2容易混淆的元音

[
?
][e]
badbedhandheadmanmenlandlendpanpensadsaid
[i：][ei]
realrailgreetgreatmeanmainreadraid
[e][ai]
betbiteredwritesaidsideheadhide
[au][
?:
]
househorseloudlordsouthsa ucecloudclausenownorcountcorn
[
?
][
Λ
]
fanfuntantunsansontanktun

3辅音
1)[p]penpearplaypigpourpullpush

2)[b]bookbigbootbikebreadbreak
3）[m]manmakemoonmorningmovecomecomb
4）[f]fiveflyfineflagfrogfogroofknifelifewife
coughlaughroughphysicphotophone
5）[d]doordulldeskdadfoodland

6)[t]treetwotentonlentwant

7)[n]pentenninefinenightnoonmoonclean
8）[l ]longlandlendlordflyflagblackworldcoldcouldgoalsou l
9）[g]girlgoodgoalgoatgradelonglanguage

10)[k]kingkitekeylookcookbooksky(k在s后浊化为g)(发间字 母k)
cardcatcreamcorrectclimbcome(发音字母c)
foxboxx-ray(发音字母x)
schoolschedulescheme(字母组合ch)
11）[h]hothophomehousehorsehowwho


12)[
d?
]agelanguagecabbagevegetablestagebr idge
joyenjoyjoinJulyJunejunk
13）[t?]child chickenchinachairlunchouchcatchteach
14）[?]sheepshouldershipshoeshebrushwash
nationattentionstation
socialspecial
sure
15）
16）[r]readredrightrunroomwrite
17[s]sixsit studentsameseatkissmisscasescarf(发音字母s)

licensecityceasecedarceilingcelebrate(发音字母c)
piecejuicesciencelancespaceace(字母组合ce)
18)[z]zoozebrazerozapclosenosehosesupposepauseth osewhose

19)[
?
]thinkthankthreethirtytoothmouth

20)[
e
]thatthisthos
21）[j]yesyearyellyouyouryolkyellow

22 )[?]unclebankEnglishthinkthankjunksingkingmorninge vening

23)[v]veryeveningeveneveryvoicevest

24)[w]whenwhatwherewindowwindwood

25)[tr]treecountrytrytreattracktrunk

26)[dr]drydreamdropdrivedrink

27)[ts]studentsbootsboatsgoatsnuts

28)[dz]goodswoodsmoodshoods
4容易混淆的辅音
[v][w]
vestwestvetwetvinewineverywell
[s][
?
]
sinkthinkmassmathmissmythsortsought
[z][
e
]
closeclothbreezebreathe
[n][?]
thinthingsinsingranrangbanbangwinwing
5字母，组合音节发音规律
1）a[][][][][]
lateprivategradebakegrapenationstationpage
activehandbankfanparentfamilygladflag
acceptaboutaboveformativemachinecinema
fastlastglassclasspastfather
washwhatwatchwant
2）e[][][][]
appreciateextremelysecretshemehe
letterleftmessagegeneratepebble

decideprettypreviousresultrestore
problemprosperousstudentconfident
activetablelatewifestorelecture
3）i[]
highpricelibraryicecreamwifesizeline
fistpickchickenpianofiancécityunit
4）o[][][][][]
lodehostcoldnoteokayoldhome
losedowhowhoseprove
lovesomeothermotherhoneycompany
todaytomorrowtogethercontrolcollect
losthotmockofficesofthonest
5）u[][][][]
universityrefuseuniqueuniversehuge
putpushpullfullbull
butbrushbucketduckbubble58英语学习
supportsuggest
6）c[][]
countrycampcameracouragecable
cityceilingcelebratecellcease
7）g[][][]
girlgradeglassgladebagflag

villagevegetablebridgegentlemangym
longsongsingmorningevening
8)l[]
listenlearnlanguagecollectEnglishgorilla
worldcoldsoiltallsellcoolanimal
9)n[][]
moonnightnoodlenumber
unclehungryangryyoung
10)r[][]
rightreadwritegradeprogress
cardboarddoorfloorformnorth
11）y[][][]
yellowyearyellyoungyolk
universitycountryprettyhappy
dykedyingflybuybymy
12）ar[][][]
farmcardgardenmark
dollar
warmquarrelquarter
13)ea[][][][]
ceaseseasonbreathefeaturemeatplease
breadbreastbreathmeadowweather

greatbreak
idearealize
14)ear[][]
learnearthearnheard
hearnearclearearfear
15)er[][][]
deserveserveherperson
teacherdriverangersinger
seriousexperiencemysteriousfierce
16）ere[][]
heremereferesere
there
17)ir[][]
shirtgirlskirt
admiredesire
18)oo[][][][]
roomtoolcoolmoonnoongooffood
goodfootstoodwoodwoolcookwoodbook
bloodflood
doorfloor
19)or[][][]
shortformcornbornfor

workworldwormwordworst
tractordoctoractorsectorseniorsenator
20)oor[][]
doorfloor
moorpoorboor
21)our[][]
hourtourflourbournlour
pourcourtfourmourn
22)ou[][][]
housemouthmousesoundfound
enoughtroubletouch
deliciousgraciousprosperous
23)ow[][]
windowmeadowknowshowlow
nowtownhowdowncow
24)se[][]
nosesupposegoseloseposerose
mousehouse
25)th[][]
thankthinkthoughtcloth
clothesthatthisthenthan
26)sion[][]

tensionprogressionpassion
provisionconclusiontelevision
27)tion[][](不常见)
stationnationtranslationattention
question