chef怎么读-丙烯腈是什么

史上最全英语音标发音及拼读规则教程
一. 英 语 音 标:48 个
国 际 音 标 图
.
二. 音节与音节划分知识
1. 音节
以元音为主体构成的发音单位,一般说来元音发音响亮,可以构成音节,
辅音
发音不响亮,不能单独构成音节([m] [n] [? ]
[l]例外)。从单词拼写形式上
看,有几个元音字母就有几个音节
2.
音节的划分
① 在重读音节和非重读音节的相邻处有两个辅音字母时,一个辅音字母组
属于前面的音节,一个属于后面的音节。
例如:let-ter,mem-
ber,chil-dren,daugh-ter
② 在重读和非重读音节的相
邻处只有一个辅音字母时,如果前面重读音节
里的元音是长音则辅字组属于后面一个音节,如果重读音节
里的元音是短音,
则辅音字母属于重读音节。
例如:长音 pa-
per,stu-dent,fa-ther,ze-ro,mo-tor,far-ther
短音 sev-en,stud-y,moth-er,ver-y,mod-le
,weath-er
3. 重读音节
单词中读
音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时,应使用
重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节
,标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。
4. 开音节
①
绝对开音节:单个元音字母后面没有辅音字母的重读音节。
例如:no,blue,ba-by,stu-dent,se-cret
②
相对开音节:单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个不发音字母
e构成的重读音节。
例如:name,these,bike,home,excuse
5.
闭音节
单个元音字母后面有辅音字母(r、w、y
除外)且以辅音字母结尾的重读音节。
例如:bag,egg,fish,not,cup
6.
双音节词重读规则
① 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。
例如:stu-dent,Chi-na,sec-ond,au-tumn
② 含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在
第二个音节上
重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。
例如:a-bout,be-fore,ex-cuse,re-pair,for-get-
ful,in-ven-tor
7. 多音节词重读规则
多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。
例如:el-e-
phant
词尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的词,在-ic或-
sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。
例如:scien-
tific,im-pression,na-tion
三. 英语单词拼读规则
1、元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母
a
e
在开音节中
在闭音节中
在开音节中
在闭音节中
读
音
[ei]
[?]
[i:]
[e]
例 词
name plane Jane baby
cake
bag dad hat map black back
he
these me Chinese
bed let pen desk yes
egg
i
o
u
在开音节中
在闭音节中
在开音节中
在闭音节中
在开音节中
在闭音节中
[ai]
[i]
[?u]
[?]
[ju:]
[? ]
bike fly drive time
nice kite
fish big drink sit milk swim
those close go hoe home no
clock not
box shop sock
student excuse duty
Tuesday
bus cup jump much lunch
在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue
ruler super
2、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母
a
e
i
o
u
读 音
[?]
[i]
[?]
[i]
[i]
[ai]
[?]
[?u]
[?]
[ju:]
例 词
China another woman
breakfast
orange comrade village
cabbage
hundred student open weekend
chicken pocket begin children
holiday
beautiful family animal
exercise
satellite
second tonight somebody
welcome
also zero photo
autumn
diffcult
popular congratulation
January
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:operate
u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July
influence Februar
y issue
在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母a e i 既可以读作[?]音可以读作[i]音。
3、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母
a在[w]音后面
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前
i在-nd -ld和gh前
o在-st -ld前
o在m n
v th前
读 音
[?]
[α:]
[ai]
[?u]
[?]
例 词
want what watch wash quality
after
plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
find child light high
most postcard
old cold
come monkey love mother
4、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
arar在[w]音后面
oror在[w]音后面
er ir ur
读 音
[α:]
[?:]
[?:]
[?:]
[?:]
例 词
car farm
dark sharpener
warm quarter towards
forty morning short
word worker
worse
certainly bird Thursday
辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-
r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。
例如: carry sorry hurry
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[?]音,例如:dollar teacher forget
Saturday
5、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
are
ere
ire
ore
ure
读 音
[ε?]
[i?]
[ai?]
[?:]
[ju?]
care dare hare
here
mere
fire hire wire
more score
before
pure cure
例 词
are ere ire
ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[t??]音或[??],例如:
picture pleasure
重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,
字母Rr读[r]音。例如:parent zero story during
inspiring
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如:orange
very American paragraph
6、元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
aiay
读 音
[ei]
例 词
afraid
rain wait day play
air
al
al在f m前
auaw
ea
[ε?]
[?:l]
[?:l]
[α:]
[?:]
[i:]
[e]
[ei]
[i?]
air hair chair pair
repair
small ball talk wall all
always also salt almost
half calm
autumn daughter draw
teach easy cheap
please
heavy bread sweater weather
break great
hear dear near clear
year
bear pear wear swear
earth
learn early
jeep week green three
pioneer deer beer
eight neighbour
they
either key
new few
newspaper
flew brew jewelry
piece
field receive
coat Joan boat goal
roar board door floor
noise point boy
toilet
broom food tooth school
book look cook foot good
flower house
count down
know row throw though
young country enough
group you
soup
course your four
our hour
ours
journey
fluid suicide tuition
suit
juice fruit
ear
ee
eer
eiey
euew在j l r
s后
ieei[s]音之后
oa
oaroor
oioy
oo
[ε?]
[?:]
[i:]
[i?]
[ei]
[i:]
[ju:]
[u:]
[i:]
[?u]
[?:]
[?i]
[u:]
[u]
[au]
[?u]
[?]
[u:]
[?:]
ouow
our
[au?]
[?:]
[ju:i]
ui在j l r s后
[u:]
7、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音
元音字组或字群
aiay eiey
ow
-sion -tion
-sion在元音字母后
-tion在s后
-sten
-stle
-sure
-ture
读 音
[i]
[?u]
[??n]
[??n]
[t??n]
[sn]
[sl]
[??]
[t??]
例
词
Sunday foreign monkey
yellow
sparrow tomorrow
impression nation
vision decision occasion
question
suggestion
listen
whistle
pleasure measure
picture culture
8、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读
规则拼读。例如:everyday[ei]
handbag[?]blackboard[?:]
有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词。其中的
非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如:sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 >
Sunday
[i] 星期天 holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 >
holiday[i] 假日 break中断 +
fast[a:]斋戒 >
breakfast[?]早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板[?:] > cupboard[?:]
碗柜
9、辅字组的读音
辅字组
b
读 音
[b]
[]
[k]
[s]
[t?]
ch
[k]
[?]
-ck
d
-dge
dr-
[k]
[d]
[d?]
[dr]
例 词
bike bus
bag
bomb tomb
cake picture coat
musi
c
face decide cinema
much
chick rich teacher
school headache
chemis
try
machine Chicago
cock
pocket black knock
doctor bread hand
day
bridge fridge
children driver
drink
cc在e前或在iy前
f
gg在e iy前
gh
gu-
-guegu在非重读音节中
h
j
k
kn-
l
m
-mn
nn在[k] [g]音前
-ng
p
ph
q
qu-
r
s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前
sc-
sh
t在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前
tch
th在通常情况下在冠词 代词 介词 连词中在词尾-
the -ther中
tr-
v
[?]
[f]
[g]
[d?]
[f]
[]
[g]
[gw]
[h]
[]
[d?]
[k]
[n]
[l]
[m]
[m]
[n]
[?]
[n]
[p]
[f]
[k]
[kw]
[r]
[s]
[z]
[sk]
[s]
[?]
[t]
[?]
[t?]
[θ]
[?]
[tr]
[v]
five four
breakfast
bag gardon go
orange
large German
cough enough photo
light daughter high
guess league
dialogue
language anguish
hot head
house hand
hour honest
jeep jar
joke join July
kind bike skate make
week
knife know knock
life
milk school tall
monkey come autumn
autumn column solemn
not shine ten
note
uncle thank hungry
morning
young wrong
paper plane pig ship
p
en
elephant photo telepho
ne
Iraq
quality quite
red rubber
ruler
sit sleep desk
music
husband
scar
muscle science
she fish shirt wash
ten letter
meet
patient nation
watch
thin thirty method
the these with
than
clothe father weather
tree
train country truck
very voice love
leave
w
[w]
[]
week win wake sweet
wait
answer
two
what when white why
who whose
whole
box text exercise
examle
exist exact
write
yes yard yellow
young
puzzle zero zoo
wh-wh-在字母o前
x在重读元音前
wr-
y-
z
[w]
[h]
[ks]
[gz]
[r]
[j]
[z]
四. 英语拼读发音练习
一.与元音字母A
相关的单词:
1.[ei] a在开音节中:发字母音,后面有不发音的e
face脸;grade年级;cake蛋糕;lake湖;
make制造;take拿到;
snake蛇;name名字;
same相同;plane飞机;grapes葡萄;date日
期;
Kate
凯特;plate盘子; mane鬃毛;
2.[?] a在闭音节中:
black黑色的;dad爸爸;sad悲伤的;bag书包;am是;
Sam萨姆
lamp灯;an一(个---);can能;fan电风扇;man男人;
and和;hand手;t
hank感谢;map地图;has有; cat猫;
fat肥胖的;that那个;hat帽子;rabbit兔子 family家庭
camel骆驼
3.[a:] ar组合:
car小汽车
;far远的;star星星;card卡片;scarf围巾;marker水彩
笔
market市场 department store百货商店 apartment
building公寓;
hard努力地,硬的;park公园;arm胳臂;farm农场;
4.[ei]
ai组合;
tail尾巴;rainy下雨的;train火车;
wait等;waiter男服务员;waitress女服务员
5.[??]
air组合:
air空气;hair头发;chair椅子 stairs楼梯
6.[ei] ay组合:
day天,日;today今天;play玩;may可以;May五月;say说;
way道路,方法; stay逗留
7. [i] ay组合:
Sunday 星期日 Monday星期一 Tuesday星期二
Wednesday星期三
Thursday星期四 Friday星期五
Saturday星期六
8.[?:] al组合:
talk说话;walk走;chalk粉笔;
9. [?:l]
all组合:
all所有的
ball球;small小的;tall高的;wall墙; mall大厅;
call称呼,打电话;fall秋天,跌落
10.[ a:s
]as或ass组合
ask问;class班级;glass玻璃杯;pass传递;gra
ss草;last最后的;
11. [?] a
wash
洗 what什么 watch看,手表 want 想要
12. [?:] aw组合
paws爪子 draw画
二.与元音字母 E 相关的单词:
1.[i:]
e在开音节中:发字母音
be是;he他;she她;me我;we我们;these这些;Chinese汉语;
2.[e] e在闭音节中:
bed
床;red红色的;leg腿;spell拼写;hen母鸡;then那么;
when什么时候;pen钢笔;ten十;dress女裙;let让;
3.[i?] ere组合;
here这儿
4. [??]
ere组合
there 那儿;where哪儿
4.[i:]
ea组合;
sea 海洋;tea茶;peach桃子;teacher教师;read读;
please请;eat
吃;meat肉;seat座位; beak鸟嘴 dream做梦
leaves树叶
5.[e] ea组合;
head头;bread面包;feather羽毛;weather天气;
6.[i?] ear组合:
ear耳朵;dear亲爱的;hear听见;
near在……附近
7.[??] ear组合:
bear熊;pear梨
8.[?:] ear组合:
early早;year年;learn学,学会
9.[i:]
ee组合:
bee 蜜蜂;three三;tree树;see看见;need需要;
week周,星期;feel
感觉;green绿色;thirteen十三; sheep绵羊;
sleep睡觉;
feet脚(复数);meet遇见;feed喂养
三.与元音字母 I 相关的单词:
1.[ai]
i在开音节中:发字母音
hi
喂;I我;ice冰;nice好的;rice米饭;ride骑;beside在---旁边;
bike自行车;like喜欢;time时间;fine(身体)好;nine九;
white白色的;write写;kite风筝;five五;drive驾驶
inside在……里面 outside在……外面
2.[i]
i在闭音节中:
which
哪一个;chick小鸡;sick病的;big大的;pig猪;milk牛奶;
him他;swim游泳;in在---里面;begin开始;sing唱歌;
pink粉红色;drink喝;ship轮船;is是;his他的;this这个;
fish鱼;Miss女士;it它;sit坐;six六
3.[?:]
ir组合:
bird鸟; shirt(男)衬衫; skirt短裙
sir先生
girl 女孩 circle圆圈
thirty三十 thirteen十三 thirsty渴的
四.与元音字母 O 相关的单词:
1.[?u ]
o在开音节中:发字母音
go去;no不;so这样,这么;phone电话机;those
那些;close关闭;
nose鼻子;rose玫瑰花 home家 rope绳子
hole洞
2.[?] o在闭音节中;
clock钟;dog狗;on在---上面;long长的;song歌曲;
shop商店;stop停止;hot热的;not不;donkey驴 hop双脚跳
orange橘子 ostrich鸵鸟 rock岩石
3. [Λ]
o
mother妈妈 brother哥哥,弟弟 come来 some一些
other其他
的
stomach胃,肚子 Monday星期一
monkey猴子
4.[?:] or组合:
or
或者;for为了;short短的,矮的;forty四十;horse马;store商店
5.[?u ] oa组合;
road
路;boat小船;coat上衣;goat山羊;soap香皂
6.[u: ]
oo组合;
too也;zoo动物园;cool凉的;school学校;room房间;m
oon月亮;
afternoon下午;spoon汤勺;kangaroo袋鼠
7.[ u ] oo组合:
good好的;foot脚;cla
ssroom教师;look看;book书;cookies饼干
8、[au]
ou组合:
cloudy多云的;house房子;mouse老鼠;about大约;
mouth嘴;blouse女式衬衫 mountain大山
10、[au ]
ow组合:
cow母牛;how怎样,多少;now现在;brown棕色的;
down向下 flower花
11. [?u ] ow组合:
slow慢的;know知道;
五.与元音字母 U
相关的单词:
1.[ ju: ] u在开音节中发字母音
excuse 原谅;use使用;
2.[Λ] u在闭音节中:
much 很;jump跳;run跑;sun太阳;up向上;cup小茶杯;
but但是 bus公交车;umbrella雨伞;
hundred百;cut剪,切;
mum妈妈;under在……下面;underline在……下面划线;
number数字;understand理解 truck卡车
trunk象鼻
hug拥抱 duck鸭子
3.[?: ] ur组合:
nurse护士;turn轮流; hurt伤,疼;fur皮毛
六. Y 与 I 的发音相似
在开音节中读[ai
]
sky天空;fly飞;July七月;my我的;try试,努力;
why为什么;eye眼睛;bye再见
四.
英语拼读发音练习
英语自然拼读学习的六阶成功法
第一阶:建立字母与字母自然发音之间的直接联系。
第二阶:能够成功拼读元音+辅音(辅音+元音)。如:c-a ca a-t at
第三阶:能够成功拼读辅音+元音+辅音。如d-o-g dog
第四阶:能够成功拼读双音节或多音节单词。如sw-ea-t-er sweater
第五阶:能够听音辨字,即听到单词读音就能拼出该单词。
第六阶:单词量大量扩充,能够阅读英语文章。
1.
自然拼读法的第一步是掌握二十六个字母的读音 (Letter Sounds).
其
中五个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u)发两种音。
2.
第二步是进行单元音字母的拼读练习,如:Sam, cat, mat, 等等.
3.
第三步, 是固定读音的单词 : the, a, is, to, have 等.
4.
第四步,是一个单词里有两个元音时,前边一个元音发字母音, 后边一
个元音不发音,如:make,
made, sea, five, nine, road等等.
5.
第五步, 是双三辅音在一起时怎么联读, 如: bl(ack),
str(eet)等;有一
些辅音不发音,如:ghost,comb,
lamb等;要掌握一下和联在一起的
发音:ch, sh, th, wh。
6.
第六步,是特殊读法:
单音节词,以元音结尾, 这个元音发字母音. 如:me, hi,
go 等等
Irregular: ar (car), ay(hay, may,
say), igh (high, night, might), ew
(new), er
(sister, brother), ur(burn, hurt), ir (girl, fir,
firm), or (horn),
eigh (eight), oi (oil,
boil), oy(boy), ow等有其特别的发音.和 在
一起时, 发一个音:
quick, black等.
自然拼音拼读练习表
第一天:
a , e, i , o, u, a_e,
e_e, i_e, o_e, u_e
Aa : mat
map bag cat hat fan bat apple
Ee: egg
well red pen net hen bed bell
Ii: lick
six bib pig pin kiss ink hill
Oo: ox on
octopus box sock operate ostrich
Uu: sun
umbrella cup bus nut gun uncle under
cape
name tape lake game make take hate
these
Japanese Chinese
bite five nine kite mine
nice ride side
rose nose rope note
pose home rode those
tube cube June cute
huge
第二天:
ai, ay, ee,
ea, ey, ie, igh, oa, ow, ui, ue
ai: tail rain paint pain jail rail nail
maid
ay: bay ray way say hay pay May
lay
ee: reeds eel bee peel jeep feet see
teeth
ea: sea meat peanut eagle peach tea
leaf pea
ey: donkey monkey jockey turkey
monkey hockey key trolley
ie: tie pie lie
die
igh: right sight night tight hight
fight high sigh
oa: road toast toad coal
goat boat coat soap
ow: rainbow pillow
yellow window bowl row hollow low
ui:
suit juice fruit
ue: Sue blue glue
true
第三天:
ar, er, ir,
ur, or
ar: arm car armchair card
cart farm park garden
er: sister
brother under rooster winter mermaid marker
mother
ir: birthday circus dirty bird
circle dirt girl
ur: turtle surfing
turkey fur hurt purse nurse
or: porch
pork horse horn fort morning corn fork
第四天:
ou, ow, oi, oy, au, aw,
oo, oo, ea
ou: house out mouth
count fountain mountain shout mouse
ow:
cow towel clown owl crown brown flower tower
oi: coin oil point noise boil soil poison
coil
oy: oyster boy cowboy soy toy
au: august sause sausage naughty autumn
applause
aw: paw draw saw straw
strawberry lawn
oo: moon zoo roof rooster
boots food spoon room cool fool boom
foolish
oo: book cook good foot look
hook
ea: head sweater sweat pear lead
bear leather feather
第五天:
ch,
sh, wh, ph, th, th, kn, wr, mb
ch: beach lunch cheese bench
church chicken chair cherry
sh: sheep
shirt ship fish dish push shoes shovel
wh:
whale white wheel wheat whip whistle wheel chair
whisper
ph: photo elephant telephone
trophy pharmacy alphabet
th: brother
feather leather father mother
th: thumb
three bathmat thirsty thief bath mouth teeth
kn: knob knee knife knock knit
wr:
wrist wrinkle wrap wreath write
mb: thumb
lamb bomb comb crumb numb
第六天:
bl,
fl, pl, cl, gl, br, cr, gr, pr,
fr, tr,
bl: blue black blouse bloom bleach
blanket blonde hair
fl: flat flu fly
flame flute floor flag flower
pl: plane
play plus planet platform plum plate plant
cl: clock cloud clean clay climb close clap
clown
gl: glove globe glass glue glasses
glider
br: bright brook brim bride brown
bread brick brother
cr: crown crab cream
crow crayon crocodile cry croissant
gr:
gray green grass grapes ground grow grandma
pr: prixe price prawn press prince princess
pray
dr
fr:
frog frost Friday French fries fruit front friend
frame
tr: tractor truck train tray tree
triangle trunk trolley
dr: dream drum dry
drop draw drive dress drink
第七天:
sm, sn, sl, sw, sp, st , sc, sk,
all, ew, y
sm: smile small smell
smoke smooth
sn: snowman snow snore snake
snail sneakers sneakers snack
sl: slow
slap sleep slide slope sled
sw: switch
swallow swan swim sweet swing sweater sweat
sp: spider spaceship spinach spoon spell
st: stockings store star stamp storm stick
student stand
sc: scarf scooter scanner
scarecrow scale scorpion scoop
sk: skunk
skis skirt skates
all: call tall fall
ball wall
ew: dew few view hew new nephew
newspaper
y: sky fly dry spy type shy cry
my
Miny sunny puppy dizzy dirty pony
happy baby
自然拼音强化练习:
Tongue
twister
1.A big black bear sat>2.A
big black bug bit a big black dog>,
Cat, catch
that fat rat.
4.A fat cat catches a mad
rat.
glue gun, green glue gun.
background, brown background.
7.A noisy
noise annoys an oyster.
8.A good cook can
cook good cookies.
noon I took a good
book,and sat by the pool in the wood.I soon
took off my put my foot in the ! How cool,
how
cool.
hunter and his huge horse
hide behind in house.
11. Betty better
butter Brad's bread.
tiny tigers take two
taxis to town.
first is the third is the
third can be the first,
The first can be the
third.
, this girl wearing a dirty skirt
is not the first, but the third.
15.A flea
and a fly flew up in a flue. Said the flea,
fly,
16. I wish you were a fish in my
dish.
's three sheep are near the green
jeep.
are thirty -three thousand three
hundred and thirty-three
feathers>
r father nor mother likes this
weather.
mutually-planes怎么读
满的成语-赳怎么读
这边那边-澳门英文
intravenous-sect
眼珠子-浩气长存的意思
菊花什么意思-拖地英语
助消化的药-鸡蛋英语
水浒传观后感-英语四级报名网址
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