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史上最全英语音标发音及拼读规则教程

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2020-10-25 14:09
tags:国际音标发音

chef怎么读-丙烯腈是什么

2020年10月25日发(作者:霍子乐)


史上最全英语音标发音及拼读规则教程

一. 英 语 音 标:48 个 国 际 音 标 图
.


二. 音节与音节划分知识

1. 音节

以元音为主体构成的发音单位,一般说来元音发音响亮,可以构成音节, 辅音
发音不响亮,不能单独构成音节([m] [n] [? ] [l]例外)。从单词拼写形式上
看,有几个元音字母就有几个音节

2. 音节的划分

① 在重读音节和非重读音节的相邻处有两个辅音字母时,一个辅音字母组
属于前面的音节,一个属于后面的音节。


例如:let-ter,mem- ber,chil-dren,daugh-ter


② 在重读和非重读音节的相 邻处只有一个辅音字母时,如果前面重读音节
里的元音是长音则辅字组属于后面一个音节,如果重读音节 里的元音是短音,
则辅音字母属于重读音节。


例如:长音 pa- per,stu-dent,fa-ther,ze-ro,mo-tor,far-ther

短音 sev-en,stud-y,moth-er,ver-y,mod-le ,weath-er


3. 重读音节

单词中读 音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时,应使用
重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节 ,标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。

4. 开音节

① 绝对开音节:单个元音字母后面没有辅音字母的重读音节。


例如:no,blue,ba-by,stu-dent,se-cret


② 相对开音节:单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个不发音字母
e构成的重读音节。


例如:name,these,bike,home,excuse

5. 闭音节

单个元音字母后面有辅音字母(r、w、y 除外)且以辅音字母结尾的重读音节。


例如:bag,egg,fish,not,cup

6. 双音节词重读规则

① 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。


例如:stu-dent,Chi-na,sec-ond,au-tumn


② 含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在 第二个音节上
重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。

例如:a-bout,be-fore,ex-cuse,re-pair,for-get- ful,in-ven-tor

7. 多音节词重读规则

多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。


例如:el-e- phant


词尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的词,在-ic或- sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。


例如:scien- tific,im-pression,na-tion




三. 英语单词拼读规则


1、元音字母在重读音节中的读音

元音字母

a

e

在开音节中

在闭音节中

在开音节中

在闭音节中

读 音

[ei]

[?]

[i:]

[e]

例 词

name plane Jane baby cake

bag dad hat map black back

he these me Chinese

bed let pen desk yes egg


i

o

u

在开音节中

在闭音节中

在开音节中

在闭音节中

在开音节中

在闭音节中

[ai]

[i]

[?u]

[?]

[ju:]

[? ]

bike fly drive time nice kite

fish big drink sit milk swim

those close go hoe home no

clock not box shop sock

student excuse duty Tuesday

bus cup jump much lunch

在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super


2、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音

元音字母

a

e

i

o

u

读 音

[?]

[i]

[?]

[i]

[i]

[ai]

[?]

[?u]

[?]

[ju:]

例 词

China another woman breakfast

orange comrade village cabbage

hundred student open weekend

chicken pocket begin children

holiday beautiful family animal

exercise satellite

second tonight somebody welcome

also zero photo

autumn diffcult

popular congratulation January

动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:operate

u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July influence Februar
y issue

在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母a e i 既可以读作[?]音可以读作[i]音。


3、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音

元音字母

a在[w]音后面

a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前

i在-nd -ld和gh前

o在-st -ld前

o在m n v th前

读 音

[?]

[α:]

[ai]

[?u]

[?]

例 词

want what watch wash quality

after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father

find child light high

most postcard old cold

come monkey love mother



4、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组

arar在[w]音后面

oror在[w]音后面

er ir ur

读 音

[α:]

[?:]

[?:]

[?:]

[?:]

例 词

car farm dark sharpener

warm quarter towards

forty morning short

word worker worse

certainly bird Thursday

辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成- r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。
例如: carry sorry hurry

-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[?]音,例如:dollar teacher forget Saturday


5、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组

are

ere

ire

ore

ure

读 音

[ε?]

[i?]

[ai?]

[?:]

[ju?]

care dare hare

here mere

fire hire wire

more score before

pure cure


例 词

are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[t??]音或[??],例如:

picture pleasure

重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,

字母Rr读[r]音。例如:parent zero story during inspiring

某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如:orange very American paragraph


6、元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组

aiay

读 音

[ei]

例 词

afraid rain wait day play


air

al

al在f m前

auaw

ea

[ε?]

[?:l]

[?:l]

[α:]

[?:]

[i:]

[e]

[ei]

[i?]

air hair chair pair repair

small ball talk wall all

always also salt almost

half calm

autumn daughter draw

teach easy cheap please

heavy bread sweater weather

break great

hear dear near clear year

bear pear wear swear

earth learn early

jeep week green three

pioneer deer beer

eight neighbour they

either key

new few newspaper

flew brew jewelry

piece field receive

coat Joan boat goal

roar board door floor

noise point boy toilet

broom food tooth school

book look cook foot good

flower house count down

know row throw though

young country enough

group you soup

course your four

our hour ours

journey

fluid suicide tuition suit

juice fruit

ear

ee

eer

eiey

euew在j l r s后

ieei[s]音之后

oa

oaroor

oioy

oo

[ε?]

[?:]

[i:]

[i?]

[ei]

[i:]

[ju:]

[u:]

[i:]

[?u]

[?:]

[?i]

[u:]

[u]

[au]

[?u]

[?]

[u:]

[?:]

ouow

our

[au?]

[?:]

[ju:i]

ui在j l r s后

[u:]


7、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音


元音字组或字群

aiay eiey

ow

-sion -tion

-sion在元音字母后

-tion在s后

-sten

-stle

-sure

-ture

读 音

[i]

[?u]

[??n]

[??n]

[t??n]

[sn]

[sl]

[??]

[t??]

例 词

Sunday foreign monkey

yellow sparrow tomorrow

impression nation

vision decision occasion

question suggestion

listen

whistle

pleasure measure

picture culture


8、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音

复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读

规则拼读。例如:everyday[ei] handbag[?]blackboard[?:]

有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词。其中的

非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如:sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 > Sunday

[i] 星期天 holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 > holiday[i] 假日 break中断 +

fast[a:]斋戒 > breakfast[?]早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板[?:] > cupboard[?:] 碗柜


9、辅字组的读音

辅字组

b

读 音

[b]

[]

[k]

[s]

[t?]

ch

[k]

[?]

-ck

d

-dge

dr-

[k]

[d]

[d?]

[dr]

例 词

bike bus bag

bomb tomb

cake picture coat musi
c

face decide cinema

much chick rich teacher

school headache chemis
try

machine Chicago

cock pocket black knock

doctor bread hand day

bridge fridge

children driver drink

cc在e前或在iy前


f

gg在e iy前

gh

gu- -guegu在非重读音节中

h

j

k

kn-

l

m

-mn

nn在[k] [g]音前

-ng

p

ph

q

qu-

r

s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前

sc-

sh

t在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前

tch

th在通常情况下在冠词 代词 介词 连词中在词尾-
the -ther中

tr-

v

[?]

[f]

[g]

[d?]

[f]

[]

[g]

[gw]

[h]

[]

[d?]

[k]

[n]

[l]

[m]

[m]

[n]

[?]

[n]

[p]

[f]

[k]

[kw]

[r]

[s]

[z]

[sk]

[s]

[?]

[t]

[?]

[t?]

[θ]

[?]

[tr]

[v]

five four breakfast

bag gardon go

orange large German

cough enough photo

light daughter high

guess league dialogue

language anguish

hot head house hand

hour honest

jeep jar joke join July

kind bike skate make
week

knife know knock

life milk school tall

monkey come autumn

autumn column solemn

not shine ten note

uncle thank hungry

morning young wrong

paper plane pig ship p
en

elephant photo telepho
ne

Iraq

quality quite

red rubber ruler

sit sleep desk

music husband

scar

muscle science

she fish shirt wash

ten letter meet

patient nation

watch

thin thirty method

the these with than

clothe father weather

tree train country truck

very voice love leave


w

[w]

[]

week win wake sweet
wait

answer two

what when white why

who whose whole

box text exercise

examle exist exact

write

yes yard yellow young

puzzle zero zoo
wh-wh-在字母o前

x在重读元音前

wr-

y-

z

[w]

[h]

[ks]

[gz]

[r]

[j]

[z]






四. 英语拼读发音练习


一.与元音字母A 相关的单词:

1.[ei] a在开音节中:发字母音,后面有不发音的e

face脸;grade年级;cake蛋糕;lake湖; make制造;take拿到;

snake蛇;name名字; same相同;plane飞机;grapes葡萄;date日
期;

Kate 凯特;plate盘子; mane鬃毛;

2.[?] a在闭音节中:

black黑色的;dad爸爸;sad悲伤的;bag书包;am是;

Sam萨姆 lamp灯;an一(个---);can能;fan电风扇;man男人;
and和;hand手;t hank感谢;map地图;has有; cat猫;

fat肥胖的;that那个;hat帽子;rabbit兔子 family家庭 camel骆驼

3.[a:] ar组合:


car小汽车 ;far远的;star星星;card卡片;scarf围巾;marker水彩
笔 market市场 department store百货商店 apartment
building公寓;

hard努力地,硬的;park公园;arm胳臂;farm农场;

4.[ei] ai组合;

tail尾巴;rainy下雨的;train火车;

wait等;waiter男服务员;waitress女服务员

5.[??] air组合:

air空气;hair头发;chair椅子 stairs楼梯

6.[ei] ay组合:

day天,日;today今天;play玩;may可以;May五月;say说;

way道路,方法; stay逗留

7. [i] ay组合:

Sunday 星期日 Monday星期一 Tuesday星期二 Wednesday星期三

Thursday星期四 Friday星期五 Saturday星期六

8.[?:] al组合:

talk说话;walk走;chalk粉笔;

9. [?:l] all组合:

all所有的 ball球;small小的;tall高的;wall墙; mall大厅;

call称呼,打电话;fall秋天,跌落

10.[ a:s ]as或ass组合

ask问;class班级;glass玻璃杯;pass传递;gra ss草;last最后的;


11. [?] a

wash 洗 what什么 watch看,手表 want 想要

12. [?:] aw组合

paws爪子 draw画



二.与元音字母 E 相关的单词:

1.[i:] e在开音节中:发字母音

be是;he他;she她;me我;we我们;these这些;Chinese汉语;

2.[e] e在闭音节中:

bed 床;red红色的;leg腿;spell拼写;hen母鸡;then那么;

when什么时候;pen钢笔;ten十;dress女裙;let让;

3.[i?] ere组合;

here这儿

4. [??] ere组合

there 那儿;where哪儿

4.[i:] ea组合;

sea 海洋;tea茶;peach桃子;teacher教师;read读; please请;eat
吃;meat肉;seat座位; beak鸟嘴 dream做梦 leaves树叶

5.[e] ea组合;

head头;bread面包;feather羽毛;weather天气;

6.[i?] ear组合:

ear耳朵;dear亲爱的;hear听见; near在……附近


7.[??] ear组合:

bear熊;pear梨

8.[?:] ear组合:

early早;year年;learn学,学会

9.[i:] ee组合:

bee 蜜蜂;three三;tree树;see看见;need需要; week周,星期;feel
感觉;green绿色;thirteen十三; sheep绵羊; sleep睡觉;

feet脚(复数);meet遇见;feed喂养



三.与元音字母 I 相关的单词:

1.[ai] i在开音节中:发字母音

hi 喂;I我;ice冰;nice好的;rice米饭;ride骑;beside在---旁边;

bike自行车;like喜欢;time时间;fine(身体)好;nine九;

white白色的;write写;kite风筝;five五;drive驾驶

inside在……里面 outside在……外面

2.[i] i在闭音节中:

which 哪一个;chick小鸡;sick病的;big大的;pig猪;milk牛奶;

him他;swim游泳;in在---里面;begin开始;sing唱歌;

pink粉红色;drink喝;ship轮船;is是;his他的;this这个;

fish鱼;Miss女士;it它;sit坐;six六

3.[?:] ir组合:

bird鸟; shirt(男)衬衫; skirt短裙 sir先生


girl 女孩 circle圆圈 thirty三十 thirteen十三 thirsty渴的



四.与元音字母 O 相关的单词:

1.[?u ] o在开音节中:发字母音

go去;no不;so这样,这么;phone电话机;those 那些;close关闭;
nose鼻子;rose玫瑰花 home家 rope绳子 hole洞

2.[?] o在闭音节中;

clock钟;dog狗;on在---上面;long长的;song歌曲;

shop商店;stop停止;hot热的;not不;donkey驴 hop双脚跳

orange橘子 ostrich鸵鸟 rock岩石

3. [Λ] o

mother妈妈 brother哥哥,弟弟 come来 some一些 other其他


stomach胃,肚子 Monday星期一 monkey猴子

4.[?:] or组合:

or 或者;for为了;short短的,矮的;forty四十;horse马;store商店

5.[?u ] oa组合;

road 路;boat小船;coat上衣;goat山羊;soap香皂

6.[u: ] oo组合;

too也;zoo动物园;cool凉的;school学校;room房间;m oon月亮;
afternoon下午;spoon汤勺;kangaroo袋鼠

7.[ u ] oo组合:


good好的;foot脚;cla ssroom教师;look看;book书;cookies饼干

8、[au] ou组合:

cloudy多云的;house房子;mouse老鼠;about大约;

mouth嘴;blouse女式衬衫 mountain大山

10、[au ] ow组合:

cow母牛;how怎样,多少;now现在;brown棕色的;

down向下 flower花

11. [?u ] ow组合:

slow慢的;know知道;



五.与元音字母 U 相关的单词:

1.[ ju: ] u在开音节中发字母音

excuse 原谅;use使用;

2.[Λ] u在闭音节中:

much 很;jump跳;run跑;sun太阳;up向上;cup小茶杯;

but但是 bus公交车;umbrella雨伞; hundred百;cut剪,切;

mum妈妈;under在……下面;underline在……下面划线;

number数字;understand理解 truck卡车

trunk象鼻 hug拥抱 duck鸭子

3.[?: ] ur组合:

nurse护士;turn轮流; hurt伤,疼;fur皮毛



六. Y 与 I 的发音相似

在开音节中读[ai ]

sky天空;fly飞;July七月;my我的;try试,努力;

why为什么;eye眼睛;bye再见




四. 英语拼读发音练习


英语自然拼读学习的六阶成功法

第一阶:建立字母与字母自然发音之间的直接联系。

第二阶:能够成功拼读元音+辅音(辅音+元音)。如:c-a ca a-t at

第三阶:能够成功拼读辅音+元音+辅音。如d-o-g dog

第四阶:能够成功拼读双音节或多音节单词。如sw-ea-t-er sweater

第五阶:能够听音辨字,即听到单词读音就能拼出该单词。

第六阶:单词量大量扩充,能够阅读英语文章。

1. 自然拼读法的第一步是掌握二十六个字母的读音 (Letter Sounds). 其
中五个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u)发两种音。

2. 第二步是进行单元音字母的拼读练习,如:Sam, cat, mat, 等等.

3. 第三步, 是固定读音的单词 : the, a, is, to, have 等.

4. 第四步,是一个单词里有两个元音时,前边一个元音发字母音, 后边一
个元音不发音,如:make, made, sea, five, nine, road等等.


5. 第五步, 是双三辅音在一起时怎么联读, 如: bl(ack), str(eet)等;有一
些辅音不发音,如:ghost,comb, lamb等;要掌握一下和联在一起的
发音:ch, sh, th, wh。

6. 第六步,是特殊读法:

单音节词,以元音结尾, 这个元音发字母音. 如:me, hi, go 等等

Irregular: ar (car), ay(hay, may, say), igh (high, night, might), ew
(new), er (sister, brother), ur(burn, hurt), ir (girl, fir, firm), or (horn),
eigh (eight), oi (oil, boil), oy(boy), ow等有其特别的发音.和 在
一起时, 发一个音: quick, black等.


自然拼音拼读练习表

第一天:

a , e, i , o, u, a_e, e_e, i_e, o_e, u_e


Aa : mat map bag cat hat fan bat apple

Ee: egg well red pen net hen bed bell

Ii: lick six bib pig pin kiss ink hill

Oo: ox on octopus box sock operate ostrich

Uu: sun umbrella cup bus nut gun uncle under

cape name tape lake game make take hate

these Japanese Chinese

bite five nine kite mine nice ride side


rose nose rope note pose home rode those

tube cube June cute huge


第二天:

ai, ay, ee, ea, ey, ie, igh, oa, ow, ui, ue


ai: tail rain paint pain jail rail nail maid

ay: bay ray way say hay pay May lay

ee: reeds eel bee peel jeep feet see teeth

ea: sea meat peanut eagle peach tea leaf pea

ey: donkey monkey jockey turkey monkey hockey key trolley

ie: tie pie lie die

igh: right sight night tight hight fight high sigh

oa: road toast toad coal goat boat coat soap

ow: rainbow pillow yellow window bowl row hollow low

ui: suit juice fruit

ue: Sue blue glue true


第三天:

ar, er, ir, ur, or


ar: arm car armchair card cart farm park garden


er: sister brother under rooster winter mermaid marker mother

ir: birthday circus dirty bird circle dirt girl

ur: turtle surfing turkey fur hurt purse nurse

or: porch pork horse horn fort morning corn fork


第四天:

ou, ow, oi, oy, au, aw, oo, oo, ea


ou: house out mouth count fountain mountain shout mouse

ow: cow towel clown owl crown brown flower tower

oi: coin oil point noise boil soil poison coil

oy: oyster boy cowboy soy toy

au: august sause sausage naughty autumn applause

aw: paw draw saw straw strawberry lawn

oo: moon zoo roof rooster boots food spoon room cool fool boom
foolish

oo: book cook good foot look hook

ea: head sweater sweat pear lead bear leather feather


第五天:

ch, sh, wh, ph, th, th, kn, wr, mb


ch: beach lunch cheese bench church chicken chair cherry

sh: sheep shirt ship fish dish push shoes shovel

wh: whale white wheel wheat whip whistle wheel chair whisper

ph: photo elephant telephone trophy pharmacy alphabet

th: brother feather leather father mother

th: thumb three bathmat thirsty thief bath mouth teeth

kn: knob knee knife knock knit

wr: wrist wrinkle wrap wreath write

mb: thumb lamb bomb comb crumb numb

第六天:

bl, fl, pl, cl, gl, br, cr, gr, pr, fr, tr,
bl: blue black blouse bloom bleach blanket blonde hair

fl: flat flu fly flame flute floor flag flower

pl: plane play plus planet platform plum plate plant

cl: clock cloud clean clay climb close clap clown

gl: glove globe glass glue glasses glider

br: bright brook brim bride brown bread brick brother

cr: crown crab cream crow crayon crocodile cry croissant

gr: gray green grass grapes ground grow grandma

pr: prixe price prawn press prince princess pray

dr




fr: frog frost Friday French fries fruit front friend frame

tr: tractor truck train tray tree triangle trunk trolley

dr: dream drum dry drop draw drive dress drink


第七天:

sm, sn, sl, sw, sp, st , sc, sk, all, ew, y


sm: smile small smell smoke smooth

sn: snowman snow snore snake snail sneakers sneakers snack

sl: slow slap sleep slide slope sled

sw: switch swallow swan swim sweet swing sweater sweat

sp: spider spaceship spinach spoon spell

st: stockings store star stamp storm stick student stand

sc: scarf scooter scanner scarecrow scale scorpion scoop

sk: skunk skis skirt skates

all: call tall fall ball wall

ew: dew few view hew new nephew newspaper

y: sky fly dry spy type shy cry my

Miny sunny puppy dizzy dirty pony happy baby


自然拼音强化练习:

Tongue twister


1.A big black bear sat>2.A big black bug bit a big black dog>,
Cat, catch that fat rat.

4.A fat cat catches a mad rat.

glue gun, green glue gun.

background, brown background.

7.A noisy noise annoys an oyster.

8.A good cook can cook good cookies.

noon I took a good book,and sat by the pool in the wood.I soon
took off my put my foot in the ! How cool, how
cool.

hunter and his huge horse hide behind in house.

11. Betty better butter Brad's bread.

tiny tigers take two taxis to town.

first is the third is the third can be the first,
The first can be the third.

, this girl wearing a dirty skirt is not the first, but the third.

15.A flea and a fly flew up in a flue. Said the flea,
fly,

16. I wish you were a fish in my dish.

's three sheep are near the green jeep.

are thirty -three thousand three hundred and thirty-three
feathers>


r father nor mother likes this weather.


mutually-planes怎么读


满的成语-赳怎么读


这边那边-澳门英文


intravenous-sect


眼珠子-浩气长存的意思


菊花什么意思-拖地英语


助消化的药-鸡蛋英语


水浒传观后感-英语四级报名网址



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