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Reading comprehension
Passage 1
Today, as in every other day of the year, more
than 3000 U.S. adolescents will smoke their first
cigarette on their way to becoming regular
smokers as adults. During their lifetime, it can
be
expected that of these 3000 about 23 will
be murdered, 30 will die in traffic accidents, and
nearly
750 will be killed by a smoking-related
disease. The number of deaths attributed to
cigarette
smoking outweighs all other factors,
whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of
death.
Since the late 1970s, when daily
smoking among high school seniors reached 30
percent,
smoking rates among youth have
declined. While the decline is impressive, several
important
issues must be raised.
First,
in the past several years, smoking rates among
youth have declined very little. Second,
in
the late 1970s, smoking among male high school
seniors exceeded that among female by nearly
10 percent. The statistic is reversing. Third
,several recent studies have indicate high school
dropouts have excessively high smoking rates,
as much as 75 percent .
Finally, though
significant declines in adolescent smoking have
occurred in the past decade,
no definite
reasons for the decline exist. Within this
context, the National Cancer Institute (NCI)
began its current effort to determine the most
effective measures to reduce smoking levels among
youth.
1. According to the author, the
deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.
A. traffic accidents B. smoking-
related disease
C. murder
D. all of these
2. Every day there are over
____ high school students who will become regular
smoker.
A. 75 B. 23
C. 30 D. 3000
3. By
A.
students who failed the examination B.
students who left school
C. students who lost
their way D. students who were driven
out of school
4. The reason for declining
adolescent smoking is that ________.
A. NCI
has taken effective measures
B. smoking is
prevented among high school seniors
C. there
are many smokers who have died of cancer
D.
none of these
5. What is implied but not
stated by the author is that ________.
A.
smoking rates among youth have declined very
little
B. there are now more female than male
smokers among high school seniors
C. high
smoking rates are due to the increase in wealth
D. smoking at high school is from low socio-
economic backgrounds
Passage 2
If the
population of the earth goes on increasing at its
present rate, there will eventually not be
enough resources left to sustain life on the
planet. By the middle of the 21st century, if
present
trends continue, we will have used up
all the oil that drives our cars, for example.
Even if
scientists develop new ways of feeding
the human race, the crowded conditions on earth
will make
it necessary for us to look for open
space somewhere else. But none of the other
planets in our
solar system are capable
of supporting life at present. One possible
solution to the problem,
however, has recently
been suggested by American scientist, Professor
Carl Sagan.
Sagan believes that before the
earth's resources are completely exhausted it will
be possible to
change the atmosphere of Venus
and so create a new world almost as large as earth
itself. The
difficult is that Venus is much
hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny
amount of water there.
Sagan proposes that
algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or
cold atmospheres and at the
same time produce
oxygen should be bred in condition similar to
those on Venus. As soon as this
has been done,
the algae will be placed in small rockets.
Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire
the
rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short
time, the algae will break down the carbon
dioxide into oxygen and carbon.
When the
algae have done their work, the atmosphere will
become cooler, but before man can set
foot on
Venus it will be necessary for the oxygen to
produce rain. The surface of the planet will
still be too hot for man to land on it but the
rain will eventually fall and in a few years
something
like earth will be reproduced on
Venus.
1. In the long run, the most insoluble
problem caused by population growth on earth will
probably
be the lack of ______.
A. food
B. oil C. space D. resources
2. Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be
colonized from earth because _____
A. it might
be possible to change its atmosphere
B. its
atmosphere is the same as the earth's
C. there
is a good supply of water on Venus
D. the days
on Venus are long enough
3. On Venus there is
a lot of ________.
A. water B. carbon
dioxide C. carbon monoxide D.
oxygen
4. Algae are plants that can____.
A. live in very hot temperatures B.
live in very cold temperatures
C. manufacture
oxygen D. all of the above
5.
Man can land on Venus only when_______.
A. the
algae have done their work B. the
atmosphere becomes cooler
C. there is oxygen
D. it rains there
Structure(虚拟语气)
1.
The women’s magazines, deploring the statistics,
urged that courses on marriage, and marriage
counselors, _____ in high schools.
A.
installed B. be installed C. have been
installed D. installing
2. I intend to move
that our committee ____ Tom as chairman, and I
hope that
you will second my motion.
A.
will appoint B. appoint C. appoints
D. has appointed
3. The dean approved of the
requirement that every student_____ on social
investigation after summer vacation.
A.
reports B. report C. reported
D. reporting
4. I second Mr. Wand’s motion
that a special committee _____ to examine the
problem.
A. be established B. established
C. was to establish D. was established
5.
It was a lovely day yesterday. I _____ I had been
at the seaside then.
A. think
B. wish C. hope D. expect
6. Without the storm, we ___ much earlier.
A. should arrive B. should have arrived
C. would arrive D. might arrive
7. Frankly,
I’d rather you ____ anything about it for the time
being as it has not yet been decided.
A.
did B. didn’t do C. didn’t
D. don’t
8. She would rather that you ___ last
night.
A. not arrive B. do not arrive
C. had not arrived D. did not arrive
9. In the United States a law requires that a
warning label _____ on cigarette packages.
A. ought to be printed B. needs to be printed
C. must be printed D.
should be printed
10. At the last conference,
the motion that the chairman of the International
Olympic Games
________was defeated.
A.
would be dismissed B. be dismissed
C.
were dismissed D. was dismissed
Cloze
Directions: There are 20 blanks in
the following passages. For each blank there are
four choices A,
B, C and D. You should choose
the answer that best fits into the passage.
Who won the World Cup 1994 football game? What
happened at the United Nations? How did the
critics like the new play? 1 an event takes
place; newspapers are on the streets 2 the
details.
Wherever anything happens in the
world, reports are on the spot to 3 the news.
Newspapers have one basic 4 , to get the
news as quickly as possible from its source, from
those who make it to those who want to 5 it.
Radio, telegraph, television, and 6 inventions
brought
competition for newspapers. So did the
development of magazines and other means of
communication. 7 , this competition merely
spurred the newspapers on. They quickly made use
of
the newer and faster means of communication
to improve the 8 and thus the efficiency of their
own operations. Today more newspapers are 9
and read than ever before. Competition also led
newspapers to branch out to many other fields.
Besides keeping readers 10 of the latest news,
today's newspapers 11 and influence readers
about politics and other important and serious
matters.
Newspapers influence readers'
economic choices 12 advertising. Most newspapers
depend on
advertising for their very 13
.Newspapers are sold at a price that 14 even a
small fraction of the
cost of production. The
main 15 of income for most newspapers is
commercial advertising. The 16
in selling
advertising depends on a newspaper's value to
advertisers. This 17 in terms of
circulation.
How many people read the newspaper? Circulation
depends 18 on the work of the
circulation
department and on the services or entertainment 19
in a newspaper's pages. But for the
most part,
circulation depends on a newspaper's value to
readers as a source of information 20 the
community, city, country, state, nation, and
world—and even outer space.
1. A. Just when
B. While C. Soon after D. Before
2. A. to give B. giving C. given
D. being given
3. A. gather B. spread
C. carry D. bring
4. A. reason
B. cause C. problem D. purpose
5. A. make B. publish C. know
D. write
6. A. another B. other
C. one another D. the other
7. A. However
B. And C. Therefore D. So
8. A. value B. ratio C.
rate D. speed
9. A. spread B.
passed C. printed D. completed
B. be informed C. to be informed D. informed
ain B. encourage C. educate D.
edit
B. through C. with
D. of
B. existence C. contents
D. purpose
to cover B. manages to cover C.
fails to cover D. succeeds in
B.
origin C. course D. finance
B. means C. chance D. success
es
at
ng
B. measured
B. little
B. offered
B.
with
C. is measured
C. much
C. which offered
C. at
D.
was measured
D. something
D. to be
offered
D. about
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