英语练习(2011.11)

Part I Listening Comprehension ( 20 minutes 20% ) (略)
Part II Reading Comprehension (30 points)

Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them
there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding setter on the Answer
Sheet with a single line through the center.
(1)
Modern mass- production ways lower the cost of making goods, and thus give us better values. At the same time, American scientists
are constantly at work improving the quality of products. 1 In this way, better quality products at good values are continually being
brought to the people of all income groups.
As an example of how this works, when facial tissues（面巾）were first put on the market in 1924, they were made in limited
quantities and sold at 65 cents per box of 200. People liked these facial tissues immediately and began asking for them when they went
into different stores. Because there was such a demand for the product, factories began making tissues in larger and larger quantities.
Because the factories were making tissues in greater quantities, their production costs were lowered, so that the cost of tissues went down .
At the same time, the quality of facial tissues was constantly improving, because more factories went into the business of making tissues,
and each factory strove to make his product better than others. Today instead of costing 65 cents, a box of 200 facial tissues costs around
on-third of that price, and they are both softer and stronger.
When people are free to compete— when they are free to make more things and make them better- everyone benefits.
1. In regard to the production of goods in greater quantities, the writer states that the______.
A. price of the goods should drop.
B. price of the goods should rise.
C. the quality of the goods should improve.
D. the quality should rise and the price should drop
2. It can be inferred from the example that ______.
A. increased demand led to mass production.
B. facial tissues attracted much attention when first put on the market for their low prices.
C. better quality resulted from mass production.
D. lower price resulted in lower quality of the facial tissues.
3. Improved quality of facial tissues resulted from______.
A. mass-production methods.
B. popular demand for a better product.
C. a decrease in production costs.
D. competition among manufactures.
4. According to this passage, we can see that lower prices and better quality occur_____.
A. as a result of the effect of one on the other.
B. always at the same time.
C. independently of each other.
D. when the demand exceeds the supply.
5. The writer believes that in a nation where free enterprise exists, manufactures will produce______.
A. better quality goods. B. as much as they like
C. more than they are able to sell. D. both A and B

（2）
If you're finding it tough to land a job，try expanding your job－hunting plan to include the following strategies：

Set your target. While you should always keep your options open to compromise，you should also be sure to target exactly what
you want in a job. A specific job hunt will be more efficient than a random one.
Schedule abundant interviews. Use every possible method to get interviews——answering ads，using search firms，contacting
companies directly，surfing the Web，and networking. 2 Even if a job is not perfect for you，every interview can make you learn from it.
Follow up. Even if someone does not hire you，write them a thank－you note for the interview. Then，some weeks later，send another
brief letter to explain that you still have not found the perfect position and that you will be available to interview again if the original
position you applied for——or any other position，for that matter——is open. Do this with every position you interview for，and you may
just catch a break.
Make it your full－time job. You can't find a job by looking sporadically。You have to make time for it. If you're unemployed and
looking，devote as much time as you would to a full－time job. If you have a job while you're looking，figure out an organized schedule to
maximize your searching time.
Network vertically. In the research phase of your job hunt，talk to people who are on a level above you in your desired industry.
They'll have some insights that people at your own level won't have，and will be in a good position to hire you or recommend you to be
hired. Keep your spirits up. Looking for a job is one of the toughest things you will ever have to do. Maintain your confidence，stay
persistent，and think positively，and eventually you will get a job that suits you.

11. According to the passage, the author thinks of each interview as ______.
A. a positive experience B. a chance to get a perfect job
C. a chance to meet challenges D. an item on the schedule
12. According to the author, your job-hunting plan has better be as _______ as possible.
A. random B. specific C. fixed D. complex
13. When hunting a job, you’d better communicated with people on a level above you, because _______.
A. they will hire you soon. B. they will ask someone to hire you
C. you will benefit from their fame. D. you can learn from them.
14. According to the passage, in order to get a good job, you should ________.
A. always keep an optimistic spirit. B. mainly focus on a full-time job.
C. apply for several different positions. D. follow other people’s footsteps.
15. What’s the best title for this passage?
A. Interview Strategies B. Interview Ceremony
C. Job-hunting Expenditure D. Job-hunting Strategies.
(3)
Normally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each course which he attends gives him a credit
which he may count towards a degree, In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses each
lasting for one semester. A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks; while attending a university a student will
probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a student would expect to take four years attending two semesters
each year. It is possible to spread the period of work for the degree over a longer period. 3 It is also possible for a student to move
between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.
For very course that the follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to
prospective employers. All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great
activity in student affairs. Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm. The effective work of maintaining
discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities. Any student who is thought to have broken the rules, for
example, by cheating, has to appear before a student court. With the enormous numbers of students, the operation of the system does
involve a certain amount of activity. A student who has held one of these positions of authority is much respected and it will be of benefit
to him later in his career.

11. Normally a student would at least attend ______________classes each week.
A. 36 B. 12 C. 20 D. 15
12. According to the first paragraph an American student is allowed__________.
A. to live in a different university
B. to take a particular course in a different university
C. to live a home and drive to classes
D. to get two degrees from two different universities
13. America university students are usually under pressure of work because__________
A. their academic performance will affect their future careers
B. they are heavily involved in student affairs
C. they have to observe university discipline
D. they want to run for positions of authority
14. Some students are enthusiastic for positions in student organizations probably because______.
A. they hate the constant pressure and strain of their study
B. they will then be able to stay longer in the university
C. such positions help them get better jobs
D. such positions are usually well paid
15. The student organizations seem to be effective in ___________
A. dealing with the academic affairs of the university
B. ensuring that the students observe university regulations
C. evaluating students’ performance by bringing them before a court
D. keeping up the students’ enthusiasm for social activities.
(4)
One of the most authoritative voices speaking to us today is, of course, the voice of the advertisers. Its strident clamour dominates our
lives. It shouts at us from the television screen and the radio loudspeakers; waves to us from every page of the newspaper; plucks at our
sleeves on the escalator; signals to us from the roadside billboards all day and flashes messages to us in coloured lights all night.
Advertising has been among England's biggest growth industries since the war. 4. Perhaps the answer is that advertising saves the
manufacturers from having to think about the customer. At the stage of designing and developing a product, there is quite enough to think
about without worrying over whether anybody will want to buy it. The designer is busy enough without adding customer- appeal to all his
other problems of man-hours and machine tolerances and stress factors. So they just go ahead and make the thing and leave it to the
advertiser to find eleven ways of making it appeal to purchasers after they have finished it, by pretending that it confers status, or attracts
love,or signifies manliness.
5 Other manufacturers find advertising saves them changing their product. And manufacturers hate change. The ideal product is one
which goes on unchanged for ever. If, therefore, for one reason or another, some alteration seems called for - how much better to change
the image, the packet or the pitch made by product, rather than go to all the inconvenience of changing the product itself.
16. Which of the following can best describe the author’s attitude toward modern advertising?
erent d C. Disapproving D. Approving
17. According to the author, which is NOT the designer’s chief concern when he designs a product ?
A. Stress factors
B. Man-hours
C. Machine tolerances
D. Customer- appeal

18. It is stated in the passage that those responsible for giving a product customer-appeal are ________.
er B. designers C. advertisement D. manufactures.
19. According to the author, when some change in a product is necessary, a manufacturer will choose to ________.
the production cost
B. hire a better designer
C. improve its quality
D. alter its image
20. The best title for the passage might be _____ .
ising Since the War
B. Advertising and Manufactures
C. Advertising --- England’s Biggest Industry
D. Advertising and Purchasers
Part III Cloze (15 minutes 10 %)
Directions: In this part there is a passage with 20 blanks in it. For each blank there are four choices marked A , B , C and D . You are
required to choose the one that best fills into the passage and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line
through the center.
There are two factors which determine an individual’s intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born __1_. Human brain differs
__2___ , some__3__ more capable than others. But no matter__4__ good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low
order of intelligence 5___he has opportunities to learn. So the __6__factor is what happens __7___the individual, the sort of
environment in __8___ he is reared. If an individual is handicapped environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he
will never __9__ the level of intelligence __10___which he is capable.
The importance of environment in determining an individual’s intelligence can be __11____by the case history of the
__12___twoins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brain __13___, and their growth process was the _14___ .
When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster home. Peter was reared by parents of
__15___intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of__16____ parents
who has been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated _17___ . When
they were given tests to measure their intelligence, Mark’s I. Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points
__18__than his identical brother. __19__ equal opportunities, the twins, __20___ identical brains, would have tested at roughly the
same level.
1. A. in B. for D. at
2. erably B. considerately C. considerable D. considerate
3. A. are B. were C. being D. been
4. A. what B. how C. whether D. why
5. A. unless B. if C. otherwise D. while
6. A. first B. second C. best D. third
7. A. with B. in C. to D. for
8. A. that B. which C. when
9. A. achieve B. obtain C. retain D. attain
10. B. to C. for D. with

11. A. designed B. destroyed C. developed D. demonstrated
12. A. identical B. alike C. familiar D. likely
13. A. at school B. at birth C. at home D. in birth
14. A. following B. different C. same D. alike
15. A. slow B. good C. high D. low
16. A. miserable B. wretched C. well-to-do D. wise
17. A. economically B. intellectually C. spiritually D. materially
18. A. lower B. worse C. higher D. better
19. A. Give B. Giving C. Gave D. Given
20. A. being B. be C. having D. have.
Part IV Vacabulary and Structure (15 minutes 15 %)
Section A (10%)
Directions: In this section there are 20 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. You are
required to choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet with a single line
through the center.
1. We’ll visit Europe next year _____ we have enough money.
A. lest B. until C. unless D. provided
2. Many elderly people have to live on the money they _____ when they were working.
A. set off B. set up C. set aside D. set out
3. He tried his best to _____ his enmity(敌意) under an appearance of friendliness.
A. face B. reveal C. conceal D. present
4. The French pianist who had been praised very highly _____ to be a great disappointment.
A. displayed B. showed C. turned up D. proved
5. You are always ______ fault with what I do.
A. finding B. seeking C. discovering D. thinking
6. In spite of the thunderstorm, the children slept ________ all night.
A. quickly B. soundly C. sensitively D. noisily
7. It is a _______ for a city official to take tax money for his own use.
A. civil B. praise C. scandal D. wonder
8. Very few experts _______ with completely new answers to the world’s economic problems.
A. come up B. come to C. come on D. come round
9. I send you my best wishes ______ this happy occasion.
A. in B. by C. with D. on
10. The magician picked several persons _______ from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance.
A. by accident B. at random C. on occasion D. on average
11. Visitors are asked ______ with the regulation.
A. contrast B. conflict C. comply D. consult
13. The ______ of blood always makes him feel sick.
A. sight B. look C. view D. form
14. The neighbors do not consider him quite _____as most evenings he awakens them with his drunken singing.
A. respectful B. respectable C. respective D. respected
15. The idea that the earth is flat was ______ wrong centuries ago.

A. exhibited B. showed C. proved D. displayed
16. All the company’s employees are ______ to an annual paid leave of from 24 to 30 days.
A. entitled B. offered C. given D. supplied
17. The prisoner has been deprived of many _____ that average citizens enjoy.
A. information B. privileges C. conditions D. insurance
18. The magician picked several persons _______ from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance.
A. on average B. by accident C. at random D. on occasion
19. The new washing machines are ________ at the rate of fifty a day.
A. turned down B. turned off C. turned up D. turned out
20. _______ had the van turned the corner than wheel came off.
A. Scarcely B. no sooner C. no longer D. hardly
Section B (5 points)
Directions: Complete the following sentences with appropriate words or expressions or with the proper forms of the given words in the
brackets. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.
1. They are going to have the serviceman ______ an electric fan in the office tomorrow. (install)
2. It is no use ______.him to come now. He is busy. (ask)
3. Michael used to look hurt and surprised when _____ . (scold)
4. Need I bring my luggage along? Yes, you ______ .
5. Don’t forget to phone me, _______ you?
6. In spite _____ the problem, the engineers are going to carry on with the project.
7. They heard the news on the radio _______ a typhoon was coming.
8. Fifteen miles _______ like a long walk to me. (seem)
9. This is the same watch _______ I have lost.
10. Never _______ so many women received law degrees as today.
Part V Translate the following sentences into Chinese (10 points)
1. In this way, better quality products at good values are continually being brought to the people of all income groups.
2. Even if a job is not perfect for you，every interview can make you learn from it.
3．It is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a
regular practice.
4．Perhaps the answer is that advertising saves the manufacturers from having to think about the customer.
5．Other manufacturers find advertising saves them changing their product. And manufacturers hate change.
Part VI Writing (15 points)
以《住在城市——疯狂的念头》(Living in a City--- a Crazy Idea)为题，参考以下提示，
在25分钟以内，写作一篇不少于100 词的作文。
1．
2．

越来越多的人选择远离城市。
住在城市的诸多不便。