英语国际音标复习 发音带单词示范

(1)前元音：
[i:] [i] [e] [?]
前元音发音要领：舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬颚抬起，双唇不要收圆。

[i:]
唇形扁平,长元音
e- be, even; ee- tree, need, see; ea- sea, eat, meat, read;
ie- piece, field; ei-, ey- seize, key; i- police, machine;

[i]
唇形扁平
i- it, sit, little, him; y- city, pity; e- pretty, English; a- village, private;
[e]
上下齿间可容纳一个食指
e- egg, send, bed, went; ea- head, dead; a- any, many;

[?]
两齿间可以容纳食指和中指
a- hand, pack, bag, pan;
(2)中元音：[?] [?:] [?]
中元音发音要 领：舌尖抵住下齿，不要用力抵紧。舌身的中部隆起，扁
唇（
双唇不要收圆）。

[?:]
双唇和发[i:]时相似。不要发得太短
er, ear- her, earth, heard; ir- bird, first, girl; ur-
turn, nurse, church; w+or- word, work, worse;

[?]
这个音和汉语普通话轻声的“么（me）”及 “了(le)”中的短促元音“e”相似，但英语的[?]在词末时
发音比普通话的“e”长
or- doctor, effort; a- woman, about; our- colour, neighbour; er- father, better, mother;
[?]
开口程度和[?]相似，唇形扁。
u- up, sun, cut; o- done, color, monkey, Monday; ou-country, enough; oo- blood, flood;

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(3)后元音：[ɑ:] [?] [?:] [u] [u:]

后元音发音要领：①舌尖不触下齿，舌身后缩，舌后部向软颚抬起，除[ɑ:]外，双唇要收圆。
②发
[ɑ:][?:][u:]
时要注意长度，不要发得太短。

[ɑ:]

ar-car, are, star, dark; cl- calm, half; eart- heart
[?]
双唇稍稍收圆
o-dog, sorry, holiday, on; a- was,what, want, watch;
[?:]
双唇更圆更小，并用力向前突出。
a- all, talk, salt, water; ore,oor,our- before, more, door, floor, four;
[u]
双唇收圆，稍向前突出。

u- put, full, push; oo- good, foot, wood; ou- could, should, would;
[u:]
双唇比发[u]时收得更圆更小，向前突出
oo- too, soon, food, moon; ou- you, group, soup; o- do, who, move;
(4)双元音：[ei] [ai] [?i] [?u] [au] [i?] [u?] [
?
?]
双元音发音要领：前重后轻，第一个元音响亮清晰。第二个元音轻弱模糊。
前长后短，第一个元音较长。第二个元音较短促。

[ei] a- face, lady, late, waste; ei,ey- eight, they, survey; ea- great, break;
[ai]

i, y- I, mine, write, try, cry; ie- die, lie; eye, buy, five;
[?i]

oi- noise, voice; oy- boy, toy, enjoy;
[?u]
双唇由扁到略为收圆
o-so, old, home; oa- coat, boat; ow- know, blow;
[au]

ou- out, sound, loud; ow-town, allow, now,
[i?]

ear- dear, ear, fear, near; ere- here; ea- idea;
[??]

are- care, share; air- air, chair, fair; ear- bear, wear;
[u?]

oor- poor; our- tour; ure- sure, pure,
[1]爆破辅音：[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g]

爆破音发音要领：[p] [t] [k]是清辅音，发音时声带不振动，送气要强。
[b] [d] [g]是浊辅音，发音时声带必须振动，送气要强。

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[p] [b]
双唇紧闭，然后突然分开，气流冲出口腔。
Pan, pet, open, boy, box, bag, bus;
[t] [d]
舌尖紧贴上齿龈，形成阻碍，然后突然下降，气流冲出口腔。
Ten, tip, teach, dead, did, do;

[k] [g]
舌后部隆起，紧贴软颚，形成阻碍，然后突然离开，气流冲出口腔。
Keep, key, cake, book, good, game, get, go, gift;
[2]摩擦辅音：[f] [v] [
s
] [z] [?] [?] [
?
] [?]
摩擦音发音要领： [f] [s] [?] [?]是清辅音，发音时声带不振动。
[v] [z]
[?] [?]
是浊辅音，发音时声带必须振动。

[f] [v]
下唇轻触上齿，气流由唇齿间的缝隙中通过。
Funny, fish，food; vet, very, ever;

[s] said, sit, is, save, [z]

his, rise, outdoors, example;
[?] fresh, wish, nation; [?] pleasure, leisure, measure, angel,

[?] [?]
舌尖轻触上齿背，气流由舌齿间的窄小缝隙逸出，摩擦成音。
[?] Month, health, truth, think, [?] this, they, those, mother, father, then,
[3]摩擦音[h] [r] [j] [
w
]及舌侧音 [l]

摩擦音发音要领：[h]是清辅音，发音时声带不振动。
[r] [j]
[w]
是浊辅音，发音时声带必须振动。

[h]
这个音也叫喉音。
Hand, high, how, hello;
[r]
这个音也叫卷舌音。
Read, road, room, run;
[j]
这个音也叫半元音。舌身和双唇呈发[i]的姿势。
Yet, young, yellow, you, year, yesterday;
[w]
这个音也叫半元音。舌身和双唇呈发[u:]的姿势。
What, when, why, where, while, way,
舌侧音
[l]
两种发音，发清晰[l]时， 舌前向硬颚抬起，舌尖抵上齿龈。
Late, lend, leave, low, sleep, long,
live

发含糊[l]时，舌尖抵上齿龈，舌面形成凹槽，舌后上抬。
Settle, little, hill, ill, well;

[4]鼻（辅）音：[m] [n] [?]

鼻音发音要领：
①气流从鼻腔逸出。②三个鼻辅音都是浊辅音，发音时声带必须振动。

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③鼻辅音在词末时，发音略为延长。

[m]
双唇紧闭。
Many, much, mood, Monday, arm,

[n]
舌尖紧贴上齿龈，双唇不闭。
Number, need, knife, learning, neighbour;

[?]
舌尖和发[k][g]时相同，但软颚下垂，堵住口腔通道，气流从鼻腔逸出。
Young, sing, thing, tongue

[5]破擦音：[tr] [dr] [
?
] [?] [?] [?]
破擦音发音要领：
[tr] [?] [?]是清辅音，发音时声带不振动。
[dr] [?] [?]是浊辅音，发音时声带必须振动。

[?] cheap, chance, rich, much, watch, china
[?] jeep, joke, just,age, danger, Japan, German

[tr] tree, trust, try, street, strange
[dr]

drug, drive, drink, children, drop, join, danger;

[?] [?]
舌端贴住上齿龈，堵住气流，然后略为下降，气流随之泄出口腔. 一般出现在单词的复数词尾，
清辅音后发
[?]
， 浊辅音后发
[?]

[?] its, let’s, gets, what’s,
[?] birds, needs, goods,

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