妒嫉-放弃的英语
英语国际音标的讲解及练习
Lesson 1
⑴ 前元音:[i:]
[i] [e] [?]
前元音发音要领:舌尖抵下齿,舌前部向硬颚抬起,双唇不要收圆。
[i:]
①舌尖抵下齿,舌前部尽量向硬颚抬起。②嘴唇向两旁伸开,成扁平形。
注
意:
[i:]是长元音,发
长元音
时要比发短元音
长两倍
以上。
She tea easy teach sleep agree three
weeks, green tea, team leaders
Seeing is
believing. Jean is as busy as a bee.
[i]
①舌尖抵下齿,舌前部向硬颚抬起,比[i:]低,比[e]高。②唇形扁平,牙床开
得比[i:]宽,
比[e]窄。③可从发[i:]出发,将小指尖放在上下齿之间,舌前部
也随之稍稍下降,即可发出[i
]。
It this pig city coffee begin a big
ship, bit by bit, little by litte
A little
learning is a dangerous thing.
His six-year
old sister is as fit as a fiddle.
[e]
①舌尖抵
下齿,舌前部稍抬起,比[i:]低。②唇形中常,牙床开得比[i:]宽,
上下齿间可容纳一个食指。
Egg else dress best again energy seven
beds, ten
desks, the next lessen
Let’s get
ready for the test.
All’s well that ends
well.
[?]
①舌尖抵下齿。
②双唇向两旁平伸,成扁平形,两齿间可以容纳食指和中指。
And as bag lamp
catch happen a happy man, a happy family, hand
in hand, caps
and cats
Harry has a happy
family in Canada.
The rat is running on a
narrow track.
⑵ 爆破辅音:[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g]
爆破音发音要领:[p] [t] [k]是清辅音,发音时声带不振动,送气要强。
[b] [d] [g]是浊辅音,发音时声带必须振动,送气要强。
[p] [b]
双唇紧闭,然后突然分开,气流冲出口腔。
[t] [d]
舌尖紧贴上齿龈,形成阻碍,然后突然下降,气流冲出口腔。
[k]
[g]
舌后部隆起,紧贴软颚,形成阻碍,然后突然离开,气流冲出口腔。
⑶发音练习: b[bi:] d[di:] e[i:]
Lesson 2
⑴
后元音:[ɑ:] [?] [?:] [u] [u:]
后元音发音要领:①舌尖不触下齿,舌身后
缩,舌后部向软颚抬起,除[ɑ:]外,
双唇要收圆。
②发
[ɑ:][?:][u:]
时要注意长度,不要发得太短。
[ɑ:]
舌尖不触下齿,口张大,舌身平放后缩。
Art army star
father garden tomato a large car, half a jar,
after the bath
I like to pass through the
garden park.
Far from eye, far from heart.
[?]
①舌尖不触下齿,口张大,舌身尽量降低并后缩。②双唇稍稍收圆。③可先发
[ɑ:],然后将舌身再稍稍向后缩,双唇稍稍收圆(不要突出)即可发出[?]。
On off
hot want doctor foreign cotton socks, borrow a
clock, a pocket watch
The coffee is top
quality.
When the shop was robbed, everybody
was shocked.
[?:]
①舌后部比发[?]时抬得略高。②双唇也收得更圆更小,并须用力向前突出。
Always or
law before caused daughter all in all, more
and more, a short story
Paul’s four and
can walk and talk.
The storm draws near---we
ought to go indoors.
[u]
①舌尖不触下齿,
舌后部向软颚抬起,舌身后缩。 ②双唇收圆,稍向前突出。
Full look wood foot woman sugar push and
pull, good books, by hook or by
crook
The
cook cooks good food.
The woman stood for as
long as she could.
[u:]
双唇比发[u]时收得更圆更小,向前突出,舌后部比发[u]时抬得更高。
To who lose
group music fruit a blue balloon, an afternoon in
June, huge rooms
The news is too good to be
true.
That rule is useful once in a blue moon.
⑵ 摩擦辅音:[f] [v] [
s
] [z] [?] [?]
[
?
] [?]
摩擦音发音要领:
[f] [s] [?]
[?]是清辅音,发音时声带不振动。
[v] [z]
[?]
[?]
是浊辅音,发音时声带必须振动。
发摩擦音时必须注意:①软颚抬起,
堵住到鼻腔的通道,但口腔通道不完全
阻塞,留有窄小空隙,气流从中泄出时摩擦或振动成音。②摩擦音
可以
延长而发音器官位置不变。
[f]
[v]
下唇轻触上齿,气流由唇齿间的缝隙中通过,摩擦成音。
[s]
[z]
舌端及舌尖靠近上齿龈,但不接触,上下齿靠拢,但不要咬住,气流由舌
端与上齿龈之
间逸出,摩擦成音。
[?] [?]
舌尖和舌端抬向上齿龈较后部分,舌身两侧紧贴上颚,中
央形成一条狭长的
通道,上下齿靠拢或靠近,但不要咬住,气流由舌端与上齿龈较后部分之
间逸
出,摩擦成音。
[?] [?]
舌尖轻触上齿背,气流由舌齿间的窄小缝隙逸出,摩擦成音。
⑶ 发音练习:c[si:]
f[ef]
good[gud] too[tu:] this[?is] is[is]
these [?i:z] cat[k?t] dog[d?g] it[it]
Lesson 3
⑴ 中元音:[?] [?:] [?]
中元音
发音要领:舌尖抵住下齿,但不如发前元音时抵得那样紧。舌身的中部
隆起,扁
唇(
双
唇不要收圆)。
[?:]
①舌身平放,舌中部稍抬起。②牙床开得较窗窄,双唇和发[i:]时相似。
③注意长度,不要发得太短。
Her girl first turn work
prefer a dirty shirt, the third world, the
worst person
The German girl prefers a
purple shirt to a blue one.
The early bird
catches the worm.
[?]
①舌中部抬起。②牙床半开半合,唇形扁或中常。③这个音和汉语普通话轻声
的“么(me)”及
“了(le)”中的短促元音“e”相似,但英语的[?]在词末时
发音比普通话的“e”长。
About polite forget river woman potato
bread and
butter, salt and pepper, again and
again
The teachers will get together tomorrow.
Do you prefer the cinema or theatre?
[?]
①舌中部稍抬起。②开口程度和[?]相似,唇形扁。
③从元音[?]出发,将圆唇改为扁唇,即可发出[?]。
Up under cut
does young enough much money, lucky in love, just
for fun
Well begun is half done.
Mother
told the funny story just for fun.
⑵
破擦音:[tr] [dr] [
?
] [?] [?] [?]
破擦音发音要领:
[tr] [?] [?]是清辅音,发音时声带不振动。
[dr] [?]
[?]是浊辅音,发音时声带必须振动。
破擦音是爆破音和摩擦音的结合,发破擦音时
必须注意:①憋住气流的发音
器官(舌尖和上齿龈)分开得比较缓慢,而且立即跟着发一个发音部位相似的摩擦音。②发破擦音时,先形成阻碍,在解除阻碍的同时舌尖向
摩擦音的部位滑动,发出摩擦
音。但这两步动作是紧密相连的,由一次
送气来完成,不可发出两个独立的音。
[?] [?]
软颚抬起,舌身形成发[?]音的姿势,但舌尖和舌端抵住上齿龈,
形成阻
碍。气流冲破这个阻碍后,舌和齿龈间仍保持一个狭小的缝隙,发出摩擦的声音。
[tr] [dr]
软颚抬起,舌身作发[r]音的姿势,但舌
尖抵上齿龈后部,以形成阻碍。
气流冲破这个阻碍发出短促的[t]后立即发[r]。
[?]
[?]
舌端贴住上齿龈,堵住气流,然后略为下降,气流随之泄出口腔。
⑶
发音练习:g[?i:] p[pi:] r[ɑ:] s[es] t[ti:]
she[?i:] sister[?sist?]
Lesson 4
⑴
合口双元音:[ei] [ai] [?i] [?u] [au]
双元音发音要领:①由两个元音组
成,发音时由第一个向第二个元音的部位滑动,
但不完全到达第二个元音的部位。发音过程中
唇
形、舌位及牙床
开合程度均有相应的变化。
②前重后轻,第一个元音响亮清晰。第二个元音轻弱模糊。
③前长后短,第一个元音较长。第二个元音较短促。
[ei]
①由[e]
向[i]滑动,但不到[i]的部位就停止发音。②发音过程中下颚和下唇向
上移动,舌位也随之抬高。
Age play rain take labour today May Day,
great change,
the name of the game
No
pains, no gains.
Great changes have taken
place in only one day.
[ai]
①[a]是个前元音(
不是后元音[ɑ:]),和汉语普通话“a”音相似,发音时舌
尖抵住下齿,舌位很低,舌前隆起。用扁
唇或中常唇形,牙床开合度宽。②从
[a]向[i]滑动,不到[i]的部位就停止发音。
Eye why night bike July a nice sight, quite
right, high in the sky
Time and tide wait for
no man.
A stitch in time saves nine.
[?i]
①开始部分舌位在[?]和[?:]之间。②由上述部位向[i]滑动,由圆唇变成
扁唇,
舌前部随之稍稍抬起。
Oil boil toy coin choice
destroy make an appointment,
toilet
paper, a noisy boy
She made her point in a
joyful voice.
The boy was annoyed when his toy
was destroyed.
[?u]
由[?]向[u]滑动,
双唇由扁到略为收圆,但不到[u]的部位就停止发音。
No slow toes road
both overcoat I don’t know. Close the window.
It’s so
cold.
The old man lives alone, but
he doesn’t feel lonely.
A rolling stone
gathers no moss.
[au]
①开始部分和[ai]中的[a]相同,①由
[a]向[u]滑动时把双唇逐渐收圆,舌后
部随之稍稍抬起。②防止一开始就把双唇收圆,把[au]
变成[?u]。
Bow mouse shout county around out of
town, a
brown cow, a thousand houses
How
about going down south?
She found out how to
pronounce the sound.
⑵ 鼻(辅)音:[m] [n] [?]
鼻音发音要领:
①软颚下垂,口腔通道完全堵塞,气流从鼻腔逸出。
②三个鼻辅音[m] [n]
[?]都是浊辅音,发音时声带必须振动。
③鼻辅音在词末时,发音略为延长。
[m]
双唇紧闭,舌身平放,软颚下垂,气流从鼻腔逸出。
[n]
舌尖紧贴上齿龈,形成阻碍,双唇不闭,软颚下垂,气流从鼻腔逸出。
[?]
舌尖和发[k][g]时相同,但软颚下垂,堵住口腔通道,气流从鼻腔逸出。
⑶发音练习:a[ei] h[ei
?
] i[ai] j[?ei]
k[kei] m[em]
n[en] o[?u] v[vi:] x[eks] z[zed]
Lesson 5
⑴ 集中双元音:
双元音发音要领:
①由两个元音组成,发音时由第一个向第二个元音的部位滑动,
但不完全到达第二个元音的部位。发音过
程中
唇形、舌位及牙床
开合程度均有相应的变化。
②前重后轻,第一个元音响亮清晰。第二个元音轻弱模糊。
③前长后短,第一个元音较长。第二个元音较短促。
[i?]
①发[i]时注意用扁唇,嘴不要张得太开,以免发成[e]或[?]。
②舌身稍向后缩,从[i]很快滑向[?]。
Ear here real fierce
nearly idea cheerful tears, from ear to ear,
mysterious ideas
I fear we can’t hear him
clearly.
You are serious but sincere, my dear.
[??]
①[?]是个前元音,发音时舌尖触下齿,舌位半开,舌前隆起。牙床较宽,在[e]与[?]之间。②舌身稍向后缩,由从[?]很快滑向[?]
Air care
therefore various repair prepare wear and tear,
share a pear, a
careless bear
Where
there’s a will, there’s a way.
He rarely
stares at the mayor, because he’s scared.
[u?]
①[u]不要发成[u:]。②舌身稍向前移,由从[u]很快滑向[?]
Sure poor tour Europe curious endure fewer
and fewer, the
curious tourist
Surely the
poor patient will be cured.
The European
tourist felt insecure.
⑵ 摩擦音[h] [r] [j]
[
w
]及舌侧音 [l]
摩擦音发音要领:
[h]是清辅音,发音时声带不振动。
[r] [j]
[w]
是浊辅音,发音时声带必须振动。
[h]
这个音也
叫喉音。①发这个音时,发音器官呈发元音的姿势,声门张开,气流
不受阻碍,自由逸出口腔,声带不振
动,只是在通过声门时形成轻微的摩擦;口
型不定,随后面的元音而变化。②发音时舌后部和软颚间不产
生摩擦,即不要发
成汉语“赫”的声母。
[r]
这个音也叫卷舌音。①舌尖向
上齿龈后部抬起,舌前对硬颚呈凹形,舌身两侧
紧贴上颚。②双唇略突出,气流由舌面与
硬颚间逸出,牙床开合程度大小均可。③
软颚升起,声带振动。
[j]
这个音
也叫半元音。①舌身和双唇呈发[i]的姿势,舌前部向硬颚抬起,双唇向
两旁伸展成扁平形,声带振动
。②发音急促短暂,一经发出,立刻向后面的元音滑
动。
[w]
这个音也叫半
元音。①舌身和双唇呈发[u:]的姿势,舌后部向软颚抬起,声带
振动。②发音急促短暂,一经发出,
立刻向后面的元音滑动。
舌侧音[l]发音要领:
[l] <
br>①
舌端紧抵上齿龈,气流从舌的一侧或两侧逸出。②[l]两种发音,即所谓清晰
[l]
和含糊[l]。发清晰[l]时,舌前向硬颚抬起,舌尖抵上齿龈,舌身平直,气流从
舌的一侧或两侧逸
出。发含糊[l]时,舌尖抵上齿龈,舌面形成凹槽,舌后上抬,气
流从舌的一侧或两侧逸出。
⑶ 发音练习:l[el] q[kju:] u[ju:] w[?d?blju:]
y[wai]
英语国际音标
名称
单元音
元音
双元音
清辅音
浊辅音
辅音 鼻音
摩擦音
舌侧音
练习一
音标 字母
[si:]
[ef]
[?i:]
[ɑ:]
[es]
[ti:]
[pi:]
[?d?blju:]
音标
[i:]
[i] [?:] [?] [u:] [u] [?:] [?]
[ɑ:] [?] [e]
[?]
[ei] [ai] [?u] [au] [i?] [??] [?i] [u?]
[p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [?] [?]
[tr]
[?] [?]
[b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [?] [?]
[dr] [?] [?]
[m] [n] [?]
[h] [r]
[j] [w]
[l]
音标 字母 音标 字母 音标 单词
[ei]
[?u]
[?i:]
[ei?]
[vi:]
[?sist?]
[ai]
[eks]
[gud]
[?ei]
[zed]
[tu:]
[kei]
[el]
[?is]
[em]
[kju:]
[?i:z]
[en]
[ju:]
[k?t]
[wai]
[bi:]
[d?g]
cannot怎么读-旨在
达斡尔族怎么读-在操场上用英语怎么说
不可能英文-moldova
火龙果英语-sodium
ps滤镜怎么安装-shall过去式
北的拼音-愉快的反义词
入的结构-俄语翻译培训
cereal什么意思-神经病英语
-
上一篇:英语48个国际音标的总结
下一篇:最新英语48国际音标教学教案(总10课时)