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英语国际音标常见字母组合发音规律
单元音:(12个)
1、 i:
1、字母e在开音节中:be, he, we, these, metre, relay,
recycle, eve
2、字母i的特殊发音:police, machine
3、字母组合ee :sweep, between, agree, sleep,
seen, feel, feed, cheese, keeper, bee, see, tree,
three
4、字母组合ea:please, (New) Zealand, weak,
leaf, wheat, bleat, dream, disease, beach, least,
tea, seat, read
5、字母组ie :field, believe,
thief, piece
6、字母组ei : receive
7、字母组ey:
key
8、字母组合e-e:Pete, mete, these, Chinese
2、 ? 1、字母a在弱读中:village, passage, palace,
necklace, encourage
2、字母e在弱读中: ticket, basket,
behind, enjoy, business, subject, refuse, repair,
replay, forest, toilet, wallet,
racket,
pocket, result,
3、字母i在闭音节中:bring, did,
ill, pick, fifty, English, ticket, village,
picnic, pumpkin, tourist, riddle, it, is,
six,
this
4、字母i的特殊发音:practice, opposite,
practice, cousin, rabbit 但possible发音为 ?
5、字母i在“ve”前:live, give
6、字母u的特殊发音:busy,
business
7、字母组合ai 弱读:mountain, captain
8、字母组合ie: cookie
9、字母组合ay
弱读:Sunday, Monday
10、字母组合ey :monkey,
money
11、字母y 弱读:sorry, baby, lucky, any,
very, study, fifty
3、 e
1、字母a的特殊发音:many, any
2、字母e在闭音节中“e”发短音:bell,
left, leg, when, went, check, invent, unless,
collect
3、字母组合ea :bread, heavy, head,
ready, death, already, instead, feather, leather,
weather
4、 ? 1、字母a在闭音节中:that, ladder,
matter, man, rabbit, panda, bank, channel, cat,
cap, back
2、字母a在“ve”前:have
5、 ?:
1、字母组合or 在字母“w”后:work, word, world, worse, worth,
worker
2、字母组合er在重读音节中:her, German,
term, thermos, prefer, person, serve, nervous
3、字母组合ir:girl, bird, third, circle, shirt, skirt
4、字母组合ur:turn, nurse, disturb, surf, Thursday
5、字母组合ear:heard, earth, early, year,
learn, search
6、 ?
1、字母a在弱读:banana, England, elephant, animal,
another, madam, several, probably, human, island,
machine, comfortable
2、字母e在弱读中:broken,
moment, even, accident, happen, quarrel
3、字母o在弱读中:conductor, opposite, tonight, melon,
police, produce, collect, protect, pollute
4、字母u弱读中:unless, suppose, success
5、字母组合ou:famous, nervous
6、字母组合or在弱读中:forget
7、字母组合er做后缀时:under, teacher, ruler,
brother, sister, father, mother, supper
8、字母组合er在弱读中:concert, western, desert, shepherd
7、ɑ: 1、字母a在字母“n”前:dance, can’t, shan’t,
France, answer, chance, banana
2、字母a在字母“s”“ss”前:ask, past, basket, class,
glass, last, grass, basketball
3、字母a在
“th”前:father, rather, path
4、字母组合ar:hard, car, large, bookmark, mark, regard,
barn, chart, cart, hard, garden, park
5、字母组合al特殊发音: half
6、字母组合au特殊发音:laugh
7、字母组合are:are
8、字母组合ear:heart
8、 ? 1、字母o在“m, n, th”前:come, some,
front, month, son, Monday, monkey, money, another,
brother, mother,
nothing, other, none, wonder
但tomb u:
2、字母o特殊发音:does, love, among,
colour, discover
3、 字母u在闭音节中:must, sun,
duck, uncle, puzzle, nut, dumpling, conductor,
fun, butter, club, cup, much
4、字母组合ou ?
:trouble, young, double, country, cousin, rough,
encourage, tough
5、字母组合oo ?
特殊发:blood, flood
9、?: 1、字母组合ough ?::bought,
thought
2、字母组合or 的一般发音:for, short,
boring, storm, corn, corner, order, important,
nor, horse, forty, morning
3、字母组合ar ?:
在字母“w”或音标w后:war, quarter, towards
4、字母组合
al ?: 一般发音: wall, tall, ball, fall, hall
【注:字母组合al ?:l特殊发音 also, already, always, salt,
so-called, although】
5、字母组合oor ?::floor, door
6、字母组合ore ?::before, more, score
7、字母组合our
?::four, yours, course, fourth
8、字母组合 au
?::August, autumn, pause, audience, caught, taught
9、字母组合 aw ?::draw, law
10、 ?
1、字母a在“w”前“wh”后:what, wash, want, watch, wallet,
但:water ?:
2、字母o在闭音节中:John, doctor,
office, soccer, rock, concert, foggy, across,
possible, cost, cotton, teapot,
rocket,
of, not, box, long
3、字母组合au ? 特殊发音:because
11、 u: 1、字母o在“wh”后:who, whose, whom
2、字母o的特殊发音:move, do, two, improve, lose
3、字母u在“l”前后:blue, ruler, flu, rule
4、字母u的特殊发音:June, truth, pollute, true
5、字母组合ou:group, soup, through
6、字母组合 oo
的一般发音:afternoon, room, broom, zoo, moon, pool,
school, noodle, spoon, tool, tooth,
cool,
shoot, too
7、字母组合oo的特殊发音:food, seafood
8、字母组合ew的特殊发音:drew
12、 ?
1、字母u的特殊发音:put, push, sugar, full, pull
2、字母组合oo,一般在字母“k, d, t”前:book, look, good, foot,
cook, wood
3、字母组合oo ? 弱读中:classroom,
bedroom, sitting-room, cookie
双元音:(8个)
1、e? 1、字母a在开音节中“a”发字母本:name, page, date,
lazy, café, wave, cake, face, plate
(以及单词:
paper, baby, table, radio)
2、字母组合ea e?:great, break
3、字母组合
ai一般情况下:train, fail, mainland, rail, straight,
rain, maid, tail
4、字母组合ei e?: eight,
eighth
5、字母组合ay e? 在重读中:day, today,
display, may, play, away
6、字母组合ey e?:they
2、a? 1、字母i在开音节中:quite, side, outside,
invite, dive, twice, mine, bike, like, nice, time
(以及单词:driver,
Friday)
2、字母i在“nd”前:kind, behind, find, mind, blind,
China, Chinese,
3、字母组合ie a?:die, lie
4、字母组合ei a? :neither, either
5、字母组合i(gh) a?: high, light, right, night, bright
6、字母y在重读音节中:my, why, sky, by, fly
3、?? 1、字母组合oi:noise, join, oil, voice,
toilet, coin, spoil, toil, boil
2、字母组合oy:boy, toy, enjoy, hoyden, loyal
4、?? 1、字母“o”在开音节中:hope, nose, ago, alone,
piano, notice, mobile, home, those, go, no, so,
over
2、字母o在字母“ld”前。cold, old, hold,
soldier
3、字母o在“st”前。most, post, almost, most
4、字母组合oa:boat, goat, goal, coat,
Joan但abroad发音为 ?:
5、字母组合ow:window, yellow,
low, own, show, throw, bowl, know, blow, slow
5、a? 1、字母组合ow:how, cow, down, crowd,
downstairs, shower, allow, now
2、字母组合ou:house,
trousers, found, ground, loud, mouth, mount,
without, proud, mouth, round, about
【注:字母组合our
发a? ? :our, ours, hour】
6、??
1、字母组合ea:idea, real, really, theatre, realize
2、字母组合ere:here
3、字母组合eer:ioneer, deer,
beer, jeer
4、字母组合ear的一般发:near, hear, dear,
appear, disappear, fear
7、e?
1、字母组合are:careful, carefully, hare, care, dare,
mare
2、字母组合air:hair, chair, downstairs,
air, pair
3、字母组合eir:their, theirs
4、字母组合ere:there, where
5、字母组合ear:bear,
dear, pear, tear
8、??
1、字母组合ua:February, January, usually
2、字母组合ure:sure
清辅音:(11个)
1、 p
字母p:map, pupil, paper, people
2、 t 字母t:ten,
too, coat, what
3、 k 1、字母c在词前:cap, cook,
clock, come, cold, close
2、字母组合ck:cock,
Jack, chick, chicken, duck, black, ticket
3、字母组合ch的特殊发音:school, chemical, chemistry
4、字母k:Kate, look, book, like
4、 f 字母f
的一般发音。life, for, five, four, fifty, first, knife
5、 θ 字母组合th 【一般在名词、数词、形容词、动词中发音】:maths,
three, thin, think, third, thank, Thursday
6、
s 1、字母s的一般发音:bus, glass, class, sister, sit,
horse, house
2、字母c:city, certainly, rice,
piece
3、字母c在字母i, e, y前:pencil, nice
7、
? 1、字母组合ch的特殊发音:Machine
2、字母组合sh的一般发音:wash, she, fish, ship, sheep, finish
8、 t? 字母组合ch的一般发音:chair, teacher, China,
chick, such
9、 tr 字母组合tr: tree, street,
tractor, try, trip, train
10、 ts 字母组合ts:
boats, coats, minutes, plants, let’s, What’s,
coats, seats
11、 h 字母组合wh在字母o前:who, whose,
whom
字母h:he, here, hers,
hello
浊辅音:(17个)
1、 b 字母b:bag, bad,
bat, band, bye, blind
2、 d 字母d:dog, desk,
under, and
3、 g 字母g(g):good, girl, big, egg,
god
4、 v 字母f: of,
字母v:very, visit,
five, seven
5、 ? 字母组合th
【一般在代词、冠词、副词中的发音】:this, these, that, those, the,
then, there, their, brother
6、 z 字母s:rose,
close, as, his, is, busy, has, nose, whose, please
字母z:zoo, zone, zero, size
7、 ?
字母s:usually, pleasure, treasure, measure, vision,
television
8、d?
1、字母g在e前(字母组合g(e))一般的发音:orange, page, large,
vegetable, change, village, passage,
2、字母j在词前:jeep, John, Joan, Jack, job, juice, just
9、dr 字母组合dr:drive, driven, hundred, dress,
driver, drink
10、dz 字母组合ds:birds, beds,
grades, needs, hands, heads, goods
11、 r
字母r:red, room, read, brown
12、 m 字母m:man,
milk, home, from
13、 n 字母n在词前:nice, nine,
noon, nose, name
14、 ? 1、字母n在k前发音:ink,
thank, think, drink, sink
2、字母组合ng的一般发音:long, young, singer, sing, wrong,
morning,
【注:ng ? g 特殊发音:English,
language, penguin】
15、 ? 1、字母l:like, love,
left, lesson
2、字母ll:ball, tall,
wall, small
16、 w wh的一般发音:what, when,
where, white, everywhere, which, why
字母w:wear, well, window, Wednesday
17、 j
字母y在词前:yes, yellow, yet, you, your
ju:
字母u在音节中:use, duty, excuse, Tuesday, usually, huge,
future, menu
字母组合ew ju: :new, renew,
few, knew
字母组合ex的一般发音
? k s
:excuse, expect, exchange, explain, expensive,
explore
ex
? k
except
ex e
k s
exercise, exit,
explanation, export, expert, exhibition
ex
? g z
example, exam, examination
字母x的一般发音:
k s
box, next
x gz
example, exam
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