英语翻译题目和答案

汉译英专项练习
一、倍数增减的表示法 5
1) Force N1 _______________(比力N2大2.5倍).
is 2.5 times greater than Force N2
（考点：倍数+形容词副词比较级+ than）
2) This substance _______________(反应速度是另外那种物质的三倍).
reacts three times as fast as the other one
（考点：倍数+ as +形容词副词+ as）
3) The earth _______________(是月球大小的49倍).
is 49 times the size of the moon
（考点：倍数+名词）
4) The landlord _______________(想将租金提高三分之一).
wants to raise the rent by a third
（考点：动词+ by +数词百分比倍数）
5) They _______________(计划将投资增加一倍).
plan to double their investment
（考点：double +名词）
二、时态 6
1) Be quick, _______________(否则等我们到达教堂时婚礼就已经结束了).
or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church
（考点：将来完成时）
2) When she got home, _______________(孩子们已经睡着了).
the children had fallen asleep
（考点：过去完成时）
3) When I prepare for the college entrance examination, _______________(我姐姐将在海边度
假).
my sister will be taking her vacation at the seaside
（考点：将来进行时）
4) I_______________(一上午都在修改我的简历).
have been revising my resume all the morning
（考点：现在完成进行时）
5) Do you often go on holiday? _______________(不，我已经有五年没有度假了).
No. It has been five years since I went on holiday
（考点：It has been…since sb. did sth.表示某人有多长时间没有做某事了）
6) He joined the army in October, 2001. _______________(他参军已五年了).
He has been in the army for 5 years
（考点：1.现在完成时；2.要用持续性动词才能接一段时间）
三、被动语态 5
1) The blackboard and chalk _______________(正在被电脑和投影机所取代).
is being replaced by the computer and the projector
（考点：被动语态的现在进行时）
2) The book _______________(到今年年底就将已出版).
will have been published by the end of this year
（考点：被动语态的将来完成时）

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3) Computer models _______________(可以用来演示细胞工作的方式).
can be used to demonstrate the way that cells work
（考点：1.被动语态与情态动词联用; 2.汉语有些没有“被”字等标志词的句子也表示被动,
要译成英语的被动语态）
4) When the bill of fare was brought, _______________(我惊呆了，价格大大超出了我的
预料).
I was startled, for the prices were a great deal higher than I had anticipated
（考点：同“3”的考点2）
5) _______________(必须立即采取有效措施)to eliminate sandy storms.
Effective measures must be taken immediately
（考点：汉语的无主句通常翻译成英语的被动语态）
四、情态动词 5
1) The phone is ringing, _______________(但是没人接听。她一定不在家).
but there is no answer. She can’t be at home
（考点：情态动词可以表示可能性，can’t表示“一定不”）
2) I can’t find my sunglasses. _______________(我可能昨天落在咖啡店里了).
I may have left them in the coffee shop yesterday
（考点：“情态动词cancould, maymight, must +完成式”用于表示对过去发生的动作
的主观判断）
3) You screamed in your sleep last night. _______________(你一定梦见什么可怕的东西
了).
You must have dreamed of something terrible
（考点：同上）
4) It’s a pity. _______________(你本应该邀请她来参加你的毕业典礼的).
You should have invited her to your graduation ceremony
（考点：“情态动词shouldought to + have done” 用于评论过去应该做而实际并未做的动
作，含有批评的意思）
5) _______________(其实我没必要穿上我最好的套装去参加那次聚会的); most of the guests
were wearing jeans and sweaters.
I needn’t have put on my best suit to go to the party
（考点：“情态动词needn’t + have + done”表示对过去发生的动作进行评论，认为“无
须发生”，“不必做”)
五、虚拟语气 22
1) I wish _______________(我年轻的时候有你们这样的机会).
I had had your opportunities when I was young
（考点：I wish后的that从句中用过去完成式表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望）
2) If only _______________(他知道这病是可以治好的)! Then he would not have killed himself.
he had known this disease is curable
（考点：If only引导的感叹句表示“但愿”或“要是……就好了”，用法与I wish…基本相
同）
3) —— Would you like him to paint your door with yellow stars?
——I’d rather he _______________(漆成蓝色的，而且不带任何装饰).
painted it blue, and without any decorations
（考点：would rather后的that从句中用过去式表示不是事实）
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4) It’s high time that _______________(采取措施解决交通堵塞的问题).
measures were taken to solve the problem of traffic jams
（考点：It’s (abouthigh) time后的that从句中用过去式，表示“该是……的时候了”）
5) Hugh usually talks _______________(仿佛在大会上发表演说似的).
as though he were delivering a speech at an assembly
（考点：as if as though引导的从句中用过去式表示和现在事实相反或对现在情况有
所怀疑）
6) We insist that _______________(让杰克立刻进医院).
Jack (should) be sent to hospital right now
（考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词所接的宾语从句通常用“(that) sb.
(should) do”的虚拟形式）
7) It was advised that _______________(在居民区设立更多的流动商店).
more mobile shops (should) be set up in the residential area
（考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词所接的主语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should)
do”的虚拟形式）
8) His proposal was that _______________(他们成立一个专门委员会来检查这个问题).
they (should) set up a special boardcommittee to examine this problem
（考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的名词所接的表语从句通常用“(that) sb.
(should) do”的虚拟形式）
9) We are going to discuss his suggestion that _______________(取消期中考试).
the mid-term exams (should) be canceled
（考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的名词所接的同位语从句通常用“(that) sb.
(should) do”的虚拟形式）
10) It is ridiculous that _______________(我们在一个总是下雨的国家还缺水).
we (should) be short of water in a country where it is always raining
（考点：在It iswas +形容词后的that从句中常用“sb. should do”的形式表示建议惊奇
等。
这类形容词常见的有：advisable, anxious, desirable, essential, important, impossible,
improper, necessary, proper, urgent, vital,）
11) It is essential that _______________(每个人都为紧急情况做好准备).
everyone (should) be prepared for emergency
（考点：同上）
12) _______________(如果他按照我告诉他的办法订票), we would have had quite a
comfortable journey.
If he had booked tickets in the way I told him
（考点：在非真实条件句中用过去完成式表示与过去的事实相反）
13) I was to have made a speech _______________(要不是有人把我的话打断了).
if I had not been interrupted
（考点：同上）
14) It didn’t rain last night. _______________(要是下了，地就会湿的).
If it had rained, the ground would be wet
（考点：在非真实条件句中，当 主句与从句表示的动作不是同时发生时，就根据情况用适当
的谓语动词形式）
15) _______________(如果我一直住在纽约), I would know the U.S. well now.
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If I had been living in New York
（考点：同上）
16) If the doctor had not come in time, _______________(他现在就不在人间了).
he would be dead now
（考点：同上）
17) But for his help, _______________(我们就不会以这么低的价格租到房子了).
we could not have rent a house at such a low price
（考点：but for经常作为非真实条件句中if的代用语）
18) I used my calculator; _______________(否则，我会花更长的时间才能算出这道题).
otherwise, it would have taken me more time to work out this question
（考点：otherwise也经常作为非真实条件句中if的代用语）
19) Were I in your place, _______________(我会毫不犹豫地抓住机会).
I would seize the opportunity without hesitation
（考点：在非真实条件句中如果有were, had, should这三个词，可以省去if，采用主谓
语倒装的形式来表示条件）
20) Had it not been for their opposition, _______________(这项法案早就通过了).
this act would have been passed much earlier
（考点：同上）
21) Should there be another world war, _______________(人类的继续存在就会有危险).
the continued existence of the human race would be in jeopardy
（考点：同上）
22) He walked lightly _______________(以免惊醒婴儿).
lest he should awaken the baby
（考点：lest (以免)引导的从句通常用sb. should do的形式表示虚拟
六、不定式 10
1) It was a great achievement _______________(10个月建成一栋24层的楼).
to complete a 24-story building in 10 months
（考点：不定式作主语时常用it作形式主语放在句首代替不定式，而将不定式移到谓
语后面）
2) It is necessary _______________(我们在考试前好好地睡一晚上觉).
for us to have a good night’s sleep before the test
（考点：有时用“介词for +代词名词”来表示不定式的逻辑主语，这时整句的谓语描
述的对象是事情，
这种情况下谓语中常用的形容词有：necessary, important, possible, impossible, all right,
essential等）
3) It is generous _______________(你把这么多钱捐给灾区人民).
of you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster area
（考点：有时用“介词of +代词名词”来表示不定式的逻辑主语，这时整句的谓语描述的
对象是人，
常用的形容词有：bold, brave, careful, careless, cruel, foolish, generous, honest, kind, polite,
rude, selfish, silly, stupid, thoughtful, thoughtless, wicked, wise, wrong）
4) The teacher decided _______________(不惩罚那些上课迟到的学生).
not to punish those students who had been late for class
（考点：1.用不定式结构作decide的宾语；2.不定式的否定形式是在to前加not）
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能带不定式作宾语的动词常见的有：afford, attempt, beg, decide, forget, intend, manage,
mean, offer, prefer, promise,）
5) Mr. Green was wondering _______________ (是否去看望在法国的儿子).
whether to visit their son in France
（考点：“疑问词+不定式”作动词wonder的宾语。
6) The gardener _______________(刚才警告我不要在中午给花浇水).
warned me just now not to water flowers at noon
（考点：不定式作宾语补语）
7) We _______________(请他给我们做有关现代艺术的讲座).
invited him to give us a lecture on modern art
（考点：同上）
8) He feels it challenging _______________(在这么大一所大学做学生会主席).
to be the chairman of students’ union in so large a university
（考点：动词+ it +形容词名词+不定式。it是形式宾语，不定式是真正宾语）
9) We hope to have more opportunities _______________(把我们在课堂上学到的东西应
用于实践).
to apply what we have learned in class to practice
（考点：不定式作定语）
10) The bad weather _______________(破坏了我们在露天放电影的计划).
ruined our plan to show the film in the open air
（考点：同上）
七、分词 9
1) This is the first time that I heard _______________(用意大利语唱“祝你生日快乐”).
“Happy birthday to you” sung in Italian
（考点：分词作宾语补语）
2) The cars _______________(停在消防通道的) will be ticketed.
parked in the fire lane
（考点：分词作定语）
3) The war went on for years, _______________(夺去了成千上万人的生命).
killing thousands upon thousands of people
（考点：分词作结果状语）
4) The farmers used a new insecticide, thus _______________(将平均产量提高了15%).
raising the average yield by 15 percent
（考点：同上）
5) Einstein watched the toy in delight, _______________(想推导出它的运转原理).
trying to deduce its operating principle
（考点：分词作伴随状语）
6) _______________(看到大家都在聚精会神地看书), we stopped talking and began to
study.
Seeing that everyone was bending over hisher book
（考点：分词作原因状语）
7) _______________(被这个男孩的事迹深深打动了), they decided to pay for his
education.
Deeply moved by the boy’s deeds
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（考点：同上）
8) _______________(从一个年轻朋友的眼光来看), Einstein was a simple, modest and
ordinary man.
Seen from the eyes of a young friend
（考点：分词作方式状语）
9) _______________(好久没有收到父母的来信了), he was worried about them.
Not having heard from his parents for a long time
（考点：1.分词作原因状语；2.分词的否定形式；3.现在分词的完成式）
八、动名词 6
1) _______________(每天洗冷水澡) does him a lot of good.
Taking a cold bath every day
（考点：动名词作主语）
2) They tried to avoid _______________(让女儿做她不喜欢的事情).
making their daughter do what she didn’t like to do
（考点：动名词作动词的宾语）

3) Developing varieties is the key to _______________(使我们的产品进入国际市场).
getting our goods into the international market
（考点：动名词作介词的宾语）
4) It is no use _______________(为洒了的牛奶而哭泣).
crying over spilled milk
考点：动名词用于固定结构。
5) He denied_______________(偷看了同桌的试卷).
having peeked at his neighbor’s test paper
（考点：动名词的完成式）
6) We congratulated her on _______________(被提升为经理).
being promoted to manager
（考点：动名词的被动式）
九、非谓语动词用法区别 10
1) Success means _______________(非常努力地工作).
working very hard.
（考点：mean表示“意味着”）
2) John meant _______________(开车去那儿，但他的车出了故障).
to drive there, but his car broke down
（考点：mean表示“打算”）
3) I heard him _______________(在跟他的母亲谈话).
talking to his mother
（考点：强调正在进行）
4) I heard him _______________(跟他的母亲谈了一个小时).
talk to his mother for an hour
（考点：强调整个过程）
5) He jumped into the pool to save the child _______________(结果却摔断了自己的腿).
only to break his own leg
（考点：意料之外的结果）
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6) He jumped from the burning house, _______________(摔断了双腿).
breaking his legs
（考点：意料之中的结果）
7) He was happy _______________(看到父母很健康).
to see his parents in good health
（考点：不定式作原因状语位于句末）
8) _______________(看到父母安然无恙), he issued a sigh of relief.
Seeing his parents safe and sound
（考点：分词作原因状语位于句首）
9) _______________(跟随着它的脚印), the zoologists spotted the hungry panda.
Following its footprints
（考点：现在分词强调主动）
10) The pop, _______________(后面跟着两个保镖), came to meet his fans.
followed by two body guards
（考点：过去分词强调被动）
十、名词从句 11
1) _______________(他们为什么离开家乡去云南) is still a secret.
Why they left their hometown for Yunnan
（考点：主语从句）
2) _______________(最让我不解的) was that he spoke English so well.
What confused me most
（考点：同上）
3) _______________(这么做是故意的) became obvious.
That this was done on purpose
（考点：同上）
4) It is not clear yet _______________(谁应该为这件事负责).
who should be responsible for this matter
（考点：较长的主语从句可以后置，用it作形式主语）
5) It is none of your business _______________(玛丽与谁订婚).
whom Mary is engaged to
（考点：同上）
6) Don’t put off till tomorrow _______________(今天能做的事).
what can be done today
（考点：宾语从句）
7) This novel is just _______________(我一直在寻找的).
what I have been looking for
（考点：表语从句）
8) It is not yet known _______________(机器人是否有一天能拥有象人一样的视力).
whetherif robots will one day have vision as good as human vision
（考点：whetherif引导后置的主语从句）
9) _______________(她是否喜欢那个礼物) is not clear to me.
Whether she likes the present
（考点：whether引导前置的主语从句）
10) Finally, the workers got an answer _______________(政府做不了什么事来提高他们
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工资).
that the Government could do nothing to raise their wages
（考点：同位语从句）
11) Obviously, there was little certainty _______________(主席会同意他的提议).
that the chairman would agree to this proposal
（考点：同上）
十一、定语从句4
1) Everyday many tourists come to visit _______________(鲁迅出生的那栋房子).
the house where Lu Xun was born
（考点：先行词为地点，定语从句通常由where引导）
2) The old lady died _______________(在她儿子到达的那天).
on the day when his son arrived
（考点：先行词为时间，定语从句通常由when引导）
3) This is _______________(我赞成这一改革的理由).
the reason why I am in favor of this reform
（考点：先行词为reason，定语从句通常由why引导）
4) Some of the roads were flooded, _______________(这使我们的旅程更为艰难).
which made our journey more difficult
（考点：非限制性定语从句）
十二、状语从句 4
1) _______________(不管我们谈论什么), Jim brings polities into the discussion.
Whatever we talk about
（考点：让步状语从句）
2) _______________(不管观众中的一些人如何使劲地难为他), the comedian always had
a quick, sharp reply.
However hard some people in the audience tried to upset him
3) We climbed high _______________(这样我们就可以看到更好的风景).
so that we might get a better view
（考点：目的状语从句）
4) You can go out _______________(只要你答应晚上11点以前回来).
as long as you promise to be back before 11 at night
（考点：条件状语从句）
十三、比较级最高级 4
1) Does she dance _______________(跟她姐姐一样地优美)?
as gracefully as her sister
（考点：同级比较）
2) The buildings look _______________(在伦敦比在这儿难看得多).
far uglier in London than here
（考点：用副词或词组来修饰比较级）
3) This is _______________(他画的最好的画之一).
one of the best pictures that he has ever painted
（考点：最高级）
4) The higher you climb, _______________(空气就越稀薄).
the thinner the air becomes
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（考点：“越……越……”结构）
十四、倒装句 5
1) Scarcely had she fallen asleep _______________(一阵敲门声就把她吵醒).
when a knock at the door awakened her
（考点：Hardly Scarcely…when…结构）
2) No sooner had Anne arrived _______________(就生病了).
than she fell ill
（考点：No sooner…than…结构）
3) The husband was not hospitable to the visitor. _______________(他妻子也没说一句欢
迎的话).
Nor did the wife say a word of welcome.
（考点：nor表示“后者与前者一样地不……”）
4) Only then _______________(那个医生才意识到他的病人需要手术).
did the doctor realize that his patient needed surgery
（考点：only引导的状语位于句首，句子倒装）

5) Only when you adjust down your price _______________(我们才能做成这笔买卖).
can we conclude the business
（考点：同上）
十五、强调句 5
1) _______________(正是Jefferson写下了) the Declaration of Independence.
It was Jefferson who wrote
（考点：强调主语）
2) _______________(作者是带着真挚的情感)praises all that is progressive.
It is with genuine feeling that the author（考点：强调状语）
3) _______________(正是因为水涨了)we could not cross the river.
It was because the water had risen that（考点：强调状语从句）
4) _______________(人们听见正是Jim这个无情的家伙) shouting at his mother in the dead of
night.
It was Jim, the heartless fellow, who was heard（考点：强调主语）
5) _______________(直到我告诉她) Mrs. Williams knew anything about it.
It was not until I told her that
（考点：强调状语从句）

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